EP0072814B1 - Composants de construction formes d'un materiau durcissable; procede de fabrication d'un tel composant de construction; et procede de production d'un cadre ou structure pour un batiment ou une partie de batiment utilisant un tel materiau de construction - Google Patents

Composants de construction formes d'un materiau durcissable; procede de fabrication d'un tel composant de construction; et procede de production d'un cadre ou structure pour un batiment ou une partie de batiment utilisant un tel materiau de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0072814B1
EP0072814B1 EP82900407A EP82900407A EP0072814B1 EP 0072814 B1 EP0072814 B1 EP 0072814B1 EP 82900407 A EP82900407 A EP 82900407A EP 82900407 A EP82900407 A EP 82900407A EP 0072814 B1 EP0072814 B1 EP 0072814B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
parts
reinforcement
concrete
building components
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Expired
Application number
EP82900407A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0072814A1 (fr
Inventor
Per Hofman
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT82900407T priority Critical patent/ATE14465T1/de
Publication of EP0072814A1 publication Critical patent/EP0072814A1/fr
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Publication of EP0072814B1 publication Critical patent/EP0072814B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/028—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members for double - wall articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/205—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members with apertured web, e.g. frameworks, trusses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
    • E04B2/7412—Posts or frame members specially adapted for reduced sound or heat transmission

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to beam-like building components comprising a first beam-part made of a castable and curable material, such as concrete, and having longitudinally extending reinforcement means embedded therein, and a second beam-part which is spaced from the first beam-part and connected thereto by means of a wire-like element extending rearwardly and forwardly i.e. back and forth between said beam-parts.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such building components, and is also instructive in various usages thereof, for example the use of such building members in constructing frames or structures for a building, or a part of a building, in a simple and ready fashion.
  • a beam-like building component of the aforedescribed kind is described and illustrated in DE-C-812 206.
  • DE-A-2 929 350 can also be said to describe a building component of the kind mentioned, although in this case it is a question of a concrete slab and not a concrete beam-part connected to a further beam-part via a forwardly and rearwardly extending wire.
  • the second beam-part comprises two iron angles welded together to form a T-shaped profile.
  • the building component is intended to form part of a floor structure, which also includes other profiled components. The use to which this building component can be put is thus very limited.
  • the second beam-part is also made of metal, such as steel, and is welded to the forwardly and rearwardly extending wire. Consequently, this type of building slab also has a very restricted use.
  • Other kinds of building components are described, for example, in the published PCT-Application with the number WO 80-01297, which describes a building component comprising two mutually parallel wooden strips, which are joined together with a wire extending rearwardly and forwardly between said strips.
  • CH-A-547 927 describes a concrete slab which is joined to a plurality of parallel metal components by means of wire-like elements.
  • DE-A-1 784 828 describes three triangularly arranged wooden beams, which are joined together by braces to form a truss or lattice structure.
  • US-A-4 125 981 describes a building structure comprising two parallel, composite boards on which concrete is applied, so that the boards are incorporated in the concrete structure.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight and rigid beam-like building component, whose dimensions can be readily varied in dependence upon prevailing requirements, which is simple to manufacture without requiring complicated equipment therefor, and which finds miscellaneous use within the building field, where said component can be used for both vertical and horizontal members in the erection of building structures.
  • the present invention comprises a beam-like building component of the aforementioned kind which is mainly characterized in that the second beam-part is also made of a castable and curable material, such as concrete, having a longitudinally extending reinforcement means embedded therein; and in that the wire-like means extending back and forth between the beam-parts is joined with the longitudinally extending reinforcement means of each beam-part while connecting said beam-parts to form a lightweight, torque-rigid force-absorbing unit provided with integral reinforcement means.
  • the back and forth extending wire-like means - which can be said to form a reinforcement spacer means between the beam-parts, determining the width or height of the building component - is statically significant since it connects the longitudinally extending reinforcement means of respective beam-parts together. In this way, it is possible to adjust such beam properties as static bearing capacity, section modulus and moment-absorbing capacity to prevailing requirements in a simple fashion.
  • the shape of the beam and its low weight per running meter, coupled with its material, steel and concrete, in static combination enables the beam to be used over a wide field.
  • the central vacant space between the beam-parts, in the region of the forwardly and rearwardly extending wire-like means can be put to a number of purposeful uses.
  • the space can be used for accommodating the doorframes and windowframes of the building.
  • the vacant space can also be used to accommodate insulating material, in which case the building walls will be substantially constantly insulated along the whole of said walls, without the occurrence of thermal bridges.
  • a structure erected from building components according to the invention can also be provided with front and back mould walls, enabling concrete to be cast to form a substantially continuous wall or floor structure, the building component in this case being used as a so-called loss mould.
  • Building components constructed in accordance with the invention can be used, to advantage, for erecting body structures for such buildings as private houses, low and high rise buildings, schools and industrial buildings.
  • the said building components can, in addition, be used to erect other building structures, such as roofs, balconies, baluster etc., in a ready and simple fashion.
  • the design of the beam facilitates the application of elements for attaching facade elements, such as bricks or other facade covering elements.
  • the two beam-parts comprise the same material, optionally with intermediate parts joining the beam-parts.
  • At least one side of the beam-parts is provided with a longitudinally extending wooden strip, which is cast into said beam-part or joined thereto in some other way, and intended to facilitate connection of the beam-part to another building component, by means of nails or screws.
  • a method for manufacturing a beam-like, reinforced building component comprising two reinforced beam-parts in spaced apart parallel relationship and made of a castable and curable material, such as concrete, is mainly characterized by introducing into a mould provided with side and end bulkheads and a central, upwardly tapering form body having a height which corresponds approximately to half the thickness of the finished component, a reinforcement ladder or tied-mesh reinforcement which includes a longitudinally extending reinforcement for each beam-part and a reinforcement rod which connects said each beam-part and which extends forwardly and rearwardly between said longitudinally extending reinforcement means; by introducing into the form subsequent hereto a similar, downwardly tapering form body having a height which corresponds approximately to half the thickness of the building component and being anchored relative to the first form body; and by casting concrete or some other curable material into the form and vibrating said form, and permitting the concrete or other curable material to set.
  • the method according to the invention does not require any complicated mould or form equipment, and hence building components according to the invention can be manufactured on a factory scale without necessitating high investment costs. Thus, in many instances it may be economically rewarding to arrange for the building components to be manufactured in the immediate vicinity of a building site on which a building is to be erected, the body structure of which building shall comprise building components according to the invention.
  • the tied-mesh reinforcement is placed on strips of foamed plastics or like material on the bottom form body, these strips being compressed under the weight of the tied-mesh reinforcement and the upper form body, to form a seal for the cast concrete or like material, so that the central area of the tied-mesh reinforcement is substantially free of concrete.
  • the building components can be used as vertical wall supports, horizontal bearing elements and roof trusses, which are joined together by screw joints, and the vacant space between parts of the building components in the region of the central portions of the tied-mesh reinforcement can be used for mounting window frames and door frames and the like between the building components, for drawing electrical conduits, water-supply lines, and for housing insulating material and the like.
  • a building component according to the invention has a more or less universal function with a multiplicity of uses.
  • the free space between the parts of the building components can be utilized in different ways to facilitate the erection of the building and to make said erection less expensive.
  • a beam-like building component 1 comprising a first concrete beam-part 2 provided with a longitudinally extending reinforcement 4, and a second concrete beam-part 3 which extends parallel with said first beam-part 2 and which is provided with a longitudinally extending reinforcement 5.
  • a wire-like means 6 Extending forwardly and rearwardly between the beam-parts is a wire-like means 6, which is welded to each of the reinforcements 4 and 5 of respective beam-parts, to join the beam-parts together to form a lightweight, moment-rigid, force-absorbing unit provided with an integral reinforcement.
  • the height or thickness of the beam-part can be varied in dependence upon the requirements placed on the building component when used.
  • the longitudinally extending reinforcement 4 and 5 in respective beam-parts may also having varying diameter, as can also the forwardly and rearwardly extending reinforcement 6, which serves as a distance-means reinforcement between the beam-parts and thus determines the height of the building component in a horizontal position.
  • the building component 1 can be used as a horizontal or vertical structural member when erecting different building frame structures or body structures, and can be connected to other building components through suitable bolt-nut joints.
  • the building component can also be joined to other building components by nails or screws, in which case the building component suitably has the form of one of the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1b-1e.
  • Each wooden strip 8 can be provided with a waist 8a for anchoring the strips in respective beam-parts when cast therein.
  • respective wooden strips can be through-passed by a plurality of transverse steel anchoring pegs (not shown) arranged at a given distance apart, e.g. 400 mm in corresponding beam-parts 2 and 4 respectively.
  • each beam-part 2 and 4 has a wooden strip 8 whose width is greater than the corresponding wooden strips illustrated in Figure 1b.
  • each beam part 2 and 3 is provided with two longitudinally extending reinforcements 4 and 5 respectively.
  • the second beam part has a smaller height and width than the first beam-part 2, which in turn has two wooden strips 8.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 1e is similar to the Figure 1c embodiment, insomuch as the two beam-parts 2 and 3 are joined by two forwardly and rearwardly extending reinforcing rods 6. Since, however, one beam-part 3 has smaller dimensions than the other beam-part 2, the reinforcement rods 6 extending between the beam-parts to form spacer means form an angle with each other.
  • the beam-part 2 of larger dimensions also has a wooden strip 8 cast therein.
  • Figures 1f-1 k illustrate embodiments of beam-like building components according to the invention for use as vertical support or carrying members.
  • the embodiments illustrated in Figure 1i and Figure 1j each have an open bottom end, to enable them to be fitted onto a horizontal support beam (see Figure 5).
  • the beam-like building members of these two embodiments, and also the embodiment according to 1h, are also open upwardly, for receiving an upper support beam (see Figure 6a).
  • Some embodiments for example the embodiments shown in Figures 1g, 1h and 1k, are instead, or in addition, provided with upper and lower closed recesses, for accommodating support beams, which in this case are inserted into the vertical building components laterally.
  • Figure 1f illustrates an embodiment of a building component according to the invention provided with an upper and a lower laterally directed recess for co-operation with upper and lower support beams respectively (not shown).
  • FIG. 1f illustrates that support or carrying beams constructed in accordance with the invention can be provided with recesses of varying design and of varying locations for co-operation with horizontal support beams, roof trusses or the like.
  • Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of a roof truss comprising two coherently cast beam-like building components according to the invention, said components forming an angle therebetween.
  • Figure 1 m illustrates an embodiment of a building component according to the invention for use as a horizontal beam and intended to be assembled together with, for example, one of the support or carrying beams illustrated in Figure 1 f-1 k.
  • FIGS 2a-2f The procedural steps taken when manufacturing beam-like building components according to Figure 1a are shown in Figures 2a-2f.
  • a simple form 10 having a form bottom 11 which rests on two iron angles 12.
  • the vertical sides of the angles are provided with side bulkheads 13, which are pivotally connected to the angles 12 by means of longitudinally extending pivots 14.
  • the form is also provided with end bulkheads (not shown).
  • an upwardly tapering form body 15 made of steel plate and having a height which corresponds approximately to half the thickness of the finished component.
  • two parallel strips 16 of foamed plastics are placed on the form body 15.
  • a reinforcement ladder or tied-mesh reinforcement comprising a longitudinally extending reinforcement 4 and 5 and an interconnecting reinforcement rod 6 extending forwardly and rearwardly therebetween is then placed on top of the form body 15.
  • a downwardly tapering form body 18 provided with two mutually parallel foam-plastics strips 16 is then placed on the reinforcement 17, the form bodies being anchored by means of a plurality of bolts 19 arranged in suitable spaced relationship, as illustrated in Figure 2d.
  • the weight of the upper form body 18 and the reinforcement ladder 17 compresses the foam-plastics strip 16, to form seals which prevent concrete from penetrating into the space between the form bodies, when concrete is poured into the form.
  • Figure 2e is a perspective view of the form with a cast building component therein.
  • the form and building component can, in this state, be moved, for example on a carriage, to a station where the building component is allowed to harden or set, whereafter the mould is stripped (Figure 2f).
  • Building components according to the invention can be manufactured in series by means of the described method, and the illustrated form can be constructed in a rapid and simple manner, with low investment costs for the form equipment.
  • the use of a loose bottom-form according to Figure 2 enables it to be removed from the mother form, when the concrete begins to set, thereby enabling the mother form to be cleaned and provided with a new bottom-form for a further casting operation.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view which illustrates schematically a building body structure erected from building components according to the invention.
  • the building components form both vertical wall supports and horizontal support beams, floor structures orso-called ground plates.
  • slightly modified building components 1 of approximately the kind illustrated in Figure 11 form roof trusses. These roof trusses can be described as having legs 1 b which extend from a central part 1 a and which form angles with one another.
  • Figure 3 also illustrates, among other things, how a simplified foundation can be made with the use of beam-like building components according to the invention.
  • a skirting having a height, for example, of 40-50 cm there is used downwardly extending recessed vertical support beams, e.g. according to Figure 1h, at a distance from the level of the ground, said vertical beam being provided with recesses for accommodating a horizontal support beam, e.g. according to Figure 1 m, which supports a floor structure, which may also comprise beams according to Figure 1 m.
  • This possibility of producing a simplified foundation structure represents a substantial saving in costs, among other things because the groundwork required is reduced and because no skirting or substrate need be cast.
  • the building components can be joined together by bolt-nut joints 25, this being facilitated by the free space in the central part of the building component.
  • through-passing holes 1c may also be provided in respective building components, for the passage of bolts.
  • Figures 4a-4d illustrate schematically an embodiment of a method of building a foundation and of anchoring the bottom part of the frame body structure to basement or foundation slabs.
  • this method there is first provided in a ground foundation 20 holes 20a for accommodating skirting foundations, which are reinforced and cast in concrete.
  • holders 22 for beam supports in the form of building components 1 are inserted into the cast footings 21, which components are anchored in the manner illustrated in Figure 4b when the concrete sets.
  • Figure 4c illustrates a mould side 23 mounted to holders 22. Subsequent to mounting said form side 23, the foundation is filled and packed to the correct height.
  • Building components 1 forming vertical wall supports can then be mounted in position and connected to the holders 22 by means of bolts and nuts 25.
  • the wall supports carry horizontal building components 1 serving as support beams, which in turn support building components 1 serving as horizontal floor beams or so-called ground plates.
  • the horizontal floor beams 1 are joined to the wall supports by means of a bolt and nut joint 25.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a modified foundation-laying method, in which some basement slabs 24 are omitted.
  • the lower portions of vertical wall supports in the form of building components 1 are instead cast directly into spot footings 21 cast in the ground, whereafter horizontal support beams, also in the form of building components 1, are inserted in recesses in the vertical wall supports.
  • Ground plates or a floor structure comprising building components 1 according to the invention are then mounted on the horizontal support beams, said ground plates or floor structure being joined to the vertical wall supports by means of bolt-nut joints 25.
  • the structure can then be continued vertically, to build a multi-level building, optionally a so-called high rise building.
  • Figure 6a illustrates by way of example a method of installing window frames and door frames in a building body structure.
  • Window frames 27 and door frames 28 are secured to vertical stays in the form of building components 1, which are provided with upper and lower recesses which enable said stays to be connected to upper and lower horizontal support beams prior to installing said frames 27 and 28. It will be readily seen that a reliable construction is obtained which enables the vertical position of the window and door frames to be varied in a simple fashion.
  • Figure 6b illustrates a method of erecting a multiple-floor building with the use of building components 1 according to the invention.
  • Upper load-carrying beams in the form of building components 1 of smaller dimension extend perpendicularly to the plane of the paper, in upper recesses arranged in vertical wall supports, which supports may comprise building components of the kind illustrated in Figure 1i.
  • Resting on the load-carrying beams are horizontal beams, for example according to Figure 1m, which form floor structures and which are joined to the vertical support beams by bolt-nut joints 25.
  • form boards or shuttering 32 e.g. made of plywood, so-called plyfaform.
  • the outer form extends right up to the upper edge of the wall support, while the inner form board extends to a level corresponding to the sealing height of the room.
  • the horizontal floor-structure members are also clad on the underside thereof with form material 32, which is also screwed firmly to the said members by means of screw joints 33.
  • the space between the form sides is filled with concrete to the level of the lower edge of the upper floor structure.
  • the vertical support beams are then placed in position for erecting the following floor - indicated in the upper margin of Figure 6b - in preparation for the next day's casting operation.
  • These wall supports are placed on the horizontal load-bearing beams and are screwed thereto and to the beams of the floor structure. Concrete is then poured-in, up to the upper edge of the floor structure.
  • the forms are stripped on the following day, and the next floor to be erected is made ready for casting etc.
  • the building components 1 located between the form sides 32 will be cast in the concrete wall, and thus form so-called lost moulds.
  • Figure 7a illustrates an arrangement for providing compartment recesses for skirting in conjunction with a support beam for a building body structure erected from building components according to the invention.
  • a horizontal building component 1 according to the invention is accommodated in the skirting and carries floor-structure members which also comprise building components 1 and which extend perpendicularly.
  • Figure 7b illustrates how two support beams in the form of building components 1 are arranged side by side in the skirting, to permit additional loading.
  • Figure 7c illustrates a principal method of procedure when applying load-bearing members for facade elements, e.g. bricks.
  • load-bearing components 30 of particular design, as illustrated in Figures 7e and 7f.
  • these bearing members 30 are hooked onto horizontal support beams 1 accommodated in the skirting, at a given spacing apart.
  • Figures 8a-8d illustrate a number of different arrangements of support members against spot- footings and basement slabs respectively (Figure 8a) for beams of long span, where two or more building components 1 are arranged adjacent one another ( Figure 8b), and supports for beams when splicing or joining.
  • Figure 8c is a side view of a suitable support element, while Figure 8d illustrates how two horizontal building components are joined or spliced together by means of horizontal splicing or connecting iron 38.
  • Figures 9a and 9b illustrate two examples of how a concrete plank is mounted to a building component according to the invention, to produce a so-called lost form.
  • Pre-fabricated wall elements 34 in the form of concrete planks or slabs are provided with shoulders 34a defined by an inclined surface corresponding to the slope of respective beam-parts 2.
  • the inner wall element 35 which also comprises a concrete plank or slab, is provided with corresponding shoulders 35a.
  • shoulders 34a and 35a on the outer and inner walls 34 and 35 respectively is such that when concrete is cast between the outer and inner walls, the pressure exerted by the concrete is transmitted to the building components.
  • the wall elements 34, 35 will be anchored to the building components 1 to form a so-called lost form.
  • Figure 9b illustrates an arrangement which is a modification of the Figure 9a embodiment and in which the outer and inner walls 34' and 35' respectively exhibit instead mutually abuting surfaces 34'a and 35'a respectively which are straight instead of being inclined.
  • the abutment surfaces abut mutually opposed side surfaces of the building component 1.
  • the outer and inner walls 34', 35' are anchored to respective building components 1 by means of ties 40.
  • the building component 1 exhibits a recess in the region of its central part facilitates concreting of the walls and ensures an improved end result.
  • a continuous concrete core along the whole of the wall.
  • the space between the outer and inner walls 34, 35 and 34', 35' respectively can be filled with insulating material, thereby to obtain an unbroken insulation in the region of the building element 1, without the presence of thermal bridges.
  • the building component need not have the form illustrated in Figure 1, but can be modified in different ways, in which the two beam-parts 2 and 3 along given parts of the building component are joined together and/or form given angles with one another. It is essential with respect to the invention that the building component exhibits two reinforced beam-parts which are joined together by a rearwardly and forwardly extending wire-like means which forms a distance-reinforcement means and which exhibits those properties described above. It will be readily understood to one of normal skill in this art, however, that different types of special members or elements designed for particular purposes can be produced and, independence upon the requirements set, given a form different to the basic form of the building component without departing from the basic concept of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Elément de construction en forme de poutre, comprenant une première partie de poutre (2) réalisée dans un matériau moulable durcissant tel que du béton et comportant un renfort longitudinal (4) noyé dans celui-ci, et une seconde partie de poutre (3) placée à une certaine distance de la première partie de poutre et se reliant à celle-ci par des moyens en forme de fil (6) allant et venant d'arrière en avant entre ces parties de poutres, élément caractérisé en ce que la seconde partie de poutre (3) est également réalisée dans un matériau moulable durcissant tel que du béton comportant un renfort longitudinal (5) noyé dans celui-ci d'arrière en avant, et en ce que les moyens en forme de fil (6) s'étendant entre les parties de poutres, sont reliés aux renforts longitudinaux (4, 5) des parties de poutres respectives pour les associer de manière à former un poids léger, un moment indéformable, un bloc d'absorption de charge, muni d'un renfort intégré.
2. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties de poutres (2, 3) sont réalisées dans le même matériau durcissant et comportent des parties intermédiaires les reliant entre elles.
3. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'un au moins des côtés des parties de poutres comporte une bande de bois longitudinale (8) moulée dans la partie de poutre correspondante ou reliée à celle-ci de toute autre manière, cette bande de bois étant destinée à faciliter la liaison de cette partie de poutre à un autre élément de construction par des joints à clous ou à vis.
4. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces latérales de parties de poutres (2, 3) et les surfaces les plus éloignées l'une de l'autre, sont sensiblement planes.
5. Elément de construction selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les parties de poutres (2, 3) sont taillées en cônes s'amincissant dans le sens où elles se font face.
6. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de construction renforcé en forme de poutre (1) comprenant deux parties de poutres espacées parallèles (2, 3) en matériau moulable et durcissant tel que du béton, procédé caractérisé par une introduction dans une forme (10) munie de cloisons latérales et de nervures (13), et d'un corps central chanfreiné vers le haut (15) dont la hauteur correspond approximativement à la moitié de l'épaisseur de l'élément terminé, d'un dispositif de renforcement (17) constitué d'un renfort longitudinal (4, 5) pour chaque partie de poutre et d'un renfort en forme de fil (6) reliant ensemble les parties de poutres et allant et venant d'arrière en avant entre les renforts longitudinaux (4, 5); par l'introduction ensuite dans la forme d'un corps chanfreiné analogue vers le bas (18) dont la hauteur correspond approximativement à la moitié de l'épaisseur de l'élément de poutre et s'accrochant au premier corps; et au versement du béton ou tout autre matériau durcissant dans la forme en le faisant vibrer pour lui permettre de prendre.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à placer les moyens de renforcement (17) sur les bandes (16) de mousse de plastique ou autre matériau posé sur le corps inférieur (15), la disposition étant telle que les bandes se compriment sous le poids des moyens de renforcement et du corps supérieur pour former un joint du béton moulé ou autre, de façon que la partie centrale des moyens de renforcement (17) soit pratiquement exempte de béton.
8. Procédé de construction d'une structure de corps ou de charpente de bâtiment, ou d'une partie de cette structure, au moyen des éléments de construction en forme de poutres (1)selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise les éléments de construction (1) aussi bien comme supports de parois verticales que comme éléments horizontaux de support de charge reliés ensemble par des joints à vis (25); et en ce qu'on utilise l'espace libre compris entre les parties d'éléments de construction situées dans la zone centrale des moyens de renforcement en forme de fil (6), pour faciliter le montage des châssis de portes ou fenêtres ou autres (27, 28) entre ces éléments de construction, ou pour faire passer entre eux des conduites d'électricité ou d'eau, ou des isolants ou autres.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'on visse ensemble les éléments de construction, on monte en même temps sur ceux-ci des formes latérales (32,34,35) se présentant éventuellement sous la forme d'éléments de parois préfabriqués, puis on verse du béton entre ces éléments, la disposition étant telle que le béton coule entre les parties de poutres pour former des murs ininterrompus dans lesquels les éléments de construction forment ce qu'on appelle des formes noyées.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les murs extérieurs, les murs d'isolation et les murs intérieurs, sont montés sur la structure de charpente ou sur la structure de corps de bâtiment construite à partir de ces éléments de construction, l'isolation passant dans l'espace compris entre les parties d'éléments de construction pour former une isolation parfaitement continue et sans ponts thermiques le long du mur.
11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'on visse à la structure de charpente ou à la structure de corps, des fermes de toiture constituées d'éléments de construction analogues dont les surfaces extérieures et intérieures sont munies d'une couverture d'éléments de béton.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel on utilise un élément de construction (1) dont les parties de poutres (2, 3) vont en s'amincissant l'une vers l'autre, caractérisé en ce qu'on monte entre les éléments de construction (1) des éléments de faux plafond, de plancher, de faux plancher ou autres, munis de projections (34a, 35a) présentant une surface inclinée et/ou de butée correspondant à la forme des parties de poutres (2, 3) au point de contact avec celles-ci, les éléments en question étant maintenus fixés aux éléments de construction (1) par la force exercée contre ceux-ci, sans utilisation d'une forme extérieure ou autre (figure 9a).
EP82900407A 1981-02-20 1982-02-05 Composants de construction formes d'un materiau durcissable; procede de fabrication d'un tel composant de construction; et procede de production d'un cadre ou structure pour un batiment ou une partie de batiment utilisant un tel materiau de construction Expired EP0072814B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82900407T ATE14465T1 (de) 1981-02-20 1982-02-05 Balkenaehnliches bauwerksteil aus aushaertendem material; verfahren zur fertigung solch eines bauteils, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines rahmens oder gefueges fuer ein bauwerk oder bauwerksteil unter nutzung eines solchen baustoffs.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8101136A SE436213B (sv) 1981-02-20 1981-02-20 Balkformat byggelement
SE8101136 1981-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0072814A1 EP0072814A1 (fr) 1983-03-02
EP0072814B1 true EP0072814B1 (fr) 1985-07-24

Family

ID=20343182

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82900407A Expired EP0072814B1 (fr) 1981-02-20 1982-02-05 Composants de construction formes d'un materiau durcissable; procede de fabrication d'un tel composant de construction; et procede de production d'un cadre ou structure pour un batiment ou une partie de batiment utilisant un tel materiau de construction

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0072814B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3264811D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK466582A (fr)
FI (1) FI70969C (fr)
NO (1) NO823463L (fr)
SE (1) SE436213B (fr)
WO (1) WO1982002916A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE449887B (sv) * 1983-12-20 1987-05-25 Axel Bert Roger Ericsson Balk
WO1986004105A1 (fr) * 1985-01-02 1986-07-17 Per Hofman Organe de positionnement
SE501459C2 (sv) * 1993-07-19 1995-02-20 George Wegler Anordning vid balkupplag
US7140158B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-11-28 William Steadman Composite beam
RU178522U1 (ru) * 2017-08-25 2018-04-06 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Юниклинкер" Сборно-монолитное перекрытие

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2112480A (en) * 1935-09-03 1938-03-29 Reynolds Corp Joist
DE812206C (de) * 1949-08-25 1951-08-27 Franz Dipl-Ing Wild Traeger fuer schalungsfrei verlegbare Massivdecken
DE816305C (de) * 1950-08-22 1951-10-08 Franz Dipl-Ing Wild Stahlbeton-Deckenbalken
DE1683860B2 (de) * 1967-04-05 1974-12-12 Josef 7560 Gaggenau Kaletka Schalung zur serienmäßigen Fertigung von mindestens einseitig offenen Raumzellen aus Beton, wie Fertiggaragen od.dgl
CH547927A (fr) * 1971-12-08 1974-04-11 Vigarex Ets Poutre.
DE2213433A1 (de) * 1972-03-20 1973-10-04 August Nolte Betonformsteinschalungsmauerwerk
DE2356288A1 (de) * 1973-11-10 1975-05-15 Mannesmann Leichtbau Gmbh Giesskasten zur herstellung von fertigbauteilen, insbesondere von balken aus beton
LU77320A1 (fr) * 1976-05-14 1977-08-24
US4372093A (en) * 1978-12-19 1983-02-08 Frelena Ab Truss of lattice type
DE2929350A1 (de) * 1979-07-20 1981-02-12 Ulrich Dipl Ing Fiergolla Verbundtraeger fuer gebaeudedecken

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK466582A (da) 1982-10-20
WO1982002916A1 (fr) 1982-09-02
SE8101136L (sv) 1982-08-21
FI823569A0 (fi) 1982-10-19
SE436213B (sv) 1984-11-19
DE3264811D1 (en) 1985-08-29
FI70969B (fi) 1986-07-18
NO823463L (no) 1982-10-18
FI70969C (fi) 1986-10-27
EP0072814A1 (fr) 1983-03-02

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