EP0034520A2 - Bergbau- Abbauverfahren im Kammer- Pfeilerbau - Google Patents

Bergbau- Abbauverfahren im Kammer- Pfeilerbau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034520A2
EP0034520A2 EP81400163A EP81400163A EP0034520A2 EP 0034520 A2 EP0034520 A2 EP 0034520A2 EP 81400163 A EP81400163 A EP 81400163A EP 81400163 A EP81400163 A EP 81400163A EP 0034520 A2 EP0034520 A2 EP 0034520A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcements
wings
solid particles
hydraulic
whose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81400163A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0034520A3 (en
EP0034520B1 (de
Inventor
Henri C. Vidal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81400163T priority Critical patent/ATE11172T1/de
Publication of EP0034520A2 publication Critical patent/EP0034520A2/de
Publication of EP0034520A3 publication Critical patent/EP0034520A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0034520B1 publication Critical patent/EP0034520B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0275—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a process for carrying out, by using a material comprising essentially non-coherent solid particles, a structure endowed with cohesion, having one or more facings covered with a skin whose constituent elements form or support reinforcements , with which a layer of said particles is in contact.
  • the object of the invention is to propose new methods of implementing the process mentioned above, making it possible to carry out works whose nature and function are comparable to works in reinforced earth.
  • This process is characterized in that at least part of the material used initially comprises elements which subsequently make the material, or the fraction of material, coherent.
  • the elements which, in the long term, generate cohesion can consist at least partially of the solid particles themselves, in which case these particles preferably have pozzolanic or hydraulic characteristics, so that the material, or the corresponding fraction of the matter, placed in mixture with water, that is to say in the pulverulent state, becomes in the long run coherent.
  • These elements can also constitute an adduct, used alone or in combination combination with particles having pozzolanic or hydraulic characteristics, such as lime, cement, calcium chloride, which, in known manner, also create a setting effect, in mixture with water.
  • the adduct can also be any substance, possibly liquid or mixed with a liquid, which, after processing, evolves, physically or chemically, by acquiring the properties of an adhesive or of a plastic or rigid binder.
  • the skin elements are juxtaposed and superimposed U-shaped profiles, to the wings of which armatures are optionally fixed, preferably made up of relatively flexible bands, as the material, mixed or impregnated with water, or another liquid, is poured and retained inside the facing, or the facing, already in place, part of the solid powder particles comes into contact with the wings of the profiles and, if necessary , with the reinforcements, creating by friction with the wings and / or with the reinforcements a cohesion whose effect is to make stable and resistant the solid mass formed inside the facing, or facing.
  • This massif indeed constitutes, either in whole or in its parts where the association of solid particles and wings and / or armatures generates cohesion, a volume of reinforced earth, stable and resistant.
  • the founded therefore behaves at least partially as a reinforced earth structure, during the first stage of its evolution, which immediately follows the implementation, and as a lean concrete structure, in the second stage corresponding to the setting phenomenon or bonding solid particles.
  • the solid particles can have any origin, for example being extracted from natural soil.
  • the particles have pozzolanic or hydraulic characteristics, they can be drawn from volcanic ash, such as pozzolans, or from volcanic or trass tuffs. Most often, the particles with pozzolanic or hydraulic characteristics will come from industrial by-products, such as fly ash, produced by thermal power plants for the production of electricity, and blast furnace slag, which normally take the form of J ranulats.
  • additives having the function of an adhesive they can be used in the form of a solution, suspension, emulsion, etc.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to execute structures which, in their final state, are more rigid than structures in reinforced earth, which in principle have a certain flexibility.
  • Another advantage of the proposed process is that it makes possible the recovery of products available near the site where the structure is to be built and which, sometimes, as in the case of fly ash, are bulky, even polluting.
  • the cohesion of the solid mass due to the setting phenomenon can lead to savings with regard to the reinforcements, in the sense that the latter, like the reinforcements used for reinforced concrete, can be a material which is not particularly resistant to corrosion and is therefore less costly than that of the reinforcements normally incorporated in reinforced earth works.
  • the pulverulent material can be placed in the dry state behind the facing, or the facings, and then be sprayed with water, but it is also possible to form the mixture of pulverulent material and water beforehand and put in place the material, for example by gravity or by means of pumps, by hydraulic backfilling, according to a technique commonly used in mining, to fill the voids.
  • This technique of hydraulic backfilling can precisely be implemented, according to the invention, in a mine chamber, in particular of coal, to consolidate the "pillars" which remain after completion of the extraction of coal, or other mineral matter, and whose function is to withstand the pressure of the overlying terrains.
  • the resistant enclosure which surrounds the pillars over a significant height, without necessarily reaching the roof of the chamber, thus achieves around the pillars a hooping which partially restores the state of embrace that the digging of the chambers had made disappear. As a result, the tendency to swell under compression load, which could occur in the central area of the pillars, is completely suppressed.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show part of a coal mine site from which the ore was extracted by the chamber and pillar process.
  • the latter are surrounded by a rectangular enclosure 8 which is filled to a level located clearly above the middle of the pillars, without however reaching the roof 9 of the chambers, with a material 11 discharged by hydraulic backfilling.
  • the four walls 12 to 15 of the enclosure 8 are formed by superimposition of a number of seats of metal profiles 18, 18a, of U-shaped section, arranged approximately contiguously in each seat and the lower wing 19 of which has a free edge shaped as a hook 20, so as to come into engagement with the smooth edge of the upper wing 21 of one or more underlying profiles.
  • the reference 25 designates elbow-shaped fittings at a right angle provided in each seat at the four corners of the enclosure 8 to connect to each other the profiles of two adjacent perpendicular walls.
  • the profiles 18, of which the end walls 12, 14, one of the edge walls 13 and the end portions of the other edge wall 15 are formed, are profiles with broad wings, while the profiles 18a constituting , over the greater part of its length between the end portions, the edge wall 15, are profiles whose wings are relatively narrow.
  • the sections 18a are however completed by reinforcements 22 constituted by metal bands, relatively flexible, which are each bolted, at one of their ends, through two wings 19, 21, in mutual contact, of superimposed sections, and which are coated in the backfilled solid 11, their other end being free of any attachment. This provision is quite usual in reinforced earth constructions, as is apparent from the patents FR 1 393 988 and US 3 421 326.
  • the material 11 discharged by hydraulic backfilling inside the enclosure 8 delimited by the walls 12 to 15 is a mixture essentially comprising water and powdery ash.
  • the solid ash particles which, as the backfilling progresses upwards, come into frictional contact with the wings of the profiles 18, 18a and with the reinforcements 22, giving cohesion to the solid mass formed in the enclosure which, in accordance with the teaching of the cited patents has the characteristics of a reinforced earth construction, stable and resistant.
  • fly ash is generally available near coal mines, as by-products of thermal power plants, on the other hand by the property what have these ashes mixed with water to take after a relatively long time, so that in the long run the backfilled assemblage, which, initially formed of the reinforced earth, turns into a kind of very thin concrete , reinforced, like reinforced concrete, by the presence of the wings of the sections 18, 18a and the reinforcements 22.
  • the pillars 1 to 3 which are trapped there over a significant height benefit from a hooping or embracing effect allowing them to resist indefinitely pressures that the overlying terrains 7 exert on them.
  • edge walls 13, 15 By making the edge walls 13, 15 exclusively by means of profiles 18 with wide wings, these profiles would define in combination with the solid particles filling their cavities a thick wall of reinforced earth whose stability would be sufficient to withstand the thrust exerted by the unreinforced material contained between the two walls 13, 15.
  • the walls 12 to 15 of the enclosure and the backfill material 11 remain at a level lower than that of the roof 9. It is however possible to execute a hydraulic cleaning which reaches the level of the roof, and, if necessary, also raising all or part of the walls to the level of the roof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
EP81400163A 1980-02-13 1981-02-03 Bergbau- Abbauverfahren im Kammer- Pfeilerbau Expired EP0034520B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81400163T ATE11172T1 (de) 1980-02-13 1981-02-03 Bergbau- abbauverfahren im kammer- pfeilerbau.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA00800816A ZA80816B (en) 1980-02-13 1980-02-13 Method for working a mine in accordance with the bord-and-pillar method
ZA800816 1980-02-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0034520A2 true EP0034520A2 (de) 1981-08-26
EP0034520A3 EP0034520A3 (en) 1981-12-02
EP0034520B1 EP0034520B1 (de) 1985-01-09

Family

ID=25574549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81400163A Expired EP0034520B1 (de) 1980-02-13 1981-02-03 Bergbau- Abbauverfahren im Kammer- Pfeilerbau

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US4412760A (de)
EP (1) EP0034520B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS56153011A (de)
AR (1) AR229583A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE11172T1 (de)
AU (1) AU6716881A (de)
BR (1) BR8100860A (de)
CA (1) CA1175248A (de)
DE (1) DE3168088D1 (de)
ES (1) ES500072A0 (de)
IL (1) IL62064A (de)
MX (1) MX156841A (de)
ZA (1) ZA80816B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2357082C1 (ru) * 2008-01-28 2009-05-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" Способ разработки мощных крутопадающих рудных тел
CN102226396A (zh) * 2011-05-19 2011-10-26 中南大学 非爆破开挖再造人工群柱深孔崩矿嗣后充填采矿法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8631004D0 (en) * 1986-12-30 1987-02-04 Fosroc International Ltd Anchoring
US5131791A (en) * 1990-11-16 1992-07-21 Beazer West, Inc. Retaining wall system
CN103953344B (zh) * 2014-04-30 2016-03-09 金川集团股份有限公司 一种下向进路分层胶结充填采矿法

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA567320A (en) * 1958-12-09 Shell Development Company Cement composition
US3570253A (en) * 1964-03-26 1971-03-16 Henri C Vidal Constructional works
US3376146A (en) * 1964-10-30 1968-04-02 Mobil Oil Corp Low density cement composition
US3340693A (en) * 1965-02-15 1967-09-12 William S Row Method and apparatus for inducing hardening or cementing in a mass of back-fill in a mine opening
FR1452419A (fr) * 1965-10-28 1966-02-25 Vedecko Vyzk Uhelny Ustav Produit de remblayage notamment pour les couches épaisses exploitées par tranches unidescendantes
US3557876A (en) * 1969-04-10 1971-01-26 Western Co Of North America Method and composition for drilling and cementing of wells
FR2055983A5 (de) * 1969-08-14 1971-05-14 Vidal Henri
US3713489A (en) * 1970-09-08 1973-01-30 Amoco Prod Co Plugging of fractures in underground formations
US3817039A (en) * 1970-11-04 1974-06-18 Dow Chemical Co Method of filling subterranean voids with a particulate material
GB1362954A (en) * 1971-06-24 1974-08-07 Thyssen Great Britain Ltd Mining
US3876005A (en) * 1972-01-24 1975-04-08 Halliburton Co High temperature, low density cementing method
US3799787A (en) * 1972-10-25 1974-03-26 Vongrey M Admixtures for filling natural and artificial subterranean voids
GB1485004A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-09-08 Environment Sec Of State For T Reinforced earth structures
US4059963A (en) * 1976-08-19 1977-11-29 Joy Manufacturing Company Method of mine backfilling and material therefor
DE2724599C3 (de) * 1977-06-01 1980-07-03 Karl August Dr.-Ing. 6145 Lindenfels Ullrich Hydraulisch aushärtbare und aufblähbare Masse zum Verfüllen von mit Grubenbauen in Verbindung stehenden Hohlräumen
US4309059A (en) * 1978-01-11 1982-01-05 Walsh Myles A Mining method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2357082C1 (ru) * 2008-01-28 2009-05-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" Способ разработки мощных крутопадающих рудных тел
CN102226396A (zh) * 2011-05-19 2011-10-26 中南大学 非爆破开挖再造人工群柱深孔崩矿嗣后充填采矿法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3168088D1 (en) 1985-02-21
ZA80816B (en) 1981-01-28
CA1175248A (en) 1984-10-02
BR8100860A (pt) 1981-08-25
EP0034520A3 (en) 1981-12-02
AR229583A1 (es) 1983-09-30
ES8305877A1 (es) 1983-05-01
ATE11172T1 (de) 1985-01-15
EP0034520B1 (de) 1985-01-09
ES500072A0 (es) 1983-05-01
JPS56153011A (en) 1981-11-26
US4412760A (en) 1983-11-01
IL62064A0 (en) 1981-03-31
AU6716881A (en) 1981-08-20
IL62064A (en) 1984-01-31
MX156841A (es) 1988-10-06

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