EP0011497B1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante et concentrat d'additif pour l'addition à de l'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante et concentrat d'additif pour l'addition à de l'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011497B1
EP0011497B1 EP79302596A EP79302596A EP0011497B1 EP 0011497 B1 EP0011497 B1 EP 0011497B1 EP 79302596 A EP79302596 A EP 79302596A EP 79302596 A EP79302596 A EP 79302596A EP 0011497 B1 EP0011497 B1 EP 0011497B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxyethylated
composition
alkylphenol
lubricating oil
sorbitan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP79302596A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0011497A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian S. Harstick
Edward F. Zaweski
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Edwin Cooper Inc
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Edwin Cooper Inc
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/146—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
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    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
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Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition and an additive concentrate for addition to lubricating oil; and the invention is concerned, in particular, with the provision of an improved oil for crankcase service for internal combustion engines.
  • Oils for such service commonly contain various additives which serve different functions.
  • Ashless dispersants are added to prevent deposition of engine sludge.
  • Zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate is added to inhibit wear and provide antioxidant protection.
  • Alkaline earth metal alkylbenzene or petroleum sulfonates function as high temperature detergents. Over-based alkaline earth metal sulfonates or salicylates provide both detergent action and an alkaline reserve to protect engine parts against corrosion.
  • Tweens specifically Tween and Tween 81, both being mono-esters which only differ in their degree of oxyethylation.
  • Anticorrosion properties are demonstrated using the "static water-drop test” and it is made absolutely plain that only the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleates meet the requirements of this test. Indeed, the disclosure of this U.S. Patent is very definite in its teaching of the use of monoesters, the only thing being varied being the degree of oxyethylation of such esters.
  • the present invention is founded upon the unexpected discovery, that the rust and corrosion-inhibiting properties of lubricating oil are significantly improved by addition of the combination of an oxyalkylated sorbitan tri-fatty acid ester, an oxyalkylated alkylphenol, especially an oxyethylated alkyl phenol, and an overbased metal detergent.
  • the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition formulated for use as a motor oil in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine comprising a lubricating oil and a corrosion-inhibiting additive characterised in that the composition comprises as additives for corrosion-inhibiting purposes an oxyalkylated sorbitan triester of a fatty acid in an amount of from 0.005 to 0.3 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition, an oxyethylated alkylphenol in an amount of from 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent based on the weight of the composition, and an overbased metal detergent.
  • the oxyalkylated sorbitan triester can be made by esterifying one mole of sorbitan with about three moles of fatty acid.
  • Preferred fatty acids contain about 10-20 carbon atoms. Examples of these are decanoic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, tall oil acids and the like.
  • the most preferred fatty acid is oleic acid or mixtures of fatty acids containing substantial amounts of oleic acid.
  • Esterification can be conducted by known methods such as by heating a mixture of sorbitan and fatty acid to distill out water.
  • a distillation aid such as xylene can be used.
  • the reaction forms a mixture in which the principal component is the triester although minor amounts of di- and tetraester might form. These will not interfere with the effectiveness of the product.
  • the sorbitan triester is then reacted with an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide.
  • the alkylene oxide reacts mainly with the free hydroxyl group on the sorbitan triester to form an oxyalkylene chain with a terminal hydroxyl group.
  • the length of the chain can be varied by adjusting the ratio of alkylene oxide to sorbitan tri-fatty acid ester.
  • Some of the alkylene oxide can react with the ester bond to insert oxyalkylene units between the sorbitan and the fatty acid.
  • the reaction is conducted until about 4-50 moles of alkylene oxide are reacted per mole of sorbitan tri-fatty acid ester.
  • a preferred range is about 10-30 moles of alkylene oxide and a most preferred coadditive is formed when an average of about 20 moles of alkylene oxide react per mole of sorbitan tri-fatty acid ester.
  • the preferred alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide which forms a chain of repeating ethyleneoxy units.
  • Suitable oxyalkylated sorbitan tri-fatty acid esters are available commercially. Atsurf 2822, a product of ICI United States, Inc., is an oxyethylated sorbitan trioleate containing an average of about 20 ethyleneoxy units per molecule. It is made by esterifying one mole of sorbitan with three moles of oleic acid followed by reaction with ethylene oxide. It is very effective in the present combination.
  • the alkylphenol contains about 4-12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. More preferably, the alkyl group contains about 7-12 carbon atoms such as heptylphenol, 2-ethyl- hexylphenol, decylphenol and dodecylphenol. The most preferred alkylphenol is nonylphenol.
  • the coadditive is made by reacting alkylphenol with ethylene oxide until the desired number of ethylenoxy groups are reacted.
  • ethylene oxide ethylene oxide
  • the most preferred additive is an ethoxylated nonylphenol containing an average of about 4 oxyethylene groups.
  • Such additives are commercially available.
  • One such additive is marketed by Monsanto Company under the name "Sterox ND”.
  • the amount of each additive used is such that the combination provides adequate corrosion and rust protection in an internal combustion engine and is from 0.005 to 0.3 weight percent of the oxyalkylated sorbitan triester and 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of the oxyethylated alkylphenol.
  • overbased metal detergents include overbased alkaline earth metal alkylbenzene sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, phenates, salicylates and the likes. Examples of these are overbased calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, overbased calcium petroleum sulfonate, over- based magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate, over- based calcium salicylate, overbased calcium alkylphenate, overbased magnesium alkylphenate sulfide and the like. Overbasing methods are well known.
  • alkylbenzene sulfonic acid having an equivalent weight of about 300-2,000 can be overbased by reaction with excess calcium oxide in the presence of water and methanol followed by carbon dioxide injection.
  • the colloidal alkaline earth metal base in these additives serve to neutralize acids in blow-by gases formed in combustion.
  • Coadditives may be included in a fully formulated crankcase lubricant.
  • dispersants such as the polyisobutyl succinimide of ethylenepolyamine and polyisobutyl- phenol Mannich condensates with formaldehyde and ethylenepolyamine.
  • Metal detergents such as calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, magnesium petroleum sulfonate, calcium salicylates and calcium alkylphenate are conventionally included.
  • Viscosity index improvers are generally added to improve viscosity property of the formulated oil. These include the polyalkylmeth- acrylate type and the olefin copolymer type. Examples of the latter are ethylene/propylene copolymer, styrene/butadiene copolymer and the like.
  • Phosphosulfurized olefins can be added such as phosphosulfurized terpenes or phosphosulfurized polybutenes. These may be further reacted by steam blowing or by neutralization with alkaline earth metal bases such as barium oxide.
  • Phenolic antioxidants are frequently added to the oil compositions. Examples of these are 4,4' - methylenebis - (2,6 - di - tert - butylphenol); 2,6 - di - tert - butyl - 4 - dimethyl- aminomethylphenol; 4,4' - thiobis - (2,6 - di - tert - butylphenol) and the like.
  • Zinc salts of dihydrocarbyldithiophosphoric acid are routinely added to provide both wear and antioxidant protection.
  • a typical example is zinc di - (2 - ethylhexyl) - dithiophosphate.
  • Example 1 illustrates the preparation of a typical formulated oil suitable for use in an engine crankcase.
  • the additive combination of this invention is first packaged in an additive concentrate formulated for addition to lubricating oil.
  • the invention provides an additive concentrate formulated for addition to lubricating oil characterised by a content, for corrosion-inhibiting purposes, of both an oxyalkylated sorbitan triester of a fatty acid and an oxyethylated alkylphenol.
  • These concentrates usually contain conventional additives such as those listed above in addition to the oxyalkylated sorbitan triester and ethoxylated alkylphenol described herein.
  • the various additives are present in a proper ratio such that when a quantity of the concentrate is added to lubricating oil the various additives are all present in the proper concentration.
  • the additive concentrate also contains mineral oil in order to maintain it in liquid form.
  • Example illustrates formulation of an additive concentrate formulated for addition to lubricating oil to provide an effective crankcase lubricant.
  • Standard multi-cylinder Sequence lid tests were carried out in a fully formulated oil containing a commercial succinimide ashless dispersant, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, a commercial viscosity index improver, a commercial 300 TBN overbased calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate and 0.3 weight percent Sterox ND and 0.03 weight percent Atsurf 2822.
  • a rust rating of 8.5 or above is a pass.
  • the test was conducted using two different base oils. Ratings of 8.5 and 8.7 were obtained. Both oils passed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Composition d'huile lubrifiante formulée en vue d'être utilisée comme huile moteur dans le carter d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une huile lubrifiante et un additif inhibiteur de corrosion, caractérisée en ce qu'elle renferme comme additifs en vue d'inhiber la corrosion un triester de sorbitanne oxyalkylé d'un acide gras en une quantité de 0,005 à 0,3% en poids sur la base du poids total de la composition, un alkylphénol oxyéthylé en une quantité de 0,01 à 0,5% en poids sur la base du poids de la composition et un détergent métallique rendu surbasique.
2. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en outre en ce que l'alkylphénol oxyéthylé contient environ 3-5 motifs éthylèneoxy.
3. Composition suivant la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en outre en ce que le triester de sorbitanne oxyalkylé est un trioléate de sorbitanee oxyéthylé.
4. Composition suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en outre en ce que le trioléate de sorbitanne oxyéthylé contient environ 4-50 motifs éthylèneoxy.
5. Composition suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en outre en ce que le trioléate de sorbitanne oxyéthylé contient environ 20 motifs éthylèneoxy.
6. Composition suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en outre en ce que l'alkylphénol oxyéthylé est un (alkyle en C4 à C12)-phénol oxyéthylé.
7. Composition suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en outre en ce que l'alkylphénol oxyéthylé est un nonylphénol oxyéthylé contenant en moyenne environ 4 motifs éthylèneoxy.
8. Composition suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en outre en ce qu'elle contient un dispersant sans cendres.
9. Concentré d'additif formulé en vue de son addition à une huile lubrifiante, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, en vue d'inhiber la corrosion, un triester de sorbitanne oxyalkylé d'un acide gras, un alkylphénol oxyéthylé et un détergent métallique rendu surbasique; le triester de sorbitanne oxyalkylé étant éventuellement tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, l'alkylphénol oxyéthylé étant éventuellement tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 6 ou 7 et le rapport de la quantité du triester à la quantité de l'alkylphénol étant compris dans la plage de 1 à 100:30 à 1.
10. Concentré d'additif formulé en vue de son addition à une huile lubrifiante et contenant un détergent métallique alcalino-terreux rendu surbasique et un dispersant sans cendres, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient également, aux fins de l'inhibition de la corrosion, un triester de sorbitanne oxyalkylé d'un acide gras et un (alkyle en C4 à C12)-phénol oxyéthylé.
EP79302596A 1978-11-15 1979-11-15 Composition d'huile lubrifiante et concentrat d'additif pour l'addition à de l'huile lubrifiante Expired EP0011497B1 (fr)

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JP (1) JPS5569695A (fr)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4278555A (en) * 1978-11-15 1981-07-14 Ethyl Corporation Lubricant composition
GB2065148A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-06-24 Cooper & Co Ltd Edwin Lubricating composition
JP2544560B2 (ja) * 1992-01-22 1996-10-16 エヌティエヌ株式会社 軸受封入用グリ―ス組成物
ES2160892T3 (es) * 1996-05-30 2001-11-16 Nalco Chemical Co Uso de una mezcla de tensioactivos para inhibir la corrosion.
US6136760A (en) * 1999-09-21 2000-10-24 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Reducing low temperature scanning brookfield gel index value in engine oils (LAW798)

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US2968621A (en) * 1955-06-28 1961-01-17 Sinclair Refining Co Acid-tolerating soluble oil composition
US2921027A (en) * 1957-07-26 1960-01-12 Pure Oil Co Anti-rust lubricating oil
US3872048A (en) * 1970-09-28 1975-03-18 Us Navy Hydraulic and lubricating oil composition
GB1501868A (en) * 1974-05-30 1978-02-22 Cooper Ltd Ethyl Corrosion inhibitors
CA1083756A (fr) * 1975-08-07 1980-08-19 Emery Industries, Inc. Pellicule protectrice anti-taches pour aluminium

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JPS5569695A (en) 1980-05-26
EP0011497A1 (fr) 1980-05-28
DE2964853D1 (en) 1983-03-24

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