EP0046920A2 - Méthode de développement électrophotographique en couleur sur une bande mobile - Google Patents

Méthode de développement électrophotographique en couleur sur une bande mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046920A2
EP0046920A2 EP81106396A EP81106396A EP0046920A2 EP 0046920 A2 EP0046920 A2 EP 0046920A2 EP 81106396 A EP81106396 A EP 81106396A EP 81106396 A EP81106396 A EP 81106396A EP 0046920 A2 EP0046920 A2 EP 0046920A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image carrier
image
development
air
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81106396A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0046920A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Simm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert AG
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
Publication of EP0046920A2 publication Critical patent/EP0046920A2/fr
Publication of EP0046920A3 publication Critical patent/EP0046920A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
    • G03G15/101—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer for wetting the recording material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G17/00—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process
    • G03G17/04—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process using photoelectrophoresis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for electrophotographic color image development, according to which charge images are made visible by electrophoretic deposition of color toners on a belt-shaped, continuously moving image carrier in development units, and for which contact electrodes, development electrodes and blocking nozzles for the developer liquid are used.
  • a latent electric charge can be obtained electrophotographically by projecting an image onto a precharged photoconductor layer can generate image that can be transferred to a thin, insulating film.
  • This secondary charge pattern can be made visible on the folle by electrophoretic development.
  • a process is known from US Pat. No. 4,168,973, according to which excerpt images of a color template are applied as charge images to a stretched film strip which moves continuously in one direction, coverage being achieved by suitable control of the transmission elements.
  • the film strip passes through a developing unit after each charge image transfer, in which the image is made visible in the corresponding separation color. It is necessary that only the image side of the film is brought into contact with the electrophoretic developer and the developer liquid is brought up from below to the horizontally moving belt.
  • Color filters are used to generate the primary charge images corresponding to the separation images on the surface of photoconductor layers, which are on metal drums are applied. These drums are arranged at suitable mutual distances in a row so that they touch the back of the film strip at the image transfer points. The image is transferred at these points by charging the opposite side (image side) of the film to the same potential at all points, whereby an image-like charge density distribution automatically occurs on the film surface.
  • image transmission tubes of known type, which are supplied with nitrogen, are used.
  • each drum has the disadvantages that small differences in the drum diameters or small eccentricities of the axis positions necessarily lead to displacements in relation to the belt.
  • the stretched tape guide also has the disadvantage that the contact area between the film and the drum is very narrow and that slight vibrations of the tape can therefore already lead to contact problems.
  • the obvious enlargement of the area by partial wrapping and curvature of the film web at this point is also not possible here because of the way the development unit operates, which is limited to a horizontal position.
  • the drying time for the carrier tape for removing the liquid layer is also of great importance, and relatively long drying distances are required in a continuous process.
  • the invention is therefore based on the task of creating an improved development method of the type mentioned, in which in one electrophotographic color copying the disadvantages described above do not occur.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the development of the image in the development unit is carried out with a substantial deviation ⁇ in the direction of movement of the image carrier from the horizontal.
  • the developing devices and the drums are equidistant from a common reference point and for the axially parallel drums a sufficient wrap is achieved by the image carrier, which precisely matches the peripheral speed of the drums with the image carrier speed and has a large contact area between the image carrier and the image transfer rollers.
  • the image carrier is guided along the flat surfaces of the contact electrode, the surfaces of the contact electrode and the development electrode enclosing an angle ⁇ which opens in the running direction of the image carrier.
  • the opening angle B is set to a size of 0.1 to 3 degrees, preferably 0.5 to 1 degree .
  • a curved blocking nozzle or a V-shaped blocking nozzle can also be used.
  • the measure for controlling the flow conditions is that specially shaped blocking nozzles or combinations of blocking nozzles are used which generate a flow component of the outflowing air directed towards the center in the edge zones of the carrier web.
  • the image carrier is guided past a combination of blocking nozzles, which consists of a frontal nozzle with an air outlet opening transversely to the image carrier and two side nozzles which are arranged symmetrically to one another in the edge zones such that the center line of the outlet openings converge in the direction of movement of the image carrier.
  • Development units of the design described are completely stable and functional at a belt speed of, for example, 20 cm / s and an inclination angle ⁇ of 50 degrees.
  • a further surprising distribution shows a method in which the image carrier is guided past an air doctor blade which is operated with a higher air pressure than the blocking nozzle of the development unit immediately after passing through the development unit.
  • the air pressure upstream of the air outlet opening of the air knife is to twice to 20 times the value, preferably to 5 to 10 times the value of the pressure in the Sperrdüse CHANGES IN shim set.
  • An air knife is understood here to mean an air nozzle in the design of the blocking nozzle, but its use takes place outside the development unit and under a significantly higher operating pressure.
  • the air outlet speed is so high that the liquid component, which is harmful to the permanent adhesion of the toner, can be removed by the pressure of the air flow.
  • the remaining liquid can then be removed in a short time by warm air drying of the finished image, which is shown in all colors.
  • the treatment with the air knife is carried out after each development of a color separation.
  • the width of the air gap of both the blocking nozzle and the air knife is in the range from 0.1 to 0.4 mm, preferably 0.2 mm.
  • Both outlet openings for the compressed air are arranged at a distance of 0.2 to 1.0 mm in front of the image side of the image carrier. The distance is preferably 0.4 mm.
  • the angle between the blowing direction of both nozzles and the running direction of the image carrier is in the range from 90 to 135 degrees, preferably 110 degrees.
  • the function of the method for using the air knife is largely independent of the inclination of the image carrier.
  • the process can therefore also be carried out without difficulty with development units which are functional in a steep inclined position.
  • the process for electrophotographic color image development delivers true-color, bleed-free images, the production of which is made possible by the special development process.
  • the method makes it possible to use drums on which the electrostatic charge images are generated and then copied onto the image carrier, which are arranged in the axis-parallel position at the same distance from a common reference point and which are partially touched
  • Wrapping can be made to rotate by the image carrier.
  • the drums rotate in precise accordance with their peripheral speed with the l web speed.
  • a very advantageous type of drive was thus found, which at the same time allows distortion-free transfer of the toner image from the transfer roller to the image carrier during a partial wrap around the transfer roller.
  • Fig. 1 shows the development device consisting of a development electrode 1, a metal block, which is penetrated with channels 2 for the passage of liquid, a grid electrode 3 as a support for the band-shaped image carrier 4 and an arrangement of known corotron units 5, the spray wires 6 together a high voltage supply 7 are connected.
  • the developer liquid 8 is removed from the container 9 by a pump system 10 and fed to the channels 2 in a uniform distribution via the feed pipe 11 and a distributor plate 12. Through the channels the liquid penetrates into the development zone 14 between the flat electrode surface and the image carrier web.
  • the image carrier 4 is only wetted with the developer liquid 8 on the underside and only in a surface section which does not reach the edge of the carrier web.
  • the liquid 8 flows back into the tub 13 via the edge of the development electrode 1 and through return channels, which are not visible in the drawing, and is returned to the container 9 through the return pipe 15 and a subsequent line.
  • the image carrier 4 passes through the device in the direction of the arrow from top right to bottom left, the grid electrode 3 and the guide cylinder 17 being touched by the back of the carrier web, while the charged image side comes into contact with the developer liquid 8 in the development zone 14.
  • the blocking nozzle 16 prevents the liquid 8 from escaping on the lower boundary wall of the tub 13. For this purpose, air is pressed into the nozzle in the direction of the arrow and pressed against the image carrier via a narrow outlet gap 18, which is arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the image carrier 4.
  • the development unit is functional with a horizontal passage of the image carrier and in a slightly inclined position with a gradient ⁇ of, for example, 5 or 10 degrees.
  • a gradient ⁇ of, for example, 5 or 10 degrees Under a steep gradient, in which the image carrier 4 makes an angle ⁇ of, for example, 50 degrees with the horizontal Includes, the liquid B penetrates under the influence of gravity close to the gap opening 18 of the nozzle 16, accumulates in front of the nozzle 16 and dodges to the side, in order to then flow uncontrollably into the environment.
  • the first measure consists in that the flat surfaces of the electrodes enclosing the development zone 14, namely the grid electrode 3 and the development electrode 1, are not arranged parallel to one another, but in such a way that they enclose an angle ⁇ which opens in the running direction of the carrier tape.
  • the opening angle ⁇ is chosen between 0.1 and 3 degrees, preferably between 0.5 and 1 degree.
  • the concentration of the liquid 8 in the central part of the carrier web when it emerges from the development zone is necessary for a stable mode of operation of the development device, but is not sufficient since the amount stowed in front of the blocking nozzle 16 is often so large that it subsequently runs apart over the edge of the Image carrier 4 is also unavoidable.
  • the second of the above-mentioned measures for controlling the flow conditions is that specially shaped blocking nozzles or combinations of blocking nozzles are used which generate a flow component of the outflowing air directed towards the center in the edge zones of the carrier web.
  • nozzle arrangements of this type are shown as examples a to c.
  • the combination of blocking nozzles in Fig. 2a has a concentral nozzle 19 with a gap position transversely to the image carrier 4 and two side nozzles 20, 21, which are arranged symmetrically in the edge zones so that the elongated center lines converge in the longitudinal direction of the column in the direction of the direction of movement of the image carrier .
  • a V-shaped nozzle 22 which consists of two rectilinear parts which form an angle with one another, the tip of which points in the running direction of the carrier tape.
  • Development units of the construction described are surprisingly completely stable and functional at a belt speed of, for example, 20 cm / s and an inclination angle .L of 50 degrees.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the method relates to post-treatment of the developed image carrier surface as an extension of the development process. especially the blurring currents in the picture and the lengthy drying process are improved.
  • the pressure in front of the gap opening which are that the pressure is not may be too low so that the liquid 8 does not break through the barrier zone of the nozzle 16, and may not be so high that the liquid 8 is sprayed or atomized and thus the normal backflow into the collecting container 13 is prevented.
  • the permissible operating pressure is, for example, in the range between 9 and 11 m bar.
  • an image carrier that is not significantly absorbent, e.g. a polyester film, a 1 to 2 ⁇ m thick liquid layer back after the image development, which is able to take up a new charge image when passing through the tracing device, but which favors a later bleeding of the developed image.
  • the air outlet speed is so high that the liquid component, which is harmful to the permanent adhesion of the toner, can be removed by the pressure of the air flow.
  • the remaining liquid can then be removed in a short time by drying the finished image in all colors with warm air.
  • the treatment with the air knife is carried out after each development of a color separation.
  • the improvement of the system is thus that the image carrier is guided past an air doctor blade 26 (FIG. 1), which is operated with a higher air pressure than the blocking nozzle of the development unit, immediately after passing through the development unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows the air doctor blade 26 with the air outlet opening 27 below the guide cylinder 28.
  • a collecting trough 29 is arranged, the drain pipe socket 30 of which projects into a suction bottle 31. Sucking off the air via the connection point 32 for a suction device prevents liquid drops which become detached from the carrier web in the air flow from reaching the surroundings. If the image carrier 4 passes through the arrangement according to FIG. 1, the liquid film is pushed together on the carrier surface by the powerful air flow of the doctor blade 26 and the liquid 8 drips into the collecting trough 29.
  • the air pressure in front of the outlet opening of the air knife 26 is set to twice to twenty times the pressure in the blocking nozzle 16. It is preferable to work with 5 to 10 times the pressure.
  • the width of the air gap of both the blocking nozzle 16 and the air knife 26 is in the range from 0.1 to 0.4 mm, preferably 0.2 mm. Both outlet openings for the compressed air are arranged at a distance of 0.1 to 1.0 mm in front of the image side of the image carrier. The distance is preferably 0.4 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ between the blowing direction of both nozzles and the running direction of the carrier tape is in the range from 90 to 135 degrees, preferably 100 degrees.
  • the function of the arrangement shown for the application of the air doctor blade 26 is largely independent of the inclination ⁇ of the carrier web.
  • the device can therefore be easily combined with development units that are functional even in steep inclined positions.
  • the devices 33 and 34 are corotron units of a known type.
  • the spray wires 35 and 36 are connected to DC voltage sources, they are connected to potentials of different signs (+ V and -V) and send accordingly speaking in the corona discharge negative and positive gas ions from which reach the image carrier 4 through the grid electrodes 37 and 38.
  • the residual charge is also eliminated by the application of gas ions via grid electrodes 37, 38.
  • the polarity of the ions depends on the sign of the charge on the image. For example, if the charge was negative, the residual charge is also negative and the compensation must be done on the image side with positive ions.
  • the charge image thus created for each color separation is copied onto the image carrier 4 in a known manner at the contact points of the drums with the image carrier 4 by means of transmission tubes 66, 67, 68.
  • the band-shaped image carrier 4 consists of transparent, insulating material, for example polyester film or polycarbonate film. After the image transfer, the charge remaining on the photoconductor layer is removed by diffuse exposure to the erasing lamps 48, 49, 50, after which a new homogeneous charge takes place.
  • the copied charge image arrives immediately after the transfer into one of the development devices 51, 52, 53 described in FIG. 1, in which the separation image is developed in the complementary color.
  • the red separation is given the cyan color
  • the green separation the magenta color
  • the blue separation a yellow color.
  • the image sequence and the image carrier speed speed are so coordinated that a coherent application of the partial images results in a color image in the end result.
  • the entire guidance of the image carrier 4 takes place in such a way that the film strip is removed from the supply roll 54 and transported in a mechanically tensioned state over the drums 42, 43, 44, 55, 56 and 57.
  • the speed-determining element is the main drive drum 55, which is driven by a motor 58.
  • the tape is electrically charged with a corotron 59.
  • a second drive motor 58 which drives the drum 57, provides the pulling force for the further path of the image carrier 4.
  • the image carrier 4 with the developed image passes through a drying section between the drums 56 and 57, where the rest of the developer liquid is heated with a warm air blower 60- is eliminated.
  • the transparent image carrier 4 is laminated with a white base 63, the toner image being fixed in the interface between the film and the base.
  • the material for the lamination is, for example, a self-adhesive, white cardboard which is pulled off the roll 62 and pressed onto the film with the adhesive layer.
  • a protective film 64 for the adhesive layer of the white base 63 is discharged through the pair of drums 65.
  • the device described in Fig. 3 provides true-color, bleed-free images, the production of which by the special development facilities according to the Er finding is made possible.
  • a special technical feature of the device for carrying out the method is the arrangement of the drums in such a way that they are at the same distance from a common reference point when they are in the position parallel to the axis.
  • Another feature is the sole drive of the drums coated with the photoconductor by contact with the moving carrier belt. This type of drive, which is advantageous because of the necessary precise agreement of the peripheral speed of the drums with the belt speed, was only possible due to the partial wrapping of the drums and the inclination of the development units according to the invention which is necessary for this.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Color Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP81106396A 1980-08-30 1981-08-18 Méthode de développement électrophotographique en couleur sur une bande mobile Withdrawn EP0046920A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803032835 DE3032835A1 (de) 1980-08-30 1980-08-30 Verfahren zur elektrophotographischen farbbildentwicklung auf einem kontinuierlich bewegten bildtraeger
DE3032835 1980-08-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046920A2 true EP0046920A2 (fr) 1982-03-10
EP0046920A3 EP0046920A3 (fr) 1983-04-27

Family

ID=6110828

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81106396A Withdrawn EP0046920A3 (fr) 1980-08-30 1981-08-18 Méthode de développement électrophotographique en couleur sur une bande mobile

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4383019A (fr)
EP (1) EP0046920A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5773747A (fr)
DE (1) DE3032835A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0203720A1 (fr) * 1985-05-06 1986-12-03 Photon Chroma Inc Système de contrôle de l'écoulemnt du toner pour un élément d'une carte à ouverture ou d'un film à microfiches
EP0097492B1 (fr) * 1982-06-18 1987-01-21 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Appareil de développement liquide pour électrophotographie

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4515463A (en) * 1982-07-30 1985-05-07 Photon Chroma, Inc. Inclined toner flow control system for developing an electrostatic latent image upon an electrophotographic film
US4870462A (en) * 1988-09-15 1989-09-26 Precision Image Corporation Slug flow air stream apparatus for drying liquid toned images
US4883018A (en) * 1988-10-28 1989-11-28 Xerox Corporation Liquid ink development system
US5023668A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-06-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Method and apparatus for adhesive transfer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854813A (en) * 1972-01-01 1974-12-17 A Kaufman Electrostatic printing apparatus using charge induced toning
DE2625393A1 (de) * 1976-06-05 1977-12-15 Agfa Gevaert Ag Verfahren zum umdruck elektrostatischen ladungsbilder zur darstellung von farbbildern
JPS5388734A (en) * 1977-01-14 1978-08-04 Canon Inc Transfer device
JPS54126032A (en) * 1978-03-24 1979-09-29 Ricoh Co Ltd Charger

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0097492B1 (fr) * 1982-06-18 1987-01-21 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Appareil de développement liquide pour électrophotographie
EP0203720A1 (fr) * 1985-05-06 1986-12-03 Photon Chroma Inc Système de contrôle de l'écoulemnt du toner pour un élément d'une carte à ouverture ou d'un film à microfiches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0046920A3 (fr) 1983-04-27
US4383019A (en) 1983-05-10
JPS5773747A (en) 1982-05-08
DE3032835A1 (de) 1982-04-15

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