EP0064089B1 - Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064089B1
EP0064089B1 EP81103343A EP81103343A EP0064089B1 EP 0064089 B1 EP0064089 B1 EP 0064089B1 EP 81103343 A EP81103343 A EP 81103343A EP 81103343 A EP81103343 A EP 81103343A EP 0064089 B1 EP0064089 B1 EP 0064089B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
coal dust
gasification
slag
coal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81103343A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0064089A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Seipenbusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RAG AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrkohle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrkohle AG filed Critical Ruhrkohle AG
Priority to EP81103343A priority Critical patent/EP0064089B1/fr
Priority to AT81103343T priority patent/ATE10645T1/de
Publication of EP0064089A1 publication Critical patent/EP0064089A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0064089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0064089B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for coal dust pressure gasification in which the coal dust and / or a coal dust / liquid mixture is blown into a reactor and gasified in the presence of steam and oxygen to form a CO and H 2 -containing gas, and at least at the discharge end of the reactor a slag film is generated.
  • Gasification in the slag bath is known.
  • the coal dust with the gasification agent is blown obliquely from above onto a liquid slag melt.
  • the solid particles which are specifically lighter than the slag, are deposited on the surface of the bath and float on the surface until only the molten ash portion remains.
  • the slag is drawn down over an overflow of the bath. The gas leaves the reactor upwards.
  • the very long residence time of the solid ensures almost complete carbon conversion. Lower degrees of fineness of the carbon carrier are sufficient for this and an exactly constant dosage is not necessary.
  • the reactor temperature should be set so that the flow behavior of the slag allows turbulent movement of the slag bath.
  • the simple structure of the reactor ensures trouble-free operation, but in order to achieve constant operating conditions, an absolutely constant use of coal and gasification agent is required. In order to reduce the necessary dwell time of the solid particles, very fine grinding of the coal is also imperative.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the carbon conversion in coal dust gasification while maintaining or increasing the economy.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the residence time of the solid should be independent of the residence time of the gas, as is the case in the slag bath generator. At the same time, however, the simple operation of the entrained-flow gasifier should be retained as far as possible.
  • a sufficient residence time is achieved without the disadvantages of DE-B-1 091 268 in that the usual routing of the coal dust / liquid / gas mixture is maintained and the reactor is provided at the discharge end with a flow control device which is table-shaped.
  • a burner 1 turns a rotationally symmetrical reactor space 2 into a solid carbon carrier, e.g. Coal dust, supplied in dry or suspended form.
  • the necessary gasification agent e.g. Oxygen and water vapor into the reactor interior 2.
  • the reactor interior is surrounded by a refractory lining 3, which, as shown in FIG. 1, is only cooled by the heat given off by a steel jacket 4, or has forced cooling, not shown, within the steel jacket 4 .
  • the oxygen portion of the gasification agent converts with the combustible portions of the gas atmosphere in the reactor interior 2 in a flame.
  • the coal dust is brought to the reaction temperature by absorbing heat from the environment, the mean temperature of which is above the slag flow point, that is, depending on the type of coal, above approximately 1350 ° C.
  • the coal dust is introduced in the form e.g. a coal-water suspension, the suspension drops produced on the burner 1 by atomization are still dried before heating to the reaction temperature.
  • the temperature difference between the carbon particles and the surrounding gas atmosphere is large, so that the heat flow necessary for the gasification reactions is guaranteed.
  • the temperature difference becomes smaller because the surrounding gas atmosphere changes in accordance with the heat cooling consumption of the reaction.
  • the carbon conversion rates per unit of time become lower and lower the further the reaction progresses, since the partial pressure reduction in the gasification agent also has the same effect.
  • a built-in flow guide device 5 has the effect that some of the coal dust particles settle directly on the surface of this flow guide device and the remaining coal dust particles are separated on the refractory lining 3 by sharp deflection of the gas flow.
  • a built-in flow guide device 5 has the effect that some of the coal dust particles settle directly on the surface of this flow guide device and the remaining coal dust particles are separated on the refractory lining 3 by sharp deflection of the gas flows.
  • the flow guide device 5 is designed here in the form of a round table.
  • the table top consists of several spirally wound, pinned tubes 6, which are clad with a refractory mass.
  • a cooling medium flows through the tubes 6, which enters at 7 and exits at 8.
  • the four feed and discharge pipes 9, 10 in total also pinned and clad with a fire-resistant mass. They also serve as a supporting structure for the table top.
  • the resulting slag film runs on the wall of the reactor neck 11 and arrives in a water bath (not shown), where the slag is granulated and discharged via a lock device.
  • the gas generated also leaves the reactor through the reactor neck 11 and is subsequently cleaned or fed to any use.
  • the slag film reactor according to the invention according to FIG. 2 is particularly suitable for the gasification of coal dust which is introduced into the reactor as a coal-water suspension. This prevents the drying and heating of the coal dust particles in the area of the highest temperature within the gasification reactor, namely in the area of gas combustion with the oxygen, while the gasification reaction takes place in the coldest part of the reactor. Rather, the gasification reaction in the high temperature region of the reactor is initiated with the advantage of a particularly intensive reaction, while the drying and heating of the carbon particles takes place at low but sufficient temperatures.
  • the reactor parts which are identical in FIG. 2 to FIG. 1 have the same designations.
  • a pumpable coal-water suspension enters the reactor interior 2.
  • the pressure of the suspension is destroyed.
  • This atomization is optionally carried out by additional atomizing medium, e.g. Steam, supported.
  • the suspension drops are first dried and preheated by heat transfer from the backflow of hot gas from the gasification zone before they reach the actual reaction zone at the highest temperature.
  • the reaction zone is located in the lower reactor area, in which a flow control device 12 similar to the flow control device 5 is located.
  • the flow guide device 12 is designed in the same way as the flow guide device 5 in the form of a round, centrally arranged table which is provided with tubes 6 and is held by the feed lines 9 and discharge lines 10.
  • a line 14 for oxygen or air is passed through one of the supply lines 9.
  • the line 14 is connected to an air or oxygen supply line via a connecting piece 13 and leads to a nozzle 15 at the other end.
  • the nozzle 15 projects centrally through the flow guide device 12 into the reactor interior 2. It is equipped with a cap 18 to prevent clogging by slag particles protected.
  • the line 14 is cooled by the cooling medium flowing into the tubes 6.
  • the oxygen entering the reactor interior 2 through the nozzle 15 reacts in a flame with combustible gas formed in the reactor and with dried and preheated coal dust. This results in a particularly high and advantageous reaction temperature in the area of the flow guide device 12 in the lower reactor part.
  • the remaining reaction sequences are the same as those described in the description of FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon, dans lequel le poussier de charbon et/ou un mélange de poussier de charbon/li- quide est soufflé dans un réacteur et gazéifié en présence de vapeur d'eau et d'oxygène en un gaz contenant du CO et du H2, un film de scories étant produit au moins à l'extrémité d'évacuation du réacteur, caractérisé par un réacteur présentant un dispositif de guidage d'écoulement (5, 12) agencé à l'extrémité de sortie, qui est réalisé en forme de table.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la table (5, 12) est dotée de tubes de refroidissement (6) et est supportée dans le réacteur par les tubes (6) et/ou des conduits d'amenée (9) et/ou des conduits d'évacuation (10).
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un conduit (14) pour de l'air ou de l'oxygène, débouchant dans unetuyère (15) au-dessus du dispositif de guidage d'écoulement (5, 12), avec un agencement vertical du réacteur, est angencé dans un conduit d'agent de refroidissement (6, 9, 10) relié au dispositif de guidage d'écoulement (5, 12).
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la tuyère (15) est protégée par un capuchon (18).
EP81103343A 1981-05-04 1981-05-04 Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon Expired EP0064089B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81103343A EP0064089B1 (fr) 1981-05-04 1981-05-04 Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon
AT81103343T ATE10645T1 (de) 1981-05-04 1981-05-04 Vorrichtung zur kohlenstaub-druckvergasung.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81103343A EP0064089B1 (fr) 1981-05-04 1981-05-04 Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064089A1 EP0064089A1 (fr) 1982-11-10
EP0064089B1 true EP0064089B1 (fr) 1984-12-05

Family

ID=8187696

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81103343A Expired EP0064089B1 (fr) 1981-05-04 1981-05-04 Dispositif pour la gazéification sous pression de poussier de charbon

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0064089B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE10645T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8828339D0 (en) * 1988-12-05 1989-01-05 Shell Int Research Constant volume tubular reactor
CN107033972A (zh) * 2017-05-09 2017-08-11 哈尔滨工业大学 一种带有吹扫气保护的干煤粉气流床气化炉烧嘴

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1250046B (fr) * 1967-09-14
DE885766C (de) * 1942-01-18 1953-08-06 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Einrichtung zur Vergasung staubfoermiger oder feinkoerniger Brennstoffe
US2681852A (en) * 1948-05-28 1954-06-22 Texas Co Method for partial combustion of carbonaceous materials
DE1091268B (de) * 1953-09-29 1960-10-20 Texaco Development Corp Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Brenngases durch Vergasen eines festen feinzerteilten Brennstoffes
FR1207478A (fr) * 1958-06-20 1960-02-17 Sumitomo Chemical Co Procédé de gazéification de charbon pulvérisé
FR1314303A (fr) * 1962-02-09 1963-01-04 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de poussier de charbon en suspension
US3607156A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-09-21 Texaco Inc Hydrogen and carbon monoxide from slurries of solid carboniferous fuels
DE2044310C3 (de) * 1970-09-08 1974-01-31 Texaco Development Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff aus festem Brennstoff
DE2411086A1 (de) * 1974-03-08 1975-09-18 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbesserung des kohlenstoff-vergasungsgrades bei der vergasung von kohlenstaub in der schwebe
US3988123A (en) * 1975-08-15 1976-10-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Gasification of carbonaceous solids
FR2369502A1 (fr) * 1976-11-01 1978-05-26 Inex Resources Inc Procede et appareil de combustion de matieres carbonees solides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE10645T1 (de) 1984-12-15
EP0064089A1 (fr) 1982-11-10

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