EP0061945A1 - Gleitstuhl und dessen Benutzung in einem Eisenbahnweichensystem - Google Patents

Gleitstuhl und dessen Benutzung in einem Eisenbahnweichensystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061945A1
EP0061945A1 EP82400339A EP82400339A EP0061945A1 EP 0061945 A1 EP0061945 A1 EP 0061945A1 EP 82400339 A EP82400339 A EP 82400339A EP 82400339 A EP82400339 A EP 82400339A EP 0061945 A1 EP0061945 A1 EP 0061945A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
sliding
counter
ceramic material
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82400339A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0061945B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Meneret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SNCF Mobilites
Calderys France SAS
Original Assignee
SNCF Mobilites
Lafarge Refractaires SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNCF Mobilites, Lafarge Refractaires SA filed Critical SNCF Mobilites
Priority to AT82400339T priority Critical patent/ATE9497T1/de
Publication of EP0061945A1 publication Critical patent/EP0061945A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0061945B1 publication Critical patent/EP0061945B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02—Tongues; Associated constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2202/00—Characteristics of moving parts of rail systems, e.g. switches, special frogs, tongues
    • E01B2202/02—Nature of the movement
    • E01B2202/021—Turning or tilting or elastically bending
    • E01B2202/024—Turning or tilting or elastically bending about vertical axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2202/00—Characteristics of moving parts of rail systems, e.g. switches, special frogs, tongues
    • E01B2202/04—Nature of the support or bearing
    • E01B2202/042—Sliding
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2202/00—Characteristics of moving parts of rail systems, e.g. switches, special frogs, tongues
    • E01B2202/04—Nature of the support or bearing
    • E01B2202/06—Use of friction-reducing surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sliding pad, usable in particular in railroad switch systems.
  • Railroad switch systems generally include a straight counter needle associated with a curved needle and a straight needle associated with a curved counter needle, which can be positioned between them in two different ways to ensure or not the connection with a track of deviation.
  • the needles are made of parts planed in rails of special profiles which are supported by sliding bearings and generally made of cast iron fixed on the support sleepers of the railway.
  • the upper surface of the bearings is lubricated with suitable greases.
  • the pads currently used have the disadvantage of not having a sufficient slip coefficient and it is therefore necessary to cover them with a film of lubricating grease.
  • This requires regular lubrication work which is a source of expenditure, not only for those who carry out the lubrication operation which is to be renewed at least every 15 days, but also for those who are responsible for security.
  • this lubrication work on the track involves the risk of accidents for the personnel assigned to maintenance, in particular on the railways where many trains run.
  • the film of lubricating grease present on the surface of the bearing can retain the dust which comes from the track, and when dust as hard as the sand accumulates in the film of lubricating grease, this leads to deterioration of the referral system.
  • the present invention specifically relates to a sliding pad which can be used in particular in a railroad switching system, which makes it possible to avoid the abovementioned drawbacks.
  • the sliding pad according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a sliding surface made of ceramic material.
  • the latter comprises a support provided with an and a piece of ceramic material fixed by gluing in said recess so as to constitute said sliding surface.
  • this pad comprises a support provided with a recess and a plurality of pieces of ceramic material fixed by gluing in said recess so as to constitute said sliding surface.
  • the pieces of ceramic material have rounded edges to facilitate sliding at the junction between two pieces.
  • the ceramic material is very important to fix the pieces of ceramic material by bonding to the support because this allows them to work in compression and to resist the loads which circulate on the switch.
  • ceramic materials are more resistant to compression than to bending and under the conditions of use of the bearing, the ceramic parts are stressed by these two constraints.
  • the adhesive joint provided between the piece of ceramic material and the support, the loads are distributed over the entire surface and the ceramic can work in compression.
  • this glue joint is protected against weathering and irradiation by the ceramic part and therefore it does not degrade like plastic pads.
  • the adhesives used are generally based on epoxy resins, but it is also possible to use adhesives based on polyimides which are resistant to heat.
  • epoxy adhesives loaded with mineral powders such as alumina or silica sand can be used.
  • mineral powders such as alumina or silica sand
  • the ceramic material used must have a low sliding coefficient compared to steel and a hardness significantly higher than that of steel or cast iron so as not to allow the inclusion of materials such than sand or crushed stone which would deteriorate the sliding surface of the bearing by damaging its polish.
  • the ceramic material must resist atmospheric corrosion and momentary compression due to the pressing of each axle and corresponding to daily loads which may exceed 40,000 tonnes, for a long period of use, for example of the order of 10 years.
  • Examples of materials which can be used include sintered oxides such as alumina, zirconium oxide and rare earth oxides, nitrides such as boron nitride and silicon nitride , and carbides such as silicon carbide and boron carbide.
  • high hardness alumina is used which resists compression well.
  • the bearings must withstand very high pressures which can go up to 150 bars in the thinned zone of the needles when the latter are loaded at 10 tonnes per wheel.
  • 99.7% Al 2 O 3 alumina is preferred.
  • the ceramic with the best compression performance and the best flexural strength is chosen.
  • the invention also relates to a railroad switching system comprising a straight counter-needle associated with a curved needle, a curved counter-needle associated with a straight needle, a first series of sliding bearings for supporting the counter- straight needle and curved needle and a second series of sliding bearings for supporting the straight needle and the curved counter-needle, characterized in that the sliding surfaces of the bearings of the first and second series are made of material ceramic, said surfaces having dimensions such that the needles are always in abutment on said surfaces during the operation of the switch.
  • each bearing of the first or of the second series comprises a metal support on which is fixed the straight counter-needle or the curved counter-needle, said support being provided with a recess in which are fixed by gluing a plurality of parts made of ceramic material arranged so as to form the sliding surface of said pad.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a railway and the switch system A associated therewith.
  • the railroad consists of two rails 1 and 3 which are fixed on sleepers 5 by means of fastening devices provided with lag screws 7.
  • the switch system A which follows comprises a counter -right needle 11, a curved needle 13, a curved counter-needle 15 and a straight needle 17.
  • the right and curved counter-needles are fixed respectively on a first series and a second series of bearings sliding 19, themselves fixed by lag screws on the sleepers 5 of the railway.
  • the needles 13 and 17 are supported respectively by the first and the second series of sliding bearings 19, and they can be moved between a first position in which the needle 13 is in contact with the counter-needle 11 while the needle 17 is moved away from the counter-needle 15, at a second position in which the straight needle 17 is in contact with the curved counter-needle 15 while the needle 13 is moved away from the right counter-needle 11.
  • This displacement is obtained at by means of an operating device possibly comprising a motor 21 which actuates the operating rod 23 associated with the spacing rod 25.
  • each pair of rails which constitutes the main track I and the deviation II is again fixed to the crosspieces 5 by lag screws 7.
  • each sliding pad 19 supports a counter ai guille and the associated needle, for example the right counter-needle 11 and the curved needle 13.
  • the counter-needle 11 is made integral with the sliding bushing by an appropriate device such as 31, while the needle 13 can move on the pad 19 between two extreme positions.
  • the needle 11 comprises, like the rail 1, an upper part called the mushroom 11a which supports the contact of the wheel, a thinned middle part 11b which constitutes the core, and an enlarged lower part 11c which constitutes the pad used for fixing the rail on the sleepers.
  • the needle comprises an upper part 13a whose thickness increases progressively and regularly from its point of contact with the counter-needle which is associated with it, a middle part 13b and a lower part in the form of a shoe 13c.
  • the sliding pads 19 were made of steel and provided with films of lubricating grease on their surface 19a to promote the sliding of needles such as 13 on the pads 19.
  • the film lubricant could retain dust, in particular sand, a deterioration of the upper surface of the bearing and / or of the sole of the needle was obtained after a certain period of operation, which could cause seizure and immobilization of the referral system.
  • each sliding pad 19 comprises a sliding surface 20 made of ceramic material, for example of high hardness alumina .
  • it is preferred to avoid a modification of the movable part of the switch because the realization of a recess for inserting the ceramic poses certain problems for preserving the profile and the mechanical properties of the moving parts of the switch rails. Indeed, the machining operations risk leading to weakening of the needles by notch phenomena with propagation of cracks.
  • the sliding pad 19 shown in Figure 2 can be obtained as follows.
  • a recess is formed at the top of a pad 19 made of steel, and then there are plastic threads, for example nylon threads, at the bottom of the recess.
  • a piece of ceramic material for example of sintered alumina having a shape which corresponds substantially to that of the recess, is prepared separately, then a certain quantity of glue, constituted for example by an epoxy resin in the center of the recess, and the ceramic part is placed in the recess by compressing it to ensure its bonding by means of the epoxy resin.
  • nylon threads are intended to promote the spreading of the adhesive over the entire surface of the recess, which thus ensures good bonding of the ceramic part and to obtain an adhesive joint on the entire lower surface of the ceramic part.
  • the nylon threads are generally 5/10 mm thick.
  • this also includes a support of suitable shape for fixing the counter-needle, and this support is provided with a recess in which are fixed two ceramic plates 20a and 20b arranged so that the junction between the plates extends in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the needle between its two extreme positions. In this way it avoids the problems of sliding of the needle, which could arise at the junction between two plates.
  • the ceramic plates can be arranged differently, for example with junctions between plates extending in directions perpendicular to the direction of movement of the needle.
  • plates 20a, 20b ... whose edges are rounded at the junctions between successive plates in order to avoid sliding problems which could arise due to a difference in thickness between two consecutive plates.
  • the pads include several ceramic pads, they can be made in the same way as the pads with a single pad by assembling the pads in the recess provided with plastic wires and glue, and then compressing the assembly to that the sliding surface makes a single plane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
EP82400339A 1981-03-03 1982-02-26 Gleitstuhl und dessen Benutzung in einem Eisenbahnweichensystem Expired EP0061945B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82400339T ATE9497T1 (de) 1981-03-03 1982-02-26 Gleitstuhl und dessen benutzung in einem eisenbahnweichensystem.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8104234A FR2501253A1 (fr) 1981-03-03 1981-03-03 Coussinet de glissement et son utilisation dans un systeme d'aiguillage de voies ferrees
FR8104234 1981-03-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061945A1 true EP0061945A1 (de) 1982-10-06
EP0061945B1 EP0061945B1 (de) 1984-09-19

Family

ID=9255822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82400339A Expired EP0061945B1 (de) 1981-03-03 1982-02-26 Gleitstuhl und dessen Benutzung in einem Eisenbahnweichensystem

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0061945B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5813801A (de)
AT (1) ATE9497T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3260759D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8303582A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2501253A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610649A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-12 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kk Aiguillage pour voies de chemin de fer
EP0401201A1 (de) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Aktiengesellschaft Gleitstuhl, Gleitplatte bzw. Rippenplatte für Schienenweichen oder -kreuzungen
WO2013034868A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Vossloh Cogifer (Société Anonyme) Dispositif de manoeuvre ferroviaire sans graissage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3709126A1 (de) * 1987-03-23 1988-10-13 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Miteinander wechselwirkende gleisteile

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2340403A1 (fr) * 1976-02-09 1977-09-02 Faigle Heinz Appareil de voie pour vehicules ferroviaires
FR2358508A1 (fr) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-10 Ensinger Wilfried Revetement a glissement en matiere synthetique pour aiguillages
FR2374469A1 (fr) * 1976-12-16 1978-07-13 Schwihag Gmbh Dispositif d'aiguillage ou de croisement de voies ferrees
FR2398841A1 (fr) * 1977-07-27 1979-02-23 Stecma Coussinet pour lame d'aiguille des appareils de voie

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2340403A1 (fr) * 1976-02-09 1977-09-02 Faigle Heinz Appareil de voie pour vehicules ferroviaires
FR2358508A1 (fr) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-10 Ensinger Wilfried Revetement a glissement en matiere synthetique pour aiguillages
FR2374469A1 (fr) * 1976-12-16 1978-07-13 Schwihag Gmbh Dispositif d'aiguillage ou de croisement de voies ferrees
FR2398841A1 (fr) * 1977-07-27 1979-02-23 Stecma Coussinet pour lame d'aiguille des appareils de voie

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610649A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-12 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kk Aiguillage pour voies de chemin de fer
US4890804A (en) * 1987-01-22 1990-01-02 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Turnout unit for railway track
EP0401201A1 (de) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Aktiengesellschaft Gleitstuhl, Gleitplatte bzw. Rippenplatte für Schienenweichen oder -kreuzungen
US5125603A (en) * 1989-06-02 1992-06-30 Voest-Alpine Zeltweg Gesellschaft M.B.H. Sliding chair, sliding plate and ribbed plate, respectively, for railway switches or railway crossings
AU633098B2 (en) * 1989-06-02 1993-01-21 Voest-Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme Gesellschaft M.B.H. Sliding chair, sliding plate and ribbed plate, respectively, for railway switches or railway crossings
WO2013034868A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Vossloh Cogifer (Société Anonyme) Dispositif de manoeuvre ferroviaire sans graissage
EA026938B1 (ru) * 2011-09-08 2017-06-30 Воссло Кожифер С.А. Компонент железнодорожных путевых спецчастей, используемый без смазки

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0061945B1 (de) 1984-09-19
FR2501253A1 (fr) 1982-09-10
ES510059A0 (es) 1983-02-01
ES8303582A1 (es) 1983-02-01
FR2501253B1 (de) 1983-09-16
DE3260759D1 (en) 1984-10-25
ATE9497T1 (de) 1984-10-15
JPS5813801A (ja) 1983-01-26

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