EP0000736A1 - Reifen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents

Reifen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000736A1
EP0000736A1 EP78100515A EP78100515A EP0000736A1 EP 0000736 A1 EP0000736 A1 EP 0000736A1 EP 78100515 A EP78100515 A EP 78100515A EP 78100515 A EP78100515 A EP 78100515A EP 0000736 A1 EP0000736 A1 EP 0000736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tire
blend
annulus
preform
tread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP78100515A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Donald Ray Bartley
James Sidles
Stephen Charles Sabo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goodrich Corp
Original Assignee
BF Goodrich Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BF Goodrich Corp filed Critical BF Goodrich Corp
Publication of EP0000736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000736A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
    • B60C5/01—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without substantial cord reinforcement, e.g. cordless tyres, cast tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10S152/905—Tread composition

Definitions

  • the modern pneumatic tire for vehicles is a composite of elastomeric material reinforced with fibrous elements in the form of cords of textile, wire or glass materials.
  • the construction.of such a tire requires a plurality of manipulative steps and a number of materials of diverse natures, which necessitate large capital investments for sophisticated equipment and a substantial number of operator-guided manipulations.
  • modern pneumatic tires for vehicles can be considered both labor and capital intensive.
  • an improved pneumatic tire for vehicles is provided by forming the carcass entirely of a vulcanized elastomeric blend of: (a) a monoolefin copolymer rubber (such as EPM or EPDM rubber); and, (b) a polyolefin; the tire being characterized by the vulcanized blend exhibiting biaxial molecular orientation.
  • the blend is a polyethylene propylene diene terpolymer with the polyolefin being a polyethylene polymer present in an amount of 10 to 45 parts by weight for each 100 parts by weight of the terpolymer.
  • the orientation of the molecules is effected by preforming a carcass of the blend into a generally annular configuration, with bead reinforcing hoops adjacent either end, the carcass having a diameter approximately that of the bead diameter, or intermediate that diameter and the tread diameter of the completed tire, and the axial distance between the beads being less than the transverse arcuate dimension of the completed tire.
  • This carcass is vulcanized in its preform configuration, after which the vulcanized preform, while at a temperature above the melting point of the polyolefin, is shaped to the generally toroidal configuration thereby causing stretching of the sidewall and tread portions.
  • the toroidally shaped tire is then cooled below the melting point of the polyolefin before release from the shaping apparatus.
  • the preform is provided with a tread pattern so that the completed tire has an anti-skid running surface.
  • This pattern may be formed in the same material which comprises the sidewalls of the tire or may be formed in a separate tread compound applied to the carcass prior to the vulcanization and shaping operations.
  • the preform may be devoid of anti-skid forming elements and the tire, when removed from the shaping mold, may then have a preformed tread band secured thereto in a manner well known in the tire retreading art.
  • the improved tire and method of making the same of this invention therefore, eliminates the necessity for many of the usual components required in a vehicle tire, with corresponding re4uction in the amount of capital, equipment and labor necessary for manufacture of conventional tires.
  • the presently preferred embodiment of the invention comprises employing a vulcanizable elastomeric blend, which is capable of molecular orientation upon stretching after vulcanization, with sufficient curing agents therein so that the blend is vulcanized when subjected to heat and pressure.
  • the blend comprises EPM or EPDM elastomers and a polyolefin.
  • the EPM elastomers are ethylene-higher a-olefin copolymers and the EPDM elastomers additionally contain a polyene and are well known. These elastomers normally contain from about 10 to 90% by weight of ethylene with the remainder being at least one higher a-olefin. When such copolymers contain a polyene, the polyene content is about 0.5 to 20% by weight.
  • the higher a-olefins normally are propylene and butene-1.
  • the polyenes can be conjugated dienes, nonconjugated dienes, trienes, and the like.
  • Preferred EPM copolymers have ethylene contents from about 50 to 75 by weight percent with 25 to 50% propylene.
  • Preferred EPDM elastomers contain from about 50 to 75% by weight of ethylene, 25 to 50% by weight propylene and about 1 to 10% by weight of nonconjugated cyclic diene.
  • the polyolefin of the blend may be polyethylene or polypropylene and comprise from 10 to 55 parts by weight based upon 100 parts by weight of the elastomer. However, it is preferred that the plastic be present in the range of 30 to 35 parts by weight.
  • the blend is formed into a generally annular preform 10, which, as shown in Figure 1, is substantially cylindrical.
  • the portion 11, intermediate the edges and corresponding to the tread of the completed tire is of greater thickness than the portions 12 and 13 at either side thereof, which will constitute the sidewalls of the completed tire.
  • Incorporated in'the preform 10 adjacent the edges thereof, are wire hoops 14 and 15, which constitute bead cores in the completed tire.
  • These are of conventional construction, preferably of the type known as cable beads, formed of wire disposed in a plurality of convolutions and generally cylindrical in cross-section.
  • the preform may be made employing a suitable generally annular mold having an appropriate tread anti-skid pattern.
  • the bead cores 14 and 15 are placed in the mold and the blend is then introduced, as for example, by injection or transfer molding, the latter being preferred.
  • the bead diameter of the preform corresponds to that of the completed tire but the transverse width and the circumference of the tread portion 11 are less than the arcuate transverse dimension and tread circumference of the completed tire.
  • the preform is vulcanized within the mold by subjecting it to heat and pressure sufficient to effect cross-linking of the molecules of the elastomer portion of the composition, as is well understood in the art.
  • the mold may have inserts which form axially spaced grooves 16 in the sidewalls 12 and 13 and circumferential grooves in the tread portion 11 of the preform for a purpose hereinafter described.
  • the preform 10 is removed from the curing mold and is then shaped and stretched to the generally toroidal , configuration of a conventional vehicle tire. This is effected by introducing the preform into a mold corresponding to the desired final size of the tire.
  • the preform must be sufficiently hot to permit it to stretch to the generally toroidal configuration, as shown in Figure 4, and cause it to conform with the mold surface under the influence of fluid pressure applied to the interior of the preform. Since the preform is already vulcanized, it is not necessary to subject it to a full vulcanizing cycle.
  • the tire When shaping of the preform has been completed, the tire is cooled to a temperature below that which produces solidification of the plastic portion of the blend, by flushing the interior with cold water prior to removal of the tire from the mold.
  • the completed tire 20 When removed from the mold, the completed tire 20 will have the appearance of a conventional pneumatic vehicle tire, as indicated in Figures 3 and 4, with the running surface provided with an anti-skid pattern 21 in the portion of the tire which corresponds with the region 11 of the preform, as the result of the grooves formed in that portion of the preform, and with the bead cores 14 and 15 occupying their usual positions in the bead regions of the tire.
  • the molecular orientation enhances the tensile strength and stiffness of the blend over that exhibited by the same material which has not been stretched and set in stretched condition after vulcanization.
  • the sidewall strength of the tire is further augmented by the radial ribs 22 produced therein by the material intermediate the grooves 16 provided in the preform, which grooves, as a result of the stretching, have enlarged to form generally oblong-shaped panels 23 in the completed tire 20.
  • a 600-13 size inflatable tire is made and vulcanized in the form of a cylinder of 12.5 inches diameter.
  • This vulcanized preform was then heated and stretched to final configuration and cooled in that configuration. This increased the distance from bead to bead measured on the surface of the tire from 7 inches to 14 inches while the tread portion increased from 12.5 inches to 21.76 inches inside diameter.
  • the running surface of the tire may be formed of a different material than that of the carcass.
  • this surface may be provided by an elastomer of the same nature as that employed in the,carcass, but without the addition.of the polyolefin, with a band of the tread-forming material placed within the mold for the preform before the remainder of the material for the preform is introduced therein so that both materials are vulcanized together in a single composite unit.
  • the tread material can be applied to the vulcanized preform after it has been removed from the mold in which it is cured and before the composite is placed in the conventional tire mold to effect shaping of the preform in its final configuration. It is also possible to shape the preform 10 to a toroidal configuration without an anti-skid tread pattern for the running surface and then apply to thecompleted toroid a preformed tread band in a manner well known in the tire retreading art.
  • the shape of the preform may be that of the zone of a sphere rather than generally cylindrical with the distance from the axis to the tread portion 11 being intermediate that dimension in the completed tire and the radius of the beads.
  • the arcuate distance between the beads of the preform is so chosen as to provide the desired stretching and, hence, orientation of molecules in the completed tire.
  • the blend comprises EPM or EPDM elastormer and polyolefin.
  • the EPM elastomers are ethylene-higher a-olefin copolymers and the EPDM elastomers additionally contain a polyene. These elastomers normally contain from about 10 to 90% by weight of ethylene with the remainder being at least one higher a-olefin. When such copolymers contain a polyene, the ethylene content is from about 10 to about 90% by weight, the higher a-olefin from about 10 to about 80% by weight and the polyene content p f about 0.5 to 20% by weight.
  • the higher a-olefins may contain from about 3 to 14 carbon atoms but more normally are propylene and butene-1.
  • the polyenes can be conjugated dienes such as butadiene, nonconjugated dienes, trienes, and the like.
  • the nonconjugated dienes contain from about 5 to 25 carbon atoms such as 1,5-hexadiene, cyclic dienes such as cyclopentadiene and dicyclopentadiene, vinyl cyclicenes, indenes, alkenyl norbornenes such as 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, and the like.
  • Preferred EPM copolymers have ethylene contents from about 50 to 75 weight percent with 25 to 50% propylene.
  • Preferred EPDM elastomers contain from about 50 to 75% by weight of ethylene, 25 to 50% by weight propylene and about 1 to 10% by weight of a nonconjugated cyclic diene. These elastomers have molecular weights from about 20,000 to about 2,000,000 or more.
  • the polyolefin of the blend may be polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the blend of rubber and plastic may employ ingredients as set forth in U.S. patent 3,862,106.
  • the monoolefin copolymer rubber is mixed with the polyolefin resin and shaped into the preform configuration before vulcanization.
  • the material is sufficiently crosslinked that it is not thermoplastic as disclosed for the material when processed as taught in U.S. Patent 3,862,106.
  • compositions for the preform are: In this recipe, all quantities are expressed as parts by weight based upon 100 parts of the elastomer.
  • the ethylene propylene diene terpolymer was that sold under the trademark Epcar 587 by The BFGoodrich Company, the polyethylene may be the crosslinkable type sold under the trademark Marlex CL-100 by the Phillips Chemical Company.
  • Another suitable composition for the preform is: In this recipe, all quantities are expressed as parts by weight based upon.100 parts of the elastomer.
  • the ethylene propylene diene terpolymer was that sold under the trademark Epcar 847 by The BFGoodrich Company, the polyethylene was that sold under the trademark Marlex CL-100 by The Phillips Chemical Company and the curing system comprised sulfur or a sulfur donor plus suitable accelerators.
  • the tread material may be the same as that of the preform. However, in order to provide improved traction, it may comprise a suitable ethylene propylene diene copolymer compound such as either of the two above examples but with the polyethylene omitted. Alternatively, the tread compound may be any of these customarily employed for inflatable vehicle tires with a suitable tie gum or cement interposed between the tread elastomer and preform to effect proper union during Vulcanization. Moreover, the invention is not limited to use of the specific compounds given for the preform since modifications can be made therein and in the procedural steps described for constructing the tires by those skilled in the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
EP78100515A 1977-08-10 1978-07-26 Reifen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Withdrawn EP0000736A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/823,304 US4201261A (en) 1977-08-10 1977-08-10 Vehicle tire
US823304 1977-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000736A1 true EP0000736A1 (de) 1979-02-21

Family

ID=25238367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100515A Withdrawn EP0000736A1 (de) 1977-08-10 1978-07-26 Reifen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4201261A (de)
EP (1) EP0000736A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5431102A (de)
CA (1) CA1091563A (de)
IT (1) IT1158960B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG99384A1 (en) * 1997-07-25 2003-10-27 Unitive Int Ltd Controlled-shaped solder reservoirs for increasing the volume of solders bumps, and structures formed thereby

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4936365A (en) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-26 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Anisotropic tire
US4982773A (en) * 1989-04-03 1991-01-08 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Pneumatic tire including spaced sidewall projections
JP2983606B2 (ja) * 1990-10-16 1999-11-29 株式会社ブリヂストン 空気入りタイヤ
US5535800A (en) * 1994-11-21 1996-07-16 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Pneumatic tire for extended mobility featuring composite ribs
GB2340497B (en) * 1998-06-03 2003-01-08 Genshaw Ltd Construction materials
US20080163969A1 (en) * 2007-01-08 2008-07-10 Paul Bryan Maxwell Pneumatic tire with buttressed sidewall
FR2967611B1 (fr) * 2010-10-14 2015-04-17 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique dont les flancs sont renforces par un film de polymere thermoplastique
JP6362929B2 (ja) * 2014-06-10 2018-07-25 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1325441A (fr) * 1961-06-23 1963-04-26 Bayer Ag Pneumatique en matière synthétique
NL293125A (de) * 1962-05-25 1965-07-26
US3229013A (en) * 1962-11-05 1966-01-11 Du Pont Preparation of tires
US3508988A (en) * 1965-09-08 1970-04-28 Dunlop Co Ltd Method of making fibrillated reinforced elastomeric material
DE1795205A1 (de) * 1965-08-12 1972-03-16 Dunlop Rubber Co Zweiradluftreifen
US4000341A (en) * 1975-05-23 1976-12-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Autoclavable, corrugated, respiratory care tubing

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2645265A (en) * 1948-06-24 1953-07-14 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Pneumatic tire and method of making same
US3208500A (en) * 1961-06-23 1965-09-28 Bayer Ag Vehicle tire
US3195179A (en) * 1961-12-26 1965-07-20 Cooper Tire & Rubber Co Rim for post curing inflation of pneumatic tires
US4059651A (en) * 1970-03-11 1977-11-22 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Curable blends of EPDM and polypropylene
US3901961A (en) * 1970-08-05 1975-08-26 Semperit Ag Method for the fabrication of a molded article formed from oriented fiber reinforced material
US3862106A (en) * 1971-01-20 1975-01-21 Uniroyal Inc Thermoplastic blend of partially cured monoolefin copolymer rubber and polyolefin plastic
US3852008A (en) * 1973-07-26 1974-12-03 Uniroyal Inc Apparatus for cooling tires during post-inflation
US4006767A (en) * 1975-10-08 1977-02-08 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Pneumatic tires

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1325441A (fr) * 1961-06-23 1963-04-26 Bayer Ag Pneumatique en matière synthétique
NL293125A (de) * 1962-05-25 1965-07-26
US3229013A (en) * 1962-11-05 1966-01-11 Du Pont Preparation of tires
DE1795205A1 (de) * 1965-08-12 1972-03-16 Dunlop Rubber Co Zweiradluftreifen
US3508988A (en) * 1965-09-08 1970-04-28 Dunlop Co Ltd Method of making fibrillated reinforced elastomeric material
US4000341A (en) * 1975-05-23 1976-12-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Autoclavable, corrugated, respiratory care tubing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG99384A1 (en) * 1997-07-25 2003-10-27 Unitive Int Ltd Controlled-shaped solder reservoirs for increasing the volume of solders bumps, and structures formed thereby

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4201261A (en) 1980-05-06
JPS5431102A (en) 1979-03-07
CA1091563A (en) 1980-12-16
IT7826553A0 (it) 1978-08-07
IT1158960B (it) 1987-02-25

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BARTLEY, DONALD RAY

Inventor name: SABO, STEPHEN CHARLES

Inventor name: SIDLES, JAMES