EP0055342B1 - Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metalldrähten - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metalldrähten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0055342B1
EP0055342B1 EP81108161A EP81108161A EP0055342B1 EP 0055342 B1 EP0055342 B1 EP 0055342B1 EP 81108161 A EP81108161 A EP 81108161A EP 81108161 A EP81108161 A EP 81108161A EP 0055342 B1 EP0055342 B1 EP 0055342B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crucible
melt
metal
spout
metal charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108161A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0055342A1 (de
Inventor
Ranjan Ray
Lee E. Tanner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Allied Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allied Corp filed Critical Allied Corp
Publication of EP0055342A1 publication Critical patent/EP0055342A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0055342B1 publication Critical patent/EP0055342B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for chill casting of metallic materials.
  • a high melting or a reactive material is employed. Alloys containing large concentrations of titanium, zirconium, niobium, vanadium, chromium, and the like, when molten are known to react with refractory crucible materials such as alumina, fused silica, zirconia, thoria, yttria, beryllia, and the like. Reaction with the crucible can cause: contamination of the melt which can result in embrittlement of the cast filament; formation of insoluble inclusions in the melt which can reduce the fluidity of the melt, and thereby changing its casting characteristics; and attach of the crucible by the melt which will shorten the life of the crucible.
  • the abovementioned problems can be minimized but not eliminated.
  • the selection process may require extensive experimentation to determine the compatible combinations of alloy and crucible material.
  • the crucible material that is subject to minimal attack by the alloy may suffer from thermal instability and be subject to cracking when thermally cycled.
  • High temperature nickel-base, nickel- chromium-titanium-aluminum alloys have been melted in water-cooled copper crucibles.
  • GB-A-1 517 283 teaches the use of a water-cooled crucible to contain nickel-based alloys. The melt is removed from the crucible by spinning the crucible about its axis to generate atomized particles of liquid which move out radially from the edge of the crucible. This patent offers no teaching that the melt can be extracted from the crucible in the form of a continuous stream of limited dimensions.
  • GB-A-1 428691 teaches that alloys can be melted in water-cooled molds. The melt is then solidified in situ. This patent offers no teaching of a technique for the extraction of liquid metal from a water-cooled mold.
  • DE-A-2 827 731 discloses an apparatus for the extraction of filaments from a metallic melt having a tiltable crucible. But also this patent publication offers no teaching to overcome the problem of reaction of the melt when either a high melting or a reactive material is used.
  • the objective of the invention was to provide an apparatus for chill casting of high temperature and/or reactive metallic materials. More particularly, the objective related to an apparatus for the extraction of rapidly-quenched filaments from a high melting point and/or reactive melt.
  • the apparatus for casting metal filaments directly from the melt comprising a tiltable crucible which is constructed of thermally conductive material for holding a metal charge, means for supplying heat to melt the metal charge contained in said crucible to form a melt, a chill surface provided by a heat extracting member for deposition of molten metal thereon for quenching into filament together with means for advancing said chill surface, and means for tilting said crucible
  • the apparatus comprises a pouring spout forming an integral part of said crucible, one or more cooling passages internal to said crucible for passing a cooling medium therethrough to provide a solidified layer of the melt for preventing interaction between the melt and said crucible and the means for tilting said crucible elevate the melt into said spout for deposition onto the chill surface as it is being advanced.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for casting metal filament directly from the melt when the metal filament is made from high temperature and/or reactive materials.
  • a heating source such as an electric arc is employed for heating the metal and/or holding it in molten condition.
  • the metal charge is held in a cooled, tiltable crucible, which is constructed of high thermal conductive material.
  • an electrically conductive material is employed for crucible material. Suitable materials of construction for the crucible include copper, graphite, brass, etc.
  • the crucible has one or more internal passages, and a cooling medium is passed through these channels.
  • the apparatus includes an electrode, it is associated with the crucible and an arc is struck between the electrode and the metal charge contained in the crucible. The heat generated by the arc is used to melt the metal and/or hold it in molten condition.
  • the apparatus further includes an advanceable chill surface for depositing the molten metal thereon.
  • the crucible has a pouring spout, and means are provided for tilting the crucible to elevate the molten metal into the spout of the crucible for deposition onto the chill surface as it is being advanced.
  • the chill surface is provided with a heat extracting member which may be constructed of any metal having relatively high thermal 'conductivity, such as copper, beryllium-copper, molybdenum, iron, and the like. The metal solidifies in contact with the chill surface and is drawn out by the advancing chill surface into a continuous metal strip.
  • the spout 8 can optionally be insulated with an insulating insert 10 as is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • This insert can be made of a material such as zirconia, boron nitride, alumina, or alternatively of a material such as clay graphite.
  • the insert can be heated by heating element 12. When the insert is graphite or clay graphite, it can be readily coupled to a magnetic field, and the heating may be with an induction coil.
  • a metal charge may be melted to form the molten metal 4 which is maintained liquid in the crucible 2 by means for supplying heat to the charge and/or the molten metal 4.
  • the heating means illustrated is an arc source 14 which preferably has a water-cooled electrode holder 16 and a non-consumable electrode 18. Typically, tungsten is used as a non-consumable electrode 18. This electrode 18 is maintained at a potential with respect to the molten metal 4. Typically, the voltage applied between the molten metal 4 and an electrode 18 will be between about 200 and 500 volts AC.
  • a power supply 20 is connected between the electrode holder 16 and the crucible 2. The power supply 20 may alternatively be connected to multiple electrodes to provide a potential between the electrodes and the molten metal 4.
  • the molten metal 4 is isolated from the crucible by a solidified layer 22.
  • This solidified layer 22 has the same composition as the molten metal 4.
  • This solidified layer 22, or crust prevents reaction between the molten metal 4 and the crucible 2.
  • a heat extracting disk 24 having a circumferential peripheral edge 26 is connected to a means for rotating the disk, such as a motor 27 shown by dashed lines.
  • the disk 24 provides a heat extracting surface with a means for moving the heat extracting surface.
  • Other means such as a rotating belt could also be employed.
  • the spout 8 of the crucible 2 When the spout 8 of the crucible 2 is coplanar with the peripheral edge 26 of the disk 24, the spout 8 can be brought into close proximity with the peripheral edge 26 by pivoting the crucible 2 on the pivotal mounts 28. The pivotal motion will bring the molten metal 4 into the spout 8. As the molten metal 4 makes contact with the peripheral edge 26, a filament 30 will be drawn. When the peripheral edge 26 is a right cylindrical surface, the filament drawn will tend to be a flattened ribbon.
  • the spout 8 have a channel with a radius of curvature of between about 0.15 cm. and 0.5 cm.
  • the lower limit insures that the channel will remain unconstricted during the casting of the filament 30, while the upper limit is a practical limit beyond which it is difficult to maintain a constant head during the formation of the filament -30.
  • the peripheral edge 26' can be made a tapered convex surface as is illustrated in Fig. 3 by the surface 26'.
  • the spout 8 must be modified so as to have a contoured surface which is a mirror image of the peripheral edge 26'.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a chamber 32 which is provided for enclosing the crucible 2 and the disk 24.
  • the chamber 32 has an outlet 34 for evacuation which is closeable by a valve 36.
  • the arc source 14 passes through a cover 42 of the chamber 32.
  • a rotatable seal 44 is provided between the electrode holder 16 and the removable cover 42.
  • a removable cover 42 allows access to the crucible 2 and the disk 24.
  • a series of samples were melted in a water-cooled copper crucible.
  • the charge size varied between 50 and 100 grams.
  • a nonconsumable tungsten electrode was employed to heat the melts.
  • the melts were cast under an argon atmosphere. This was accomplished by placing the crucible and the disk in a chamber which was evacuated to 10- 4 torr (1.33 to- 2 Pa) and thereafter backfilled with high purity argon to about 20 cm of mercury. An arc was struck between the charge which was in the form of a pellet, and the electrode. By gradually tilting the crucible the molten metal was brought into the spout and in kissing contact with the right cylindrical surface of the rotating chill disk.
  • the disk had a diameter of about 12 inches (30.5 cm) and was rotated at between about 1200 rpm and 1600 rpm.
  • the disk was a water-cooled molybdenum wheel. A filamentary fiber was extracted or dragged from the melt by the wheel. The materials cast are summarized in the table.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Vorrichtung zum Gießen von Metalldrähten direkt aus der Schmelze mit einem kippbaren Schmelzbehälter (2), der aus wärmeleitfähigem Material konstruiert ist, zur Aufnahme einer Metallcharge, Einrichtungen (14) zur Zuführung von Wärme zum Schmelzen der in dem Schemlzbehälter enthaltenen Metallcharge unter Bildung einer Schmelze, einer Abkühloberfläche (26), die von einem wärmeextrahierenden Teil gebildet wird, zur Ablagerung von geschmolzenem Metall darauf, um dieses zu einem Draht abzukühlen, zusammen mit Einrichtungen (27) zum Vorrücken dieser Abkühloberfläche und Einrichtungen zum Kippen (28) des Schmelzbehälters, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung eine aus einem Stück mit dem Schmelzbehälter (2) bestehende Ausgußtülle (8) und einen oder mehrere Kühlkanäle (6) im Inneren des Schmelzbehälters zum Durchleiten eines Kühlmediums besitzt, um eine verfestigte Schicht der Schmelze zu bekommen und so eine Wechselwirkung zwischen der Schmelze (4) und dem Schmelzbehälter zu verhindern, und daß die Einrichtungen zum Kippen .(28) des Schemlzbehälters die Schmelze (4) in die Tülle (8) zur Ablagerung auf der Abkühloberfläche (26), während diese vorangerückt wird, heben.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, worin die Tülle (8) einen Kanal mit einem Krümmungsradius zwischen etwa 0,15 cm und 0,5 cm besitzt.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, worin der wärmeleitfähige Schmelzbehälter (2) auch elektrisch leitend ist und die Einrichtung (14) zur Zuführung von Wärme zu der Metallcharge eine mit dem Schmelzbehälter verbundene Elektrode ist, die einen Lichtbogen zwischen der Elektrode und der in dem Schemlzbehälter enthaltenen Metallcharge erzeugt, um die Metallcharge zu schmelzen.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, worin die Tülle (8) einen isolierenden Einsatz (10) mit Einrichtungen (12) zum Erhitzen dieses Einsatzes besitzt.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, worin die Einrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wärme (14) zu der Metallcharge wenigstens zwei nicht verbrauchbare Elektroden und eine mit diesen Elektroden verbundene Stromzufuhr besitzt, wobei die Stromzufuhr einen elektrischen Strom zwischen diesen Elektroden über die Metallcharge leitet.
EP81108161A 1980-12-29 1981-10-10 Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metalldrähten Expired EP0055342B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22056180A 1980-12-29 1980-12-29
US220561 1994-03-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0055342A1 EP0055342A1 (de) 1982-07-07
EP0055342B1 true EP0055342B1 (de) 1984-07-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108161A Expired EP0055342B1 (de) 1980-12-29 1981-10-10 Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metalldrähten

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EP (1) EP0055342B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6011573B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3165098D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2134428B (en) * 1983-02-03 1987-06-17 Metal Box Plc Continuous extrusion of metals
JPS6024247A (ja) * 1983-07-18 1985-02-06 Unitika Ltd 液体急冷金属製品の連続製造方法
US4589471A (en) * 1984-10-29 1986-05-20 General Electric Company Method for rapid solidification of titanium alloys by melt extraction
GB2240942B (en) * 1986-01-02 1991-12-11 United Technologies Corp Melting and casting of beta titanium alloys
GB2238057A (en) * 1986-01-02 1991-05-22 United Technologies Corp High strength nonburning beta titanium alloy
GB8802456D0 (en) * 1988-02-04 1988-03-02 British Steel Corp Liquid metal processing

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2827731A1 (de) * 1977-06-22 1979-01-18 Johnson & Nephew Ambergate Ltd Vorrichtung zur herstellung duenner metallgegenstaende, wie draehte, baender, bleche, folien, faeden, fasern u.dgl. durch ausziehen aus einer metallschmelze

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7240964U (de) * 1971-11-08 1975-08-21 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu K K Anordnung von über einer Brammengießkokille bewegbaren Plasmaelektronenschleudern
US3863700A (en) * 1973-05-16 1975-02-04 Allied Chem Elevation of melt in the melt extraction production of metal filaments

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2827731A1 (de) * 1977-06-22 1979-01-18 Johnson & Nephew Ambergate Ltd Vorrichtung zur herstellung duenner metallgegenstaende, wie draehte, baender, bleche, folien, faeden, fasern u.dgl. durch ausziehen aus einer metallschmelze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0055342A1 (de) 1982-07-07
JPS6011573B2 (ja) 1985-03-27
JPS57112956A (en) 1982-07-14
DE3165098D1 (en) 1984-08-30

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