Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
  • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
  • E04B1/34331—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by three-dimensional elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
  • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
  • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a building assembly comprising components which are intended for use as building units.
• the manufacturer as a rule must possess exact prior knowledge of the size and appearance of the finished house, which, in other words, means that freedom of selection for the contractor is restricted if he intends to build the house substantially only from prefabricated sections.
• One exception to this rule is the prefabrication and use of housing sections which are to be mounted in on-site constructed house skeletons.
• the prefabricated housing sections such as storeys, can be used for the erection of different building complexes but it is normally necessary first to raise a building framev/ork on the site.
• modules normally box beams of sheet metal with projecting flanges.
• these modules consist of open frames, for example of hexagonal or rectangular shape, and, hence, are not complete modules but must first be 5 supplemented with walls, ceiling and floor structure, and, in addition, with interior fittings.
• French patent specification 1,269,321 describes a number of open box-like modules, i.e. frameworks , which can be inscribed in prismatic bodies whose cross-sections
• framework modules 10 are in the form of squares or other regular polygons. The purpose is that these framework modules should be covered by wall-forming units of several different types .
• prefabricated building units and sections are limited because of current regulations for road t 35 transport and available transport means.
• transport containers are built in standard sizes which, as a rule, satisfy current regulations for road transport. Consequently, it should be taken for granted that it is ossible to trans ort refabricated buildin sections ("modules") of such a size and weight as do not exceed the maximum permissible size and weight for transport of loaded containers.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a building assembly which consists of an optional number of building units of only two different types which are intended for use for house construction purposes and which are so constructed that they may readily be assembled to form transport "boxes" which are of desired, for example maximum container standard size, and themselves protect the interior of the "boxes".
• FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of four building units according to the invention and, more precisely, two building units of a first, and two building units of a second major type;
• Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a transport "box" composed of the building units in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a building complex composed of the units in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 in horizontal section, shows a building or part of a house body composed of a number of building units of the type shown in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 shows a larger building complex which is also composed of building units of the type shown in Fig. 1.
• Fig. 1 illustrates * two building components or units ⁇ la, lb which are constructed according to the present invention and each of which is substantially in the form of one half of a parallelepipedal box which is divided along a diagonal plane. If each unit la, lb is covered along the diagonal side, the unit will thus have the form of a right-angled triangular prism.
• the other two building units 2a, 2b are in the form of rectangular panels of a length and width which correspond to the above-mentioned diagonal plane, i.e. the hypotenuse side of the prism la, lb.
• the two hollow "prismatic" building units la, lb open at the longitudinal base can be assembled to form a parallelepipedal box. They can also be assembled together with the rectangular units 2a, 2b so that these cover the open sides of the "prismatic" units to form a box of the type illustrated in Fig. 2.
• the units la, lb, 2a, 2b are preferably so dimensioned that, when assembled as shown in Fig. 2, they form a transport box of a size which corresponds to a container standard size.
• Fig. 3 illustrates a housing body which consists of two "prismatic" building units la, lb resting on bases 3, and two horizontal panel-like building units 2a, 2b extending therebetween.
• the upright "prismatic" units la, lb in Fig. 3 form a load-bearing framework and angular house end wall sections for a two-storey building or for two storeys of a building, while the two panel-like sections 2a, 2b form a roof and a floor structure or two floor structures if the building unit of Fig. 1 is assumed to form part of a multi-storey building .
• the housing body shown in horizontal section in Fig. 4 consists of at least two upright "prismatic" building units la, lb which form house end wall sections and have inner walls consisting of panel-like units 2a, 2b which are provided with openings and doors 3, 4, 5 which cover these openings. It is further shown that these end wall sections la, lb have interior fittings for toilet rooms which may be and preferably are installed in conjunction with the pref brication stage and are protected during transport and handling as a result of the box arrangement in Fig. 2. Moreover, the housing body of Fig.
• Fig. 4 includes a number of horizontal box-like storeys or storey sections extending between the "prismatic" units and consisting of "prismatic" units la, lb assembled to box form, which may also have been provided with the desired equipment. for the contemplated purpose in conjunction with the prefabrication stage.
• Fig. 5 shows a complex erected and composed from the same type of building units as the units in Fig. 1. Schematic Fig. 5- shows, without the need for any further explanation, an example of how horizontal "boxes" of pairwise assembled "prismatic” ' units la, lb, simple " upright “prismatic” units 1 (i.e. la or lb) as frameworks, and panel-like units 2 (i.e.
• prefabricated houses can be transported in the form of compact, protected units of an unusually small number (two) of different types, from which at least the major parts of houses can be rapidly erected with a floor structure width and, thus, room width larger than the height or width of the """D*- ; - * - • • - ⁇ U transport boxes when being transported.
• the size and the maximum height of the houses are not restricted by the limited dimensions of the transport boxes, as will be readily appreciated from the example in Fig. 5.
• loose equipment parts and elements can also be consigned with the transport to the building site.
• the "prismatic" units which are built to form frames serving as upright pillars, can be provided with inner transverse partitions which can form "cells" with floor structure etc. for room units and/or may serve as rigidifying members.
• the invention is not restricted to the types of housing shown in the drawings. Building assemblies according to the invention which may be combined to the form and function of transport boxes, in fact permit such extensive combination possibilities that it is practically impossible to show and describe them all .

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
• Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20340877

Family Applications (1)

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• 1980
  • 1980-04-30 SE SE8003269A patent/SE8003269L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1981
  • 1981-04-30 DE DE813146416A patent/DE3146416A1/de active Pending
  • 1981-04-30 AU AU71512/81A patent/AU7151281A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1981-04-30 WO PCT/SE1981/000133 patent/WO1981003193A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1981-04-30 EP EP19810901120 patent/EP0051070A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1981-04-30 GB GB8137571A patent/GB2085508A/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1981-04-30 JP JP56501487A patent/JPS57500657A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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