EP0065276A2 - Dispositif pour fendre du plâtre et des pierres murales - Google Patents

Dispositif pour fendre du plâtre et des pierres murales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065276A2
EP0065276A2 EP82104145A EP82104145A EP0065276A2 EP 0065276 A2 EP0065276 A2 EP 0065276A2 EP 82104145 A EP82104145 A EP 82104145A EP 82104145 A EP82104145 A EP 82104145A EP 0065276 A2 EP0065276 A2 EP 0065276A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
splitting
cylinder
individual
support table
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82104145A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0065276A3 (en
EP0065276B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Porsfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813119694 external-priority patent/DE3119694C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19813119693 external-priority patent/DE3119693C2/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82104145T priority Critical patent/ATE17675T1/de
Publication of EP0065276A2 publication Critical patent/EP0065276A2/fr
Publication of EP0065276A3 publication Critical patent/EP0065276A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0065276B1 publication Critical patent/EP0065276B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/222—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising by pressing, e.g. presses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/202—With product handling means
    • Y10T83/2092—Means to move, guide, or permit free fall or flight of product
    • Y10T83/2198—Tiltable or withdrawable support

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paving and masonry splitting device with an upper tool which is driven in an oscillating manner in a frame and which interacts with a lower tool, the upper and lower tools each comprising a plurality of individual splitting wedges which can be moved relative to one another in the splitting direction and are hydraulically supported. Furthermore, the present invention is particularly concerned with the further development of upper and lower tools.
  • the splitting device known from this publication is characterized by an extremely complicated positioning device for the rock to be split between the upper and lower splitting wedges.
  • the positioning device comprises stationary fingers, vertically and horizontally movable fingers and lateral centering devices.
  • the positioning fingers are used to lift the rock fed by a conveyor slightly and to carry it between the lower and upper riving knife.
  • Such a measure is also necessary in the known splitting device since a support table serving as an abutment is missing. For this reason, the lateral centering device is also required.
  • the known device for positioning and supporting the rock to be split is completely unsuitable for manual operation, as is the rule in smaller quarries.
  • the rock to be split would be difficult to place by hand on the positioning fingers. There would also be a risk that after the splitting process the split rocks fall down and injure the operator. After all, there would be no guarantee that the rock to be split would be held in the desired position on the positioning fingers. Bad splits and splinters would be inevitable.
  • the resilient support of the support table is disadvantageous for highly non-uniform stones, since the table then assumes an uncontrolled inclined position due to correspondingly uneven loading, which leads to an undesirable fractured surface.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide a splitting device of the type mentioned, which is characterized by simple and, in particular, safe operation and which also ensures that the desired fracture surface is obtained even with a highly non-uniform shape of the rock to be split.
  • the rock to be split can be positioned well and safely between the upper and lower tools.
  • the support of the support table according to the invention namely via hydraulically, pneumatically or hydro-pneumatically controlled piston-cylinder units in such a way that the support table moves downwards during splitting of the stone material and after splitting according to the return movement of the upper tool into it the upper starting position is moved upwards again, so that the lower tool lies under the upper side or support surface of the support table.
  • a controlled, parallel lowering of the support table during the splitting process is ensured even in the case of highly irregularly shaped and thus unevenly weighted stone.
  • the desired fracture surface is ensured.
  • the controlled lowering movement of the support table is also independent of the weight of the stone to be split.
  • very different stone weights e.g. a mere deactivation of the hydraulic support elements leads to the danger that the table sinks prematurely with very heavy stones and thus an uncontrolled splitting process takes place, because the stone to be split would then tip over to one side over the lower tool protruding through the opening of the table
  • the lowering of the support table takes place essentially only under the pressure acting on the stone from the upper tool.
  • the support of the support table according to the invention avoids that after splitting Elasti. Freeing up those that result in rock throwing up and thus an increased risk of injury to the operator. It should be borne in mind that the devices of the type according to the invention with a gap forces of around 40 to 50 t.
  • the splitting device according to the invention presents itself as a machine which is very simple and can be handled safely and which guarantees a high splitting performance even when operated manually, even with rocks of very different weights and shapes and weight distributions.
  • the splitting device is preferably actuated by a foot switch, so that the operator's two hands are completely free for positioning the stone material to be split. During the splitting itself, the stone material no longer needs to be held with the hands. The predetermined position of the stone material to be split is maintained due to the design of the device according to the invention.
  • the pivoting movement of the work table can be directed and controlled so that the split stone material after splitting itself from the work table e.g. slips into a collecting container or trolley standing behind the device.
  • the immediate return stroke is preferably initiated when a sudden disproportionate increase in pressure (overload) is detected.
  • the return stroke of the splitting tool is preferably initiated whenever the pressure in the drive hydraulics suddenly drops (stone material is split!).
  • the development of the splitting tool according to the invention is based on the stone splitting tool known from FR-PS 1 448 921, which comprises a tool holder in which a plurality of individual splitting wedges arranged in a row are arranged such that they can be moved relative to one another, the individual splitting wedges each in one an incompressible medium (oil) filled cylinder space slidably and the cylinder spaces are fluidly connected.
  • FR-PS 1 448 921 which comprises a tool holder in which a plurality of individual splitting wedges arranged in a row are arranged such that they can be moved relative to one another, the individual splitting wedges each in one an incompressible medium (oil) filled cylinder space slidably and the cylinder spaces are fluidly connected.
  • splitting tool designed according to the invention is characterized by a much simpler and more effective construction.
  • the groove according to the invention on the side of the cylinder head facing the cylinder spaces which ensures a "spontaneously effective fluid connection", is of very important importance.
  • the cross section of the groove mentioned is of course also dimensioned to be large in order to maintain the spontaneously effective fluid connection.
  • the construction according to the invention is particularly effective when only one or two riving knives become effective, since these come into mechanical contact with the tool holder practically without delay, so that an undamped effect is achieved by the mechanical contact seed riving knife with the tool holder additionally accelerated splitting effect is achieved.
  • the groove connects two cylinder spaces arranged parallel to one another, the double-cylinder arrangement allowing the system pressure to be halved (approx. 150 bar) with the maximum splitting force unchanged (approx. 40 t or 310 bar).
  • the double cylinder arrangement therefore has the advantage that the hydraulics can be dimensioned weaker, which also results in fewer sealing problems.
  • the individual riving knives of the upper and lower tools are also fluid-connected, but not directly, but only via electro-hydraulic valves. These valves are also required for the two-step procedure sought in US Pat. No. 4,203,414.
  • the splitting wedges are first moved slowly to the stone to be split under low pressure, so that they can adapt automatically to the surface contour of the stone to be split.
  • the relative position of the individual riving knife is then locked by closing the solenoids associated with the aforementioned valves.
  • the locked single riving knife is subjected to high pressure by moving the riving knife yokes towards each other (see column 1, line 49 ff, column 18, line 4 ff and column 12, line 55 ff of US Pat. No. 4,203 414).
  • the known hydraulic system is therefore not comparable with the fluid connection according to the invention between the individual riving knife.
  • the tool holder represents a kind of continuation of the splitting tool or splitting wedge due to the wedge-shaped underside.
  • the paving and masonry splitting device shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists of a C-shaped frame 12, preferably in a welded steel sheet truss version, which is able to absorb the forces occurring during the splitting well. An inadmissible bending of the stand is not to be feared if the internal ribbing is strong enough.
  • a tool holder 30 for an upper tool 10 is fastened to the underside of the upper leg or crossbar of the C-shaped frame or stand 12 in such a way that it can be moved vertically up and down together with the upper tool.
  • the tool holder 30 is guided by means of a linear bearing 32 arranged either on the inside of the upright column 20 or on the two end faces of the column 20.
  • a correspondingly designed lower tool 16 which is arranged below the work table 14, is assigned to the upper tool 10 that can be moved up and down.
  • the work table 14 has a slot-shaped opening 18.
  • the work table 14 is pivotally mounted on the upright column 20 about an axis 24 extending horizontally and perpendicularly to the center plane of the C-shaped frame or column 12.
  • the opposite of the pivot axis 24 end of the work table 14 is deriverized rod 28 of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 26 supports.
  • the vertical relative movement of the work table 14 can also be achieved by a construction, as is indicated by dashed lines in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the work table is based on four piston-cylinder units 27 arranged in the corner area of the same, which are deactivated in a controlled manner during the splitting process, so that the work table is lowered essentially solely on account of the splitting force acting on the stone material, i.e. regardless of the stone weight can and the lower tool 16 enters the splitting function.
  • pivot axis 24 it is also conceivable to maintain the pivot axis 24 in the latter construction and to support it via at least two hydraulically, pneumatically or hydro-pneumatically controlled supports 27.
  • the work table is also to serve as a sliding plate for broken stone material, the work table then preferably tipping backwards, so that the broken stone material does not hinder or endanger the worker standing in front of the device.
  • the splitting tools are knife-like or wedge-shaped (riving knife).
  • the above-described pivoting or lowering movement of the work table 14 inevitably takes place in time with the upper tool 10, which can be moved vertically up and down, in such a way that when the upper tool 10 is returned, the table 14 is raised or pivoted back up into its horizontal position.
  • the stone material can then be easily moved and positioned on the table top.
  • the device according to the invention can also be coupled very well with an automatic stone material feed, this stone feed preferably working in the same cycle as the splitting tool or upper tool.
  • a suitable throttle preferably controlled by the hydraulic system of the upper tool, is arranged in the derivation of the piston-cylinder unit 26 which is open when deactivated.
  • the throttling effect can then be varied depending on the stone material to be split or broken.
  • the upper tool 10 is hydraulically driven, this drive being designed such that the upper tool in the direction of the same when the predetermined reaction force acting on it is exceeded, i.e. yields upwards or evades.
  • the hydraulic system can preferably also be designed such that the immediate return stroke movement of the upper tool is initiated in the event of a sudden pressure increase.
  • the above problem can be solved in a simple manner by providing a hydraulic valve in the derivation of the piston-cylinder unit assigned to the upper tool or the tool holder 30, which hydraulic valve can be brought into a reverse position for the return stroke of the upper tool 10, the Switching takes place depending on the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic system (pressure switch possibly with electrical signal conversion).
  • the positioning movement of the upper tool preferably takes place in the low pressure range and only the actual splitting work in the high pressure range up to approximately 500 bar, while the backward movement of the splitting tool generally takes place in the low pressure range.
  • the changeover from low pressure to high pressure can occur suddenly due to the tool design according to the invention.
  • the hydraulic system is also designed so that the return stroke movement of the upper tool 10 is also initiated in the event of a suddenly falling pressure.
  • a sudden drop in pressure means that the stone material is broken.
  • the upper tool 10 consists of five individual tools (riving knife) 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 that can be moved relative to one another.
  • the individual riving knives 34-42 are slidably mounted in a common cylinder body 44, which is part of the tool holder 30, in the splitting direction or direction of action of the upper tool, the cylinder runners 46, 46 ', 48 assigned to the individual riving knives and preferably filled with oil , 48 ', 50, 50', 52, 52 ', 54, 54' are fluidly connected to one another.
  • each cylinder riving knife is assigned two cylinder spaces.
  • the tops of the cylinder spaces are covered by a cylinder head 58.
  • a groove 56 is provided as a fluid connection between the cylinder spaces.
  • the fluid connection 56 compensates for the differently displaced oil volumes in the cylinder chambers by the pistons assigned to the individual riving knife and at the same time achieves a uniform pressure distribution over the individual riving knife. 5 and 6 with the reference numerals 64, 64 ', 66, 66', 68, 68 ', 70, 70', 72, 72 '.
  • the width and depth of the groove 56 are so dimensioned that a "spontaneous" fluid balance between the individual cylinder spaces can take place with uneven loading of the individual riving knife. (Groove width about half the diameter of the cylinder, groove depth about (1/2 - 1/4) groove width).
  • the pressure plates 74 in cooperation with a hydraulic piston guide plate 75 which closes off the underside of the cylinder spaces but is penetrated by the piston rods of the hydraulic pistons rigidly connected to the pressure plates, serve as a limitation for the movement of the individual splitting wedges in the upward direction. In the opposite direction, the movement of the individual riving knife is limited by the direct interaction of the hydraulic piston and guide plate 75.
  • the pistons 64, 64 '... 72, 72' are sealed in a conventional manner against the inner wall of the associated cylinder spaces (automatic roof sleeves 80).
  • the individual riving knives 34-42 are additionally mounted and held in a tool holder body 82 arranged below the cylinder body 44, the lower side of the tool holder body 82 facing the stone material or the cutting edge 60 of the single riving knife having chamfered edges 62 on which this broken stone material can slide off well.
  • an intermediate piece 84 is also arranged with a recess 86 within which the pressure plates 74 can move up and down.
  • the lower side of the intermediate piece 84 is also provided with chamfered edges 88.
  • the individual riving knife 34-42 are each provided with an elongated hole 90 through which a bolt 92 extends transversely.
  • the elongated hole 90 has the function of a suspension device for the individual riving knife.
  • the individual riving knife can preferably move in the vertical direction by approximately 40 mm relative to the tool holder 30.
  • At least one dust extraction device preferably using wide slot nozzles, is provided in the gap area between the upper tool 10 and the lower tool 16.
  • the lower tool can of course be designed in a manner corresponding to the upper tool according to FIGS. 5 to 7. This further increases the gap precision. Furthermore, the specific load on the tool cutting edges 60 is reduced to a minimum. It should be expressly pointed out that the splitting tool described can also be used for other types of splitting devices, e.g. for a device with a two-stand frame according to US Pat. No. 4,203,414.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
EP19820104145 1981-05-18 1982-05-12 Dispositif pour fendre du plâtre et des pierres murales Expired EP0065276B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82104145T ATE17675T1 (de) 1981-05-18 1982-05-12 Pflaster- und mauerstein-spaltvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3119693 1981-05-18
DE19813119694 DE3119694C2 (de) 1981-05-18 1981-05-18 Steinspaltwerkzeug
DE3119694 1981-05-18
DE19813119693 DE3119693C2 (de) 1981-05-18 1981-05-18 Pflaster- und Mauerstein-Spaltvorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0065276A2 true EP0065276A2 (fr) 1982-11-24
EP0065276A3 EP0065276A3 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0065276B1 EP0065276B1 (fr) 1986-01-29

Family

ID=25793330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820104145 Expired EP0065276B1 (fr) 1981-05-18 1982-05-12 Dispositif pour fendre du plâtre et des pierres murales

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4577613A (fr)
EP (1) EP0065276B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3268766D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0180127A2 (fr) 1982-09-03 1986-05-07 Friedhelm Porsfeld Dispositif de découpage pour des pavés ou pierres de taille

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4855683A (en) * 1987-11-18 1989-08-08 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Digital phase locked loop with bounded jitter
US6460534B1 (en) 1999-06-14 2002-10-08 Allcutters Machine And Welding Modular guillotine
USD451109S1 (en) 2000-02-18 2001-11-27 Mk Diamond Products, Inc. Masonry saw
US6687972B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2004-02-10 Mk Diamond Products, Inc. Method of forming a portable cutting apparatus
US20050211235A1 (en) * 2004-03-29 2005-09-29 Governo Anthony J Portable cutting appartus
FI121758B (fi) * 2008-11-21 2011-03-31 Kirnuvuori Oy Halkaisukiila
KR101135759B1 (ko) * 2009-11-02 2012-04-16 황동선 석재 절단장치
USD1043301S1 (en) 2020-01-31 2024-09-24 Westlake Royal Building Products Inc. Apparatus for partitioning construction materials
US12030215B2 (en) 2020-01-31 2024-07-09 Westlake Royal Roofing Llc Methods and apparatuses for cutting

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE23423E (en) * 1951-10-23 Solomito
US1919801A (en) * 1931-02-12 1933-07-25 John B Newsom Machine for making building blocks
US2514352A (en) * 1946-12-23 1950-07-04 Bloomington Limestone Corp Machine for making course height stone veneer
US2679840A (en) * 1949-09-12 1954-06-01 Herbert A Van Loon Stone cutting apparatus
US2723657A (en) * 1953-02-09 1955-11-15 Ivo L Jones Stone cutting machine
US2746447A (en) * 1953-12-28 1956-05-22 Petch Mfg Company Block splitting machine
US2779324A (en) * 1954-04-19 1957-01-29 Leon H Schlough Mason's splitting machine
US2768620A (en) * 1954-10-26 1956-10-30 Chris C Jenkins Stone splitting press
US2762359A (en) * 1954-11-09 1956-09-11 Gerhard B Entz Stone cutting machine
US3161190A (en) * 1963-06-27 1964-12-15 Thomas H Stephens Masonry cutter
FR1448921A (fr) * 1965-06-28 1966-08-12 Machine à cisailler les pierres
US3559631A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-02-02 E & R Mfg Co Inc Hydraulic masonry cutting machine
US3727600A (en) * 1971-10-12 1973-04-17 Park Tool Co Hydraulic stone splitter with shock absorber means
DE2153925A1 (de) * 1971-10-29 1973-05-10 J E Treutle Fa Messerbalken fuer eine steinspaltmaschine
DE2550478C2 (de) * 1975-11-11 1983-12-01 Magurit Gustav Rittershaus Gmbh & Co, 5630 Remscheid Gefrierfleischschneidemaschine
US4203414A (en) * 1979-01-08 1980-05-20 Mcclain Harold F Stone cutting apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0180127A2 (fr) 1982-09-03 1986-05-07 Friedhelm Porsfeld Dispositif de découpage pour des pavés ou pierres de taille
EP0102519B1 (fr) * 1982-09-03 1986-10-01 Friedhelm Porsfeld Dispositif pour fendre des pavés ou pierres à bâtir
EP0180127B1 (fr) * 1982-09-03 1988-12-28 Friedhelm Porsfeld Dispositif de découpage pour des pavés ou pierres de taille

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0065276A3 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0065276B1 (fr) 1986-01-29
US4577613A (en) 1986-03-25
DE3268766D1 (en) 1986-03-13

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