EP0061873A2 - Echangeur de chaleur à l'épreuve des attaques - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur à l'épreuve des attaques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061873A2
EP0061873A2 EP82301412A EP82301412A EP0061873A2 EP 0061873 A2 EP0061873 A2 EP 0061873A2 EP 82301412 A EP82301412 A EP 82301412A EP 82301412 A EP82301412 A EP 82301412A EP 0061873 A2 EP0061873 A2 EP 0061873A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
row
core
header
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82301412A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0061873A3 (fr
Inventor
Harry Barker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Marston Ltd
Original Assignee
Denso Marston Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denso Marston Ltd filed Critical Denso Marston Ltd
Publication of EP0061873A2 publication Critical patent/EP0061873A2/fr
Publication of EP0061873A3 publication Critical patent/EP0061873A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers and particularly but not exclusively heat exchangers which form part of land vehicles, mobile air compressors or electricity generator sets and are used for the cooling by ambient air of a fluid such as a water/anti freeze solution or a lubricant or transmission oil.
  • a fluid such as a water/anti freeze solution or a lubricant or transmission oil.
  • Such heat exchangers or radiators may be particularly susceptible to rupture and/or erosion damage by the impingement of stones, grit or other foreign bodies on the heat exchange surface of the radiator.
  • the heat exchange components of a typical vehicle radiator are generally relatively soft.
  • the tubes may typically be made of relatively thin nonferrous materials such as a copper or aluminium alloy which have good heat exchange and corrosion-resistant properties but are susceptible to fracture or erosion damage by the impact of relatively small particles.
  • the problems with impingement damage can be fairly serious, requiring the repair or replacement of radiator components, with the consequent temporary loss of service of the vehicle/equipment. This is particularly but not exclusively true in the type of environment associated with earth or refuse moving equipment.
  • particles thrown up by the operation of equipment are sucked into the fan associated with the radiator and are thrown onto the core of the radiator. The initial impact absorbs much of the energy in these particles so that damage resulting in the loss of liquid from the cooling system is usually confined to the first row of tubes.
  • a heat exchanger typically for use in a land vehicle, comprises a heat exchanger core extending between respective header plates each forming part of a header tank, said core including tubes carrying the fluid to be cooled and extending between said header plates, together with a secondary heat exchange surface bonded to said tubes, in which is provided integral means forming part of the core, which integral means is adapted to minimise impingement damage to the fluid-carrying tubes of said core.
  • the said secondary surface may be formed of fins or corrugations of suitable metal, with or without louvres therein.
  • the integral means may comprise a first row of tubes adjacent one face of the heat exchanger and communicating with the respective interiors of the header tanks, said first row of tubes being of increased wall thickness relative to tubes in other rows of the core.
  • the integral means may comprise a first row of tubes adjacent one face of the heat exchanger and communicating with the respective interiors of the header tanks, said first row of tubes being made of material of increased resistance to impingement damage as compared with the material from which tubes employed in other rows of the core are made.
  • the integral means may comprise a first row of tubes adjacent one face of the heat exchanger, but not communicating with the respective interiors of the header tanks.
  • the material or wall thickness of said first row of tubes may be different from the tubes of the core through which fluid to be cooled can flow eg the first row of tubes may have a greater wall thickness than the tubes in the remaining rows.
  • the first row of tubes may extend into a header plate but be blanked off by suitable means within the header tanks eg by solid brass inserts being inserted as a push fit into the open ends of each tube in said first row of tubes.
  • the first row of tubes may pass through all of the secondary heat exchange surface but may stop just short of the header plates.
  • the first row of tubes may be supported by the secondary surface of the core with or without further support means which may be connected with another portion of the heat exchanger eg its frame.
  • the first row of tubes may be supported solely by means extending from the core or other portions of the heat exchanger.
  • the integral means may comprise solid longitudinal members extending parallel with the tubes through the secondary heat exchange surface adjacent one face of the heat exchanger.
  • Said solid members may extend through one or both of the respective header plates of the heat exchanger.
  • Said solid members may further be bonded or otherwise secured to the secondary heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger. They may be rectangular in cross-section, and of a similar size to that of the tubes in the heat exchanger.
  • said solid members may be made of brass, tinned steel, aluminium or plastic.
  • the radiator of Figure 1 has copper tubes 10 extending between brass header plates 11 which form part of the radiator header tank (not shown). There are four rows of tubes 10, each row being offset to permit efficient cooling of the tubes by air flowing across the radiator. The first row of tubes, adjacent the face of the radiator likely to receive impinging particles is identified by the arrow 12. Tubes 10 are typically brazed into the header plates 11 at each end to provide a water-tight joint. In these examples it is assumed that the fluid to be cooled, which passes through the header tanks and tubes 10, is the cooling water from the jacket of an i.c. engine.
  • a secondary heat exchange surface is typically bonded to tubes 10 to provide enhanced cooling.
  • This is not illustrated in Figure 1 for reasons of clarity, but typical secondary heat exchange surfaces 20 and 21 are illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.
  • That shown in Figure 4 employs a corrugation 20 and is known as a tube and corrugation configuration whilst that shown in Figure 5 employs fins 21 and is known as a tube and fin configuration.
  • the fins 21 or corrugations 22 have louvres which assist in directing the air flow around the fins or corrugations and the tubes 10 to be cooled.
  • the first row of tubes 12 in Figure 1 communicate with each header tank, and each tube 10 of the first row 12 has a greater wall thickness than the remainder of the tubes 10 in the core of the radiator.
  • the tubes 10 in the first row 12 may have a wall thickness two or three times greater than that of the remainder of the tubes 10.
  • the tubes 10 of the first row 12 may be made of a harder material eg brass as compared with copper for the remainder of tubes 10, and may be solid drawn tubes rather than lockseam tubes which are employed in the remainder of the core.
  • the tubes 10 in the first row 12 may be made of an impingement resistant alloy eg 17% chrome ferritic steel and have the same wall thickness as the remainder of tubes 10 in the radiator core.
  • FIG. 2 shows a solid brass insert 13, one of which is to be inserted into each tube end of the first row of tubes 12 to be blanked off, the inserts 13 being brazed into position to provide a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Each insert 13 is a push fit into each tube end, and in use extends into the tube end to a position level with or below the header plate 11. Inserts 13 are positioned in each tube end of the first row of tubes 12 at both ends of each tube, thereby preventing any fluid flow through the first row of tubes 12 from the header tanks.
  • the first row of tubes 12 may be of identical construction and material to the remainder of the tubes 10 in the radiator core, the impact of extraneous particles on the first row of tubes 12 being sufficient to absorb most of the energy of such particles so that they do no further damage in passing through the core, or rebound off the first row of tubes 12.
  • Figure 3 shows a rectangular cross-section element 14 a number of which can be used in place of the tubes 10 in the first row of tubes 12 to form a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the elements 14 can be of sufficient length so that they are located at each end in suitable holes in the header plates 11 or they may be shorter than the tubes 10 and stop short at one or both ends from the header plates 11.
  • Elements 14 can be solid and made of brass or tinned steel (particularly if they are to be brazed to the header plates 11) or aluminium or plastic. Where the elements 14 do not extend to the header plates 11 they will be supported by the secondary heat exchange surface 20 or 21 where they pass through said surface. Alternatively or additionally, supports for elements 14 will be provided extending from the core or from another part of the radiator eg its frame.
  • the first row of tubes 15 pass through all of the secondary heat exchange surface but stop just short of each header plate 11.
  • the header plates 11 have no orifices corresponding with the first row of tubes 15, which are supported by the secondary heat exchange surface 20 or 21, where they pass through said surface.
  • the first row of tubes 15 may be supported by separate means extending from the core or from some other part of the radiator.
  • the first row of tubes have a greater wall thickness than the remainder of the tubes and are typically of lock-seam construction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP82301412A 1981-03-27 1982-03-19 Echangeur de chaleur à l'épreuve des attaques Withdrawn EP0061873A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8109699 1981-03-27
GB8109699 1981-03-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061873A2 true EP0061873A2 (fr) 1982-10-06
EP0061873A3 EP0061873A3 (fr) 1983-04-20

Family

ID=10520708

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82301412A Withdrawn EP0061873A3 (fr) 1981-03-27 1982-03-19 Echangeur de chaleur à l'épreuve des attaques

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0061873A3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0840082A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur S.A. Condenseur à montage simplifié pour circuit de climatisation de véhicule
DE10212249A1 (de) * 2002-03-20 2003-10-02 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmetauscher und Kühlsytem
WO2015188812A1 (fr) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-17 GEA Luftkühler GmbH Échangeur de chaleur

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1759167A (en) * 1926-05-28 1930-05-20 Modine Mfg Co Radiator
US1696995A (en) * 1927-03-21 1929-01-01 Fred M Young Reenforcement for tubular radiators
FR729296A (fr) * 1932-01-06 1932-07-21 Perfectionnements apportés aux radiateurs pour moteurs thermiques, notamment à ceux pour moteurs de voitures automobiles
FR1145912A (fr) * 1956-03-21 1957-10-30 Chausson Usines Sa Procédé de fabrication d'échangeurs de chaleur et dispositif échangeur mettant en oeuvre ce procédé
US3149667A (en) * 1962-09-24 1964-09-22 Young Radiator Co Core-unit for vehicular-radiator-type heat exchanger and protective shields therefor
US3229760A (en) * 1963-12-02 1966-01-18 Standard Thomson Corp Heat exchanger apparatus
DE2302771A1 (de) * 1973-01-20 1974-08-01 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Rohrbuendel-waermetauscher
US3888327A (en) * 1974-01-30 1975-06-10 Vernon N Reece Vehicle radiator protection device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0840082A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Valeo Thermique Moteur S.A. Condenseur à montage simplifié pour circuit de climatisation de véhicule
FR2755506A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-07 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Condenseur a montage simplifie pour circuit de climatisation de vehicule
US5894885A (en) * 1996-11-04 1999-04-20 Valeo Thermique Moteur Condenser having a simplified assembly for use in an air conditioning circuit for a vehicle
DE10212249A1 (de) * 2002-03-20 2003-10-02 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmetauscher und Kühlsytem
WO2015188812A1 (fr) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-17 GEA Luftkühler GmbH Échangeur de chaleur
CN106662406A (zh) * 2014-06-11 2017-05-10 克尔维安有限公司 热交换器
CN106662406B (zh) * 2014-06-11 2019-03-01 克尔维安德国有限公司 热交换器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0061873A3 (fr) 1983-04-20

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Effective date: 19840326

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Inventor name: BARKER, HARRY