EP0070834B1 - Procede et composition permettant d'ameliorer la combustion de carburants - Google Patents

Procede et composition permettant d'ameliorer la combustion de carburants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070834B1
EP0070834B1 EP19810902943 EP81902943A EP0070834B1 EP 0070834 B1 EP0070834 B1 EP 0070834B1 EP 19810902943 EP19810902943 EP 19810902943 EP 81902943 A EP81902943 A EP 81902943A EP 0070834 B1 EP0070834 B1 EP 0070834B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
fuel
elements
aqueous solution
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810902943
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0070834A1 (fr
Inventor
Carl-Einar Nilsson
Ove Gustav Littorin
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81902943T priority Critical patent/ATE14231T1/de
Publication of EP0070834A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070834A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070834B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070834B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1275—Inorganic compounds sulfur, tellurium, selenium containing compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process to improve the combustion of fuels for the generation of energy, which process operates with reduced corrosion and lowered deposition on heat-transferring and other surfaces.
  • the invention has for its purpose to control said reactions so as to result in a more complete combustion, whereby the excess of air and the soot formation and discharge of polyaromats are reduced.
  • sulphur-containing fuel it is noted that it is desirable to suppress the oxidation of the sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide, the latter together with the water of the exhaust gases forming sulphuric acid resulting in non-desirable corrosion.
  • the dew point for sulphur trioxide is, in a manner known per se, dependent on the sulphur trioxide contents of the gases and the carbon dioxide content. The dew point diminishes with sinking sulphur trioxide content and with increasing carbon dioxide content. Thus, it is essential to suppress the formation of sulphur trioxide and to increase the content of carbon dioxide in the combustion gases.
  • the technique of the instant invention is based on the one hand the insight of these basic reactions in connection with the combustion, on the other hand the components present in the fuel including contaminants.
  • a more efficient combustion and an optimized control of the basic chemical reactions in connection herewith can be obtained if there is supplied to the combustion zone such a catalyst as to introduce into said zone at least the elements aluminium, magnesium, manganese and zinc.
  • a particular feature of the technique of this invention is the adaptation of the dosage of the said elements after the inherent contents of the fuel of said elements.
  • a heavy fuel oil containing magnesium When burning such fuel oil the contents of magnesium of a catalyst composition can be reduced in the corresponding degree as the inherent content of magnesium of the fuel oil.
  • An example to the contrary is a diesel engine fuel not containing zinc, where adding an organic zinc compound results in improved combustion and reduced corrosion.
  • the technique of the present invention is in general applicable to gaseous and liquid fuels.
  • the form of additive according to the invention may vary, inter alia in considering the fuel in question.
  • the additive can be present in liquid form, preferably an aqueous solution, in powder form, in the form of a slurry of powder in liquid or in other solid form.
  • composition used according to the invention can be supplied to the combustion zone in several ways, also in this case dependent on the fuel and the practical situation in question.
  • the composition can be admixed with the fuel before its supply into the combustion zone, it can be admixed with the air of combustion and, finally, it can be injected directly into the flame or into the combustion space in connection thereto.
  • one or several of the following elements may be added for the purpose of further improving the combustion conditions and the other conditions in connection with the combustion: cadmium, iron, tin, silicon, beryllium, copper, chromium, silver, barium, titanium, nickel, calcium, molybdenum, rubidium, vanadium, sodium, arsenic, boron, bromine, phosphorus and selenium.
  • the elements involved can be supplied to the combustion zone in varying quantities, from the order of from some tenths up to some tens of ppm based on the quantity of fuel. These added quantities refer to each and every element per se.
  • the present invention is particularly suited for application in connection with the combustion of liquid fuels, in particular so-called heavy oils for energy generation on a large scale.
  • the additive is suitably added as an aqueous solution containing soluble salts of the elements in question.
  • aqueous solutions of the active elements can be supplied to the combustion zone in several ways.
  • the aqueous solution is supplied to the fuel before the combustion and is emulsified therein in accordance with conventional technique.
  • the aqueous solution can be supplied to the combustion zone in a quantity of up to about 5 % by volume based on the volume of the fuel, and up to said upper limit the evaporization of the water constitutes an acceptable additional consumption of energy.
  • a particularly preferred quantity of additive in the form of an aqueous solution is 0.5-2 % by volume.
  • the concentration of the active element of the additive is adapted so that in supplying the aqueous solution in the relevant quantity to the combustion zone the said element is supplied in a quantity of the order of up to some tenths of ppm based on the quantity of fuel.
  • compositions to improve the combustion of fuels for energy generation, reduced corrosion and deposition on heat-transferring and other surfaces being obtained.
  • This composition includes at least the elements aluminium, manganese and zinc and dependent on the contents of trace elements of the fuel the composition may contain also magnesium.
  • This composition can be in liquid form, in the form of a powder, in the form of a slurry of solid material in liquid or in another solid form.
  • the composition may also contain an emulsifier.
  • the supply of the elements to the combustion zone means a more complete combustion, the oxidation of the sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide will be suppressed, and protection against corrosion within a broad temperature range will also be obtained.
  • the combustion can be performed with a decrease of the excess of air, which, or course, is favourable both with regard to the coefficient of utilization and also reduces the formation of sulphur trioxide.
  • a low excess of oxygen also, of course, results in an increased content of carbon dioxide which, as previously indicated, means lowered dew point for sulphur trioxide.
  • a fuel oil low in sulphur and of the heavy oil type is analyzed and is found to contain 5 ppms iron, 3 ppms lead, 4 ppms nickel and 25 ppms vanadium.
  • the contents of the elements Mn, Mg, AI and Zn are less than 1/2 ppm.
  • an aqueous solution of manganese sulphate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate and zinc sulphate As an additive there is used an aqueous solution of manganese sulphate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate and zinc sulphate.
  • the additive is dosed in a quantity of about 1/2 percent by volume based on the quantity of fuel oil, and the concentration of the aqueous solution of the elements in question is adjusted so that the fuel oil is supplied with 10 ppms of manganese, 5 ppms of magnesium, 5 ppms of aluminium and 10 ppms of zinc, all based on the quantity offuel oil.
  • the fuel oil is supplied to a boiler of a conventional type having one (1) burner and a capacity of up to about 8 tons of steam per hour.
  • This boiler is normally operated with an excess of air of 30-50 % and an exhaust gas temperature of 250-300°C.
  • the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered down to about 200°C and the excess of air can be reduced to about 20-30 %.
  • Example 1 The procedure according to Example 1 is repeated but using a fuel oil which, according to analysis performed, contains magnesium in an amount of about 3 ppms. Against this background the procedure of Example 1 is repeated but while using an additive not containing magnesium sulphide but only the remaining three elements in the same quantities. The same favourable results as in Example 1 are obtained in operating the boiler in regard to excess of air and exhaust gas temperature and other operational conditions. Moreover, by the adjusted process according to the invention overdosage of magnesium is avoided which otherwise by deposition on heat transferring surfaces will impair the heat transfer.
  • the additive in this case was an aqueous solution consisting of MnS0 4 and AI z 1S0 4 ) 3 and the dosage was performed in the same manner as above.
  • the sweeping frequency was reduced from once/day to once every fourth day and in spite of this the exhaust gas temperature during the sweeping intervals sank by 5-10°C on average.
  • the exhaust gas temperature could be further reduced by 5-10°C by increased heat recovery without the formation of sulphuric acid condensate.
  • the pH of ashes in the dust collectors increased from about 1.5 to about 3.5. The previous disturbing high and low temperature corrosion was gone. The contents of unburnt residues in ashes and exhaust gases were practically nil.
  • the present invention is not delimited to merely energy generation while using liquid fuels in accordance with the examples.
  • the additive according to the invention can be supplied to the combustion zone by atomization and supplied to for example supplied air or directly to the gaseous fuel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Procédé pour améliorer la combustion de combustibles gazeux ou liquides afin d'engendrer de l'énergie avec une corrosion réduite et un dépôt moindre sur les surfaces de transfert de chaleur et les autres surfaces, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à alimenter à la zone de combustion un catalyseur tel qu'on introduit dans ladite zone au moins des composés des éléments AI, Mg, Mn et Zn en quantité active pour une combustion efficace.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on adapte la dose desdits composés d'après les teneurs intrinsèques des combustibles desdits éléments.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 pour la combustion de combustibles liquides notamment d'huiles dites lourdes, caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient lesdits composés dissous dans une solution aqueuse qui est alimentée à la zone de combustion.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse est alimentée au combustible avant la combustion et est émulsi- fiée dans celui-ci.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on alimente la solution aqueuse dans la zone de combustion selon une quantité allant jusqu'à environ 5 % en volume calculée sur le volume de combustible.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on alimente la solution aqueuse selon une quantité de 0,5 à 2 % en volume.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chacun desdits composés est alimenté en une quantité allant de quelques dixièmes à quelques dizaines de parties par million calculée sur les éléments et la quantité de combustible.
EP19810902943 1980-10-17 1981-10-16 Procede et composition permettant d'ameliorer la combustion de carburants Expired EP0070834B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81902943T ATE14231T1 (de) 1980-10-17 1981-10-16 Verfahren und zusammensetzung zur verbesserung von brennstoffen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8007314 1980-10-17
SE8007314A SE8007314L (sv) 1980-10-17 1980-10-17 Forfarande och medel for att forbettra forbrenningen av brenslen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070834A1 EP0070834A1 (fr) 1983-02-09
EP0070834B1 true EP0070834B1 (fr) 1985-07-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP19810902943 Expired EP0070834B1 (fr) 1980-10-17 1981-10-16 Procede et composition permettant d'ameliorer la combustion de carburants

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070834B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57501585A (fr)
SE (1) SE8007314L (fr)
WO (1) WO1982001375A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005031528A1 (de) * 2005-06-29 2007-03-15 Hoffmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Steuerungssystem zur Minderung von Korrosionen und zur Reduzierung von Ablagerungen in einer Verbrennungsanlage

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA841679B (en) * 1983-03-10 1984-10-31 Fuel Tech Inc Catalyst system for delivering catalytic material to a selected portion of a combustion chamber
FR2637909A1 (fr) * 1988-10-18 1990-04-20 Rouet Jean Additifs de combustion comportant des derives metalliques, leur procede de fabrication et leur utilisation
GB9311070D0 (en) * 1993-05-28 1993-07-14 Gb Thermaxhem Ltd Compound
DE19701961A1 (de) * 1997-02-22 1998-12-24 Adolf Dipl Chem Metz Automobil-Bio-Katalysator-Additiv Flüssig-Katalysator als Zugabe in den Kraftstoff zur regenerativen Erneuerung der Natur und Entsäuerung der Böden
US7276094B2 (en) 2003-11-25 2007-10-02 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Mixed metal catalyst additive and method for use in hydrocarbonaceous fuel combustion system
US12331257B1 (en) * 2024-04-16 2025-06-17 Serhii Dubinevych Solid composition for improving combustion engine efficiency

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE108848C1 (fr) *
GB357179A (en) * 1930-06-17 1931-09-17 Patent Fuels & Color Corp Improvements in the art of colouring gasoline or other petroleum distillates
CH202497A (fr) * 1936-02-18 1939-01-31 Benjamin Toustou Jean Procédé pour améliorer les combustibles solides.
GB485333A (en) * 1937-05-03 1938-05-18 Marcel Pourbaix Improvements in and relating to the treatment of coke for increasing its reactivity
NL278128A (fr) * 1961-05-08
US3332755A (en) * 1964-06-03 1967-07-25 Apollo Chem Fuel additive
US3692503A (en) * 1969-02-26 1972-09-19 Apollo Chem Activated manganese containing additive for fuels
DD112660A1 (fr) * 1973-06-26 1975-04-20
DE2648741C3 (de) * 1976-10-27 1982-04-15 Gosudarstvennyj naučno-issledovatel'skij energetičeskij institut imeni G.M. Kržižanovskogo, Moskva Zusatzmischung für hochsiedende Erdölbrennstoffe undVerfahren zu deren Herstellung
CA1136078A (fr) * 1978-09-21 1982-11-23 George P. Masologites Procede d'extraction du soufre dans le charbon
US4512774A (en) * 1978-12-27 1985-04-23 Calgon Corporation Residual fuel oil conditioners containing metal salts in aqueous solution

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005031528A1 (de) * 2005-06-29 2007-03-15 Hoffmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Steuerungssystem zur Minderung von Korrosionen und zur Reduzierung von Ablagerungen in einer Verbrennungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8007314L (sv) 1982-04-18
EP0070834A1 (fr) 1983-02-09
WO1982001375A1 (fr) 1982-04-29
JPS57501585A (fr) 1982-09-02

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