EP0036313B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Betondachziegeln - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Betondachziegeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0036313B1
EP0036313B1 EP81301068A EP81301068A EP0036313B1 EP 0036313 B1 EP0036313 B1 EP 0036313B1 EP 81301068 A EP81301068 A EP 81301068A EP 81301068 A EP81301068 A EP 81301068A EP 0036313 B1 EP0036313 B1 EP 0036313B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tiles
tile
uncured
mould
curing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81301068A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0036313A1 (de
Inventor
Antonio Gonzalo Fernandez Puentes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ashton Jacqueline
Original Assignee
Ashton Jacqueline
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ashton Jacqueline filed Critical Ashton Jacqueline
Priority to AT81301068T priority Critical patent/ATE6916T1/de
Publication of EP0036313A1 publication Critical patent/EP0036313A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0036313B1 publication Critical patent/EP0036313B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing concrete roof tiles.
  • German patent No. 806952 of 12 April 1951 describes a process for stacking and drying of flat concrete components such as cement roofing stones which may have an undulating contour.
  • each concrete component fresh from the mould is laid on an older component, and a stack is built up of alternating fresh and old concrete components, with each fresh component being sandwiched between two older components acting as carrier plates.
  • US patent No. 4158533 describes apparatus for the production of pressed tiles, namely flat cement tiles, with a mould for forming and pressing the tiles, stripping means operable to strip pressed tiles from the moulds, plates for receiving and supporting each tile, treatment means to treat tiles on the plates, means for downwardly moving the stripped tiles to superimpose them to form a pile on each plate, and means for moving each plate and associated pile to the treatment means.
  • the means for downwardly moving the stripped tiles is designed to move the tiles downwardly but not horizontally.
  • the present invention is not concerned with the production of flat cement tiles, but rather with contoured tiles of the kind which may be overlapped to form a roof.
  • a process for manufacturing concrete roof tiles without the use of curving moulds comprising the steps of metering concrete mix into a tile mould, applying pressure to the mix in the mould both to form an uncured tile having a thin, non-planar shape which nevertheless permits packing of the tiles to form a substantially solid block of tiles, and also to dewater and deaerate the mix and give an uncured tile containing the water required for hydraulic curing, removing the uncured tile from the mould, and loading the tile fresh from the mould into a support frame; the steps being repeated, and the loading being carried out with the repetition of the steps, so as to form on the support frame a virtually solid block of uncured tiles each fresh from the mould; and curing the tiles or allowing the tiles to cure, while in the form of the solid block.
  • This invention is particularly directed to improvement upon the processes, already in existence, for manufacturing thin concrete roof tiles. It can totally eliminate the need for curing pallets in the curing or hardening processes.
  • the tiles usually have exactly complementary upper and lower surfaces, thus permitting their being stacked face-to-face whilst still fresh, optionally separated by a fine film of paper or other products, to form a solid block of concrete without gaps, which, once enclosed in a support-case or frame of the same shape as the outside part of the concrete blocks, permit that this can withstand the following transportation and curing processes without the tiles within suffering any damage.
  • the tiles Once the protecting support-case has been removed, the tiles remain in a block during all the following stages of stacking in the yard and transportation to the building site.
  • the principle objective of this invention is the improvement in the existing systems of mass-production of concrete tiles.
  • the proposed invention seeks essentially to reduce radically these costs, basing itself on the substitution for the above described stages of the previous manufacturing process, of a system of solid block formation and continuous curing chamber; the only auxiliary equipment being the support-cases, as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of tile making process of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is an example of the process of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is an example of a press employed in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 can be seen a rotating press of 5 stages, in which four tiles are produced in parallel simultaneously.
  • FIGS 5 to 8 illustrate solid blocks formed during the process of the invention.
  • This invention offers very important advantages over the conventional systems of concrete roof tile production already in existence. These are listed below.
  • the present invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting example.
  • Figures 9 to 12 show a tile made by the process of the invention, and Figure 12 illustrates the steps in the process of the invention.
  • a wet concrete mix was prepared using 1 part by weight of cement, 2 parts by weight of sand (mesh size: on 2 mm, pass 3 mm) and sufficient water to give a plastic consistency.
  • the mix was then metered into 4 lower moulds arranged in side-by-side relationship across a conveyor belt.
  • the 4 moulds formed part of a continuous array of moulds extending the length of the belt. This metering and the subsequent stages are shown illustratively in Figure 12, with each part of Figure 12 showing a stage through which each mould passes on the belt.
  • the 4 moulds under consideration left the metering station and reached a pre-forming station, where an upper forming mould was applied to each lower mould to shape the wet concrete mix to give a preformed tile having the shape shown in Figures 9 to 11.
  • the preformed tile was slightly undersize.
  • the moulds were then advanced to a surface treatment station, where a pigmented coating of a semi-dry concrete mix containing fine sand, cement and other additives was applied to the tiles through an overhead sieving device. Thereafter with advancement to a pressing and dewatering station a high pressure of between 50 and 120 kg/cm 2 , usually 80 kg/cm 2 (say, between 4.9 and 11.8 MPa, usually 7.8 MPa) was applied to the preformed tiles in the molds. In this manner air and excess water was expressed from the tiles, and drained off through filter openings provided for this purpose.
  • the belt was then advanced to a demoulding station, where a vacuum-assisted lifting head with a shape complementary to the top of the tile served to remove the tiles from the four moulds and transfer them to a support frame.
  • the support frame comprised a base and a rear wall at right angles, with the base being supported such that the top of the rear wall was inclined rearwardly at an angle of about 10° to the vertical.
  • each cured tile was about 42 cm long, about 33 cm in breadth, and about 1.2 cm in depth.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dachziegeln aus Beton, ohne Verwendung von Härtungsformen, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfaßt, daß eine Betonmischung in bestimmter Menge in eine Ziegelform eingebracht wird, daß Druck auf die Mischung in der Form ausgeübt wird, um einerseits einen ungehärteten Ziegel zu bilden, der eine dünne, unebene Gestalt hat, die jedoch das Stapeln der Ziegel zur Bildung eines im wesentlichen kompakten Ziegelblockes erlaubt, und um andererseits die Mischung zu entwässern und zu entlüften, sodaß der ungehärtete Ziegel jenes Wasser enthält, das notwendig ist zum hydraulischen Härten, daß der ungehärtete Ziegel aus der Form entfernt wird und frisch aus der Form auf einen Stützrahmen geladen wird, woraufhin die Schritte wiederholt werden und das Beladen unter Wiederholung der Schritte durchgeführt wird, sodaß auf dem Stützrahmen ein im wesentlichen kompakter Block von ungehärteten Ziegeln, jeder frisch aus der Form gebildet wird und daß die Ziegel gehärtet werden oder härten gelassen werden, während sie sich in der Gestalt des kompakten Blockes befinden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ziegel einspringende Flächen auf einer Oberfläche haben, welche Vorsprüngen an dem nächsten Ziegel entsprechen und diese aufnehmen, sodaß die Bildung des Blocks ermöglicht wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aus Beton bestehenden Dachziegel eine Länge und/oder Breite habe, welche 20 bis 50 mal ihrer Dicke entspricht.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Entwässerungsdruck von 50 bis 120 kg/cm2 auf die Mischung ausgeübt wird.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Trennfolie oder eine Trennoberfläche auf die ungehärteten Ziegel vor oder während des Beladens zur Bildung des Blockes aufgebracht wird.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ungehärteten Ziegel verladen werden, wobei jeder im wesentlichen vertikal steht, um den Block zu bilden.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stützrahmen nur zwei Seiten des Blocks unterstützt.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Härten die Ziegel als kompakter Block belassen werden, der bereit ist für den Abtransport aus der Herstellungsstätte.
EP81301068A 1980-03-13 1981-03-13 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Betondachziegeln Expired EP0036313B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81301068T ATE6916T1 (de) 1980-03-13 1981-03-13 Verfahren zur herstellung von betondachziegeln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES489519 1980-03-13
ES489519A ES8100622A1 (es) 1980-03-13 1980-03-13 Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la fabricacion de losetas de hormigon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0036313A1 EP0036313A1 (de) 1981-09-23
EP0036313B1 true EP0036313B1 (de) 1984-04-04

Family

ID=8480027

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81301068A Expired EP0036313B1 (de) 1980-03-13 1981-03-13 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Betondachziegeln

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0036313B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE6916T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3162922D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8100622A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4872289A (en) * 1986-06-10 1989-10-10 Disco Abrasive Systems, Ltd. Cutter
DE3812901C1 (de) * 1988-04-18 1989-09-14 Rieter-Werke Haendle Kg, 7750 Konstanz, De
CN110761495B (zh) * 2019-11-05 2024-09-03 北京工业大学 屋面瓦与屋面保温一体化的屋面构件、制造方法与安装方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE21814C (de) * F. SCHMIDT in Chrosczina per Oppeln Neuerungen an dem unter Nr. 9868 geschützten Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlwerken (Dachreitern) etc
US2173107A (en) * 1937-08-09 1939-09-19 Robert E Gould Making ceramic articles
FR1009678A (fr) * 1948-10-02 1952-06-03 Procédé pour l'empilage et le séchage de pièces plates en béton, par exemple de tuiles en ciment
DE843466C (de) * 1948-10-02 1952-07-10 Kurt Milde Flachziegel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US2601105A (en) * 1949-08-16 1952-06-17 Russell P Dunmire Ceramic product and method of making same
FR1142846A (fr) * 1956-03-09 1957-09-23 Procédé de fabrication des tuiles sur filières et tuiles obtenues par sa mise en oeuvre
US4158533A (en) * 1975-06-27 1979-06-19 Longinotti S.P.A. Apparatus for producing and stripping pressed cement tiles with superimposition of a plurality of stripped tiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3162922D1 (en) 1984-05-10
ES489519A0 (es) 1980-11-01
EP0036313A1 (de) 1981-09-23
ATE6916T1 (de) 1984-04-15
ES8100622A1 (es) 1980-11-01

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