EP0046830B1 - Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar - Google Patents

Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046830B1
EP0046830B1 EP80401223A EP80401223A EP0046830B1 EP 0046830 B1 EP0046830 B1 EP 0046830B1 EP 80401223 A EP80401223 A EP 80401223A EP 80401223 A EP80401223 A EP 80401223A EP 0046830 B1 EP0046830 B1 EP 0046830B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bar
attachment
legs
attachments
precision
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80401223A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0046830A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Bras
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Bras Jean
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT80401223T priority Critical patent/ATE16574T1/en
Priority to EP80401223A priority patent/EP0046830B1/en
Priority to DE8080401223T priority patent/DE3071252D1/en
Publication of EP0046830A1 publication Critical patent/EP0046830A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0046830B1 publication Critical patent/EP0046830B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43L9/00—Circular curve-drawing or like instruments
    • B43L9/16—Features common to compasses, dividers, and callipers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43L9/00—Circular curve-drawing or like instruments
    • B43L9/02—Compasses
    • B43L9/025—Compasses with parallel legs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a precision compass with parallel breaks and a stiffness bar.
  • Precision compasses are known which have stiffness bars joining the two branches and located closer to the head than broken pieces.
  • This bar cooperates with mechanisms for adjusting the tracing radius and for blocking the branches.
  • Compasses with double branches are also known which are assembled in a deformable parallelogram ensuring the parallelism of the breaks. To obtain a fast and precise route using these devices, great skill is required due to the distance from the means for adjusting the broken lines.
  • Compasses are also known comprising two parallel breaks each articulated to a branch and joined by a stiffness bar capable of sliding in at least one of the breaks and of being blocked in both (CH n ° 379777 PIAB).
  • the stiffness bar is located below the points of articulation of broken branches and therefore is subject to compression bending stress accentuating the risks of buckling.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks by implementing a compass of increased precision and of easy use.
  • Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a compass having good angular and transverse rigidity and not subject to the phenomena of bracing of the stiffness bar.
  • the compass according to the invention of the type comprising two branches, each of which receiving at its lower end an articulated break, said breaks being automatically parallel by means of a stiffness bar which connects them and is slidably mounted in a guide bearing and one of the breaks is characterized in that each of the branches is provided with an elastic yoke in which the corresponding break is articulated, that the break and the guide bearing of the bar are provided with a longitudinal slot at the orifice for passage of the bar, that the means of articulation and of fixing the breakage crosses said slots and that by blocking of these is carried out both the blocking in translation of the bar and the blocking of the 'articulation of the broken parts with respect to the corresponding branch.
  • the stiffness rod cooperating with the breaks is placed between their axis of articulation and the head of the compass to eliminate the tendency to buckling of the bar by substitution of a bending tensile stress for a compression bending stress.
  • the precision compass comprises a head 1 in which two branches 2 are articulated, each provided at the lower end with a point of articulation of a tracer carrier 3 or tip holder 4 joined together. one to the other by a stiffness bar 5.
  • the head 1 is constituted by a yoke in which are mounted the two branches 2 cooperating with each other by means of at least two toothed sectors 6 meshing with one another.
  • the solid branches 2 are provided at the end with a groove 7 in which the non-toothed part of the sector is housed.
  • This groove oriented in the plane of the compass as well as the toothed sector are provided with a transverse orifice receiving a means of articulation of said branch to the head 1.
  • this means consists of a cylindrical axis 8 terminated at each of its ends by a spherical cap partially engaged in orifices made in the yoke.
  • the articulation means consists of two balls 9 each mounted in the branch on either side of the groove and each engaging partially in the orifice of the sector and in the orifice of the screed.
  • the orifice of said sector is offset during assembly with respect to the orifice of the branch so that when the articulation means are engaged toothed sector is pressed against the bottom of the groove.
  • each toothed sector consists of several blades 10 obtained by cutting and then assembled by a rivet 11 with an end, for example conical, to form a hinge pin without play of the branch to the head yoke.
  • the non-toothed portion of the sectors engages and is fixed in an orifice formed in the branch 2 or engages and is fixed in a branch consisting of a tubular element.
  • the rivet 11 comprises two riveting bases 12 enclosing the blades 10.
  • the ends of the rivet are each engaged in a blind orifice of complementary shape, for example conical formed in a yoke 13 mounted in the yoke of the head and fixed to the latter by the button 1A for maneuvering the compass.
  • the branches 2 can be made from a long, metallic element full of cross-section, for example polygonal or from a tubular element as shown in FIG. 1 which in no way affects the rigidity of the compass while l 'lightening.
  • the branches 2 are telescopic and are constituted by a tubular element containing 2A and a contained tubular element 2B capable of sliding without play in the previous one and of being blocked therein.
  • the containing element 2A is preferably articulated to the head 1 and the contained element 2B is provided at the end with one of the broken pieces.
  • the elements 2A and 2B are formed by tubular metal profiles of polygonal cross section or obtained by cutting and bending a metal plate.
  • each of the elements of each branch has a longitudinal slit allowing an expansion of the element contained in the containing element and a retraction of the element containing on the contained element thanks to their natural elasticity which eliminates the play guidance.
  • the slot 14 of the element 2B and the slot 15 of the element 2A are arranged in the plane of the compass and are arranged in opposition.
  • the slot 14 of the element 2B is disposed on the outside of the compass along its plane to allow the engagement of the locking means in said element.
  • This locking means of the element 2A with respect to the element 2B is for example constituted by a screw 16 whose square head is engaged in the element 2B and whose threaded rod is engaged in the slot 14 and in an orifice formed in the element 2A.
  • the head of the screw is in the form of an inverted truncated cone and is housed in an orifice of complementary shape formed in a part 17 mounted in the element 2B.
  • the width of this part is substantially equal to or greater than the internal width of the element 2B so that when tightening by means of a nut 18 the latter contributes to ensuring the expansion of said element 2B in element 2A this which eliminates any play and provides the branch with good rigidity.
  • element 2B In its lower part, element 2B has a section equal to that of element 2A to limit the penetration of one into the other.
  • the lower end of the branches 2 or of the elements 2B receives a means of blocking and articulation of the broken pieces.
  • This means consists of a screw 19 engaged in an orifice of the branch and of the break and receiving a locking nut.
  • the lower end of the branches or of the element 2B is shaped as an elastic yoke of relatively large length to receive one of the broken pieces and the screw 19.
  • the stiffness bar 5 which undergoes during tracing a tensile bending stress and not a compressive bending stress detrimental to the accuracy of the layout which is the case in the compass prior art.
  • the stiffness bar for example of cylindrical shape, made of metal is perpendicular to each of the broken pieces.
  • This bar is fixed by one of its ends to one of the broken pieces and is capable of sliding and of being fixed in the other. As can be understood, whatever the angular position of the branches 2, this arrangement ensures automatic parallelism of the breaks between them.
  • the bar 5 is provided at one of its ends with a male thread so as to be screwed into a threaded orifice formed in the breakage of the plotter door 3.
  • the tip-holder break 4 is provided above its articulation axis with a cylindrical orifice in which the bar 5 can slide.
  • This orifice is axially extended by a guide bearing 20 of the bar 5.
  • the length of the guide bearing is calculated taking into account the mechanical laws governing bracing to avoid the angular phenomenon of the branches.
  • the length of the guide portion will be a few centimeters.
  • the guide portion is provided with a diametral slot at its cylindrical and longitudinal orifice capable of being deformed by the action of the clamping and articulation means to block the bar 5 in translation.
  • the screw of the clamping and articulation means of the break 4 is engaged in a cylindrical orifice formed under the orifice of the guide bearing and opening into the diametrical slot, this screw advantageously receives a butterfly nut 21 or with manual locking for facilitate blocking or unblocking.
  • the blocking of the bar 5 is ensured automatically by a system of the type with elastic deformation.
  • break 4 and the guide bearing are split above their longitudinal axis.
  • the split end of the break has an orifice for the passage of an articulation and blocking means to the branch 2.
  • This means is advantageously constituted by a screw 23 serving as an axis of articulation for the break 4 which, using a lever 24, will block the bar 5 and the articulation.
  • the lever 24 is provided at one of its ends with an orifice for the passage of the screw, the diameter of said orifice being however less than the diameter of the head which abuts against said lever.
  • the lower end of the lever has a boss centered on the axis of the screw to form a fulcrum.
  • an elastic member for example a spring 25 with an angled leaf, and blocked by one of its ends in an orifice formed in the branch 2.
  • this spring is to move the lever away from the branch 2 and will cause, using the screw, the bringing together of the split parts of the breakage and consequently the elastic deformation of the guide portion which will pinch the bar 5.
  • the slight rotation of the tip-holder part or the approximation or the distance of the branch from the breakage is caused by the action of a threaded screw with differential pitch cooperating respectively with said door part - tip and with the break 4 ..
  • the tip holder part 37 is in the form of a U, between the wings of which the tip of the compass is disposed.
  • This part is housed and articulated by an axis 38 in a longitudinal groove formed in the break.
  • the natural elasticity of the part 36 causes the spacing of each of its wings in the groove which eliminates the play.
  • the heel of the toe piece is disposed outside the groove and cooperates with an elastic member such as a leaf spring 39 wound around the axis 38 and also cooperating with the break. Under the action of the elastic member, the tip-holder part tends to pivot around the axis 38.
  • This action is counterbalanced by an adjusting member constituted by a screw and nut.
  • This threaded rod has a conical end 40 receiving an adjusting nut 41 which comes to bear against the breakage.
  • the point of the compass is locked in the part 37 by a screw and nut with conical head pressing said point against the heel which makes it possible to avoid pinching the wings.
  • the tracer carrier break 3 is provided with a threaded rod for fixing the supports of the tracer members such as a mine and an ink tracer.
  • the ink plotter support is permanently fixed to the break by a knurled button with lock nut screwed both on the threaded rod.
  • This rod is extended downwards by an externally threaded hollow part shaped as a gripper end to receive a lead.
  • This clamp cooperates with a conventional locking device.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to trace with the aid of the mine without being obliged to dismantle the support of the ink tracing member.
  • the present invention makes it possible to produce a compass of great precision and great ease of use by grouping the organs with economy of gestures.

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  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

1. Precision type compass comprising two legs (2) each one accommodating at its lower end a hinged attachment, these said attachments (3) (4) are held automatically parallel by means of a stiffener bar (5) which interconnects the said attachments and is slide-fitted in a guide bearing (20) of one of the attachments (3) (4), characterized in that each of the legs is equipped with a flexible yoke in which is hinged the corresponding attachment, in that attachment (4) and guide bearing of bar (5) are provided with a slot longitudinal to the through hole of bar (5), in that the hinge and attachment device (19) of attachment (4) traverses the said slots and that the blocking of these slots also blocks bar (5) in lateral direction and blocks hinge movement of attachments (3) (4) with respect to corresponding legs (2).

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un compas de précision à brisures parallèles et à barre de rigidité.The present invention relates to a precision compass with parallel breaks and a stiffness bar.

On connaît des compas de précision dotés de barres de rigidité réunissant les deux branches et situées plus près de la tête que des brisures.Precision compasses are known which have stiffness bars joining the two branches and located closer to the head than broken pieces.

Cette barre coopère avec des mécanismes de réglage du rayon de traçage et de blocage des branches.This bar cooperates with mechanisms for adjusting the tracing radius and for blocking the branches.

On connaît également des compas à double branche assemblées en parallèlogramme déformable assurant le parallèlisme des brisures. Pour obtenir un tracé rapide et précis à l'aide de ces appareils il faut une grande habileté du fait de l'éloignement des moyens de réglage des brisures.Compasses with double branches are also known which are assembled in a deformable parallelogram ensuring the parallelism of the breaks. To obtain a fast and precise route using these devices, great skill is required due to the distance from the means for adjusting the broken lines.

De plus ces instruments ont une ouverture réduite et manquent de rigidité ce qui nuit à la qualité du traçage.In addition, these instruments have a reduced opening and lack rigidity which affects the quality of the tracing.

On connaît aussi des compas comportant deux brisures parallèles articulées chacune à une branche et réunies par une barre de rigidité susceptible de coulisser dans au moins une des brisures et d'être bloquée dans les deux (CH n° 379777 PIAB).Compasses are also known comprising two parallel breaks each articulated to a branch and joined by a stiffness bar capable of sliding in at least one of the breaks and of being blocked in both (CH n ° 379777 PIAB).

Dans ce compas la barre de rigidité est située en dessous des points d'articulation des brisures aux branches et de ce fait est soumise à une contrainte de flexion compression accentuant les risques de flambage.In this compass, the stiffness bar is located below the points of articulation of broken branches and therefore is subject to compression bending stress accentuating the risks of buckling.

Cet inconvénient est éliminé en augmentant la section de la barre de rigidité ce qui accroît le poids et le coût de fabrication de l'ensemble.This drawback is eliminated by increasing the cross-section of the stiffness bar, which increases the weight and the manufacturing cost of the assembly.

En outre, le jeu de fonctionnement dans les axes d'articulation des brisures de ce compas ne permet pas de conférer au compas une bonne rigidité angulaire et transversale nécessaire pour un traçage précis.In addition, the operating clearance in the axes of articulation of the broken edges of this compass does not make it possible to give the compass good angular and transverse rigidity necessary for precise tracing.

On a observé également une tendance à l'arc- boutement de la barre de rigidité lors de son coulissement dans son palier résultant d'une mauvaise définition des caractéristiques dimensionnelles dudit palier.There has also been observed a tendency for the stiffening bar to buckle when it slides in its bearing resulting from a poor definition of the dimensional characteristics of said bearing.

La présente invention a pour objet de supprimer les inconvénients énoncés, ci-dessus en mettant en oeuvre un compas de précision accrue et d'utilisation aisée.The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks by implementing a compass of increased precision and of easy use.

Un autre but de la présente invention est la mise en oeuvre d'un compas ayant une bonne rigidité angulaire et transversale et non sujet aux phénomènes d'arc-boutement de la barre de rigidité. A cet effet le compas selon l'invention du type comportant deux branches, chacune d'elles recevant à son extrémité inférieure une brisure articulée, lesdites brisures étant automatiquement parallèles par l'intermédiaire d'une barre de rigidité qui les relie et est montée coulissante dans un palier de guidage et une des brisures se caractérise en ce que chacune des branches est dotée d'une chape élastique dans laquelle est articulée la brisure correspondante, que la brisure et le palier de guidage de la barre sont pourvus d'une fente longitudinale à l'orifice de passage de la barre, que le moyen d'articulation et de fixation de la brisure traverse lesdites fentes et que par blocage de celles-ci est réalisé à la fois le blocage en translation de la barre et le blocage de l'articulation des brisures par rapport à la branche correspondante.Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a compass having good angular and transverse rigidity and not subject to the phenomena of bracing of the stiffness bar. For this purpose the compass according to the invention of the type comprising two branches, each of which receiving at its lower end an articulated break, said breaks being automatically parallel by means of a stiffness bar which connects them and is slidably mounted in a guide bearing and one of the breaks is characterized in that each of the branches is provided with an elastic yoke in which the corresponding break is articulated, that the break and the guide bearing of the bar are provided with a longitudinal slot at the orifice for passage of the bar, that the means of articulation and of fixing the breakage crosses said slots and that by blocking of these is carried out both the blocking in translation of the bar and the blocking of the 'articulation of the broken parts with respect to the corresponding branch.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la tige de rigidité coopérant avec les brisures est placée entre leur axe d'articulation et la tête du compas pour éliminer la tendance au flambage de la barre par substitution d'une contrainte de traction flexion à une contrainte de flexion compression.According to another characteristic of the invention, the stiffness rod cooperating with the breaks is placed between their axis of articulation and the head of the compass to eliminate the tendency to buckling of the bar by substitution of a bending tensile stress for a compression bending stress.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront lors de la lecture d'une forme préférentielle de réalisation avec références aux dessins annexés en lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en plan d'un compas suivant l'invention.
  • Les figures 2, 3 et 4 sont des vues des différentes formes de réalisation de la tête du compas.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne AA de la figure 4.
  • La figure 6 est une vue d'une autre forme de réalisation d'un moyen de blocage de la barre et de la brisure par rapport à la branche.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on reading a preferred embodiment with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a compass according to the invention.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 are views of the various embodiments of the head of the compass.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view along line AA of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a view of another embodiment of a locking means of the bar and the break relative to the branch.

Tel que représenté le compas de précision selon l'invention comprend une tête 1 dans laquelle sont articulées deux branches 2 pourvues chacune en extrémité inférieure d'un point d'articulation d'une brisure porte-traceur 3 ou porte-pointe 4 réunies l'une à l'autre par une barre de rigidité 5.As shown, the precision compass according to the invention comprises a head 1 in which two branches 2 are articulated, each provided at the lower end with a point of articulation of a tracer carrier 3 or tip holder 4 joined together. one to the other by a stiffness bar 5.

La tête 1 est constituée par une chape dans laquelle sont montées les deux branches 2 coopérant l'une avec l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux secteurs dentés 6 s'engrenant l'un avec l'autre.The head 1 is constituted by a yoke in which are mounted the two branches 2 cooperating with each other by means of at least two toothed sectors 6 meshing with one another.

Selon une première forme de réalisation comme représenté en figure 2 les branches 2 pleines sont pourvues en extrémité d'une rainure 7 dans laquelle se loge la partie non dentée du secteur.According to a first embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, the solid branches 2 are provided at the end with a groove 7 in which the non-toothed part of the sector is housed.

Cette rainure orientée dans le plan du compas ainsi que le secteur denté sont dotés d'un orifice transversal recevant un moyen d'articulation de ladite branche à la tête 1.This groove oriented in the plane of the compass as well as the toothed sector are provided with a transverse orifice receiving a means of articulation of said branch to the head 1.

Selon un premier exemple de réalisation (figure 2) ce moyen est constitué par un axe 8 cylindrique terminé à chacune de ses extrémités par une calotte sphérique partiellement engagée dans des orifices ménagés dans la chape.According to a first exemplary embodiment (FIG. 2), this means consists of a cylindrical axis 8 terminated at each of its ends by a spherical cap partially engaged in orifices made in the yoke.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation (figure 3) le moyen d'articulation est constitué par deux billes 9 montées chacune dans la branche de part et d'autre de la rainure et s'engageant chacune partiellement dans l'orifice du secteur et dans l'orifice de la chape.According to another exemplary embodiment (FIG. 3) the articulation means consists of two balls 9 each mounted in the branch on either side of the groove and each engaging partially in the orifice of the sector and in the orifice of the screed.

Ces moyens d'articulation sont maintenus en position par serrage d'une vis de la chape qui tend à rapprocher chacune de ses ailes.These articulation means are held in position by tightening a yoke screw which tends to bring each of its wings closer.

Pour assurer le maintien du secteur denté dans sa branche et pour réaliser un assemblage sans jeu l'orifice dudit secteur se trouve décalé au montage par rapport à l'orifice de la branche en sorte que lors de l'engagement du moyen d'articulation le secteur denté soit plaqué contre le fond de la rainure.To maintain the toothed sector in its branch and to perform a clearance-free assembly, the orifice of said sector is offset during assembly with respect to the orifice of the branch so that when the articulation means are engaged toothed sector is pressed against the bottom of the groove.

En outre, pour supprimer tout jeu entre chaque branche et son moyen d'articulation celui-ci est monté en force ou riveté.In addition, to remove any play between each branch and its means of articulation it is mounted in force or riveted.

Selon une autre forme de réalisation comme représentée en figures 4 et 5 chaque secteur denté est constitué de plusieurs lames 10 obtenues par découpage et ensuite assemblées par un rivet 11 à bout par exemple conique pour constituer axe d'articulation sans jeu de la branche à la chape de la tête.According to another embodiment as shown in Figures 4 and 5 each toothed sector consists of several blades 10 obtained by cutting and then assembled by a rivet 11 with an end, for example conical, to form a hinge pin without play of the branch to the head yoke.

Selon cette forme de réalisation la portion non dentée des secteurs s'engage et est fixée dans un orifice ménagé dans la branche 2 ou s'engage et est fixée dans une branche constituée d'un élément tubulaire.According to this embodiment, the non-toothed portion of the sectors engages and is fixed in an orifice formed in the branch 2 or engages and is fixed in a branch consisting of a tubular element.

Selon cette forme de réalisation, le rivet 11 comporte deux embases de rivetages 12 enserrant les lames 10.According to this embodiment, the rivet 11 comprises two riveting bases 12 enclosing the blades 10.

Les extrémités du rivet sont engagées chacune dans un orifice borgne de forme complémentaire par exemple conique ménagé dans une chape 13 montée dans la chape de la tête et fixée à celle-ci par le bouton 1A de manoeuvre du compas.The ends of the rivet are each engaged in a blind orifice of complementary shape, for example conical formed in a yoke 13 mounted in the yoke of the head and fixed to the latter by the button 1A for maneuvering the compass.

Les branches 2 peuvent être réalisées à partir d'un élément longiligne métallique plein'de section transversale par exemple polygonale ou à partir d'un élément tubulaire comme représenté en figure 1 ce qui ne nuit en aucun cas à la rigidité du compas tout en l'allégeant.The branches 2 can be made from a long, metallic element full of cross-section, for example polygonal or from a tubular element as shown in FIG. 1 which in no way affects the rigidity of the compass while l 'lightening.

Préférentiellement comme on peut le voir à l'examen de la figure 1 les branches 2 sont télescopiques et sont constituées par un élément tubulaire contenant 2A et un élément tubulaire contenu 2B susceptible de coulisser sans jeu dans le précédent et de s'y bloquer.Preferably, as can be seen on examining FIG. 1, the branches 2 are telescopic and are constituted by a tubular element containing 2A and a contained tubular element 2B capable of sliding without play in the previous one and of being blocked therein.

L'élément contenant 2A est de préférence articulé à la tête 1 et l'élément contenu 2B est pourvu en extrémité d'une des brisures.The containing element 2A is preferably articulated to the head 1 and the contained element 2B is provided at the end with one of the broken pieces.

De préférence les éléments 2A et 2B par exemple rectangulaires sont constitués par des profilés tubulaires en métal de section transversale polygonale ou obtenus par découpage et cambrage d'une plaque métallique.Preferably the elements 2A and 2B, for example rectangular, are formed by tubular metal profiles of polygonal cross section or obtained by cutting and bending a metal plate.

Pour supprimer le jeu chacun des éléments de chaque branche présente une fente longitudinale permettant une expansion de l'élément contenu dans l'élément contenant et une rétraction de l'élément contenant sur l'élément contenu grâce à leur élasticité naturelle ce qui supprime le jeu au guidage.To remove the play each of the elements of each branch has a longitudinal slit allowing an expansion of the element contained in the containing element and a retraction of the element containing on the contained element thanks to their natural elasticity which eliminates the play guidance.

Lorsque l'on considère une section transversale de la branche (coupe CC) la fente 14 de l'élément 2B et la fente 15 de l'élément 2A sont disposées dans le plan du compas et sont disposées en opposition.When considering a cross section of the branch (section CC) the slot 14 of the element 2B and the slot 15 of the element 2A are arranged in the plane of the compass and are arranged in opposition.

Avantageusement, la fente 14 de l'élément 2B est disposée du côté extérieur au compas suivant son plan pour permettre l'engagement du moyen de blocage dans ledit élément.Advantageously, the slot 14 of the element 2B is disposed on the outside of the compass along its plane to allow the engagement of the locking means in said element.

Ce moyen de blocage de l'élément 2A par rapport à l'élément 2B est par exemple constitué par une vis 16 dont la tête de forme carrée est engagée dans l'élément 2B et dont la tige filetée est engagée dans la fente 14 et dans un orifice ménagé dans l'élément 2A.This locking means of the element 2A with respect to the element 2B is for example constituted by a screw 16 whose square head is engaged in the element 2B and whose threaded rod is engaged in the slot 14 and in an orifice formed in the element 2A.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation, la tête de la vis se présente sous la forme d'un tronc de cône inversé et vient se loger dans un orifice de forme complémentaire ménagé dans une pièce 17 montée dans l'élément 2B.According to another alternative embodiment, the head of the screw is in the form of an inverted truncated cone and is housed in an orifice of complementary shape formed in a part 17 mounted in the element 2B.

La largeur de cette pièce est sensiblement égale ou supérieure à la largeur intérieure de l'élément 2B en sorte que lors du serrage au moyen d'un écrou 18 celle-ci contribue à assurer l'expansion dudit élément 2B dans l'élément 2A ce qui supprime tout jeu et assure à la branche une bonne rigidité.The width of this part is substantially equal to or greater than the internal width of the element 2B so that when tightening by means of a nut 18 the latter contributes to ensuring the expansion of said element 2B in element 2A this which eliminates any play and provides the branch with good rigidity.

Dans sa partie inférieure l'élément 2B présente une section égale à celle de l'élément 2A pour limiter la pénétration de l'un dans l'autre.In its lower part, element 2B has a section equal to that of element 2A to limit the penetration of one into the other.

L'extrémité inférieure des branches 2 ou des éléments 2B reçoit un moyen de blocage et d'articulation des brisures.The lower end of the branches 2 or of the elements 2B receives a means of blocking and articulation of the broken pieces.

Ce moyen est constitué par une vis 19 engagée dans un orifice de la branche et de la brisure et recevant un écrou de blocage.This means consists of a screw 19 engaged in an orifice of the branch and of the break and receiving a locking nut.

Selon une forme de réalisation comme représentée en figure 1, l'extrémité inférieure des branches ou de l'élément 2B est conformée en chape élastique de longueur relativement importante pour recevoir une des brisures et la vis 19. Sous l'action de l'écrou de serrage les flans de la chape sont rapprochés l'un de l'autre et viennent enserrer l'extrémité supérieure de la brisure correspondante pour assurer un blocage angulaire et axial. Au-dessus du point d'articulation des branches 2 est située la barre de rigidité 5 qui subit lors du traçage une contrainte de flexion traction et non une contrainte de flexion compression préjudiciable à la précision du tracé ce qui est le cas dans les compas de l'art antérieur.According to an embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the lower end of the branches or of the element 2B is shaped as an elastic yoke of relatively large length to receive one of the broken pieces and the screw 19. Under the action of the nut tightening the blanks of the yoke are brought together and enclose the upper end of the corresponding break to ensure angular and axial locking. Above the articulation point of the branches 2 is located the stiffness bar 5 which undergoes during tracing a tensile bending stress and not a compressive bending stress detrimental to the accuracy of the layout which is the case in the compass prior art.

La barre de rigidité par exemple de forme cylindrique, en métal est perpendiculaire à chacune des brisures.The stiffness bar, for example of cylindrical shape, made of metal is perpendicular to each of the broken pieces.

Cette barre est fixée par l'une de ses extrémités sur l'une des brisures et est susceptible de coulisser et de se .fixer dans l'autre. Comme on le comprend quelle que soit la position angulaire des branches 2 cette disposition permet d'assurer le parallélisme automatique des brisures entre elles.This bar is fixed by one of its ends to one of the broken pieces and is capable of sliding and of being fixed in the other. As can be understood, whatever the angular position of the branches 2, this arrangement ensures automatic parallelism of the breaks between them.

Selon une forme préférée de réalisation comme représentée en figure 1, la barre 5 est dotée à une de ses extrémités d'un filetage mâle pour venir se visser dans un orifice taraudé ménagé dans la brisure porte traceur 3.According to a preferred embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the bar 5 is provided at one of its ends with a male thread so as to be screwed into a threaded orifice formed in the breakage of the plotter door 3.

La brisure porte-pointe 4 est pourvue au-dessus de son axe d'articulation d'un orifice cylindrique dans lequel peut coulisser la barre 5.The tip-holder break 4 is provided above its articulation axis with a cylindrical orifice in which the bar 5 can slide.

Cet orifice est axialement prolongé par un palier de guidage 20 de la barre 5.This orifice is axially extended by a guide bearing 20 of the bar 5.

La longueur du palier de guidage est calculée en tenant compte des lois mécaniques régissant l'arc-boutement pour éviter le phénomène angulaire des branches.The length of the guide bearing is calculated taking into account the mechanical laws governing bracing to avoid the angular phenomenon of the branches.

Pour un écart de quelques millimètres la longueur de la portion de guidage sera de quelques centimètres.For a deviation of a few millimeters, the length of the guide portion will be a few centimeters.

La portion de guidage est dotée d'une fente diamétrale à son orifice cylindrique et longitudinale susceptible de se déformer par l'action du moyen de serrage et d'articulation pour venir bloquer la barre 5 en translation.The guide portion is provided with a diametral slot at its cylindrical and longitudinal orifice capable of being deformed by the action of the clamping and articulation means to block the bar 5 in translation.

La vis du moyen de serrage et d'articulation de la brisure 4 est engagée dans un orifice cylindrique ménagé sous l'orifice du pallier de guidage et débouchant dans la fente diamétrale, cette vis avantageusement reçoit un écrou 21 à papillon ou à blocage manuel pour faciliter le blocage ou le déblocage.The screw of the clamping and articulation means of the break 4 is engaged in a cylindrical orifice formed under the orifice of the guide bearing and opening into the diametrical slot, this screw advantageously receives a butterfly nut 21 or with manual locking for facilitate blocking or unblocking.

Le fait de bloquer la barre en translation conjointement au blocage des brisures par rapport aux branches permet une immobilisation des branches et confère au compas une bonne rigidité angulaire et transversale nécessaire à un traçage précis.The fact of blocking the bar in translation together with the blocking of the breaks relative to the branches allows immobilization of the branches and gives the compass good angular and transverse rigidity necessary for precise tracing.

Suivant une autre forme de réalisation comme représentée en figure 6, le blocage de la barre 5 est assuré automatiquement par un système du type à déformation élastique.According to another embodiment as shown in FIG. 6, the blocking of the bar 5 is ensured automatically by a system of the type with elastic deformation.

A cet effet, la brisure 4 et le palier de guidage sont fendus au dessus de leur axe longitudinal.To this end, the break 4 and the guide bearing are split above their longitudinal axis.

L'extrémité fendue de la brisure est dotée d'un orifice de passage d'un moyen d'articulation et de blocage à la branche 2.The split end of the break has an orifice for the passage of an articulation and blocking means to the branch 2.

Ce moyen est avantageusement constitué par une vis 23 servant d'axe d'articulation à la brisure 4 qui à l'aide d'un levier 24 va assurer le blocage de la barre 5 et de l'articulation.This means is advantageously constituted by a screw 23 serving as an axis of articulation for the break 4 which, using a lever 24, will block the bar 5 and the articulation.

Le levier 24 est doté à une de ses extrémités d'un orifice de passage de la vis, le diamètre dudit orifice étant cependant inférieur au diamètre de la tête qui vient en butée contre ledit levier.The lever 24 is provided at one of its ends with an orifice for the passage of the screw, the diameter of said orifice being however less than the diameter of the head which abuts against said lever.

L'extrémité basse du levier comporte un bossage centré à l'axe de la vis pour constituer un point d'appui.The lower end of the lever has a boss centered on the axis of the screw to form a fulcrum.

Entre le levier et la branche 2 est disposé un organe élastique par exemple un ressort 25 à lame coudé, et bloqué par une de ses extrémités dans un orifice ménagé dans la branche 2.Between the lever and the branch 2 is disposed an elastic member, for example a spring 25 with an angled leaf, and blocked by one of its ends in an orifice formed in the branch 2.

Ce ressort a pour but d'éloigner le levier de la branche 2 et va provoquer à l'aide de la vis le rapprochement des parties fendues de la brisure et par conséquent la déformation élastique de la portion de guidage qui pincera la barre 5.The purpose of this spring is to move the lever away from the branch 2 and will cause, using the screw, the bringing together of the split parts of the breakage and consequently the elastic deformation of the guide portion which will pinch the bar 5.

Par compression du ressort 25 comme on le comprend aisément la barre se trouve libérée et peut coulisser dans la portion de guidage.By compression of the spring 25 as can easily be understood, the bar is released and can slide in the guide portion.

Selon une autre forme de réalisation, la légère rotation de la pièce porte-pointe ou le rapprochement ou l'éloignement de la branche de la brisure est provoquée par l'action d'une vis filetée à pas différentiel coopérant respectivement avec la dite pièce porte-pointe et avec la brisure 4..According to another embodiment, the slight rotation of the tip-holder part or the approximation or the distance of the branch from the breakage is caused by the action of a threaded screw with differential pitch cooperating respectively with said door part - tip and with the break 4 ..

Selon une autre forme de réalisation connue représentée en figure 1, la pièce porte-pointe 37 se présente sous la forme d'un U, entre les ailes duquel est disposée la pointe du compas.According to another known embodiment shown in Figure 1, the tip holder part 37 is in the form of a U, between the wings of which the tip of the compass is disposed.

Cette pièce est logée et articulée par un axe 38 dans une rainure longitudinale ménagée dans la brisure.This part is housed and articulated by an axis 38 in a longitudinal groove formed in the break.

L'élasticité naturelle de la pièce 36 provoque l'écartement de chacune de ses ailes dans la rainure ce qui supprime le jeu.The natural elasticity of the part 36 causes the spacing of each of its wings in the groove which eliminates the play.

Le talon de la pièce porte-pointe est disposé à l'extérieur de la rainure et coopère avec un organe élastique tel un ressort à lame 39 enroulé autour de l'axe 38 et coopérant également avec la brisure. Sous l'action de l'organe élastique la pièce porte-pointe a tendance à pivoter autour de l'axe 38.The heel of the toe piece is disposed outside the groove and cooperates with an elastic member such as a leaf spring 39 wound around the axis 38 and also cooperating with the break. Under the action of the elastic member, the tip-holder part tends to pivot around the axis 38.

Cette action est contrebalancée par un organe de réglage constitué par une vis et écrou.This action is counterbalanced by an adjusting member constituted by a screw and nut.

Cette tige filetée a un bout conique 40 recevant un écrou de réglage 41 venant en appui contre la brisure.This threaded rod has a conical end 40 receiving an adjusting nut 41 which comes to bear against the breakage.

La pointe du compas est bloquée dans la pièce 37 par une vis et écrou à tête conique plaquant ladite pointe contre le talon ce qui permet d'éviter le pincement des ailes.The point of the compass is locked in the part 37 by a screw and nut with conical head pressing said point against the heel which makes it possible to avoid pinching the wings.

La brisure porte-traceur 3 est dotée d'une tige filetée de fixation des supports des organes traceurs tels qu'une mine et un traceur à encre.The tracer carrier break 3 is provided with a threaded rod for fixing the supports of the tracer members such as a mine and an ink tracer.

Le support du traceur à encre est fixé à demeure à la brisure par un bouton moleté avec contre écrou vissé tous deux sur la tige filetée. Cette tige est prolongée vers le bas par une partie creuse filetée extérieurement conformée en extrémité en pince pour recevoir une mine.The ink plotter support is permanently fixed to the break by a knurled button with lock nut screwed both on the threaded rod. This rod is extended downwards by an externally threaded hollow part shaped as a gripper end to receive a lead.

Cette pince coopère avec un dispositif de blocage classique.This clamp cooperates with a conventional locking device.

Cette disposition permet d'effectuer un tracé à l'aide de la mine sans pour autant se voir dans l'obligation de démonter le support de l'organe de traçage à l'encre.This arrangement makes it possible to trace with the aid of the mine without being obliged to dismantle the support of the ink tracing member.

La présente invention permet de réaliser un compas de grande précision et grande facilité d'utilisation par groupement des organes avec économie de gestes.The present invention makes it possible to produce a compass of great precision and great ease of use by grouping the organs with economy of gestures.

Il va de soi que la présente invention peut recevoir tous aménagements ou variante sans pour autant sortir du cadre de présentes revendications.It goes without saying that the present invention can receive any arrangements or variant without departing from the scope of these claims.

Claims (6)

1. Precision type compass comprising two legs (2) each one accommodating at its lower end a hinged attachment, these said attachments (3) (4) are held automatically parallel by means of a stiffener bar (5) which interconnects the said attachments and is slide-fitted in a guide bearing (20) of one of the attachments (3) (4), characterized in that each of the legs is equipped with a flexible yoke in which is hinged the corresponding attachment, in that attachment (4) and guide bearing of bar (5) are provided with a slot longitudinal to the through hole of bar (5), in that the hinge and attachment device (19) of attachment (4) traverses the said slots and that the blocking of these slots also blocks bar (5) in lateral direction and blocks hinge movement of attachments (3) (4) with respect to corresponding legs (2).
2. Precision compass according to claim 1, characterized in that the legs (2) are each comprised of two telescopic elements, a housing element (2A) and a housed element (2B) equipped at its end with an attachment hinged in a yoke, accommodating a stiffener bar, which always forms, for aill openings, a triangular arrangement between the legs and the stiffener bar.
3. Precision compass according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the through hole for stiffener bar (5) in the attachment is extended by an outer guide bearing (20).
4. Precision compass according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffener bar (5) interconnecting the attachments is located above their hinge axis (19).
5. Precision compass according to claim 1, characterized in that the consecutive blocking of bar (5) in lateral direction and hinge movement of attachments (3) (4) with respect to corresponding leg (2) is achieved by a lever (24) accommodated by one of the legs (2) controlled by a spring (25).
6. Precision compass according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the legs (2) are both comprised of an open housing element (2A) in which housed tubular element (2B) slides and is blocked, these two elements being provided with a longitudinal slot (15) (14) and that housed element tends to expand in housing element which itself tends to retract over housed element.
EP80401223A 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar Expired EP0046830B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80401223T ATE16574T1 (en) 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 PRECISION COMPASS WITH ARTICULATED HANDLE AND RIGID ROD.
EP80401223A EP0046830B1 (en) 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar
DE8080401223T DE3071252D1 (en) 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP80401223A EP0046830B1 (en) 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046830A1 EP0046830A1 (en) 1982-03-10
EP0046830B1 true EP0046830B1 (en) 1985-11-21

Family

ID=8187393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401223A Expired EP0046830B1 (en) 1980-08-27 1980-08-27 Precision compass with articulated legs and rigid cross-bar

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0046830B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE16574T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3071252D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
YU45594B (en) * 1984-02-22 1992-07-20 Đorde Rabatić UNIVERSAL GEOMETRIC AID
DE3544537A1 (en) * 1985-12-17 1987-09-10 Ulrich Dipl Ing Schuh CORDED DUCT RAIL WITH HIDDEN CORDS AND INSERTABLE CORD LEAD
DE4215336C2 (en) * 1992-05-09 1997-06-26 Dieter Oswald Compasses
CN102390202B (en) * 2011-08-18 2013-08-21 河南师范大学 Multifunctional divider calipers

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE493458C (en) * 1930-03-06 Bayerische Reisszeugfabrik A G Compass with fine adjustment device for the one compass tip
DE79668C (en) *
GB189524765A (en) * 1895-12-27 1896-10-17 Robert Lund Donkin Trammel Compass and Divider.
BE488355A (en) * 1948-04-09
FR1021055A (en) * 1950-06-28 1953-02-13 Advanced compass, for designers
US2701917A (en) * 1952-11-13 1955-02-15 Piab Ab Compass
CH379777A (en) * 1960-03-11 1964-07-15 Piab Ab Compasses for drawing
GB934034A (en) * 1962-06-08 1963-08-14 Yut Chow An improved drawing instrument
FR2451831A1 (en) * 1979-03-20 1980-10-17 Bras Jean Precision compass for drawing - has bar fitted to one hinged leg near joint with end passing through other hinged leg for fixing nut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE16574T1 (en) 1985-12-15
EP0046830A1 (en) 1982-03-10
DE3071252D1 (en) 1986-01-02

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