DE524366C - Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oil - Google Patents
Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oilInfo
- Publication number
- DE524366C DE524366C DEST45056D DEST045056D DE524366C DE 524366 C DE524366 C DE 524366C DE ST45056 D DEST45056 D DE ST45056D DE ST045056 D DEST045056 D DE ST045056D DE 524366 C DE524366 C DE 524366C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- whale oil
- saponification
- whale
- alkali
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012164 animal wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Verseifung von Walrat und Walratöl Der Chemismus der als Varrentrappsche Reaktion bezeichneten Alkalischmelze betrifft zunächst den Abbau der Ölsäure zu Palmitinsäure unter Bildung der Seife dieser Fettsäure.Process for the saponification of whale rat and whale oil The chemism of The alkali melt, known as the Varrentrapp reaction, initially affects the breakdown from oleic acid to palmitic acid with the formation of the soap of this fatty acid.
In Anwendung dieser Reaktion auf Wollfett erfolgt eine Verseifung dieses bei Umwandlung der vorhandenen Ölsäure in Palmitinsäure.When this reaction is applied to wool fat, saponification occurs this when the oleic acid present is converted into palmitic acid.
Ferner übt die Alkalischmelze dabei einen Einfluß auf Anteile des Wollfettes an gewissen Alkoholen aus, dahingehend, daß diese teilweise in Carbonsäuren übergeführt werden.Furthermore, the alkali melt has an influence on proportions of the Wool fat is made up of certain alcohols, to the extent that these are partly converted into carboxylic acids be transferred.
Die ursprüngliche Ausführungsform dieser Reaktion war dabei die, da.ß die Fettsubstanz mit starker Lauge bis zum Trockenwerden erhitzt wurde, wozu es Temperaturen von über 3ooo bedarf.The original embodiment of this reaction was that da.ß the fatty substance was heated to dryness with strong lye, for which purpose it was Temperatures of over 3,000 are required.
Das Mengenverhältnis zwischen Alkali und Fett wird dabei so gewählt, daß mit einem Überschuß an ersterem gearbeitet wird, welcher das Mehrfache beträgt, als zur eigentlichen Verseifung erforderlich ist.The quantity ratio between alkali and fat is chosen so that that work is carried out with an excess of the former, which is a multiple, than is necessary for the actual saponification.
Wenn auch in der Literatur darauf hingewiesen wird, daß sich die Varrentrappsche Reaktion gegenüber stark ungesättigten Fettsäuren, wie sie z. B. im Tran enthalten sind, auch mit starken, etwa 5o%igen Laugen an Stelle der Alkalischmelze ermöglichen läßt, so bleibt doch auch hier die Notwendigkeit der Anwendung eines großen Überschusses an Alkali bestehen, was beide Verfahren unwirtschaftlich macht.Even if it is pointed out in the literature that the Varrentrappsche Reaction to highly unsaturated fatty acids, such as those found in e.g. B. included in the Tran are also possible with strong caustic solutions of about 5o% instead of the alkali melt leaves, then here too the necessity of using a large excess remains consist of alkali, which makes both processes uneconomical.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die aliphatischen -einwertigen Alkohole der tierischen Wachse, wie sie insbesondere das Spermöl und der Walrat enthalten, auch dann in Fettsäuren bzw. deren Seifen umgewandelt werden können, wenn man gemäß der Varrentrappschen Reaktion nur mit solchen Mengen an Lauge arbeitet, welche das zur Seifenbildung nötige Maß nur um etwa i o/o übersteigen, d. h. wenn man nur mit einem solchen Überschuß arbeitet, wie er bei der technischen Verseifung von verseifbaren Fetten angewendet wird.It has now been found that the aliphatic monohydric alcohols animal waxes, such as those contained in sperm oil and whale rat, can also be converted into fatty acids or their soaps, if one according to the Varrentrapp reaction only works with such quantities of lye that the Exceed the amount necessary for soap formation by only about i o / o, d. H. if only you with such an excess works as it does in the technical saponification of saponifiable Fat is applied.
Erst durch diese Arbeitsweise wird die Varrentrappsche Reaktion . wirtschaftlich in vorliegender Richtung durchführbar.It is only through this mode of operation that the Varrentrapp reaction occurs. economically feasible in the present direction.
Beispiel i ooo kg Walratöl werden in einem destilHerblasenartigen Apparat auf etwa i 5o° C erhitzt und dann unter Steigerung der Temperatur auf über zoo° C zunächst lebhaft Lauge von etwa 5o° Bd zufließen gelassen, bis die normale Aufspaltung des Walrats in Seife und Fettalkohol erfolgt ist. Unter Kontrolle der jeweiligen Alkalität der Masse verlangsamt man darauf den Laugenzufluß derart, daß der Alkaliüberschuß.nicht wesentlich i °/o Atzalkali übersteigt. Zeigt diese Alkalität am Schluß der Abbaureaktion keinen wesentlichen Rückgang mehr, so ist neben der Verseifung auch die Umwandlung der Fettalkohole in fett-. saures Alkali beendet.Example 100 kg of whale oil are in a vesicle-like distillation Apparatus heated to about 15o ° C and then increasing the temperature to over zoo ° C initially briskly lye of about 5o ° Bd allowed to flow in until the normal The whale rat has been split into soap and fatty alcohol. Under control of Depending on the alkalinity of the mass, the inflow of lye is slowed down in such a way that the excess of alkali does not substantially exceed 10% of the caustic alkali. Shows this alkalinity no significant decrease at the end of the degradation reaction more, so is next to the saponification also the conversion of the fatty alcohols into fatty. sour Alkali terminated.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEST45056D DE524366C (en) | 1928-11-19 | 1928-11-20 | Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2027936X | 1928-11-19 | ||
| DEST45056D DE524366C (en) | 1928-11-19 | 1928-11-20 | Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE524366C true DE524366C (en) | 1931-06-09 |
Family
ID=25994599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEST45056D Expired DE524366C (en) | 1928-11-19 | 1928-11-20 | Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE524366C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE886902C (en) * | 1940-04-19 | 1953-08-17 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of soap-forming fatty acids |
-
1928
- 1928-11-20 DE DEST45056D patent/DE524366C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE886902C (en) * | 1940-04-19 | 1953-08-17 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of soap-forming fatty acids |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE541268C (en) | Process for improving the slipperiness of lubricating oils | |
| DE524366C (en) | Process for the saponification of whale oil and whale oil | |
| DE19609960C2 (en) | Process for the production of electrolyte-stable degreasing agents for leather and furs | |
| DE684968C (en) | Process for improving fatty acids or soaps from oxidation products of high molecular weight non-aromatic hydrocarbons | |
| DE524737C (en) | Process for the extraction of fatty acids | |
| DE550239C (en) | Substitute for olein in the textile industry | |
| DE629244C (en) | Process for the production of reduction products with hydrocarbon or alcohol character from fatty acid esters | |
| DE579896C (en) | Process for the production of hydrophilic fatty substances | |
| DE617975C (en) | Process for the production of wool fat and other wax alcohols | |
| DE825297C (en) | Process for the production of alkali-free potash soap | |
| DE565481C (en) | Process for the preparation of unsaturated fatty acids | |
| DE578286C (en) | Process for the preparation of esters | |
| DE402179C (en) | Process for the production of products from types of wool fat which can be used as natural lanolin on the one hand and wool fat wax on the other | |
| DE55110C (en) | Process for the preparation of higher fatty acids, as well as cholesterol wax from wool fat or wool fat-containing substances | |
| DE572867C (en) | Process for the conversion of natural and artificial wax esters or wax mixtures into fatty acids | |
| DE601547C (en) | Process for the production of detergents, cleaning agents, dispersants and wetting agents | |
| DE465836C (en) | Process for the production of soaps from liquid, dry and semi-dry oil fats | |
| DE592089C (en) | Process for refining oils and fats | |
| DE599581C (en) | Process for the production of waxes and waxy substances | |
| DE564488C (en) | Process for the preparation of high-melting wax esters | |
| DE767801C (en) | Process for the production of carboxylic acids from the products obtained by the oxidation of hydrocarbons | |
| DE538388C (en) | Process for the production of detergents and cleaning agents | |
| DE559833C (en) | Process for the separation of higher molecular weight aliphatic mono- and dicarboxylic acids | |
| AT71420B (en) | Process for the utilization of the wool fat. | |
| DE556732C (en) | Process for the production of fatty acids in free or saponified form |