EP0024307A1 - Dispositif pour la compensation du champ magnétique parasite d'un objet à l'aide d'une installation d'auto-protection magnétique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la compensation du champ magnétique parasite d'un objet à l'aide d'une installation d'auto-protection magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024307A1
EP0024307A1 EP19800104270 EP80104270A EP0024307A1 EP 0024307 A1 EP0024307 A1 EP 0024307A1 EP 19800104270 EP19800104270 EP 19800104270 EP 80104270 A EP80104270 A EP 80104270A EP 0024307 A1 EP0024307 A1 EP 0024307A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
probe
probes
compensation
magnetic
differential field
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EP19800104270
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0024307B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dr. Nissen
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F13/00—Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G9/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines
    • B63G9/06—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines for degaussing vessels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • MES magnetic self-protection systems
  • three field measuring probes are provided outside the magnetic interference range of the ship, preferably on a non-magnetic mast tip, which control the excitation of power amplifiers via a field measuring device, which in turn supply currents for the compensation windings of the system.
  • the three field measuring probes should be arranged individually or preferably rotatably together and the field measuring devices and power amplifiers should be equipped with special devices for negative feedback and thus for uninterrupted self-monitoring of the entire system.
  • DE-PS 977 846 shows that the geometric interference field gradients arising from the ship and occurring in the associated probe pairs are used to control the MES windings. With this procedure automatic self-compensation in the manner of a closed control loop may be possible.
  • the polarity of the measuring effect can be used to determine the direction of the magnetic field strength an inhomogeneous magnetic field, e.g. B. the own field of a ship can be closed if it is known to which side of the probe the absolute amounts of the magnetic field strength decrease or increase.
  • a gradient probe can be used according to FIG. 1 to compensate for the magnetic self-field 1 of an object 2.
  • the arrangement of a gradient magnetometer probe 3 is shown.
  • the probe is located away from object 2 to be compensated. It is attached approximately in the radial direction to object 2. This "being away" from the magnetic center of gravity already fulfills the above-mentioned condition due to the distance law for the magnetic field of the object.
  • a polarity reversal of the stray field results in a clear polarity reversal of the probe effect at the deflection of the Magnetomeier display instrument 4, as shown in FIG. 2, when the probe is only able to detect components of the object's own field.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with which magnetic changes can be detected on the spot and the corresponding compensation means can be influenced directly using a much more precise field probe.
  • the gradients here are particularly large due to the magnetic distance limit, which means that the accuracy requirements do not have to be very great.
  • the influence of magnetic inhomogeneities of the object is particularly disruptive, e.g. B. in ships, the structures, frames, devices, etc.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the arrangement of a gradient magnetometer probe in the magnetic earth field
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the coupling of the probe to the compensation winding
  • FIG. 5 shows a rotatable magnetometer probe
  • FIG. 6 one way of reducing the number of probes
  • Figures 7 to 9 further examples of reducing the number of probes.
  • the probe and the compensation winding are coupled to one another in such a way that the measuring effect of the probe 3 at the output of a gradient magnetometer 5 is integrated via an integration element 6, for example an electronic integration element, an integration amplifier or a computer.
  • the output signal of the integration element is then supplied to a power element 7 as electrical voltage.
  • a DC power amplifier can be used for this.
  • the power element 7 supplies the current for a compensation winding 8 (MES winding) with which the magnetometer electronics 5 to 7 are permanently connected in such a way that the magnetic field generated, or a component thereof, is directed opposite the measured field.
  • MES winding compensation winding 8
  • Such a combination can be used to compensate for an object 2 and / or parts of an object wherever the compensation of a specific stray field component is considered necessary.
  • components 9, 10 and 11 are provided for the X, Y and Z directions.
  • the probe for performing the method is improved in such a way that it is rotatably supported about its longitudinal axis according to FIG.
  • two non-magnetic ball bearings 13 and 14 and a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric motor, preferably a synchronous motor, are provided.
  • the probe can also be rotated by hand, with wind power or by means of the travel current. Because of the inevitable misalignment of the two anti-parallel sensors 15 and 16, which are shown exaggeratedly obliquely in the figure, both sensors produce a more or less large interaction.
  • the two interfering effects are usually different in size and out of phase with one another. Both interactions are subtracted after the usual switching of gradient magnetometers.
  • slip rings 17 (mercury slip rings), inductive or capacitive transmitters or
  • Radio transmitters are used. In this case, it is advisable to use the entire electronics 18 of the magnetometer or parts thereof, e.g. B. circulate miniaturized form together with the probe.
  • Torsional vibrations have the advantage that the sensors can be connected to the downstream links by means of cables.
  • the number of probes required to compensate for an object can be reduced. Instead of using three probes, one for the V, L and H windings corresponding to the Z, X and Y directions, a single probe 19 according to FIG. 6 is sufficient if it is skewed to the coil directions X. , Y and Z is arranged.
  • This probe can be a fixed or rotating probe. If a component of the object to be demagnetized is of particular importance; so the angular position of the probe is closer to this direction than another less important one.
  • the resultant measuring effect contains the measuring effects of the X, Y and Z components as one quantity.
  • Another possibility of making the gradient measurement effect zero and thus the natural field of the object to be compensated is to transfer the control of the current direction for the compensation windings to special field probes which detect the direction of the natural field of the object. If e.g. B. a V, L and H winding are provided, a triple probe for the X, Y and Z directions is to be used.
  • the rotating probe is to consciously rotate a sensor in a certain direction deviating from an ideal position, and preferably by an angle that lies outside the angular tolerance of the sensors. Since the direction of the misalignment of the sensor is thus known, the resulting measuring effect of this sensor can be used to infer the field direction at the location of the sensor. The greatest measuring effect occurs with the rotating position of the probe, where the measuring direction of the sensor and the field direction come closest. However, both sensors can also be tilted in the manner described.
  • probe 20 measures the gradient of the X component, probe 21 that of the Y component, and probe 22 that of the Z component.
  • the probe base then receives exactly or only approximately a radial direction (gradient direction) to the object.
  • gradient direction a radial direction
  • the sensors in the probes in a different way. Although they are always to be installed antiparallel, the sensors receive the direction of the corresponding field direction to be measured. All sensors can also be combined in one probe (FIG. 8), or one sensor each takes over, crooked, the function of more than one sensor (FIG.
  • the probes should be set up in a known manner, if possible, where probe zero coincides with the object's own field zero.
  • the compensation principle according to the invention only requires that the gradient effect measured by the probe and the compensation effect caused by the compensation winding go together towards zero. A linear relationship or other established relationship need not be fulfilled.
  • the gain between the measuring effect and the compensation current is also adjustable. This can compensate for unavoidable, annoying induction effects in the vicinity of the probe. But it can also be one special auxiliary compensation winding for the inductively acting fault, which affects the probe, are attached. Their exposure is to be determined and set by means of a magnetic measurement.
  • the gradient magnetometer can continue. be provided with a signal display in order to make it possible to detect extreme loads or faults.
  • a measuring instrument or an optical or acoustic display device can be used for this purpose. This is particularly necessary when an effect that can no longer be compensated occurs.
  • the sensor and the electronics are advantageously to be manufactured according to the modular principle.
  • the compensation described using the gradient measurement method is predestined for protecting ships from gradient mines. However, it can also be used for devices, engines, land vehicles, armored vehicles and for controlling the compensation of interference-free spaces and rooms or for measuring purposes.
  • the rotating probe makes it possible to dispense with the precision required in the manufacture of the gradient probes currently used.
  • a Hall sensor can also be used for the rotating probe.
  • the rotary probe is suitable for self-measurement, in particular it can be towed behind a ship or pulled longitudinally or transversely under the ship or attached freely or tensioned or carried out by a dinghy.
  • the measurement also benefits from the gyro effect of the rotating probe, which has to be deliberately amplified. It can be driven by the traction current via impellers.
  • the gradient probe can be attached in the sonar dome under a ship.
  • the object's own field is created by permanent, inductive or magnetostrictive magnetism.
  • the compensation is also independent of the course, latitude and longitude. It is both for roll effects can also be used for stamping and rolling effects. Alternating fields can also be compensated for. Any change in the own field can be compensated for independently.
  • the rotation probe can also be used to find magnetic objects, ships, submarines, etc. For this purpose, it can be used from ships, aircraft or land vehicles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
EP19800104270 1979-07-24 1980-07-19 Dispositif pour la compensation du champ magnétique parasite d'un objet à l'aide d'une installation d'auto-protection magnétique Expired EP0024307B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2929964 1979-07-24
DE19792929964 DE2929964C2 (de) 1979-07-24 1979-07-24 Verfahren zur Kompensation von magnetischen Störfeldern von Objekten mittels magnetischer Eigenschutzanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024307A1 true EP0024307A1 (fr) 1981-03-04
EP0024307B1 EP0024307B1 (fr) 1984-03-28

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ID=6076631

Family Applications (1)

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EP19800104270 Expired EP0024307B1 (fr) 1979-07-24 1980-07-19 Dispositif pour la compensation du champ magnétique parasite d'un objet à l'aide d'une installation d'auto-protection magnétique

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EP (1) EP0024307B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2929964C2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2559303A1 (fr) * 1984-02-04 1985-08-09 Licentia Gmbh Procede applicable dans une installation magnetique d'autoprotection reglee par des champs perturbateurs
FR2569650A1 (fr) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-07 Bofors Ab Procede et appareil de reduction des effets des caracteristiques magnetiques d'elements de navire mobiles en azimut et en hauteur
EP0247367A1 (fr) * 1986-04-29 1987-12-02 Bundesrepublik Deutschland vertr. durch d. Bundesm. d. Vert. vertr. durch den Präs. d. Bundesamt. für Wehrtech. u. Beschaffung Procédé pour régler une installation magnétique pour l'autoprotection servant à la compensation du champs magnétique perturbateur d'un véhicule, notamment un navire
EP0356146A3 (fr) * 1988-08-19 1990-07-04 The Marconi Company Limited Assemblage d'aimant

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3936985C2 (de) * 1989-11-07 1994-12-22 Bundesrep Deutschland Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation von objekteigenen magnetischen Störfeldern, insbesondere bei Schiffen, mittels feldgeregelter magnetischer Eigenschutzanlage
DE9013208U1 (de) * 1990-09-18 1991-01-10 Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik u. Beschaffung, 5400 Koblenz Vorrichtung zur Kompensation des von Schiffseinbaugruppen verursachten magnetischen Störfeldes
RU2119690C1 (ru) * 1997-08-22 1998-09-27 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственный центр "Технология и эффективность" Многофункциональная система размагничивания ферромагнитных объектов

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752564A (en) * 1947-01-14 1956-06-26 Clifford M Ryerson Apparatus for detecting a magnetic field
US2832041A (en) * 1952-12-31 1958-04-22 Trachtenberg Murray Automatic system for degaussing control
US3063422A (en) * 1960-06-13 1962-11-13 Joel H Gregowski Electromechanical device
US3110282A (en) * 1960-08-24 1963-11-12 Friedrich M O Foerster Degaussing control
DE977727C (de) * 1958-09-14 1968-11-14 Friedrich Dr Foerster Einrichtung zur Steuerung von magnetischen Eigenschutzanlagen gegen die Wirkung des induzierten Anteiles des magnetischen Momentes von Schiffen
DE977836C (de) * 1960-07-23 1971-06-16 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Kompensation von Wechselfeldern auf Fahrzeugen, insbesondere Schiffen
DE977914C (de) * 1958-09-21 1972-11-23 Foerster Inst Dr Friedrich Verfahren zum Schutze von Schiffen vor Sprengkoerpern, z. B. Minen oder Torpedos, mit magnetischer Zuendung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1085253B (de) * 1957-02-12 1960-07-14 Siemens Ag Elektrisches Messgeraet mit einem Hall-Generator
DE977881C (de) * 1958-09-17 1972-01-20 Friedrich Dr Foerster Verfahren zur Kompensation des magnetischen Stoerfeldes von aus ferromagnetischen Bauteilen bestehenden Einheiten, insbesondere auf Schiffen mit unmagnetischer Aussenhaut
DE977817C (de) * 1959-04-16 1971-01-28 Friedrich Dr Foerster Einrichtung zur Kompensation des magnetischen Wirbelstromstoerfeldes, das durch einen metallischen Hohlkoerper bei dessen Bewegung im Erdfeld entsteht
DE977788C (de) * 1959-06-06 1970-04-16 Foerster Inst Dr Friedrich Verfahren zur Steuerung magnetischer Eigenschutzanlagen von Schiffen
DE977906C (de) * 1959-07-29 1972-09-07 Friedrich Dr Phil Foerster Verfahren zur Kompensation des magnetischen Stoerfeldes von aus ferromagnetischen Bauteilen (Stoerkoerpern) bestehenden Einheiten, insbesondere auf Schiffen mit unmagnetischer Aussenhaut
DE977846C (de) * 1960-06-05 1971-09-02 Friedrich Dr Foerster Verfahren zur Kompensation der magnetischen Erdfeldstoerung durch Schiffe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752564A (en) * 1947-01-14 1956-06-26 Clifford M Ryerson Apparatus for detecting a magnetic field
US2832041A (en) * 1952-12-31 1958-04-22 Trachtenberg Murray Automatic system for degaussing control
DE977727C (de) * 1958-09-14 1968-11-14 Friedrich Dr Foerster Einrichtung zur Steuerung von magnetischen Eigenschutzanlagen gegen die Wirkung des induzierten Anteiles des magnetischen Momentes von Schiffen
DE977914C (de) * 1958-09-21 1972-11-23 Foerster Inst Dr Friedrich Verfahren zum Schutze von Schiffen vor Sprengkoerpern, z. B. Minen oder Torpedos, mit magnetischer Zuendung
US3063422A (en) * 1960-06-13 1962-11-13 Joel H Gregowski Electromechanical device
DE977836C (de) * 1960-07-23 1971-06-16 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Kompensation von Wechselfeldern auf Fahrzeugen, insbesondere Schiffen
US3110282A (en) * 1960-08-24 1963-11-12 Friedrich M O Foerster Degaussing control

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTION ON MAGNETICS, Vol. MAG. 13, Nr. 1, 1977 J.P. WIKSWO et al. "Application of superconducting magnetometers to the measurement of the vector magnetocardiogram", Seiten 354-357 * Seite 354 * *
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, Vol 48, Nr. 3, Marz 1977, Seiten 1338-1341 D. SPAL : "Production of uniform field gradients for magnetometers by means of current-carrying strips" * Seite 1338 * *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2559303A1 (fr) * 1984-02-04 1985-08-09 Licentia Gmbh Procede applicable dans une installation magnetique d'autoprotection reglee par des champs perturbateurs
US4823081A (en) * 1984-02-04 1989-04-18 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Interference magnetic field compensation method which includes supplying a current to a coil to compensate the field
FR2569650A1 (fr) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-07 Bofors Ab Procede et appareil de reduction des effets des caracteristiques magnetiques d'elements de navire mobiles en azimut et en hauteur
EP0247367A1 (fr) * 1986-04-29 1987-12-02 Bundesrepublik Deutschland vertr. durch d. Bundesm. d. Vert. vertr. durch den Präs. d. Bundesamt. für Wehrtech. u. Beschaffung Procédé pour régler une installation magnétique pour l'autoprotection servant à la compensation du champs magnétique perturbateur d'un véhicule, notamment un navire
EP0356146A3 (fr) * 1988-08-19 1990-07-04 The Marconi Company Limited Assemblage d'aimant

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Publication number Publication date
EP0024307B1 (fr) 1984-03-28
DE2929964C2 (de) 1984-08-09
DE2929964A1 (de) 1981-01-29

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