DK2976147T3 - Fremgangsmåde til behandling af urenheder indeholdt i skibes udstødningsgasser og skib med en skrubberrensningsenhed - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåde til behandling af urenheder indeholdt i skibes udstødningsgasser og skib med en skrubberrensningsenhed Download PDF

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DK2976147T3
DK2976147T3 DK13869850.1T DK13869850T DK2976147T3 DK 2976147 T3 DK2976147 T3 DK 2976147T3 DK 13869850 T DK13869850 T DK 13869850T DK 2976147 T3 DK2976147 T3 DK 2976147T3
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filter
effluent
wastewater
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impurities
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Hans Langh
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
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    • B01D53/1418—Recovery of products
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    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
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    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
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    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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    • C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
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    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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Claims (14)

1. Fremgangsmåde til behandling af urenheder indeholdt i skibes udstødningsgasser til reduktion af svovloxidemissioner, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter - at rense udstødningsgasserne med vand i en udstødningsgasskrubber (1, 1', 1") til reduktion af svovldioxidemissioner af udstødningsgasserne, - at tilføre vaskevand, der skal renses, dvs. spildevand, som indeholder urenheder og forlader udstødningsgasskrubberen (1, 1', 1"), til en rensningsenhed (2, 2', 2") ombord på et skib, hvori spildevandet renses, og - at overvåge en pH-værdi af det rensede spildevand, og hvis den er mindre end en foruddefineret værdi, justeres pH-værdien af spildevandet til en ønsket værdi, hvorefter det rensede spildevand udledes til et hav eller sendes tilbage til udstødningsgasskrubberen (1,1', 1"), kendetegnet ved, at - rensningsenheden (2, 2', 2") omfatter en rensningsindretning (120, 120', 120"), der omfatter et båndfilter (121, 121', 121"), der omfatter et bevægeligt skråt filterbånd (122, 122', 122"), hvor en vandig fluid indeholdende urenheder, der stammer fra spildevandet, sammen med et eller flere fældningsmidler fremføres til en første overflade af det skrå filterbånd (122, 122', 122") af båndfilteret og filtreres gennem filterbåndet til koncentration af urenheder indeholdt i den vandige fluid på den første overflade af båndfilteret som et præcipitat, der skal fjernes fra den første overflade af filterbåndet, og - vaskevandet, der skal renses, dvs. spildevandet, der forlader udstødningsgasskrubberen (V, 1") og indeholder urenheder, renses i et spildevands-kredsløb (3', 3"), der er indeholdt i rensningsenheden (2', 2"), før fremføringen af den vandige fluid til det skrå filterbånd (122', 122") af båndfilteret, hvilket spildevandskredsløb (3', 3") indeholder mindst et membranfilter (4', 4"), og at vaskevandet, der skal renses, dvs. spildevandet, cirkuleres i spilde-vandskredsløbet (3', 3"), hvori spildevandet filtreres gennem den semipermeable membran (7', 7") af membranfilteret (4', 4") til opnåelse af renset spildevand og en rest, der indeholder urenheder, hvor det rensede spildevand fjernes fra membranfilteret og cirkulation i spildevandskredsløbet, mens resten bliver ved med at cirkulere i spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3"), hvori den koncentreres, hvorefter mindst noget af den koncentrerede rest i spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3") fremføres, meget koncentreret med urenheder og i form af en vandig fluid, til det skrå filterbånd (122', 122") af båndfilteret (121', 121").
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at præcipitatet fjernes fra den første overflade af filterbåndet (122, 122', 122") ved skrabning.
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at et filtrat, der ledes gennem filterbåndet (122) og indeholder renset vand, der stammer fra den vandige fluid, udledes til et hav eller føres til udstødningsgasskrubberen (1).
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at membranfilteret (4, 4', 4") med mellemrum rengøres for urenheder ved at udsætte membranfilteret for returskylning af den semipermeable membran (7, 7', 7") af membranfilteret (4, 4', 4") med en fluid, der er fri for urenheder, og i en strømningsretning, der er modsat strømningsretningen af det rensede spildevand, der strømmer gennem membranfilteret, hvor urenhederne, der opsamles i membranfilteret, fjernes fra membranfilteret (4, 4', 4"), hvorefter urenhederne, sammen med fluiden, transporteres ud af spildevandskredsløbet (3, 3', 3") og filtreres i båndfilteret (121, 121', 121 ") af rensningsindretningen (120, 120', 120").
5. Skib omfattende en udstødningsgasskrubber (1, 1', 1") til rensning af udstødningsgasser fra skibets forbrændingsmotor og til reduktion af svovldioxidemissioner, en rensningsenhed (2, 2', 2") til rensning af vaskevand, der skal renses og forlader udstødningsgasskrubberen (1, 1', 1"), og målemidler (19, 19', 19a', 19", 19a", 19b") til bestemmelse af pH-værdien af renset spildevand, kendetegnet ved, at rensningsenheden (2, 2', 2") omfatter en rensningsenhed (120, 120', 120"), der omfatter et båndfilter (121, 121', 121"), der omfatter et bevægeligt skråt filterbånd (122, 122', 122") til rensning af urenheder, der stammer fra spildevandet, og ved, at rensningsenheden (2', 2") yderligere omfatter et spildevandskredsløb (3', 3"), der omfatter en cirkulationspumpe (5', 5") og mindst et membranfilter (4', 4"), der omfatter en semipermeabel membran (7', 7"), hvilken cirkulationspumpe er indrettet til at cirkulere spildevandet, der skal renses, i spildevandskredsløbet ved at fremføre spildevandet til en indgangsende (6', 6") af membranfilteret (4', 4"), således at spildevandet, der strømmer gennem membranfilteret, trænger igennem den semipermeable membran (7', 7") og renset kommer ud af en udgang (8', 8") af membranfilteret (4', 4") og af spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3"), mens en rest, der indeholder urenheder, føres fra en udløbsende (9', 9") af membranfilteret tilbage til cirkulationspumpen (5', 5") og fra cirkulationspumpen igen til indgangsenden (6', 6") af membranfilteret, hvor rensningsindretningen (120', 120") er forbundet nedstrøms for udløbsenden (9', 9") af membranfilteret (4', 4") og indrettet til fra spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3") at modtage en rest, der er meget koncentreret med urenheder i form af en vandig fluid, til yderligere koncentration af denne til et præcipitat.
6. Skib ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter midler (119, 119', 119", 129, 129', 129") til fremføring af et eller flere fældningsmidler til rensningsindretningen (120, 120', 120").
7. Skib ifølge krav 5 eller 6, kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter undertryksmidler (123, 123', 123") til at frembringe undertryk på en ren side af filterbåndet (122, 122', 122").
8. Skib ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav 5 til 7, kendetegnet ved, at der er tilvejebragt en skraber (124, 124’,124") i forbindelse med båndfilteret (121, 121', 121") til fjernelse af præcipitatet ved at skrabe fra en første overflade af filterbåndet (122,122', 122") for at rengøre filterbåndet.
9. Skib ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter en ledning (137', 137") til transport af filtratet, der forlader rensningsindretningen (120', 120"), tilbage til spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3") til yderligere rensning af filtratet.
10. Skib ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at rensningsenheden (2', 2") omfatter et grovfilter (12', 12"), der er anbragt opstrøms for spildevandskredsløbet (3', 3")
11. Skib ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav 5, 9 eller 10, kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter et returskylningssystem (22', 106") til rengøring af den semipermeable membran (7, 7a, 7', 7a', 7", 7a") af membranfilteret (4, 4a, 4', 4a', 4", 4a") for urenhedspartikler, hvilket returskylningssystem er indrettet til at fremføre en fluid, der er fri for urenheder, i en strømningsret ning af den semipermeable membran (7, 7a, 7', 7a', 7", 7a") af membranfilteret, som er modsat strømningsretningen af det rensede spildevand.
12. Skib ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 5 til 11, kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter en ledning (49, 49', 49") til fremføring af det rensede spildevand tilbage til udstødningsgasskrubberen (1,1', 1').
13. Skib ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at rensningsenheden (2, 2', 2") er en overførbar beholderlignende enhed, der omfatter et første forbindelsesmiddel (K1") til at forbinde rensningsenheden med en spildevandsledning, der kommer fra skibets udstødningsgasskrubber, et andet forbindelsesmiddel (K2") til at forbinde rensningsenheden med et vandfordelingskredsløb af skibet og en udløbsledning (32b', 32b") til udledning fra rensningsenheden af det spildevand, der er renset deri.
14. Skib ifølge krav 13, kendetegnet ved, at rensningsenheden (2") omfatter et tredje forbindelsesmiddel (K3") til at forbinde det med et trykluftkredsløb af skibet, så det muliggøres, at trykluft kan anvendes på en ren side af membranfilteret.
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CA2861630A1 (en) 2014-11-08
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