EP0064030B1 - Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture et son utilisation dans la teinture de matériaux textiles synthétiques - Google Patents

Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture et son utilisation dans la teinture de matériaux textiles synthétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064030B1
EP0064030B1 EP82810168A EP82810168A EP0064030B1 EP 0064030 B1 EP0064030 B1 EP 0064030B1 EP 82810168 A EP82810168 A EP 82810168A EP 82810168 A EP82810168 A EP 82810168A EP 0064030 B1 EP0064030 B1 EP 0064030B1
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carbon atoms
component
mol
composition according
acid
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EP0064030A1 (fr
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Heinz Abel
Paul Dr. Schäfer
Hans-Ulrich Berendt
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06P1/6421—Compounds containing nitrile groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
    • D06L4/664—Preparations of optical brighteners; Optical brighteners in aerosol form; Physical treatment of optical brighteners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dyeing aid mixtures and to their use in dyeing synthetic fiber materials, in particular polyester fibers.
  • Leveling agents for synthetic fiber materials often have the disadvantage that they retard the dye excessively and thus inevitably lead to a reduction in dispersion stability after the dyeing has ended and when the dye liquor has cooled.
  • the retained dye which is triggered by the mostly non-ionic leveling agents, leads to recrystallization and deposits when the dyeing liquor cools and thus to an insufficient rub fastness of the dyeings.
  • Dispersants that are used specifically for high-temperature conditions can prevent such recrystallization, but usually lead to a reduction in the color yield and also have no pronounced leveling effect.
  • D EA Nos. 2409437 and 2410481 are nitrile compounds of the formula in which R 'represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic group and n' and m 'are the same or different and n' is 0 to 3 and m '1 to 3 , known.
  • These nitrile compounds are used on the one hand in the selective dyeing of fiber mixtures consisting of polyacrylate.
  • nitrile compounds of the formula in which Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom and m "1 or 2 are known which are used in dyeing polyacrylonitrile fibers with cationic dyes.
  • DE-A No. 1619425 describes acyclic compounds which contain a cyanoethyl or cyanopropyl group, which are used in the dyeing, printing, etching or optical brightening of materials based on acetate cellulose.
  • DE-A No. 2638833 also describes cyanoalkyl ethers which, together with anionic compounds, are used for dyeing or printing fiber materials made of natural and / or synthetic materials Polyamides with anionic dyes can be used.
  • a ternary combination of a specific O-cyanoethylated compound of formula 1 below with anionic and nonionic surfactants has now surprisingly found a new dyeing agent mixture which does not have the disadvantages mentioned at the outset. On the other hand, it ensures an even penetration of the dye into the synthetic fiber material and at the same time an increased migration of the dye, so that an improvement in the levelness and fastness to rubbing of the dyeings, together with an increase in the color yield, is achieved.
  • Preferred auxiliary mixtures contain all components A, B, C, D and E.
  • Each of components A, B, C, D and E can be present as a single compound or as a mixture.
  • R advantageously represents the hydrocarbon radical of an unsaturated or preferably saturated aliphatic monoalcohol with 3 to 24 carbon atoms. These hydrocarbon radicals can be straight-chain or branched.
  • Alfole Some representatives of Alfole are @ Alfol (8-10), (10-14) and (16-18).
  • Unsaturated aliphatic alcohols are, for example, allyl alcohol, butenol, dodecenyl alcohol, hexadecenyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
  • the Alko Holes can be present alone or as a mixture.
  • the alcohol residues can optionally be mono-, di- or triethoxylated.
  • R can also be derived from a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol which has at least 2, advantageously 2 to 5 hydroxyl groups and preferably 2 to 9 carbon atoms, e.g. of alkylene diols with an alkylene radical of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethylene glycol, 1,3- or 1,2-propylene glycol or 1,5-pentanediol, and also glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, pentaerythritol, mannitol or sorbitol.
  • These polyhydric alcohols can also be etherified with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or mixtures of these alkylene oxides.
  • R is preferably alkenyl or preferably alkyl each having 3 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • R is derived in particular from cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, cyclododecanol, p-nonylcyclohexanol, hydroabietyl alcohol or benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, the benzene nucleus also being derived from lower alkyl, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or lower alkoxy such as methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy or may be substituted by halogen.
  • Lower alkyl and lower alkoxy sites in the definition of the radicals of the cyanoethylated compounds are those groups or group components which have 1 to 5, in particular 1 to 3, carbon atoms, such as, for. B. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl or amyl or methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy.
  • Halogen in connection with all substituents means for example fluorine, bromine or preferably chlorine.
  • the compounds of the formulas 1 to 25 are prepared in a manner known per se.
  • the preparation can preferably be carried out by reacting an alcohol of the formula R-OH, in which R has the meaning given, with acrylonitrile.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in anhydrous media, e.g. in alcoholic media, in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide or alcoholate or a quaternary base such as trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide and at a temperature of 10 to 60 ° C.
  • the anionic surfactants of component B are preferably derivatives of alkyleneoxy adducts, such as acidic, ether groups or before addition products of alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide or also styrene oxide onto aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with a total of at least 4 carbon atoms, containing organic hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino and / or amido compounds or mixtures of these compounds, preferably containing ester groups of inorganic or organic acids.
  • acidic ethers or esters can be present as free acids or as salts, for example alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or amine salts.
  • anionic surfactants are prepared by known methods, e.g. at least 1, preferably more than 1 mol, e.g. 2 to 60 mol, ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, or alternately in any order, add ethylene oxide or propylene oxide and then etherify or esterify the adducts and, if appropriate, convert the ethers or the esters into their salts.
  • Higher fatty alcohols i.e.
  • Well-suited anionic surfactants of component B are acidic esters or their salts of a polyadduct of 2 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of fatty alcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mole of a phenol which has at least one benzyl group, one phenyl group or preferably one alkyl group with at least one Has 4 carbon atoms, such as Benzylphenol, Dibenzylphenol, Dibenzyl (nonyl) phenol, o-Phenylphenol, Butylphenol, Tributylphenol, Octylphenol, Nonylphenol, Dodecylphenol or Pentadecylphenol, whereby these acidic esters can be used individually or as a mixture.
  • the fatty alcohols for the preparation of the anionic surfactants of the formula 26 are e.g. B. those with 8 to 22, especially 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as octyl, decyl, lauryl, tridecyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, arachidyl or behenyl alcohol.
  • the acid residue X is derived, for example, from low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, such as of maleic acid, succinic acid or sulfosuccinic acid, and is connected to the ethyleneoxy part of the molecule via an ester bridge.
  • X is derived from inorganic polybasic acids, such as sulfuric acid and in particular orthophosphoric acid.
  • the acid residue X can be in salt form, i.e. e.g. as an alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt.
  • salts are lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, trimethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine salts.
  • Particularly preferred components B are anionic surfactants of the formula wherein Y is octyl or nonyl, m is 2 to 15 and X, is derived from sulfuric acid or preferably from o-phosphoric acid and the surfactants are present as free acids, sodium or ammonium salts.
  • Y is octyl or nonyl
  • m is 2 to 15
  • X is derived from sulfuric acid or preferably from o-phosphoric acid and the surfactants are present as free acids, sodium or ammonium salts.
  • acidic phosphoric acid ester of the adduct of 5 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of p-nonylphenol.
  • the anionic surfactants of component B can be used alone or as mixtures with one another.
  • the nonionic surfactant C is advantageously a nonionic alkylene oxide adduct of 1 to 100 moles of alkylene oxide, e.g. As ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, on 1 mol of an aliphatic monoalcohol with at least 4 carbon atoms, a trihydric to hexavalent aliphatic alcohol, an optionally substituted by alkyl or phenyl phenol or a fatty acid with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • alkylene oxide e.g. As ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide
  • the aliphatic monoalcohols for the production of the nonionic surfactants are e.g. water-insoluble monoalcohols having at least 4 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms. These alcohols can be saturated or unsaturated and branched or straight-chain and can be used alone or in a mixture. Natural alcohols such as e.g. Myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols, e.g. Oxo alcohols such as, in particular, 2-ethylhexanol, also trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol or alfoles are reacted with the alkylene oxide.
  • Natural alcohols such as e.g. Myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols, e.g. Oxo alcohols such as, in particular, 2-ethylhexano
  • alkylene oxides that can be reacted with alkylene oxide are trihydric to hexavalent alkanols. These contain 3 to 6 carbon atoms and are in particular glycerol, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, mannitol, pentaerythritol and sorbitol.
  • the trihydric to hexavalent alcohols are preferably reacted with propylene oxide or ethylene oxide or mixtures of these alkylene oxides.
  • Suitable optionally substituted phenols are, for example, phenol, o-phenylphenol or alkylphenols, the alkyl radical of which has 1 to 16, preferably 4 to 12, carbon atoms.
  • alkylphenols are p-cresol, butylphenol, tributylphenol, octylphenol, and especially nonylphenol.
  • the fatty acids preferably have 8 to 12 carbon atoms and can be saturated or unsaturated, such as. B. the capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid or the decen, dodecen, tetradecen, hexadecenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic or preferably ricinoleic acid.
  • Well-suited nonionic surfactants are addition products of 2 to 15 mol ethylene oxide with 1 mol fatty alcohol or fatty acid each with 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with 1 mol alkylphenol with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part or fatty acid dialkanolamides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue.
  • the dyeing auxiliary mixture according to the invention can additionally contain, as component D, an aliphatic alcohol having 5 to 18 carbon atoms or a siloxane / oxyalkylene copolymer or preferably a mixture of these substances.
  • component D acts in particular as a foam suppressant.
  • the alcohols can be used as individual compounds or as mixtures with one another. They can be straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated and should generally be liquid at room temperature. Examples include n-amyl alcohol, n-hexanol, trimethylhexanol, 2-ethyl-n-hexanol, octyl alcohol (octanol / isomer mixture), nonyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol, and also the alfoles such as e.g. Alfol (6-10), (8-10), (10-14), (12), (16) and (18). Alkanols having 5 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred, with 2-ethyl-n-hexanol being particularly suitable.
  • the organopolysiloxanes as the starting product for such adducts basically correspond to commercially available silicone oils, which are described in German Patent Application No. 2031827. Among these silicone oils, polydimethylsiloxanes are of prime interest.
  • the siloxane / oxyalkylene copolymers in question as optional component D can be obtained, for example, from halogen-substituted organopolysiloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes and alkali metal salts of polyoxyalkylene, e.g. Polyethylene and / or polypropylene glycols are produced.
  • siloxane / oxyalkylene copolymers are polyether siloxanes which expediently have a cloud point at about 20 to 70, preferably 25 to 50 ° C.
  • the glycol content, consisting of oxyethylene groups or oxyethylene and oxypropylene groups, is advantageously from 35 to 85, preferably 40 to 75,% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyether siloxane.
  • a preferred embodiment of the optional component D is accordingly a block polymer of a polydimethylsiloxane and ethylene oxide or a copolymer of ethylene and propylene oxide, which has a cloud point at 20 to 70, in particular 25 to 50 ° C.
  • Such block polymers or polyether siloxanes can by the likely formula in which q is 3 to 50, suitably 3 to 25, r 2 or 3, s 0 to 15, t 1 to 25, x 1 3 to 10 and R 3 are alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably methyl.
  • Such polyether siloxanes are described, for example, in German Patent Application No. 1719238 and in US Pat. 2834748, 3389160 and 3505377.
  • polyether siloxanes which can be used as optional component D correspond to the likely formula wherein R 4 and R s each alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, a '1 to 20, b' 2 to 20, c'2 to 50, d '1 or 2, preferably 1, and m' 2 to 5 mean and where C m 'H 2m -O d ' are preferably ethylene oxide groups or mixtures of ethylene oxide groups and propylene oxide groups.
  • Such siloxane compounds are described in German Laid-Open No. 1795557.
  • a commercially available optional component D which probably corresponds to the formula 29 and has a cloud point of 32 ° C, e.g. ®Siliconsurfactant L 546 (trademark, Union Carbide).
  • This silicone product is preferably used in combination with 2-ethylhexanol.
  • the auxiliary mixtures according to the invention can contain water as a polar solvent E or a water-miscible organic solvent.
  • water-miscible organic solvents are aliphatic C, - to C 4 alcohols such as methanol, ethanol; the propanols or isobutanol; Alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; Monoalkyl ethers of glycols such as ethylene glycol monomethyl, ethyl or butyl ether and di ethylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether; Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, diacetone alcohol; Ethers and acetals such as diisopropyl ether, diphenyl oxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, furthermore tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, pyridine
  • the new dyeing agent mixtures can be prepared by simply stirring the components A, B, C and, if appropriate, D and / or E, giving homogeneous, clear mixtures which are stable in storage at room temperature.
  • the new formulations are used in particular as leveling agents in the dyeing of synthetic fiber materials. They increase the rate of diffusion of the dyes in the fibers and thereby accelerate the migration of the dyes when dyeing the synthetic fiber materials, preferably the linear polyester fibers.
  • the present invention accordingly also relates to a process for dyeing or optically brightening synthetic fiber material with cationic or disperse dyes or optical brighteners.
  • the process is characterized in that this material is dyed or optically brightened in the presence of the dyeing auxiliary mixture according to the invention. Disperse dyes are preferred.
  • the amounts used in which the dyeing auxiliary mixture according to the invention is added to the dye baths are between 0.5 and 6, preferably 2 and 4,% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be dyed.
  • fiber material in particular textile material, which can be dyed or optically brightened in the presence of the dyeing auxiliary mixture according to the invention, e.g. Cellulose ester fibers such as cellulose 2% acetate fibers and triacetate fibers, synthetic polyamide fibers, e.g. those from e-caprolactam, from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine, from o-aminoundecanoic acid; aromatic polyamide fibers z.
  • B derived from poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide), mentioning polyacrylonitrile fibers, including modacrylic fibers, acid-modified polyester fibers, and especially linear polyester fibers.
  • Cellulose ester, polyamide and polyester fibers are preferably colored with disperse dyes and polyacrylonitrile fibers, acid-modified polyester fibers and aromatic polyamide fibers preferably with cationic dyes.
  • Linear polyester fibers are to be understood as synthetic fibers which e.g. can be obtained by condensation of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol or of isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid with 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, and also copolymers of terephthalic and isophthalic acid and ethylene glycol.
  • the linear polyester used almost exclusively in the textile industry so far consists of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.
  • the acrylic fibers which can be dyed by the process according to the invention include the commercially available types of polymeric or mixed-polymer acrylonitrile.
  • Acid-modified polyester fibers are, for example, polycondensation products of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 1,2- or 1,3-dihydroxy-3- (3-sodium sulfopropoxy) propane, 2,3-dimethy) o) -1 - (sodium sulfopropoxy) butane, 2,2-bis (3-sodium sulfopropoxyphenyl) propane or 3,5-dicarboxybenzenesulfonic acid or sulfonated terephthalic acid, sulfonated 4-methoxybenzenecarboxylic acid or sulfonated diphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid.
  • the fiber materials can also be used as a mixed fabric among themselves or with other fibers, e.g. Mixtures of polyacrylonitrile / polyester, polyamide / polyester, polyester / cotton, polyester / viscose and polyester / wool can be used.
  • the textile material to be dyed or optically brightened can be in various processing stages. Examples include: loose material, piece goods, such as knitted or woven fabrics, yarn in the form of a wrap or muff. The latter can have winding densities of 200 to 600, in particular 400 to 450 g / dm 3 .
  • the cationic dyes suitable for the process according to the invention can belong to different classes of dyes.
  • these are the customary salts, for example chlorides, sulfates or metal halides, such as e.g. Zinc chloride double salts of cationic dyes, the cationic character of e.g. B. comes from a carbonium, oxonium, sulfonium or especially ammonium group.
  • chromophoric systems examples include azo dyes, especially monoazo or hydrazo dyes, diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, methine or azomethine dyes, coumarin, ketoneimine, cyanine, azine, xanthene, oxazine or thiazine dyes.
  • color salts of the phthalocyanine or anthraquinone series with an external onium group for example an alkylammonium or cycloammonium group and benzo-1,2-pyran color salts which contain cycloammonium groups, can also be used.
  • the disperse dyes to be used which are only sparingly soluble in water and are largely present in the dye liquor in the form of a fine dispersion, can differ belong to the most dye classes, for example the acridone, azo, anthraquinone, coumarin, methine, perinone, naphthoquinone imine, quinophthalone, styryl or nitro dyes.
  • Mixtures of cationic or disperse dyes can also be used according to the invention.
  • the auxiliary mixtures according to the invention can also be used for whitening undyed synthetic fiber materials with water-dispersed or cationic optical brighteners. Polyester fiber materials are preferably treated with optical brighteners dispersed in water.
  • optical brighteners can belong to any brightener class.
  • they are coumarins, triazolcoumarins, benzocoumarins, oxazines, pyrazines, pyrazolines, diphenylpyrazolines, stilbenes, styrylstilbenes, triazolylstilbenes, bisbenzoxazolylethylenes, stilbenebisbenzoxazoles, phenylstilbenbenzoxazoles, thiophenbisbenzoxazidoylbenzoxazole, benzene
  • Mixtures of optical brighteners can also be used according to the invention.
  • the amount of dyes or optical brighteners to be added to the liquor depends on the desired color strength; In general, amounts of 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.02 to 5,% by weight, based on the textile material used, have proven successful.
  • auxiliary mixtures to be used according to the invention can also be mixed with known carriers based on e.g. Di- or trichlorobenzene, methyl- or ethylbenzene, o-phenylphenol, benzylphenol, diphenyl ether, chlorodiphenyl, methyldiphenyl, cyclohexanone, acetophenone, alkylphenoxyethanol, mono-, di- or trichlorophenoxyethanol or propanol, pentachlorophenoxyethene, diphenyl or diphenylbenzene, alkylphenylbenzene, alkylphenylbenzene, alkylphenylbenzene, alkylphenylbenzene, alkylphenyl or alkylphenylbenzene, Methyl diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, methyl benzoate, butyl benzoate or phenyl benzoate can be used.
  • the carriers are preferably used in an amount of 0.5 g to 2 g / l of liquor or 5 to 30% by weight, based on the auxiliary preparation.
  • the dye baths or lightening liquors can contain, in addition to the dyes or optical brighteners, and the dyeing aid mixture according to the invention, oligomer inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, wrinkle-free agents, retarders and preferably dispersants.
  • the dispersants are used primarily to achieve a good fine distribution of the disperse dyes.
  • the dispersants which are generally used for dyeing with disperse dyes are suitable.
  • the preferred dispersants are sulfated ones. or phosphated adducts of 15 to 100 mol ethylene oxide or preferably propylene oxide with polyhydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as e.g. Ethylene glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol or amines having 2 to 9 carbon atoms and having at least two amino groups or an amino group and a hydroxyl group and alkylsulfonates having 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, alkylbenzenesulfonates having a straight-chain or branched alkyl chain having 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, such as e.g.
  • the disodium salt of di (6-sulfonaphthyl-2) methane is preferred.
  • anionic dispersants can also be used.
  • the anionic dispersants are normally in the form of their alkali metal salts, ammonium salts or amine salts. These dispersants are preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 5 g / l of liquor.
  • the dye baths or lightening liquors can also contain conventional additives, suitably electrolytes such as salts, e.g. Sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium or ammonium phosphates or polyphosphates, metal chlorides or nitrates such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or calcium nitrates, ammonium acetate or sodium acetate and / or acids, e.g. Mineral acids, such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, or organic acids, suitably contain lower aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as formic, acetic or oxalic acid. The acids serve primarily to adjust the pH of the liquors used according to the invention, which is generally 4 to 6.5, preferably 4.5 to 6.
  • electrolytes such as salts, e.g. Sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium or ammonium phosphates or polyphosphates, metal chlorides or nitrates such as calcium chloride,
  • the dyeing or lightening is advantageously carried out from an aqueous liquor using the exhaust process.
  • the liquor ratio can accordingly be chosen within a wide range, e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 7 to 1:50.
  • the temperature at which the dyeing or lightening is at least 70 ° C. and as a rule it is not higher than 140 ° C. It is preferably in the Range from 80 to 135 ° C.
  • Linear polyester fibers and cellulose triacetate fibers are preferably dyed by the so-called high-temperature process in closed and expediently also pressure-resistant apparatus at temperatures of over 100, preferably between 110 and 135 ° C., and if appropriate under pressure.
  • Circulation devices such as are suitable as closed vessels Cross-wound or tree tare machines, reel runners, nozzle or drum dyeing machines, muff dyeing machines, paddles or jiggers.
  • Cellulose-21 ⁇ 2-acetate fibers are preferably dyed at temperatures of 80-85 ° C, while polyamide fibers and polyacrylonitrile fibers are advantageously dyed at the boiling point (98 ° C) of the aqueous bath.
  • the coloring of the aromatic polyamide fibers or acid-modified polyester fibers is preferably carried out at a temperature of 80 to 130 ° C.
  • the dyeing process according to the invention can be carried out in such a way that the material to be dyed is either first briefly treated with the dyeing auxiliary mixture and then dyed, or preferably treated simultaneously with the auxiliary mixture and the dye.
  • the material to be dyed is preferably allowed to run for 5 minutes at 60-80 ° C. in a bath which contains the dye, the auxiliary mixture and, if appropriate, further additives and is adjusted to a pH of 4.5 to 5.5, which increases Temperature within 15 to 35 minutes to 110 to 135, preferably 130 ° C., and the dye liquor is left at this temperature for 15 to 90, preferably 30 minutes.
  • the dyeings are completed by cooling the dye liquor to 60 to 80 ° C., rinsing the dyeings with water and, if necessary, cleaning in a conventional manner in an alkaline medium under reductive conditions.
  • the dyeings are then rinsed again and dried.
  • the dyeings are advantageously heat-treated to improve the lightfastness, e.g. Thermal insulation, subjected, which is preferably carried out at 160 to 180 ° C and for 30 to 90 s.
  • the process according to the invention gives uniform and fabulous colorations on synthetic fiber material, in particular on linear polyester fibers, which are also distinguished by good rub fastness and color yields.
  • the other fastness properties of the dyeings e.g. Lightfastness are hardly influenced by the use of the auxiliary mixture according to the invention.
  • the cyanoethylated compounds of the formulas 3 to 13 and 15 to 25 are also prepared in this way.
  • 25 g of a fabric made of polyethylene glycol terephthalate are made up in a circulation apparatus with a liquor which contains 0.8 g of ammonium sulfate and 0.8 g of an auxiliary preparation 1
  • Example 1 If, in Example 1, the same amount of one of the following preparations 2, 3, 4 or 5 is used instead of the dyeing aid mixture 1, a deeply colored and rub-fast red coloring is also obtained in each case.
  • This substrate is then introduced into 200 ml of a liquor heated to 60 ° C., which contains 0.4 g of the dyeing aid mixture 5 and 0.4 g of ammonium sulfate and the pH of which has been adjusted to pH 5.5 with 85% formic acid .
  • the liquor is then heated to 130 ° C. in the course of 30 minutes and the substrate is treated at this temperature for 60 minutes.
  • the liquor is then cooled to 90 °, the substrate is rinsed and dried.
  • the previously undyed substrate now shows high staining and excellent levelness.
  • the dye liquor is then adjusted to pH 5.5 with formic acid and heated to 125 ° C. in the course of 30 minutes, after which the goods are dyed at this temperature for 30 minutes.
  • the dye is then rinsed and dried. A strong and rub-fast red coloring is obtained.
  • Example 6 The procedure described in Example 6 is followed, but using a liquor which instead of the optical brightener of the formula 110 has the same amount of an optical brightener of the formula or the formula contains, you also get level brilliant brightenings.

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Claims (19)

1. Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture, qui contient au moins
A) un composé O-cyanéthylé de formule:
Figure imgb0057
où R est un reste aliphatique, cycloaliphatique ou araliphatique de valence n, et n vaut de 1 à 5;
B) un tensio-actif anionique, et
C) un tensio-actif non ionique.
2. Mélange d'ajuvants de teinture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient en plus, comme composant (D), un alcool aliphatique avec 5 à 18 atomes de carbone, un copolymère siloxane / oxyalcylène ou un mélange de ces produits.
3. Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient en plus, comme composant (E), un solvant polaire.
4. Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le composant (A) est un composé O-cyanéthylé de formule:
Figure imgb0058
dans laquelle R, représente un reste aliphatique avec 3 à 22 atomes de carbone ou un reste phénoxyéthyle, le cas échéant substitué par un halogène, un alkyle ou un alcoxy possédant chacun 1 à 5 atomes de carbone.
5. Mélange d'adjuvants selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que dans la formule (2) R, représente un alkyle avec 3 à 22 atomes de carbone.
6. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le composant (B) est un tensio-actif anionique de formule:
Figure imgb0059
dans laquelle Y est un alkyle ou un alkényle avec chacun entre 8 et 22 atomes de carbone, alkylphé- nyle avec 4 à 16 atomes de carbone dans la partie alkyle ou o-phénylphényle, X est le reste acide d'un acide minéral renfermant de l'oxygène ou d'un acide organique, et m vaut entre 2 et 40.
7. Mélange d'adjuvants selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le composant (B) est un tensio-actif anionique de formule:
Figure imgb0060
dans laquelle Y, est octyle ou nonyle, m, vaut de 2 à 15, et X, provient de l'acide sulfurique ou de l'acide o-phosphorique, et le tensio-actif se présente sous forme d'acide libre ou de sel de sodium ou d'ammonium.
8. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le composant (C) est un produit d'addition non ionogène alkylénoxyde de 1 à 100 mol d'alkylénoxyde sur 1 mol d'un monoalcool aliphatique avec au moins 4 atomes de carbone, d'un alcool aliphatique à 3 à 6 fonctions, éventuellement d'un phénol substitué par un alkyle ou par un phényle, ou d'un acide gras avec 8 à 22 atomes de carbone.
9. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le composant (C) est un produit d'addition de 2 à 15 mol d'oxyde d'éthylène sur 1 mol d'alcool gras ou d'acide gras avec chacun 8 à 22 atomes de carbone, ou sur 1 mol d'alkylphénol avec en tout 4 à 12 atomes de carbone dans la partie alkyle, ou sur un dialcanol- amide d'acide gras avec 8 à 22 atomes de' carbone dans le reste acide gras.
10. Mélange d'adjuvants selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que:
le composant (A) est un composé 0-cyanéthylé de formule:
R2-O-CH2CH2CN (28)

dans laquelle R2 représente un reste aliphatique avec entre 6 et 22 atomes de carbone ou un reste phénoxyéthyle éventuellement substitué par un halogène, méthyle ou méthoxy;
le composant (B) est un ester acide, de préférence un ester de l'acide phosphorique, ou son sel d'un produit de polyaddition de 2 à 20 mol d'oxyde d'éthylène sur 1 mol d'un alcool gras de 8 à 18 atomes de carbone, ou sur 1 mol d'un p-alkylphénol avec 4 à 16 atomes de carbone dans le composant (C) est un produit d'addition de 2 à 15 mol d'oxyde d'éthylène sur 1 mol d'alcool gras ou d'acide gras, chacun avec entre 8 et 22 atomes de carbone, ou de préférence sur 1 mol d'alkylphénol ayant au total 4 à 12 atomes de carbone dans la partie alkyle.
11. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un alcanol de 5 à 10 atomes de carbone, en particulier le 2-éthyl-n-hexanol, est présent en tant que composant (D).
12. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un copolymère siloxane / oxyalkylène avec un point de trouble entre 20 et 70, de préférence entre 25 et 50° C, est présent en tant que composant (D).
13. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 3 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'eau ou l'isabutanol est présent en tant que composant (E).
14. Mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 3 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, rapporté au mélange total, il comprend:
10 à 80% en poids du composant (A)
10 à 50% en poids du composant (B)
5 à 25% en poids du composant (C)
0 à 15, de préférence 2 à 10% en poids du composant (D)
0 à 40, de préférence 10 à 35% en poids du composant (E)
15. Procédé pour teindre ou azurer optique- ment un matériau de fibres synthétiques avec des colorants cationiques ou dispersés, ou avec des azurants optiques respectivement, en présence d'un mélange d'adjuvants, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise le mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'on teint le matériau de fibres avec des colorants dispersés.
17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise le mélange d'adjuvants en quantité de 0,5 à 6, de préférence de 2 à 4% en poids, rapporté au poids du produit à teindre.
18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la teinture, respectivement l'azurage, est réalisée à une température de 70 à 140, de préférence de 80 à 135, et en particulier de 110 à 135° C.
19. Bain aqueux pour teindre ou azurer opti- quement un matériau de fibres synthétiques, lequel bain contient au moins un colorant cationique ou dispersé, respectivement un azurant optique ionique ou dispersé, dans l'eau et un mélange d'adjuvants, caractérisé en ce que le bain contient le mélange d'adjuvants selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14.
EP82810168A 1981-04-29 1982-04-23 Mélange d'adjuvants de teinture et son utilisation dans la teinture de matériaux textiles synthétiques Expired EP0064030B1 (fr)

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DE3414306C2 (de) * 1984-04-16 1986-10-09 Walter Thiel GmbH & Co KG, 5093 Burscheid Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Färben von textilen Flächengebilden aus Polyesterfasern und/oder deren Mischungen mit Cellulosefasern
US4661116A (en) * 1985-01-31 1987-04-28 Collins & Aikman Corporation Continuous dyeing of cationic dyeable polyester fibers
JP4390159B2 (ja) * 1995-11-17 2009-12-24 モーメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・インク 化粧品組成物の蛍光による光沢付与法
BRPI0508910A (pt) * 2004-03-17 2007-08-14 Clariant Finance Bvi Ltd agente para pré-tratamento de têxteis lìquido

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GB1034782A (en) * 1962-01-24 1966-07-06 Union Carbide Corp Organosilicon compositions
US3114588A (en) * 1962-02-26 1963-12-17 American Cyanamid Co Aryloxypropionitrile and dye mixtures and dyeing hydrophobic fibers therewith
NL130612C (fr) * 1965-05-10
FR1474736A (fr) * 1965-08-11 1967-03-31 Kuhlmann Ets Procédé de traitement des matières à base d'acétate de cellulose
US3531238A (en) * 1966-03-23 1970-09-29 Bayer Ag Process for the continuous dyeing or printing with basic dyestuffs of textile materials consisting of polyacrylonitrile
ZA712929B (en) * 1970-05-12 1972-01-26 Ici Ltd Antifoam compositions
JPS5016474B1 (fr) * 1971-06-30 1975-06-13
GB1406803A (en) * 1971-11-16 1975-09-17 Albright & Wilson Dyeing processes
GB1460463A (en) * 1974-01-18 1977-01-06 Ciba Geigy Ag Printing process
DE2410481A1 (de) * 1974-03-05 1975-09-11 Albright & Wilson Verfahren zum faerben von modacrylfasern
DE2444102C2 (de) * 1974-09-14 1978-12-21 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zum Färben von Polyesterfasern
DE2638833C2 (de) * 1976-08-28 1984-03-15 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Färben bzw. Bedrucken von Fasermaterialien aus natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Polyamiden

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US4453946A (en) 1984-06-12
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JPS57191376A (en) 1982-11-25

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