EP0062676A1 - An apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets. - Google Patents
An apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets.Info
- Publication number
- EP0062676A1 EP0062676A1 EP19810902986 EP81902986A EP0062676A1 EP 0062676 A1 EP0062676 A1 EP 0062676A1 EP 19810902986 EP19810902986 EP 19810902986 EP 81902986 A EP81902986 A EP 81902986A EP 0062676 A1 EP0062676 A1 EP 0062676A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chill mold
- metal
- heat
- casting
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets, and particularly to an apparatus which has a chill mold for receiving the molten metal, a cooling member fitted around least the rear part of the chill mold as seen in the withdrawing direction, a refractory lining protecting at least the cooling member, and members for the continuous withdrawing, from the chill mold, of the bar, pipe or sheet which has solidified in the chill mold.
- the object of the present invention is to promote the transfer of heat from the material being cast and thereby to increase the casting rate and obtain a more advantageous crystal structure in the casting, at least when copper or copper alloys are being cast.
- the chill mold may be made of graphite, and during casting the heat transferred from the solidifying molten metal and the solidified metal is directed further to a cooling medium circulating in the cooler. It is very important that this transfer of heat is effective, for it decides the rate at which the continuous casting can be carried out.
- a metal bar, pipe or sheet contracts when solidifying and cooling, and thereby a gap forms between the piece being cast and the chill mold; the gap is known to complicate the transfer of heat from the piece being cast to the chill mold. This gap cannot be completely eliminated because, if it is, then there is the risk that the casting adheres to the chill mold if the mold converges in the withdrawing direction. Owing to the low heat conductivity of air and gases, even a very narrow gap caused by contraction constitutes a considerable obstacle to the transfer of heat.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes or sheets, an apparatus in which the transfer of heat from the solidifying melt and the cooling metal piece is more effective than previously so that the casting rate can be increased and simultaneously a product with improved crystal structure can possibly be obtained.
- the gap or gaps between the chill mold and the cooler are filled with a medium having a good thermal conductivity, such as molten metal or molten salt, in which case this gap is advantageously connected to an outside expansion vessel.
- a medium having a good thermal conductivity such as molten metal or molten salt
- a liquid with a good thermal conductivity such as a molten metal
- the heat-transferring medium does not come into contact with the metal being cast and, owing to the drop of temperature between the walls of the chill mold, the boiling point of the heat-transferring medium need not necessarily be higher than the solidification point of the metal being cast. Also, there is no fear of leakage problems in this case.
- the molten metal or salt is in a flowing motion, but it can just as well be completely stationary.
- the effectiveness of the heat-transferring medium is based on its thermal conductivity, which is far superior to that of gas, a decisive factor in this connection. It is important that the heat-transferring material fills as completely as possible the gaps between the chill mold and the cooler so that no gas pockets appear in these spaces. Therefore, it is advantageous to connect the gap or gaps to an 'expansion vessel for the heat-transferring medium so that heat-transferring medium can flow into the gap or gaps between the chill mold and the cooler and back as the volume of the gaps varies according to the thermal expansion movement of the surrounding walls.
- Figures 1 and 2 depict cross sectional side elevations of two preferred embodiments of the invention.
- the melt to be cast is indicated by reference numeral 1.
- the melt to be cast can be in a melt container the wall of which in general is indicated by 2 and to which a chill mold 4 made of graphite is attached to receive the melt. Outside the container wall 2 there is, fitted around the chill mold 4, a cooler 3, in which ducts for the cooling medium have been made in a known manner.
- the melt 1 flowing into the chill mold 4 yields heat to the walls of the chill mold 4 and forms, at a certain distance from the inlet of the chill mold 4, a solidification front, which is indicated by a dotted line in the drawing.
- the solidified metal is withdrawn in the form of a bar 7 from the chill mold 4 by means of withdrawal members 9.
- a gap 6 which in accordance with the invention is filled with a medium which transfers heat well
- the transfer of heat from the chill mold 4 to the cooler 3 is more effective than normally.
- the gap 6 between the chill mold 4 and the cooler 3 is connected by means of a pipe 8 to an expansion vessel 10, which is partly filled with a medium which transfers heat well.
- the expansion vessel 10 is at a higher level than the gap 6, in which there thus prevails a metallostatic pressure when molten metal is use as the cooling medium.
- the metal in the expansion vessel can be maintained in a molten state by, for example, fitting a heating resistor around the vessel.
- reference numeral 2 in Figure 1 indicates a refractory lining which prevents the melt from coming into direct contact with the cooler 3, which in this case must be lowered at least partly to a level below the melt surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Appareil de coulage en continu du barres, tubes ou feuilles metalliques comprenant une coquille de moulage (4) pour recevoir le metal en fusion (1), un dispositif de refroidissement (3) Adapte autour du moule (4), une garniture refractaire (2) qui protege le dispositif de refroidissement (3) du metal en fusion, des organes (9) pour retirer la barre, le tube ou la feuille metallique (7) de la coquille de moulage (4), et un milieu de forte conduction thermique qui remplit l'espace (6) situe entre le dispositif de refroidissement (3) et la coquille de moulage (4).Apparatus for continuously casting bars, tubes or metal sheets comprising a molding shell (4) for receiving molten metal (1), a cooling device (3) Fits around the mold (4), a refractory lining (2 ) which protects the cooling device (3) from molten metal, organs (9) for removing the bar, the tube or the metal foil (7) from the molding shell (4), and a medium of high thermal conduction which fills the space (6) located between the cooling device (3) and the molding shell (4).
Description
An apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets, and particularly to an apparatus which has a chill mold for receiving the molten metal, a cooling member fitted around least the rear part of the chill mold as seen in the withdrawing direction, a refractory lining protecting at least the cooling member, and members for the continuous withdrawing, from the chill mold, of the bar, pipe or sheet which has solidified in the chill mold.
The object of the present invention is to promote the transfer of heat from the material being cast and thereby to increase the casting rate and obtain a more advantageous crystal structure in the casting, at least when copper or copper alloys are being cast.
Previously known there are devices for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes or sheets, having a chill mold made of a refractory material for receiving the molten metal, and around the chill mold there has been fitted a cooler with water or molten metal flowing in its ducts. The chill mold may be made of graphite, and during casting the heat transferred from the solidifying molten metal and the solidified metal is directed further to a cooling medium circulating in the cooler. It is very important that this transfer of heat is effective, for it decides the rate at which the continuous casting can be carried out.
A metal bar, pipe or sheet contracts when solidifying and cooling, and thereby a gap forms between the piece being cast and the chill mold; the gap is known to complicate the
transfer of heat from the piece being cast to the chill mold. This gap cannot be completely eliminated because, if it is, then there is the risk that the casting adheres to the chill mold if the mold converges in the withdrawing direction. Owing to the low heat conductivity of air and gases, even a very narrow gap caused by contraction constitutes a considerable obstacle to the transfer of heat. Therefore, among experts the idea has prevailed that this gap due to contraction between the chill mold and the casting is the reason why the transfer of heat in the existing casting apparatus is considerably less advantageous than it ought to be if only the transfer of heat in the chill mold, the transfer of heat in the cooling material and the heat transfer coefficient in the cooling ducts of the cooler are taken into account.
It has now been shown surprisingly that the above-mentioned general conception has been correct only in part. Measurements and calculations which have been performed have shown that in the casting apparatus used there appears considerable heat resistance also in the interface between the chill mold and the cooler. This heat resistance is particularly significant in the continuous casting of metal sheets. The probable reason for this is that, owing to the thermal expansion movements of the material, gaps form between the chill mold and the cooler, and it has been impossible to prevent the formation of such gaps even by means of bolt joints. Studies have now shown that if the reducing effect of these gaps on the transfer of heat could be eliminated, it would be possible to improve the efficiency of the casting apparatus substantially even if nothing were done with respect to the air gap between the casting and the chill mold.
The formation of gaps between the chill mold and the cooler could theoretically be eliminated by means of tight bolt
joints or by a suitable design of the surfaces of these two members, but in practice this has not produced the desired results. For this reason, an attempt has now been made to find other solutions to this problem.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes or sheets, an apparatus in which the transfer of heat from the solidifying melt and the cooling metal piece is more effective than previously so that the casting rate can be increased and simultaneously a product with improved crystal structure can possibly be obtained.
The main characteristics of the invention are given in accompanying Claim 1.
In the alternative according to the present invention, the gap or gaps between the chill mold and the cooler are filled with a medium having a good thermal conductivity, such as molten metal or molten salt, in which case this gap is advantageously connected to an outside expansion vessel. In practice it is easy to find usable materials with a good thermal conductivity in the professional literature of the field, so that listing such materials in this context has been considered unnecessary. It can, however, be mentioned that a metal melt containing tin at least about 50 % by weight has proven to be one such thermally conductive material.
Filling a gas space between two solid surfaces with molten metal in order to improve the transfer of heat is in principle known per se. This procedure has even been proposed for use in casting apparatus in order to improve the transfer of heat between the chill mold and the casting during the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets. The
procedure has not, however, produced the desired results but has involved obvious and very great practical difficulties in the form of, for example, leakages. For this reason this procedure has not gained any practical significance. During the development of the present invention it was surprising to observe that most of the thermal resistance appeared between the chill mold and the cooler and not mainly between the chill mold and the casting, as had been assumed previously.
Furthermore, it was surprising that the procedure which had previously been applied to the improvement of the transfer of heat between the chill mold and the casting and been found difficult to use for that purpose proved to be highly applicable to the improving of the transfer of heat between the chill mold and the cooler.
Thus, in the alternative according to the present invention, a liquid with a good thermal conductivity, such as a molten metal, is used for filling the gap between the chill mold and the cooler. In this alternative the heat-transferring medium does not come into contact with the metal being cast and, owing to the drop of temperature between the walls of the chill mold, the boiling point of the heat-transferring medium need not necessarily be higher than the solidification point of the metal being cast. Also, there is no fear of leakage problems in this case.
In order to achieve the advantages of the invention it is by no means necessary that the molten metal or salt is in a flowing motion, but it can just as well be completely stationary. The effectiveness of the heat-transferring medium is based on its thermal conductivity, which is far superior to that of gas, a decisive factor in this connection.
It is important that the heat-transferring material fills as completely as possible the gaps between the chill mold and the cooler so that no gas pockets appear in these spaces. Therefore, it is advantageous to connect the gap or gaps to an 'expansion vessel for the heat-transferring medium so that heat-transferring medium can flow into the gap or gaps between the chill mold and the cooler and back as the volume of the gaps varies according to the thermal expansion movement of the surrounding walls.
The invention is described below in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Figures 1 and 2 depict cross sectional side elevations of two preferred embodiments of the invention.
In .the drawing, the melt to be cast is indicated by reference numeral 1. The melt to be cast can be in a melt container the wall of which in general is indicated by 2 and to which a chill mold 4 made of graphite is attached to receive the melt. Outside the container wall 2 there is, fitted around the chill mold 4, a cooler 3, in which ducts for the cooling medium have been made in a known manner. The melt 1 flowing into the chill mold 4 yields heat to the walls of the chill mold 4 and forms, at a certain distance from the inlet of the chill mold 4, a solidification front, which is indicated by a dotted line in the drawing. The solidified metal is withdrawn in the form of a bar 7 from the chill mold 4 by means of withdrawal members 9. While solidifying and cooling, the metal contracts somewhat so that a gap 5 forms between the bar 7 and the chill mold 4. In addition there is between the chill mold 4 and the cooler 3, or there has been separately made, a gap 6, which in accordance with the invention is filled with a medium which transfers heat well Thus the transfer of heat from the chill mold 4 to the cooler 3 is more effective than normally.
In the case represented by Figure 2 , the gap 6 between the chill mold 4 and the cooler 3 is connected by means of a pipe 8 to an expansion vessel 10, which is partly filled with a medium which transfers heat well. The expansion vessel 10 is at a higher level than the gap 6, in which there thus prevails a metallostatic pressure when molten metal is use as the cooling medium. The metal in the expansion vessel can be maintained in a molten state by, for example, fitting a heating resistor around the vessel.
It is evident that the present invention can be applied to continuous casting in any direction. If the present invention is applied to an upward continuous casting and if the solidification front is formed above the surface of the melt, reference numeral 2 in Figure 1 indicates a refractory lining which prevents the melt from coming into direct contact with the cooler 3, which in this case must be lowered at least partly to a level below the melt surface.
Claims
1. An apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes or sheets, comprising a chill mold (4) for receiving the molten metal (1) , a cooling member (3) fitted around the rear part of the chill mold (4) as seen in the withdrawing direction, a refractory lining (2) which protects at least the cooling member (3) , and members (9) for the continuous withdrawing of the bar (7) , pipe or sheet which has solidified in the chill mold (4) from the chill mold (4) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y a highly thermally conductive medium which fills the gap (6) between the chill mold (4) and the cooling member (3) .
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the said highly thermally conductive medium is in a molten state at least during the casting.
3. An apparatus according to Claim 2 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the gap (6) between the chill mold (4) and the cooling member (3) is connected (8) to an outside expansion vessel (10).
4. An apparatus according to any of the above claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the highly thermally conductive medium is a metal melt which contains tin at least approx. 50 % by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81902986T ATE13826T1 (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1981-10-16 | DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF METAL WIRE, TUBES AND COATINGS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI803270A FI77586C (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Apparatus for continuous casting of metal rods, pipes and plates. |
| FI803270 | 1980-10-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0062676A1 true EP0062676A1 (en) | 1982-10-20 |
| EP0062676B1 EP0062676B1 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
Family
ID=8513858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19810902986 Expired EP0062676B1 (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1981-10-16 | An apparatus for the continuous casting of metal bars, pipes and sheets |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0062676B1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI77586C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982001332A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104128574B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-04-13 | 武汉泛洲中越合金有限公司 | Horizontal casting casting device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE876573C (en) * | 1950-06-11 | 1953-05-15 | Siegfried Dr-Ing E H Junghans | Process for cooling casting molds and casting mold for practicing the process |
| CH537766A (en) * | 1971-08-30 | 1973-06-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Method and device for the continuous casting or drawing of a particularly metallic extruded body |
-
1980
- 1980-10-17 FI FI803270A patent/FI77586C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-10-16 WO PCT/FI1981/000076 patent/WO1982001332A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-10-16 EP EP19810902986 patent/EP0062676B1/en not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8201332A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1982001332A1 (en) | 1982-04-29 |
| FI77586C (en) | 1989-04-10 |
| FI77586B (en) | 1988-12-30 |
| FI803270L (en) | 1982-04-18 |
| EP0062676B1 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
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