EP0020792B1 - Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger hochfester Automatenstahl - Google Patents

Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger hochfester Automatenstahl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020792B1
EP0020792B1 EP79101820A EP79101820A EP0020792B1 EP 0020792 B1 EP0020792 B1 EP 0020792B1 EP 79101820 A EP79101820 A EP 79101820A EP 79101820 A EP79101820 A EP 79101820A EP 0020792 B1 EP0020792 B1 EP 0020792B1
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weight
steel
cutting
stresses
steels
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EP79101820A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0020792A1 (de
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Henrik Giflo
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a free-cutting steel, capable of withstanding dynamic stresses and having a high resistance, even without quenching, as well as an excellent capacity for machining by removing material, which is intended for manufacturing, on machines. machines working by removing chips, machine elements with high resistance and intended to be highly stressed.
  • alloyed chipbreaker and surface lubricator elements in fact constitute impurities in the steel, they determine to some extent the parameters of the mechanical properties of free-cutting steels, and in particular their resistance to dynamic stresses , but even sometimes their mechanical resistance.
  • good machinability by removing material and with chips of a good shape constitutes, for a steel capable of withstanding great stresses, even without hardening, such an economic advantage, not only for automatic machines but also for any mode of machining by chip removal, that the time and money devoted to the production of the final product represent, under favorable conditions, only a fraction of the current expenditure in time and money.
  • the steels of the first group cannot be subjected to a heat treatment, those of the second group can undergo hardening during their use, and finally those of the third group are able to undergo a quenching treatment or quenching followed by tempering.
  • the following steels can be mentioned, which belong to the three groups:
  • These steels generally contain 0.07 to 0.65% (by weight) of C, maximum 0.40% (by weight) of Si, 0.30 to 1.10% (by weight) of Mn, 0.15 at 0.40% (by weight) of S, at most 0.10% (by weight) of P; in addition, some shades also contain at least 0.15% (by weight) of Pb, 0.80 to 1.50% (by weight) of Cr, 0.15 to 0.50% (by weight) of Mo and 0.05% (by weight) of Se.
  • the parameters of non-heat treated steels served as a basis for comparison.
  • the tensile strength of these steels is without cold deformation between 290 and 900 N / mm 2 and in the cold drawn state it is between 370 and 1100 N / mm 2 ( 2 ), values to which a limit corresponds of apparent elasticity between 24 and 66 (da N / mm 2 ) and an elongation between 5 and 10%.
  • a group of currently known free-cutting steels therefore has a relatively good mechanical resistance, which can be adjusted to the desired values by a quenching or tempering treatment, but the plasticity of these steels and their resistance to dynamic stresses no longer satisfy the current requirements.
  • French Patent No. 2,246,650 describes elongated castings made of steel with added lead.
  • the basic combination for ordinary carbon steels can be the following range: and that for alloyed steels, the basic composition may optionally contain 1 or more of the following alloying cements:
  • the practical embodiments of this document do not describe any steel containing elements other than the five elements mentioned above in addition to iron.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop such a high strength free-cutting steel, having an excellent ability to be machined by removing material and intended for the manufacture of machine elements subjected to high stresses, steel which does not only presents, without quenching, a high resistance to dynamic stresses, but which can, moreover, be machined with a formation of chips suitable for automatic machines.
  • the steel produced according to the present invention contains, in addition to iron, 0.20 to 0.70% (by weight) of C, 1.20 to 3.00% (by weight) of Mn, maximum 1.00% (by weight) of Si, maximum 0.04% (by weight) of P, 0.05 to 0.11% (by weight) of S, at least 0.10% (by weight) of Pb, 0.001 to 0.03% (by weight) of Ca, 0.001 to 0.005% (by weight) of B, 0.007 to 0.035% (by weight) of N, 0.03 to 0.20% (by weight) of Nb and / or V, maximum 0.25% (by weight) of Zr and / or Ce, maximum 0.20% (by weight) of Be and / or Bi and at most 1.00% (by weight) of Mo and / or Ni.
  • composition more particularly preferred according to the invention comprises, in addition to iron and usual residual elements, the elements in the following proportions:
  • alloyed elements ensure that the steel, when in the relationship according to the present invention, and without quenching, has sufficient mechanical strength, while retaining the necessary plasticity; other alloyed elements ensure that the chips have an appropriate ability to fragment, without causing a reduction in the resistance of the steel to dynamic stresses, and said steel according to the present invention also contains alloyed elements which contribute to the increase in power lubricating metal surfaces in contact with each other, and, therefore, the excellent suitability of this steel for machining by removing material.
  • the steel according to the present invention Due to its chemical composition, the steel according to the present invention has a relatively high mechanical resistance, even in the rolled state, so that a single calibration train is sufficient to achieve the section necessary for the automatic removal of chips. and that the reduction in section which had to be carried out so far in order to provide the free cutting steel with an appropriate mechanical strength which required a lot of work can be omitted.
  • the steel according to the present invention has an excellent ability to be machined by removing material, and the ratio of the alloyed elements according to the present invention allows - with parameters suitable for removing material - to obtain sufficiently small chips, even without chipbreakers, as well as good lubrication and very good surface quality, which makes it possible to significantly increase the material removal parameters used.
  • the steel according to the present invention can be quenched or treated by quenching followed by tempering, both by normal heat treatment and by induction treatment, the surface hardness can therefore, if necessary, be established and regulated by simple way and on a wide range.
  • the steel according to the present invention combines the high resistance to dynamic stresses of mechanical steels, unalloyed or weakly alloyed, with the excellent machinability by removal of material presented by free-cutting steels, and this in addition to a mechanical resistance obtained without quenching and which meet the needs of most modern machine elements.
  • the manufacturing process for these steels consists in developing in a furnace a charge comprising, in addition to the iron and the elements indicated above, then refining in metallurgical equipment equipped with pockets, then casting, rolling and on cooling.
  • Loads 1 and 3 were produced in a 70 t arc furnace and poured into 6.4 t shells with a square profile.
  • the ingots were produced by rolling without surface cleaning, under normal conditions, in the form of square ingots having an edge length of 210 mm, then then transformed by rolling into steel rounds with a diameter of 16 mm, that have been air-cooled on coolers.
  • Load 2 was produced by melting in a 60 t arc furnace, then refined in a metallurgical installation equipped with pockets. The molten metal was poured into a four-die continuous casting installation with a square profile, the edge length of the billets being 240 mm.
  • the billets were transformed, by rolling, into steel rods with a diameter of 20 mm, which were then air-cooled on coolers.
  • the results of the tests carried out are shown in the following tables: 1.3. Suitability for machining by removing material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger, auch ohne Härten hochfester Automatenstahl, der auch ausgezeichnete Verarbeitungseigenschaften für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung aufweist und zur Herstellung von Maschinenteilen bestimmt ist, die großen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er außer Eisen 0,20 bis 0,70 Gew.% Kohlenstoff, 1,20 bis 3,00 Gew.% Mn, maximal 1,00 Gew.% Si, maximal 0,04 Gew.% P, 0,05 bis 0,11 Gew.% S, mindestens 0,10 Gew.% Pb, 0,001 bis 0,03 Gew.% Ca, 0,001 bis 0,005 Gew.% B, 0,007 bis 0,035 Gew.% N, 0,03 bis 0,20 Gew.% Nb und/oder V, maximal 0,25 Gew.% Zr und/oder Ce, maximal 0,2 Gew.% Be und/oder Bi und maximal 1,00 Gew.% Mo und/oder Ni enthält.
2. Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger, auch ohne Härten hochfester Automatenstahl, der auch ausgezeichnete Verarbeitungseingenschaften für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung aufweist und zur Herstellung von Maschinenteilen bestimmt ist, die großen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er außer Eisen und den üblichen, in Spuren vorhandenen Elementen die folgenden Elemente in den nachstehenden Verhältnissen enthält:
Figure imgb0011
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähigen, auch ohne Härten hochfesten Automatenstahles, der auch ausgezeichnete Verarbeitungseigenschaften für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung aufweist und zur Herstellung von Maschinenteilen bestimmt ist, die großen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem Ofen eine Charge, die außer Eisen 0,20 bis 0,70 Gew.% C, 1,20 bis 3,00 Gew.% Mn, maximal 1,00 Gew.% Si, maximal 0,04 Gew.% P, 0,05 bis 0,11 Gew.% S, mindestens 0,10 Gew.% Pb, 0,001 bis 0,03 Gew.% Ca, 0,00 bis 0,005 Gew.% B, 0,007 bis 0,035 Gew.% N, 0,03 bis 0,20 Gew.% Nb und/oder V, maximal 0,25 Gew.% Zr und/oder Ce, maximal 0,2 Gew.% Be und/oder Bi und maximal 1,00 Gew.% Mo und/oder Ni enthält, erschmolzen, anschließend in einer mit einer Pfanne versehenen metallurgischen Anlage gefrischt, vergossen, gewalzt und abgekühlt wird.
EP79101820A 1979-06-08 1979-06-08 Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger hochfester Automatenstahl Expired EP0020792B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE7979101820T DE2967319D1 (en) 1979-06-08 1979-06-08 High-strength freely machinable steel capable of sustaining dynamic forces
AT79101820T ATE10652T1 (de) 1979-06-08 1979-06-08 Gegen dynamische beanspruchungen widerstandsfaehiger hochfester automatenstahl.
EP79101820A EP0020792B1 (de) 1979-06-08 1979-06-08 Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger hochfester Automatenstahl

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79101820A EP0020792B1 (de) 1979-06-08 1979-06-08 Gegen dynamische Beanspruchungen widerstandsfähiger hochfester Automatenstahl

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020792A1 EP0020792A1 (de) 1981-01-07
EP0020792B1 true EP0020792B1 (de) 1984-12-05

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EP (1) EP0020792B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE10652T1 (de)
DE (1) DE2967319D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1301489C (en) * 1986-06-10 1992-05-26 St. Marie, Thomas A. Cold drawn free-machining resulfurized and rephosphorized steel bars having controlled mechanical properties and controlled machinability
RU2167954C2 (ru) * 1998-05-19 2001-05-27 Азербайджанский Технический Университет Конструкционная сталь
DE202011003983U1 (de) 2011-03-15 2011-05-12 Bürkert Werke GmbH Lichtwellenleiterkupplung
CN114875322A (zh) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-09 湖南华菱涟钢特种新材料有限公司 钢材及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT337746B (de) * 1973-10-03 1977-07-11 Inland Steel Co Langliche, mit blei behandelte stahlgussstucke
US4115111A (en) * 1973-11-13 1978-09-19 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Free-cutting structural steel for machines
ZA75241B (en) * 1974-08-14 1976-01-28 Inland Steel Co Leaded steel bar
FR2338995A1 (fr) * 1976-01-23 1977-08-19 Marrel Freres Acier a grain fin a usinabilite amelioree
FR2395323A1 (fr) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-19 Pompey Acieries Acier de construction a grains fins, a usinabilite amelioree

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DE2967319D1 (en) 1985-01-17
EP0020792A1 (de) 1981-01-07
ATE10652T1 (de) 1984-12-15

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