DK173032B1 - Fremgangsmåde til epoxidation af olefiniske forbindelser - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåde til epoxidation af olefiniske forbindelser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK173032B1 DK173032B1 DK198303414A DK341483A DK173032B1 DK 173032 B1 DK173032 B1 DK 173032B1 DK 198303414 A DK198303414 A DK 198303414A DK 341483 A DK341483 A DK 341483A DK 173032 B1 DK173032 B1 DK 173032B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- epoxidation
- hydrogen peroxide
- titanium
- silicalite
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical compound CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 olefin compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1OC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesityl oxide Natural products CC(C)=CC(C)=O SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004978 cyclooctylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- GNKTZDSRQHMHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Si].[Si].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Si].[Si].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti] GNKTZDSRQHMHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005119 alkyl cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910016523 CuKa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003077 Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N cyclooctene Chemical compound C1CCC\C=C/CC1 URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004913 cyclooctene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQZPDFORWZTSKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrosulphonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)[N+]([O-])=O IQZPDFORWZTSKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/04—Compounds containing oxirane rings containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/03—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves not having base-exchange properties
- B01J29/035—Microporous crystalline materials not having base exchange properties, such as silica polymorphs, e.g. silicalites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/89—Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/12—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
i DK 173032 B1
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til epoxidation af olefiniske forbindelser, ved v hvilken nævnte forbindelser omsættes med hydrogenper oxid, enten indført som sådant eller dannet med stof-5 fer, der er i stand til at udvikle det under reaktionsbetingelserne, ved en temperatur på 0-150°C og et tryk på 1-100 ata i nærværelse af en katalysator og eventuelt i nærværelse af et eller flere opløsningsmidler.
Hydrogenperoxid vides i nærværelse af egnede deri-10 vater af overgangsmetaller (Mo, V, W, Ti, osv.) at være i stand til at angribe olefiniske dobbeltbindinger under tilvejebringelse af epoxider og/eller glycoler. Den tilstedeværende glycolmængde er en funktion af den mængde vand, der indføres med hydrogenperoxidet, og for at opnå 15 høj epoxid-selektivitet er det derfor nødvendigt at anvende meget koncentreret hydrogenperoxid 70%) med deraf følgende sikkerhedsproblemer, der skyldes den kraftige dekomponering af hydrogenperoxidet, eller at anvende opløsningsmiddelblandinger, der er i stand til azeotro-20 pisk at fjerne det vand, der ledsager H202, og reaktionsvandet .
Det er også kendt, at polære opløsningsmidler (f. eks- vand) kinetisk forhaler epoxidationsreaktionen.
GB patentskrift nr. 1 583 398 angiver en frem-25 gangsmåde til epoxidation af definer med hydrogenperoxid under anvendelse som katalysator af et overgangsmetal fra grupperne IVA, VA og VIA i det periodiske system, eller af en organisk eller uorganisk forbindelse af et sådant metal. Disse katalysatorer er i mange tilfælde 30 opløselige i reaktionsmediet og følgelig besværlige at genudvinde. Endvidere må ved fremgangsmåden ifølge dette skrift det med den oxiderende reaktant tilførte vand fjernes ved destillation eller ekstraktion til undgåelse af en forringelse af selektiviteten for dannelse af 35 epoxyforbindelser.
US patentskrift nr. 2 870 171 angiver til anvendelse ved en fremgangsmåde som ovenfor anført wolframbaserede katalysatorer. Den opnåede selektivitet for DK 173032 B1 2 dannelse af epoxyforbindelser er imidlertid ikke overvældende god.
Det har nu overraskende vist sig, at en syntetisk zeolit indeholdende titanatomer er i stand til selektivt 5 at epoxidere olefinerne under opnåelse af høje epoxidud-bytter, også selvom der benyttes hydrogenperoxid i vandig opløsning, og selv når det er fortyndet til en lav koncentration, såsom 104 (den sædvanlige ligger på 10-70%), Sådanne zeolitkatalysatorer er endvidere heteroge-10 ne og således lette at genudvinde.
I overensstemmelse hermed er fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, at der som katalysator anvendes syntetiske.zeoliter indeholdende titanatomer og med den almene formel: 15 xTi(>2, (1-x)Si02 hvor x ligger mellem 0,0001 og 0,04.
Foretrukne udførelsesformer for den omhandlede 20 fremgangsmåde ses i underkravene.
De til epoxidationsreaktionen anvendte syntetiske zeoliter er beskrevet i belgisk patentskrift nr.· 886.812. hvorfra her citeres nogle punkter, der illustrerer materialet og dets fremstilling.
^ Sammensætningsområdet for titansilicalitet udtrykt som molære forhold mellem reagenserne er følgende:
Molært reagens-forhold fortrinsvis
Si02Ti02 5-200 35-65 0H"/Si02 0,1-1,0 0,3-0,6 30 H20/Si02 20-200 60-100
Me/SiOj 0,0-0,5 0 RN+/Si02 0,1-2,0 0,4-1,0 ^ RN+ angiver den nitrogenerede organiske kation af ledt af den til fremstillingen af titansilicalitet (TS-1) anvendte organiske base.
DK 173032 B1 3 ' Me er en alkali-ion, fortrinsvis Na eller K.
Det endelige TS-1 har en sammensætning, der opfylder formlen xTiOj,(1-x)Si02, hvor x ligger mellem 0,0001 og 0,04 og fortrinsvis mellem 0,01 og 0,025. Dette TS-1 5 er af silicalit-typen, og alt titanet substituerer siliciummet.
Det syntetiske materiale har karakteristika, der er påvist ved røntgenstråle-undersøgelse og infrarød undersøgelse.
10 Røntgenstråle-undersøgelsen er foretaget med et pulver-diffraktometer udstyret med et elektronisk impuls-tællesystem, under anvendelse af strålingen CuKa". Titan-silicaliterne (TS-1) er karakteriseret ved et røntgenstråle-diffraktionsspektrum som vist i Fig. Ib. Dette 15 spektrum svarer overalt til det typiske spektrum for si-licalit (Fig. la), men det har visse klart "enkelte" re-flektioner, hvor dobbelte reflektioner. er tydelige i det rene silicalit-spektrum.
Da de spektrale forskelle mellem TS-1 og silicalit 20 er relativt små, kræves særlig nøjagtighed ved den 'spektrale bestemmelse. Af denne grund blev TS-1 og silicalit undersøgt med samme apparat under anvendelse af A^O^ som indre standard.
Tabel I viser de mest betydningsfulde spektrale da-25 ta for et TS-1, hvor x = 0,017, og for et rent silicalit.
Konstanterne for den elenentærekrystalcelle bestemtes ved mindstekvadrat-metoden på basis af de interplanære afstande for 7-8 enkelte reflektioner beliggende inden for området 10-40° 20.
30 En stor del af de interplanære afstande for TS-1 er tendentielt større end de tilsvarende afstande for rent silicalit, omend kun lidt, hvilket er i overensstemmelse med den større forudsigelige værdi for Ti-O-bindingsaf-standen i forhold til værdien for Si-O-bindingsafstanden.
r DK 173032 B1 4
Overgang fra en dobbelt reflection til en enkelt reflektion fortolkes som en ændring fra en monoklinisk symmetri (pseudo-orthorhombisk) (silicalit) til en effektiv orthorhombisk symmetri, "titansilicalit" (TS-1). I 5 Fig.l er de tydeligste blandt ovennævnte spektrale forskelle vist med pile.
Infrarød undersøgelse: TS-1 viser et karakteristisk absorptionsbånd ved 10 ca. 950 cm 1 (se Fig.2, spektre B, C og D), der ikke foreligger i det rene silicalit-spektrum (Fig.2, spektrum A) og også er fraværende i titanoxider (rutil, anastase) og i alkalititanater.
Spektrum B er spektret for TS-1 med 5 mol% Ti02, 15 spektrum C er spektret for TS-1 med 8 mol* Ti02, og spektrum D er spektret for TS-1 med 2,3 mol% Ti02-
Som det fremgår af Fig.2, forøges båndintensiteten ved ca. 950 cm-^ méd mængden af titan, der substituerer siliciummet i silicalit-strukturen.
20
Morfologis
Ud fra et morfologisk aspekt foreligger TS-1 i form af parallelepipeder med rillede kanter. En røntgenstråle-mlkroprøveundersøvelse har vist, at titanfordelingen in- 25 den i krystallen er fuldstændigt ensartet, hvilket bekræfter, at titanet substituerer siliciummet i silicalit-strukturen og ikke foreligger i andre former.
Fremgangsmåden til fremstilling af titansilicalit omfatter fremstilling af en reaktionsblanding bestående 30 af kilder for siliciumoxid, titanoxid og eventuelt et alkalioxid, en nitrogeneret organisk base og vand, idet sammensætningen udtrykt ved de molære reagensforhold er som ovenfor defineret.
Siliciumoxid-kilden kan være et tetraalkylortho-35 silicat, fortrinsvis tetraethylorthosilicat, eller blot et silicat i kolloidal form, eller et silicat af et al-kalimetal, fortrinsvis Na eller K.
DK 173032 B1 5 , Titanoxid-kilden er en hydrolyserbar titanforbin delse, fortrinsvis valgt blandt TiCl^, TiOClj og Ti(al-koxy)4, fortrinsvis Ti(OC2H5)4.
Den organiske base er tetraalkylammoniumhydroxid 5 og navnlig tetrapropylammoniumhydroxid.
Reagensblandingen underkastes hydrotermal behandling i en autoklav ve.d en temperatur mellem 130 og 200°C under dens eget udviklede tryk, i et tidsrum på €-30 dage, indtil krystallerne af TS-l-precursoren er dannet.
10 Disse fraskilles fra moderopløsningen, vaskes grundigt med vand og tørres. I vandfri tilstand har de følgende sammensætning:
xTi02,(l-x)SiO2,0,04(RN+)2O
Precursorkrystallerne opvarmes mellem 1 og 72 ti- 15 mer i atmosfærisk luft ved 550°C for helt at fjerne den nitrogenerede organiske base. Det endelige TS-1 har' følgende sammensætning: xTi02,(l-x)Si02 hvor x er som ovenfor defineret.
20 Kemiske og fysiske undersøgelser er gennemført på de således vundne produkter..
Epoxidationsreaktionen ifølge opfindelsen kan gennemføres portionsvis eller i et fast lag, i monofase-eller bifase-system.
25 Katalysatoren er stabil under reaktionsbetingelser ne og kan genvindes totalt og genanvendes.
De opløsningsmidler, der kan anvendes, omfatter alle polære forbindelser, såsom alkoholer, ketoner, ethe-re, glycoler og syrer, med et antal carbonatomer, der 30 ikke er for højt og fortrinsvis er mindre end eller lig 6.
Methanol eller tert.butanol er de mest foretrukne af alkoholerne, acetone er den mest foretrukne af ketonerne, og eddikesyre eller propionsyre er de mest foretrukne af syrerne.
^ De olefiniske forbindelser, der kan epoxideres ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, har den almene formel: DK 173032 B1 6 R, R, 1\ / 3
C = C
R ^ NR
r2 r4 5 hvor R^, R2r R3 og R4, der kan være ens eller forskellige, er H eller en alkyl-, alkylaryl-, cycloalkyl- eller alkylcycloalkylgruppe, Idet alkylgruppen har roellem 1 og 20 C-atomer, alkylarylgruppen har mellem 7 og 20 C-ato-mer, cycloalkylgruppen har mellem 6 og 10 C-atomer, og 10 alkylcycloalkylgruppen har mellem 7 og 20 C-atomer.
Grupperne R^, R2, R3 og R4 kan parvis danne mættede eller umættede ringe.
Endelig kan grupperne R^, R2, R3 og R4 indeholde halogenatomer, fortrinsvis Cl, Br eller I, og nitro-, 15 sulfonsyre-, carbonyl-, hydroxy-, carboxyl- og ether-grupper.
De definer, der kan epoxideres ved den. .foreliggende fremgangsmåde, er for eksempel ethylén’ , propylen, al-lylchlorid, 2-buten, 1-octen, 1-tridecen, mesityloxid, 20 isopren, cycloocten og cyclohexen. Det er velegnet at operere ved et tryk højere end atmosfæretryk, hvis der anvendes luftformige olefiner, således at de kan bringes i opløsning eller væskeform under reaktionsbetingelserne. Anvendelse af en temperatur højere end 0°C har en ind-25 virkning på reaktionshastigheden, selvom denne er høj allerede ved temperaturer nær 0°C.
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen beskrives nærmere gennem følgende eksempler.
30 Eksempler 1-20 3 1,5 g Pulverformet katalysator, 45 cm opløsningsmiddel og 1 mol olefin indførtes i en 250 cm^ glasautoklav (olefiner, der er.luftformige ved stuetemperatur, indførtes med autoklaven underafkølet). Autoklaven blev 35 nedsænket i et bad, der holdtes ved den ønskede temperatur, og der tilførtes med en doseringspumpe 0,3 til 0,6 7 DK 173032 B1 mol vandigt (36% vægt/vol.) i løbet af 5-10 minutter under magnetisk omrøring.
Resterende H202 blev periodisk undersøgt ved udtagning af en opløsningsprøve og iodometrisk titrering af 5 denne. Da det var praktisk taget forsvundet, blev autoklaven atter bibragt stuetemperatur, og opløsningen blev analyseret ved kvalitativ og kvantitativ gaschromatogra-fi.
De med forskellige olefin-substrater opnåede resul-10 tater og de anvendte reåktionibétingelser er anført i Tabel II.
De samme epoxidationsreaktioner kan også gennemføres i fast lag som vist i følgende eksempler.
15 - Eksempler 21-31 3,5 g Katalysator med en partikelstørrelsesfordeling på 25--60 mesh indførtes i et 6 x 4 mm stålrør med en længde på 45 cm og med et volumen på 5 cm . En opløsning indeholdende 200 ml opløsningsmiddel og 20-40 g ole-20 fin blev fremstillet i en stålautoklav (i tilfælde af olefiner, der er luftformige ved stuetemperatur, blev autoklaven sat under tryk ved 15°c med samme olefin, indtil den ønskede vægtmængde var nået). Røret indeholdende katalysatoren blev nedsænket i et températurstyret bad, 25 og pumpning af olefinopløsningen blev påbegyndt samtidigt med pumpningen af den vandige i^Oj-opløsning ved hjælp af to doseringspumper, idet passagemængderne blev reguleret således, at det molære i^C^/olefln-tilførselsforhold lå mellem 10 og 90%.
30 Operationstrykket blev med en passende ventil ved udløbet fra katalysator-reaktorén reguleret til et tryk mellem 1,5 og 15 ata og under alle omstændigheder højere end trykket i autoklaven indeholdende olefinen. Det udløbende materiale blev perkoleret gennem en kondensator ved 35 io°C for at kondensere alle kondenserbare produkter, og blev derefter opsamlet og analyseret ved gaschromatogra-fi.
/* 8 DK 173032 Bl
De opnåede resultater er anført i Tabel III.
Eksempler 32-34
For at demonstrere, at H202-koncentrationen ikke 5 har nogen indvirkning på epoxid-glycol-fordelingen, viser Tabel IV eksempelvis de resultater, der blev opnået med allylchlorid i methanol under operationsbetingelserne fra eksemplerne 1-20.
10 Eksempel 35 3 3 40 cm Isopropanol og 10 cm vand indførtes 1 en 3 250 cm stålautoklav foret med teflon.
Autoklaven blev nedsænket i et bad, hvis temperatur holdtes ved 135°C, og sat under et tryk på 35 ata med 15 oxygen, idet den absorberede mængde kontinuerligt blev erstattet.
Efter 02-absorptIon på 0,2 mol (4,48 nomalliter) blev blandingen afkølet og befriet for tryk, og mængden af Η202 og peroxider i opløsningen blev titreret. Den in-20 deholdt 0,155 mol peroxid-oxygen (vurderet som H202)..
Af nævnte opløsning blev 40 cm^ overført til en 3 glasautoklav sammen med 10 cm H20 og 1 g titansilicalit.
5 g Propylen tilførtes ved underafkøling af autoklaven.
Autoklaven blev derefter under magnetisk omrøring nedsæn-25 ket i et bad, hvis temperatur holdtes ved 20°C, Efter 35 minutter blev opløsningen analyseret ved gaschromatogra-fi og titreret for at bestemme peroxidindholdet. Der blev opnået følgende resultater.
30 resterende peroxider (som H202) 5,5 mmol propylenoxid 110 mmol propylenglycol 8,5 mmol og således: 35 H 0?-omdannelse (peroxider) = 95,56% propylenoxid-selektivitet = 92,83% DK 173032 B1 9
Tabel I
TS-1 Silicalit(a) 9 Inter- (b) 7 Inter- (b) _ planær Rel. _ planær Rel.
(Cuka) afstand Int. (Cuka) afstand Int.
S _ d(A)___d_(A)_ 7,94 11,14 vs 7,94 11,14 vs 8,85 9,99 s 8,85 9,99 s 9,08 9,74 m 9,08 9,74 m 13,21 6,702 w 13,24 6,687 w 13.92 6,362 mw 13,95 6,348 mw 10 14,78 5,993 mw 14,78 5,993 mw 15,55 5,698 w 15,55 5,698 w* 15.90 5,574 w 15,90 5,574 w 17,65 5,025 w 17,65 5,025 w 17,81 4,980 w 17,83 4,975 w 20,37 4,360 w 20,39 4,355 w 15 20,85 4,260 mw 20,87 4,256 mw 23,07 3,855 s 23,08 3,853 s 23,28 3,821 ms 23,29 3,819 s 23,37 3,806" ms 23,71 3,753 ms 20 23,72 3,751 s 23,80 3,739 ms 23.92 3,720 s 23,94 3,717 s 24,35 3,655 mw 24,41 3,646 m 24,60 3,619 mw 25 25,84 3,448 w 25.87 3,444 w 25,97 3,431 w 26.87 3,318 w* 26,95 3,308 v* 29,23 .3,055 w 29,27 3,051 mw 30 29,45 3 >033 w 29.90 2,988 mw 29,90 2,988 mw 30,34 2,946 . w 30,25 2,954 w.
45,00 2,014 mw* 45,05 2,012 mw* 45,49 1,994 mw* 45,60 1,989 mw* 35 a) Fremstillet ved metoden ifølge US patentskrift 4.061.724, produkt calclneret ved 550°C.
b) vs: meget stærk , s: stærk, ms: middelstærk, m: medium, mw: middelsvag, w: svag, *: multiplet.
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Claims (8)
- 2. Fremgangsmåde Ifølge krav 1,kendeteg ne t ved, at hydrogenperoxidet foreligger i fortyndet vandig opløsning.
- 3. Fremgangsmåde Ifølge krav 1,kendetegne t ved, at hydrogenperoxidet i den vandige opløsning 20 udgør mellem 10 og 70% vægt/volumeh.
- 4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at der benyttes et polært opløsningsmiddel.
- 5. Fremgangsmåde Ifølge krav 4,kendeteg- 25. e t ved, at det polære opløsningsmiddel vælges blandt alkoholer, glycoler, ketoner, ethere og syrer med et antal carbonatomer mindre end eller lig 6.
- 6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at alkoholen er methanol eller tert.butanol.
- 7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 5,kendeteg ne t ved, at ketonen er acetone.
- 8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at syren er eddikesyre eller propionsyre,
- 9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendet eg- 35. e t ved, at olefinforbindelsen vælges blandt ethylen, propylen, allylchlorid, 2-buten, 1-octen, 1-tridecen, mesityloxid, isopren, cycloocteii og cyclohexen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT22608/82A IT1152299B (it) | 1982-07-28 | 1982-07-28 | Procedimento per l'espossidazione di composti olefinici |
| IT2260882 | 1982-07-28 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK341483D0 DK341483D0 (da) | 1983-07-26 |
| DK341483A DK341483A (da) | 1984-01-29 |
| DK173032B1 true DK173032B1 (da) | 1999-11-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK198303414A DK173032B1 (da) | 1982-07-28 | 1983-07-26 | Fremgangsmåde til epoxidation af olefiniske forbindelser |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4833260A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0100119B1 (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS5951273A (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE21896T1 (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1196925A (da) |
| DE (1) | DE3365871D1 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK173032B1 (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1152299B (da) |
| NO (1) | NO168768C (da) |
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| EP3438101A1 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-06 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Process for the epoxidation of propene |
| CN108774197A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-09 | 湖南东搏科技有限公司 | 节能高效的过氧化氢直接氧化丙烯制备环氧丙烷工艺 |
| DE102018219557A1 (de) | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-20 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung und Reinigung von Propylenglykol |
| US10780431B1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-22 | Oriental Union Chemical Corp. | Method of using biopolymer to synthesize titanium-containing silicon oxide material and applications thereof |
| CN110256376B (zh) | 2019-06-14 | 2022-07-19 | 大连理工大学 | 一种丙烯和过氧化氢气相环氧化合成环氧丙烷的流态化反应方法 |
| CN110357835B (zh) * | 2019-09-02 | 2023-04-28 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | 一种表氯醇的制备方法 |
| EP3812374A1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-28 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Process for the epoxidation of propene |
| EP3812375A1 (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-28 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Process for the epoxidation of propene |
| KR20230142715A (ko) | 2021-02-03 | 2023-10-11 | 에보닉 오퍼레이션스 게엠베하 | 프로펜의 에폭시화를 위한 방법 |
| EP4063355A1 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-28 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Integrated process and plant for making styrene and propene oxide |
| HUE071346T2 (hu) | 2021-05-10 | 2025-08-28 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Integrált berendezés és integrált eljárás propén-oxid elõállítására |
| EP4166545B1 (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2024-09-04 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Process for making propene oxide |
| EP4332233A1 (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-06 | Syensqo Sa | Solventless enzymatic epoxidation of olefins |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2870171A (en) * | 1956-05-21 | 1959-01-20 | Shell Dev | Epoxidation process |
| US3156709A (en) * | 1962-03-06 | 1964-11-10 | Du Pont | Oxidation process |
| US3351635A (en) * | 1966-03-14 | 1967-11-07 | Halcon International Inc | Epoxidation process |
| FR1603460A (da) * | 1968-09-16 | 1971-04-19 | ||
| US4021454A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1977-05-03 | Shell Oil Company | Olefin epoxidation |
| FR2307807A1 (fr) * | 1975-04-18 | 1976-11-12 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Procede d'epoxydation |
| IT1093025B (it) * | 1976-11-26 | 1985-07-19 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Procedimento per l epossidazione delle olefine mediante perossido d idrogeno |
| IT1127311B (it) | 1979-12-21 | 1986-05-21 | Anic Spa | Materiale sintetico,cristallino,poroso costituito da ossidi di silicio e titanio,metodo per la sua preparazione e suoi usi |
| IT1195029B (it) * | 1980-09-09 | 1988-09-28 | Anic Spa | Procedimento per la ossidrilazione di idrocarburi aromatici |
| US4410715A (en) * | 1982-07-14 | 1983-10-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Process for the epoxidation of olefins using a group V metal co-catalyst I and a phenolic hydrocarbon co-catalyst II |
-
1982
- 1982-07-28 IT IT22608/82A patent/IT1152299B/it active
-
1983
- 1983-07-13 AT AT83201040T patent/ATE21896T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-07-13 DE DE8383201040T patent/DE3365871D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-07-13 EP EP83201040A patent/EP0100119B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-18 CA CA000432624A patent/CA1196925A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-26 NO NO832722A patent/NO168768C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-07-26 DK DK198303414A patent/DK173032B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-07-28 JP JP58136914A patent/JPS5951273A/ja active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-01-11 US US07/142,538 patent/US4833260A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH045028B2 (da) | 1992-01-30 |
| IT1152299B (it) | 1986-12-31 |
| NO832722L (no) | 1984-01-30 |
| NO168768C (no) | 1992-04-01 |
| DE3365871D1 (en) | 1986-10-09 |
| NO168768B (no) | 1991-12-23 |
| ATE21896T1 (de) | 1986-09-15 |
| US4833260A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
| EP0100119B1 (en) | 1986-09-03 |
| CA1196925A (en) | 1985-11-19 |
| DK341483A (da) | 1984-01-29 |
| DK341483D0 (da) | 1983-07-26 |
| EP0100119A1 (en) | 1984-02-08 |
| IT8222608A0 (it) | 1982-07-28 |
| JPS5951273A (ja) | 1984-03-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PUP | Patent expired |