Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
  • D06M15/277—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof containing fluorine
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
  • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
  • D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/34—Polyamides

Definitions

• This invention relates to novel soil-resistant yarns, to a process for producing such yarns and to fabrics made therefrom.
• the term "yarn” as used herein includes staple yarn and continuous filament yarn.
• the fluorochemical post treatment of carpets involves spraying or otherwise applying sufficient fluorochemical composition (i.e. fluorochemical in a suitable liquid medium, such as water or solvent) to the pile facing of a finished carpet to provide a desired wet pickup of fluorochemical and then drying the piling to remove the liquid and leave a coating of fluorochemical thereon.
• the treatment has several drawbacks.
• One drawback, particularly in the case of plus cut-pile carpets, is that only the surface of the carpet (exposed tuft ends) is protected, that is, coated with fluorochemical.
• the treatment does not penetrate down into the carpet and protect the middle and lower regions of the piling where soil tends to build up. As a result, the treatment protects (i.e. imparts soil resistance to) only a minor portion of the carpet piling.
• Another drawback is that the fluorochemical tends to be removed during normal use and cleaning of the carpets.
• the objects of this invention are accomplished by providing a yarn coated with an effective amount of a soil retardant, such as a fluorochemical, and with a retaining agent, such as zirconium oxide, in an amount sufficient to promote the retention of the soil retardant on the yarn.
• a soil retardant such as a fluorochemical
• a retaining agent such as zirconium oxide
• oil retardant means any material which when present as a coating on a yarn or fabric reduces the rate at which the yarn or fabric is soiled as determined by the "Laboratory Jar Soil Test" described hereinafter in Example 1.
• retaining agent means any material which when present in combination with a soil retardant as a coating on a yarn renders the soil retardant more tenaciously attached to the yarn than when the retaining agent is omitted from the coating as determined by said Laboratory Jar Soil Test.
• effective amount of soil retardant means an amount thereof sufficient to reduce the rate at which a yarn or fabric is soiled as determined by the Laboratory Jar Soil Test.
• the coating is applied to yarns by treating the yarns with an aqueous finish comprising the soil retardant (e.g. fluorochemical) and retaining agent or a retaining agent precursor.
• aqueous finish comprising the soil retardant (e.g. fluorochemical) and retaining agent or a retaining agent precursor.
• retaining agent precursor is meant a compound (such as a water-soluble metal salt) from which the retaining agent (such as metal oxide) is later formed.
• the aqueous finish is applied to the yarn as a spin finish.
• the retaining agent or its precursor may be applied to the yarn prior to or after application of the soil retardant thereto, for example, the retaining agent or its precursor may be applied to the yarn from a spin finish and then-the soil retardant may subsequently be applied to carpet piling prepared from the yarn, for example, from the dye bath used to dye the carpet or from a spray composition applied to the finished carpet.
• fluorochemical soil retardants are applied from the dye bath to yarn already coated with certain retaining agents or precursors thereof (e.g. metal oxides), it has been found that the retaining agent is more effective when the pH of the dye bath is adjusted to below about 5.0 (e.g. 2.8) with a mineral acid such as phosphoric acid.
• coated yarns of this invention owing to the presence of the retaining agent, soil at a slower rate and tend to have longer lasting anti-soiling properties than corresponding yarns from which the retaining agent is omitted from the coating (i.e. prior art yarns).
• Carpet pile fabrics prepared from the coated yarns can be subjected to carpet processing operations, such as dyeing, without substantial loss of soil-resistant properties.
• the retaining agent or its precursor is applied to carpet yarn at some point prior to the dyeing of the yarn (e.g. in a spin finish) and then the soil retardant is applied to the yarn, for example, by spraying the finished carpet with a composition comprising the soil retardant.
• the soil retardant is applied to the yarn, for example, by spraying the finished carpet with a composition comprising the soil retardant.
• Preferred soil retardants for use in practicing the present invention include fluorochemicals of the type described in the above-referenced patents.
• Particularly preferred fluorochemicals are those containing a fluorinated, preferably saturated, aliphatic radical which radical contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12, and the carbon-bonded fluorine content thereof is 40-78 weight percent, preferably 50-77 weight percent.
• the radical is a perfluoroalkyl, (R f ), i.e. C n F 2n+1 .
• the fluorochemical will contain 10 to 60% by weight, and preferably 15 to 45% by weight of carbon-bonded fluorine.
• fluorochemicals and their preparation are described in the patent literature such as, for example, in U.S. patents: 4,043,964; 4,043,923; 3,987,227; 3,916,053; 3,896,035 ; and 3,816,229 and are conveniently prepared, for example, by reacting a precursor fluorochemical amine or alcohol with a suitable anhydride or isocyanate, for example, the reaction of N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoethanol and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate in a mole ratio of 2:1 to provide a bis-urethane polymer containing 15 to 30% by weight fluorine.
• a precursor fluorochemical amine or alcohol with a suitable anhydride or isocyanate
• N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoethanol and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate in a mole ratio of 2:1 to provide a bis-urethane polymer containing 15
• soil retardants are usually polymeric, it is contemplated that monomeric soil retardants may also be used, for example, perfluorooctanoyl glycine.
• Preferred retaining agents for use with the soil retardants in accordance with the present invention are metal oxides, such as zirconium oxide, tin oxide and titanium oxide.
• the metal oxide coating on the yarn is provided by applying an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt of the metal (retaining agent precursor) to the yarn and then drying the yarn, whereby a metal oxide (retaining agent) coating is obtained on the yarn.
• a water-soluble salt of the metal (retaining agent precursor) include but are not limited to the acetate, chloride, bromide, oxalate, sulfate and nitrate salts of tin, zirconium and titanium. Tin and zirconium salts are preferred since tin and zirconium oxides in addition to functioning as retaining agents impart dry soil resistance to yarns and fabrics, a property not imparted thereto by fluorochemicals.
• metal oxide retaining agent and the mechanism by which it is formed from its-precursor are not fully understood. However, it is believed that the metal oxide coating is polymeric in nature and is formed from zirconium acetate by the following mechanism: where one or more of the oxygen atoms may be an OH + radical. (n is a number greater than 1.)
• metal oxide is used herein to include simple metal oxides (e.g. Zr0 2 ) and complex metal oxides (e.g. the zirconium oxide represented by the above structure).
• simple metal oxides e.g. Zr0 2
• complex metal oxides e.g. the zirconium oxide represented by the above structure.
• the retaining agent or its precursor is applied to the yarn from an aqueous spin finish.
• aqueous spin finish Useful retaining agent precursor-containing spin finishes are described in U.S. patent 3,592,684 and 3,620,823 and these patents are also incorporated herein by reference.
• the retaining agent precursor for example, zirconium acetate, may be applied to the yarn from the aqueous finish in an amount sufficient to coat the yarn with 775 to 1550 ppm zirconium oxide (measured as ZrO 2 ), that is, parts by weight of ZrO 2 per million parts by weight of fiber.
• the soil retardant for example, fluorochemical
• the soil retardant may be also applied to the yarn from the aqueous finish in amount sufficient to coat the yarn with 500 to 5,000 ppm of the fluorochemical. While the above-mentioned amounts of soil retardant and retaining agent have been found to produce favorable results, it is contemplated that any desired amount of the compounds may be used in combination with one another.
• the aqueous finish also contains a polyol in addition to the retaining agent (or its precursor) and soil retardant.
• the polyol not only serves as a lubricating agent to facilitate processing of the yarn, but in certain instances also significantly promotes the retention of the retaining agent (e.g. zirconium oxide) on the yarn.
• the term "polyol” as used herein means a compound consisting essentially of C, H and 0 atoms and containing two or more -OH groups. Polyol lubricating finish components for yarns are well-known in the art and are commercially available.
• polyols include alkylene glycols, polyalkylene glycols, poly(oxyalkylene) glycols, hydroxy ethers and hydroxy terminated polyethers, alkylene glycol-fatty acid condensation, and alcohols.
• Particularly useful polyols are those having terminal hydroxy, such as, polyethylene glycols having molecular weights (M.W. between 200 and 2000 and which are liquid at below about 60°C.
• the polyol and retaining agent or its precursor e.g. zirconium acetate
• the polyol and retaining agent or its precursor e.g. zirconium acetate
• the retaining agent or its precursor e.g. zirconium acetate
• substantially all of the polyol is removed from the yarn leaving only the retaining agent (e.g. zirconium oxide).
• aqueous finish when applied to carpet yarn will also contain a tube tension lubricant for tufting such as polyethylene glycol monooleate having a M.W. of 600.
• the aqueous finish may also contain a viscosity reducer for the lubricating agent and/or other additives, such as antistats, as desired.
• water-insoluble components or lipophylic dispersed or suspended components in the.finish tend to reduce or negate the effect of the soil retardants and, therefore, such components are preferably omitted from aqueous finishes used in practicing the present invention.
• the yarns of this invention may be composed of natural or synthetic fibers, for example, fibers of nylon (e.g. nylon 66 or nylon 6), polyester (e.g. PET), polyolefin, acrylic, modacrylic, wool, cotton, and mixtures thereof.
• nylon e.g. nylon 66 or nylon 6
• polyester e.g. PET
• polyolefin acrylic, modacrylic, wool, cotton, and mixtures thereof.
• a commercial nylon 66 as-spun carpet yarn having 68 filaments of trilobal cross-section with a modification ratio (MR) of 1.67 and a denier of about 3850 (4278 dtex) was prepared.
• MR modification ratio
• component B component B consisted of deionized water. The amount of component A applied to the yarn was about 1.2%.
• Two ends of the as-spun yarn were combined and draw textured using-a conventional gear-type texturing head and a draw pin temperature of about 165°C. The ends were combined on the draw pin before texturing.
• the draw ratio was adjusted to provide a yarn having a denier of 2460 (2733 dtex) and a bulk ranging between 2 .9 and 31.2%.
• the yarn was tufted into a white Typar ® spun-bonded polyester fabric backing (primary backing) to give a carpet sample having 22.6 ounces of greige piling per square yard of carpet (0.767 Kg/m2), 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) pile height using a Singer 1/8-inch (3.18 mm) gauge tufting machine.
• Typar is a trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Company for fabric backing.
• the carpet was blank dyed in a stainless steel beaker at the boil for 60 minutes with a 40:1 liquor (1.0% of a nonionic surface-active agent, 0.25% sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.0% trisodium phosphate and 97.75% deionized water) to goods (carpet) ratio.
• a 40:1 liquor (1.0% of a nonionic surface-active agent, 0.25% sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.0% trisodium phosphate and 97.75% deionized water
• the time to reach the boiling point of the liquor (dye bath) was about 20 minutes.
• the sample was stirred occasionally during boiling, rinsed 3 times with deionized water and dried in the laboratory atmosphere.
• the pH of the dye bath was 10.6.
• the blank dyed carpet was then tested for soil resistance using the laboratory jar soiling test.
• the primary backing of each strip was taped (using two-face tape) to one side of a 2 x 3 1/4 inch (5.08 cm x 8.26 cm) piece of cardboard and the primary backing of the other strip was taped in the same manner to the other side of the cardboard.
• the 5% oily soil consisted of 0.2% furnace black, 1.4% animal charcoal, 1% to 5% mineral oil (e.g. 5% oil soil consists of 5% mineral oil), and the remainder of the soil (i.e.
• the 1st soiling interval was 1 minute, the 2nd was 4 minutes, the 3rd was 10 minutes, the 4th was 30 minutes, the 5th was 90 minutes, and the 6th was 270 minutes.
• new soil was charged to the jar (once used soil was discarded).
• the % of original yarn brightness (Yo) retained by the sample after each soiling interval and cleaning was determined by the formula Y/Yo x 100, where Y is the brightness of the soiled sample after cleaning.
• a soiling curve for the sample was then prepared by plotting Y/Yo x 100 values against the log of the corresponding soiling time (i.e. soiling interval) on semi-logarithmic paper.
• Yo and Y values were measured with a model 610 Photovolt Reflectance Meter fitted with a green tristimulus filter. To determine each Y and Yo value four readings were made (2 readings on each face of the sample) and averaged. By selecting the soiling intervals as specified above (i.e. 1, 4, 10, 30, 90 and 270 minutes) the space between each time on the semi-logarithmic paper is the same. From the curve the soiling times required for the sample to soil to 85% (t 85 ) and 80% (t 80 ) of its original brightness were determined and found to be 2.0 minutes and 3.5 minutes, respectively.
• a blank dyed carpet soiling sample was prepared and tested as described in Example 1 except that the spin finish contained zirconium (added as zirconium acetate) as an additional component in an amount sufficient to coat the yarn with 1160 ppm of zirconium oxide measured as ZrO 2 .
• a curve was prepared on semi-logarithmic paper and the t 85 and t 80 values were determined as described in Example 1. In this instance t 85 was 8 and t 80 was 12.
• a blank dyed carpet soiling sample was prepared and tested as described in Example 2 except that the spin finish contained a fluorochemical- containing aqueous emulsion (F-I) as an additional component in an amount sufficient to coat the yarn with 2000 ppm thereof.
• the aqueous emulsion (F-I) comprised 6.5% methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK), and 45% solids camprising (i) a bis-urethaneprepared by the reaction of N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoethanol and tolylene diisocyanate in a 2:1 mole ratio and (ii) a vinyl polder.
• the ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 72:28 and the fluorine content of the emulsion is 17.7%.
• a coating of 2000 ppm of the emulsion provides 159.3 ppm F (0.45 x 0.177 x 2000) on the yarn.
• a blank dyed carpet soiling sample was prepared and tested as described in Example 3 except that the dye bath contained phosphoric acid as an additional component in an amount sufficient to provide 1% thereof on weight of goods (o.w.g.), i.e., carpet sample.
• the pH of the dye bath was 2.6.
• t 80 was 21 and t 85 was 37.
• a blank dyed carpet soiling sample was prepared and tested as described in Example 3 except that in this instant instead of the fluorochemical- containing aqueous emulsion the finish contained an equivalent amount of an aqueous dispersion of a polytetrafluoroethylene (F-II) obtained commercially under the name Zepel C-3F® (a trademark of duPont).
• F-II polytetrafluoroethylene
• Zepel C-3F® a trademark of duPont
• a blank dyed carpet soiling sample (6) was prepared and tested in the manner described in Example 5 except that sufficient phosphoric acid was added to the dye bath to provide 1.0% phosphoric acid o.w.g. (pH of dye bath 2.6). In this instance t 80 was 21 and t 85 was 37.
• the above examples illustrate the beneficial soil-resistant results obtained in accordance with the present invention.
• the data indicates (Example 4 vs 3 or 6 vs 5) that the soil resistance is maximized by using an inorganic acid (e.g. phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid) to provide a low dye bath pH (e.g. pH of 2.6).
• inorganic acids mineral acids
• organic acids e.g. 1.0% acetic acid or formic acid o.w.g.
• blank dyed carpet soiling samples (8A, 8B and 8C) were prepared and tested as described in Example 7 except that the finish contained sufficient zirconium acetate to coat the yarn with 775 ppm of zirconium oxide measured as-Zr0 2 and the dye bath contained sufficient F-I to coat the yarn with 2000 ppm thereof.
• the pH of the dye bath was 2.8 for 8A, 4.8 for 8B and 5.7 for 8C.
• the piling of a blank dyed carpet samples (8D) prepared as described in Example 1 was sprayed with F-I to provide 0.5% F-I thereon.
• 8A, 8B and 8C each had higher t 80 and t B5 values than 8D (i.e. soiled slower) with 8A having the highest t values followed by 8B and 8C, respectively.
• This example illustrates the importance of using a mineral acid to lower dye bath pH.
• carpet soiling samples were made and tested using various acids and mixtures thereof to determine the effect thereof on soiling rate.
• acetic acid or formic acid is used to lower dye bath pH of yarns treated as described in Example 3
• carpet samples made therefrom soil almost as rapidly as the carpet samples prepared as described in Example 1 (control).
• 0.1% o.w.g. of phosphoric acid to a formic acid-containing dye bath (1.0%, pH 3.0)
• the use of sulfuric acid to lower dye bath pH was found to produce results similar to those obtained when phosphoric acid was used.
• This example illustrates the desirability of imparting soil-resistance to the yam from which the carpet piling is made rather than to the surface of the finished carpet.
• Each carpet sample had a pile height of 3/4 inch (1.9 cm), 40 ounces of greige piling per square yard (1.357 Kg/m 2 ) of carpet and a gauge of 1/8 inch (3.18 mm).
• carpet samples 10A and 10B were viewed from the top (i.e. perpendicular to the pile facing), the samples appeared to possess about the same soil-resistant properties, carpet sample 10B perhaps appearing to be slightly less soiled. However; when the samples were viewed from the side (i.e.
• the lower portion of the tufts of sample 10A i.e. that portion of the tufts that had not been exposed to the F-1 topical treatment
• the lower portion of the tufts of sample 10B was not (the lower and top portions were both soil-resistant to the same extent).
• the entire length of the tufts of Sample 10B were uniformly soil-resistant, whereas only the top portion of the tufts of Sample 10A were soil-resistant.
• This example illustrates the beneficial effect of having both a retaining agent and fluorochemical in the aqueous finish applied to carpet yarn.
• carpet soiling samples were prepared and tested to determine their t 80 as described in Example 1.
• the pH of the dye bath was adjusted to 2.8 by addition of H 3 P0 4 thereto.
• a spin finish was applied to each yarn used in making the carpet samples.
• the amount of zirconium oxide measured as Zr0 2 and the amount of fluorocarbon applied to the yarn from the finish is given in the following table along with the t 80 value of each yarn.
• the yarn was coated with the retaining agent by applying a retaining agent precursor to the yarn from a spin finish.
• the retaining agent or its precursor and soil retardant may be applied to yarn at any time during or after preparation of the yarn or during or after construction of fabrics made from yarn (e.g. carpets, apparel, etc.), for example, the retaining agent or its precursor and soil retardant may be applied to the yarn from a finish other than a spin finish (e.g.
• the retaining agent or its precursor and soil retardant are applied to the carpet yarn prior to tufting and then if the tufts are subsequently sheared as in the case of a cut-pile saxony construction, an over-spray containing both a retaining agent or a precursor thereof and soil retardant (the same as or different from those applied previously to the yarn) is applied to the sheared tuft ends
• retaining agents, retaining agent precursors and soil retardants other than those specifically illustrated in the examples may be used in carrying out the invention.
• Those illustrated in the examples are commercially available and, therefore, are presently preferred.
• the invention encompasses any yarn coated with a coating comprising a fluorochemical (or other soil retardant) and retaining agent which coating provides yarn having a slower soiling rate than when the retaining agent is omitted from the coatings
• the invention has been illustrated with reference to carpets where soiling is a particular problem, the invention is also useful for apparel applications or other textile applications.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

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• 1980
  • 1980-03-25 ES ES489879A patent/ES489879A0/es active Granted
  • 1980-03-25 EP EP80300925A patent/EP0016658A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1980-03-26 JP JP4010280A patent/JPS55132768A/ja active Pending
  • 1980-03-26 ZA ZA00801782A patent/ZA801782B/xx unknown
  • 1980-03-26 CA CA000348448A patent/CA1170384A/fr not_active Expired

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