EP0033894B1 - Intensificateur à vide d'images aux rayons X à plusieurs étages - Google Patents

Intensificateur à vide d'images aux rayons X à plusieurs étages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033894B1
EP0033894B1 EP81100574A EP81100574A EP0033894B1 EP 0033894 B1 EP0033894 B1 EP 0033894B1 EP 81100574 A EP81100574 A EP 81100574A EP 81100574 A EP81100574 A EP 81100574A EP 0033894 B1 EP0033894 B1 EP 0033894B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
layer
carrier
photo
image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81100574A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0033894A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Kröner
Walter Dipl.-Phys. Greschat
Peter Römer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0033894A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033894A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033894B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033894B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
    • H01J31/508—Multistage converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to multi-stage X-ray image intensifiers (RBV) according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • RBV X-ray image intensifiers
  • the individual stages which amplify the electron image by acceleration in the electric field, are coupled to one another via screens, the essential elements of which are a luminescent layer and an optical one with it Have contact standing photocathode layer.
  • these two reactive layers usually have little strength in themselves. They are therefore attached to both sides of a sufficiently stable carrier plate, which allows the light released in the luminescent layer to pass through to the photocathode layer provided on the other side.
  • the carrier must be designed in such a way that a good «contact copy» of the fluorescent screen image is created on the photocathode, i.e. that the carrier does not reduce the sharpness of the image. This is e.g. achievable through the use of fiber optic plates as supports for the layers. However, they have the major disadvantage that they are very expensive.
  • the thickness of the carrier layer must not cause any significant scattering of the light passing through.
  • the image sharpness that can usually be used in RBV, e.g. up to 50 ⁇ m still allowed.
  • the phosphor layer is first applied to the carrier. This is followed by installation in the image intensifier arrangement and finally the photocathode layer is applied to the still free surface of the support opposite the luminous layer.
  • a gamma camera which has an image intensifier part, the input screen of which is constructed on a 1 to 2 mm thick single crystal fluorescent screen.
  • a barrier layer made of, for example, cesium iodide, cesium iodide sodium, bismuth germanate or aluminum oxide is vapor-deposited between the screen and the photocathode layer in order to prevent the effect of impurities on the crystal. If a second stage is also provided, this is built up on a fiber optic plate, which serves as a carrier for a luminescent layer and a further photocathode layer.
  • the method used for their formation must be adapted to the substrate in question.
  • a special source of antimony is required for each substrate.
  • the invention is based on the object, in image intensifiers according to the preamble of claim 1, to counteract the effects of an unavoidable soiling of the support of the photocathode of a coupling screen, so that local faults in the photocathode are avoided, all photocathodes of the image intensifier in a single manufacturing process by means of a single one Source can be produced and a uniform formation of the photo cathodes of the image intensifier stages is nevertheless obtained.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the subjects of the subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the invention is based on the fact that a clean base for the photocathodes can be obtained by applying a clean covering before the photocathodes are applied.
  • it has proven to be expedient to provide surfaces on the entrance screen as well as on the intermediate screen which are of the same type and at the same time form a barrier against influences from the base.
  • care must be taken to ensure that the application on the coupling screen is thin in order to keep the loss of light and sharpness low, i.e. so that the light passing from the screen into the photocathode is not unduly absorbed and scattered.
  • An antimony (Sb1 source) can be used in the invention, whereas in the known production a special Sb source was required for each photocathode because of the necessary adaptation to the substrate. If water-soluble cesium iodide is used as the material of the additional layer, this can be done Cathode material can be simply rinsed off with water together with the background vaporization.
  • the technology according to the invention can also be used with advantage where subsequent cleaning of the base of the photocathode itself would be possible.
  • the intermediate layer can generally achieve a significant simplification in addition to the advantages stated above, because the cleaning step can be dispensed with (cleaning, polishing, etc.).
  • 1 denotes a vacuum-tight bulb, which carries on its one end wall 2 in the interior of the bulb a luminous layer 3 that is sensitive to X-ray light, which can consist, for example, of sodium-doped cesium iodide (CsJ: Na) and which is followed by a photocathode layer 4 .
  • CsJ cesium iodide
  • a photocathode layer 4 At a distance of approx. 12 mm follows an electron-sensitive fluorescent screen, which consists of an electron-transmissive, light-reflecting cover 5 made of aluminum and a fluorescent layer 6. This rests on a support 7, which consists of mica and is 50 / km thick.
  • the carrier 7 On its free surface, the carrier 7 is provided with a coating 8 made of cesium iodide, which is 8 microns thick.
  • a photocathode layer 9 which corresponds to layer 4 is applied to layer 8.
  • a voltage of 15 kV is applied between the photocathode 4 and the aluminum layer 5 for close focusing and acceleration from a direct current source 13.
  • a voltage of 20 kV from a source 14 is applied between the photocathode layer 9 and the aluminum cover 11.
  • a beam of rays 17 coming from an X-ray tube 16 is directed onto a body 18 from a device 15 for generating X-rays.
  • the rays from the bundle 17 come through the input window 2 onto the fluorescent screen 3, where they generate light which acts on the photocathode 4 and triggers electrons there. These are then accelerated according to the indication by dotted lines 19 on the fluorescent screen consisting of 5 and 6.
  • the electrons trigger light again in the sense of the desired imaging and amplification 19, which acts on the photocathode 9 through the support 7 and the coating 8 and there again triggers an electron beam 20, which then emits light in the phosphor screen consisting of 11 and 12 triggers, which, as indicated by arrows 21, can be observed from the outside.

Landscapes

  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Intensificateur à vide d'images radioscopiques à plusieurs étages, dans lequel l'image radioscopique sur un écran d'entrée (2, 3, 4) esttransformée en une image électronique qui est amplifiée dans un champ d'accélération électrique et est ensuite rendue visible sur un écran de sortie (10, 11, 12), au moins un autre champ d'accélération électrique, débutant avec un écran intermédiaire (5 à 9), se trouvant entre la fin du champ d'accélération et l'écran de sortie (10, 11, 12), et l'écran intermédiaire (5 à 9) portant, sur un support transparent, une couche luminescente (6) sensible aux électrons du côté tourné vers l'écran d'entrée (2, 3, 4) et une couche de photo- cathode (9) du côté opposé, aussi bien l'écran d'entrée (2, 3, 4) que l'écran intermédiaire (5 à 9) possédant des surfaces en matériau identique comme substrat des couches de photocathode (4, 9), caractérisé par le fait que dans le cas de l'écran intermédiaire (5 à 9) le matériau résistant opposé aux photo-cathodes est déposé sous la forme d'un revêtement (8) sur le support (7) sur le côté tourné vers la photo- cathode (9), et que la surface, occupée par la couche de photocathode (4), de la couche luminescente (3) de l'écran d'entrée (2, 3, 4), qui est sensible aux rayons X et dont le côté opposé est disposé sur un support (2), est également constituée par ce matériau.
2. Intensificateur d'images suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (3, 8) est une couche déposée par évaporation qui recouvre de façon compacte le substrat [fenêtre d'entrée (2) et support (7)].
3. Intensificateur d'images suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (3, 8) est constitué par de l'iodure de césium (CsJ).
4. Intensificateur d'images suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (3, 8) est constitué par une substance luminescente qui est de l'iodure de césium activé par du sodium (CsJ:Na).
5. Intensificateur d'images suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement résistant (8)du support (7) de l'écran intermédiaire possède une épaisseur allant de 5 à 10 /km.
EP81100574A 1980-02-06 1981-01-27 Intensificateur à vide d'images aux rayons X à plusieurs étages Expired EP0033894B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3004351 1980-02-06
DE19803004351 DE3004351A1 (de) 1980-02-06 1980-02-06 Mehrstufiger vakuum-roentgenbildverstaerker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033894A1 EP0033894A1 (fr) 1981-08-19
EP0033894B1 true EP0033894B1 (fr) 1984-05-30

Family

ID=6093905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81100574A Expired EP0033894B1 (fr) 1980-02-06 1981-01-27 Intensificateur à vide d'images aux rayons X à plusieurs étages

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4362933A (fr)
EP (1) EP0033894B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5843859B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3004351A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4594566A (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-06-10 Advanced Nmr Systems, Inc. High frequency rf coil for NMR device
US4730106A (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-03-08 United States Department Of Energy Optical fiducial timing system for X-ray streak cameras with aluminum coated optical fiber ends
US4912737A (en) * 1987-10-30 1990-03-27 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray image observing device
US5013902A (en) * 1989-08-18 1991-05-07 Allard Edward F Microdischarge image converter
CN109686640B (zh) * 2019-01-18 2024-05-28 茆占湖 一种平板倍增影像增强器及倍增方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2555423A (en) * 1947-04-16 1951-06-05 Sheldon Edward Emanuel Image intensifying tube
FR2161064A1 (fr) * 1971-11-24 1973-07-06 Electron Physics Ltd
FR2284185A1 (fr) * 1974-09-05 1976-04-02 Siemens Ag Couche d'emission electro-optique
DE2624781A1 (de) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-09 Rca Corp Elektronenemittierende elektrode
GB2016206A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-09-19 Diagnostic Inform Gamma ray camera

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2851625A (en) * 1952-10-30 1958-09-09 Rca Corp Image tube
FR1474019A (fr) * 1966-01-20 1967-03-24 Electronique & Physique Dispositif d'alimentation pour tube amplificateur d'images à plusieurs étages
US3749920A (en) * 1971-12-03 1973-07-31 E Sheldon System for x-ray image intensification

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2555423A (en) * 1947-04-16 1951-06-05 Sheldon Edward Emanuel Image intensifying tube
FR2161064A1 (fr) * 1971-11-24 1973-07-06 Electron Physics Ltd
FR2284185A1 (fr) * 1974-09-05 1976-04-02 Siemens Ag Couche d'emission electro-optique
DE2624781A1 (de) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-09 Rca Corp Elektronenemittierende elektrode
GB2016206A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-09-19 Diagnostic Inform Gamma ray camera

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3163788D1 (de) 1984-07-05
EP0033894A1 (fr) 1981-08-19
JPS56123655A (en) 1981-09-28
DE3004351A1 (de) 1981-08-13
JPS5843859B2 (ja) 1983-09-29
US4362933A (en) 1982-12-07

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