EP0073948B1 - Water-impermeable humidity conductive textile material - Google Patents

Water-impermeable humidity conductive textile material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0073948B1
EP0073948B1 EP82107310A EP82107310A EP0073948B1 EP 0073948 B1 EP0073948 B1 EP 0073948B1 EP 82107310 A EP82107310 A EP 82107310A EP 82107310 A EP82107310 A EP 82107310A EP 0073948 B1 EP0073948 B1 EP 0073948B1
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Prior art keywords
textile material
material according
coating
textile
hydrophilic
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0073948A2 (en
EP0073948A3 (en
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Hubert von Blücher
Hasso von Blücher
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • D06N3/08—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products with a finishing layer consisting of polyacrylates, polyamides or polyurethanes or polyester
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material made of a water vapor-permeable textile carrier, which is coated with a hydrophilic polymer.
  • a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material of the type mentioned is known, in which the coating is carried out with a hydrophilic acrylic resin which contains free carboxyl groups.
  • the coating is done chemically by decomposing tert-butyl acrylate at temperatures from 70 to 170 ° C. Butene is eliminated in the decomposition of the tert-butyl acrylate, so that a foam is obtained. Since considerable amounts of butene are released during the decomposition of the tert-butyl acrylate, a foam layer of a few centimeters would be obtained using a pure tert-butyl acrylate polymer.
  • EP-A-52 915 which is to be regarded as state of the art within the meaning of Art. 54 (3) in relation to the present invention for the contracting states AT, BE, CH, DE, FR, IT, LI, NL, SE the coating of waterproof moisture-conducting textile materials with a breathable and thus water vapor-permeable polyurethane film.
  • the polyurethane is a block polymer made of harder and softer segments, the latter carrying OH groups, which enable water vapor migration.
  • this has the further disadvantage that the polymer can only be processed in solution.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material of the aforementioned type which is water-tight and possibly also air-tight, but is able to store a considerable amount of moisture initially, but also to transport and in shape to release water vapor on both sides again, the disadvantages of the previously known textile materials being avoided.
  • the hydrophilic polymer with which the textile backing material is coated is a hydrophilic acrylic resin applied as a dispersion with sufficient hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups to provide a coating with a water vapor permeability of at least 500 g / 24 hm 2 according to DIN 53 122, which can store 200 to 400% of its weight in moisture.
  • the textile material according to the invention can absorb a brief overproduction of moisture, which cannot be drained out quickly enough, like a buffer.
  • This buffer effect of the coating which has a favorable influence on the wearing comfort, is combined with the moisture transport in such a way that the textile material meets the high mechanical requirements. It is also possible to use the properties of the textile material according to the invention to provide a specific protective action, e.g. against aggressive chemicals, bacteria or radiation.
  • the sealing layer is preferably a foam coating which can additionally be compressed. Such a foam coating and the subsequent compression are common working methods in textile equipment.
  • the textile backing can be coated on both sides.
  • a further layer of a water vapor-permeable textile fabric can be applied to the coating with the hydrophilic polymer. Materials with a specific protective effect can be embedded in the coating. These materials with a specific protective effect can also be applied to the coating.
  • the coating according to the invention can be airtight.
  • the hydrophilic acrylic resin according to the invention can be modified with polyvinyl chloride.
  • a hydrophilic acrylic resin modified with polyurethane can also be used.
  • the polyurethane can be a dispersion or another system with a solids content of 80 to 100%.
  • the textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called nonwoven material. It can be made from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk as well as from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethanes, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, aramids or even mineral fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers. It is not important whether the textile backing itself is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but what matters most is that it is permeable to water vapor. In the case of a very dense, only slightly air-permeable textile fabric, the own hydrophilicity of the fibers can also contribute, while a hydrophobic textile support should be sufficiently open to be sufficiently permeable to water vapor in this way.
  • the textile material according to the invention offers a wide range of uses, for example e.g. for protective clothing, in particular for emergency rescue suits for pilots. It can also be used for sleeping bags or as an upper material for shoes.
  • the property of the textile material according to the invention to absorb water vapor at locations with high partial pressure, to allow the water molecules in the layer to migrate to locations with lower partial pressure and to release it on the surface in the form of water vapor is due to the fact that the closed layer has enough hydrophilic properties Groups, especially hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups are included. These hydrophilic groups can be produced on the basis of a copolymerization or cocondensation of monomers which cause chain formation or crosslinking with hydrophilic monomers. It is equally possible to process polymers with a very high water absorption capacity together with polymers which have other desired properties but are themselves not or less hydrophilic.
  • Monomers with hydrophilic groups are, for example, hydroxyalkyl acrylates or the acrylic and methacrylic acid esters of polyalkylene oxides or polyalkyleneimides. Such acrylic or methacrylic acid derivatives can then be copolymerized with the acrylic or methacrylic acid esters forming the base polymer and crosslinkable monomers. Dispersions of such hydrophilic resins are known for example from DE-OS 2 749 386. The commercial product Plextol 4871 DO from Röhm GmbH is also suitable for sealing moisture-conducting coatings, but also modified vinyl alcohol resins or cellulose regenerates.
  • copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate in which the acetate groups have been hydrolyzed to OH groups or polyurethanes with an excess of OH or NH and NH 2 groups.
  • hydrophilic monomers can be copolymerized, it is also possible to blend dispersions made therefrom with dispersions whose properties are desired for other reasons.
  • polyurethanes have very good mechanical properties and polyvinyl chloride improves flame retardancy. Z is useful.
  • B. also a polyvinyl chloride with built-in monomers with strongly hydrophilic groups.
  • the desired properties can also be obtained by using starting materials which have sufficient hydrophilic groups, in particular ether or imine groups.
  • Test trials can easily determine whether a coating meets the requirements of the invention with regard to moisture absorption and moisture conduction.
  • the coatings according to the invention can store 200 to 400% of their weight in moisture and their water vapor permeability is at least 500 g / 24 hxm 2 according to DIN 53 122.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)

Abstract

1. Waterproof, moisture-conducting textile material made of a water vapour-permeable textile base which is coated with a hydrophilic polymer, characterized in that the hydrophilic polymer is a hydrophilic acrylic resin applied as a dispersion with sufficient hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups, in order to give a coating with a water vapour permeability of at least 500 g/24 h m**2 to DIN 53 122 which can hold 200-400 % of its weight in moisture.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein wasserdichtes feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial aus einem wasserdampfdurchlässigen textilen Träger, der mit einem hydrophilen Polymeren beschichtet ist.The invention relates to a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material made of a water vapor-permeable textile carrier, which is coated with a hydrophilic polymer.

Der wirksamste Weg, überschüssige Körperwärme abzugeben, ist beim Menschen die Verdunstung von Wasser, die normalerweise bereits in der Haut geschieht, die dabei trocken bleibt. Dieser Mechanismus funktioniert aber nur, wenn der produzierte Wasserdampf abtransportiert werden kann. Hieraus folgt, dass die Fähigkeit einer Kleidung, Wasserdampf hindurchzulassen, für das Wohlbefinden des Trägers massgebend ist. Normalerweise wird diese Eigenschaft der Kleidung durch eine mehr oder weniger hohe Luftdurchlässigkeit erreicht und so entstand der im Grunde irreführende Begriff der Atmungsaktivität, weil es keine Hautatmung gibt, sondern lediglich die Feuchtigkeit nach aussen abgegeben werden muss.The most effective way to release excess body heat in humans is through the evaporation of water, which usually already happens in the skin, which remains dry. However, this mechanism only works if the water vapor produced can be removed. It follows that the ability of clothing to allow water vapor to pass through is essential for the well-being of the wearer. Normally, this property of clothing is achieved through a more or less high air permeability and so the basically misleading term of breathability came about because there is no skin breathing, only the moisture has to be released to the outside.

Es gibt Fälle, und zwar besonders im Bereich der Schutzbekleidung, wie Wetterschutz, Arbeitsschutz und für militärische Zwecke, aber auch im Freizeitsektor, z. B. bei Anoraks, Zeiten, Schlafsäcken, in denen neben der Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit eine mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Dichtigkeit gegen Wasser oder Luft verlangt wird. Es wurde versucht in Beschichtungen, die normalerweise wasserdampfundurchlässig sind, hydrophile Quellkörper, z.B. auf Stärkebasis, einzuarbeiten. Der wesentliche Effekt war jedoch eine Minderung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtung. Es wurde auch versucht, Gewebe auf eine mikroporöse Folie, z.B. aus Polytetrafluorethylen, aufzukaschieren. Auch diese Produkte haben ihre Schwächen. Die Herstellung ist zudem kompliziert und extrem teuer.There are cases, especially in the field of protective clothing, such as weather protection, occupational safety and for military purposes, but also in the leisure sector, e.g. B. in anoraks, times, sleeping bags in which in addition to the water vapor permeability, a more or less pronounced tightness against water or air is required. Attempts have been made to make hydrophilic swelling bodies, e.g. based on starch. However, the main effect was a reduction in the mechanical properties of the coating. Attempts have also been made to place tissue on a microporous film, e.g. made of polytetrafluoroethylene. These products also have their weaknesses. The manufacture is also complicated and extremely expensive.

Aus der US-H-320 261 ist ein wasserdichtes feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial der eingangs genannten Art bekannt geworden, bei dem die Beschichtung mit einem hydrophilen Acrylharz erfolgt, das freie Carboxylgruppen enthält. Die Beschichtung erfolgt dabei auf chemischem Wege durch Zersetzung von tert.-Butylacrylat bei Temperaturen von 70 bis 170°C. Bei der Zersetzung des tert.-Butylacrylats wird Buten eliminiert, so dass man einen Schaumstoff erhält. Da bei der Zersetzung des tert.-Butylacrylats erhebliche Mengen an Buten frei werden, würde man bei der Verwendung eines reinen tert.-Butylacrylat-Polymeren eine einige Zentimeter dicke Schaumstoffschicht erhalten. Um zu einem brauchbaren Produkt zu kommen, muss man daher ein tert.-Butylacrylat mit einem erheblichen Anteil an Comonomeren einsetzen. Hierdurch ist die Adsorptionskapazität des bekannten Textilmaterials für Wasser entsprechend niedrig. Das bekannte Textilmaterial hat daher keinen Eingang in die Praxis gefunden.From US-H-320 261 a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material of the type mentioned is known, in which the coating is carried out with a hydrophilic acrylic resin which contains free carboxyl groups. The coating is done chemically by decomposing tert-butyl acrylate at temperatures from 70 to 170 ° C. Butene is eliminated in the decomposition of the tert-butyl acrylate, so that a foam is obtained. Since considerable amounts of butene are released during the decomposition of the tert-butyl acrylate, a foam layer of a few centimeters would be obtained using a pure tert-butyl acrylate polymer. In order to arrive at a usable product, a tert-butyl acrylate with a considerable proportion of comonomers has to be used. As a result, the adsorption capacity of the known textile material for water is correspondingly low. The known textile material has therefore not found its way into practice.

Aus der US-A-3 384 506 ist es weiter bekannt, Textilmaterialien mit hydrophilen Urethanen zu beschichten, um feuchtigkeitsbindende atmungsaktive Textilien herzustellen. Es werden dort Polyether, Polyurethanpräpolymere mit maskierten Endgruppen mit Hilfe von Verbindungen, die aktiven Wasserstoff enthalten, wie z. B. Ketoxime oder Imine unter thermischer Abspaltung der maskierenden Gruppen vernetzt. Das bekannte Textilmaterial ist in der Lage, eine gewisse Menge an Wasserdampf zu speichern. Es handelt sich jedoch nicht um eine wasserdichte und gegebenenfalls luftdichte Beschichtung, die dennoch den Wasserdampf leitet. Auch haben die dort beschriebenen Polyurethanmaterialien den Nachteil einer relativ schlechten Hydrolysebeständigkeit sowie relativ geringer Lichtechtheit.From US-A-3 384 506 it is further known to coat textile materials with hydrophilic urethanes in order to produce moisture-binding, breathable textiles. There are polyethers, polyurethane prepolymers with masked end groups with the aid of compounds containing active hydrogen, such as. B. crosslinked ketoximes or imines with thermal elimination of the masking groups. The known textile material is able to store a certain amount of water vapor. However, it is not a waterproof and possibly airtight coating that still conducts the water vapor. The polyurethane materials described there also have the disadvantage of relatively poor resistance to hydrolysis and relatively low lightfastness.

Die EP-A-52 915, die gegenüber der vorliegenden Erfindung für die Vertragsstaaten AT, BE, CH, DE, FR, IT, LI, NL, SE als Stand der Technik im Sinne von Art. 54 (3) anzusehen ist, beschreibt das Beschichten wasserdichter feuchtigkeitsleitender Textilmaterialien mit einem atmungsaktiven und somit wasserdampfdurchlässigen Polyurethanfilm. Das Polyurethan ein Blockpolymer aus härteren und weicheren Segmenten, wobei letztere OH-Gruppen tragen, die die Wasserdampfmigration ermöglichen. Neben den bereits oben erwähnten nachteiligen Eigenschaften von Polyurethanen weist dieses den weiteren Nachteil auf, dass sich das Polymere nur in Lösung verarbeiten lässt.EP-A-52 915, which is to be regarded as state of the art within the meaning of Art. 54 (3) in relation to the present invention for the contracting states AT, BE, CH, DE, FR, IT, LI, NL, SE the coating of waterproof moisture-conducting textile materials with a breathable and thus water vapor-permeable polyurethane film. The polyurethane is a block polymer made of harder and softer segments, the latter carrying OH groups, which enable water vapor migration. In addition to the above-mentioned disadvantageous properties of polyurethanes, this has the further disadvantage that the polymer can only be processed in solution.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein wasserdichtes feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial der vorgenannten Art zu schaffen, das zwar wasser- und gegebenenfalls auch luftdicht ist, jedoch in der Lage ist, eine beträchtliche Menge Feuchtigkeit zunächst zu speichern, aber auch zu transportieren und in Form von Wasserdampf auf beiden Seiten wieder abzugeben, wobei die genannten Nachteile der vorbekannten Textilmaterialien vermieden werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a waterproof moisture-conducting textile material of the aforementioned type which is water-tight and possibly also air-tight, but is able to store a considerable amount of moisture initially, but also to transport and in shape to release water vapor on both sides again, the disadvantages of the previously known textile materials being avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass das hydrophile Polymere, mit dem das textile Trägermaterial beschichtet ist, ein als Dispersion aufgetragenes hydrophiles Acrylharz mit genügend Hydroxyl-, Ether-, Amin- oder Carboxylgruppen ist, um eine Beschichtung mit einer Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mindestens 500 g/24 h m2 nach DIN 53 122 zu ergeben, die 200 bis 400% ihres Gewichtes an Feuchtigkeit speichern kann.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the hydrophilic polymer with which the textile backing material is coated is a hydrophilic acrylic resin applied as a dispersion with sufficient hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups to provide a coating with a water vapor permeability of at least 500 g / 24 hm 2 according to DIN 53 122, which can store 200 to 400% of its weight in moisture.

Eine solche Speicherwirkung der Bekleidung ist erwünscht, weil die Schweissproduktion nicht gleichmässig über die Zeit verteilt ist. Das erfindungsgemässe Textilmaterial kann eine kurzzeitige Überproduktion an Feuchtigkeit, die nicht schnell genug nach aussen abgeleitet werden kann, wie ein Puffer aufnehmen. Diese den Tragekomfort günstig beeinflussende Pufferwirkung der Beschichtung wird verbunden mit dem Feuchtigkeitstransport in einer Weise erzielt, dass das Textilmaterial den hohen mechanischen Anforderungen genügt. Ferner ist es möglich, mit den genannten Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemässen Textilmaterials eine spezifische Schutzwirkung, z.B. gegen aggressive Chemikalien, Bakterien oder Strahlen zu verbinden.Such a storage effect of clothing is desirable because sweat production is not evenly distributed over time. The textile material according to the invention can absorb a brief overproduction of moisture, which cannot be drained out quickly enough, like a buffer. This buffer effect of the coating, which has a favorable influence on the wearing comfort, is combined with the moisture transport in such a way that the textile material meets the high mechanical requirements. It is also possible to use the properties of the textile material according to the invention to provide a specific protective action, e.g. against aggressive chemicals, bacteria or radiation.

Die abdichtende Schicht ist vorzugsweise eine Schaumbeschichtung, die zusätzlich noch komprimiertsein kann. Eine solche Schaumbeschichtung und das anschliessende Komprimieren sind in der Textilausrüstung übliche Arbeitsweisen. Der textile Träger kann beidseitig beschichtet werden. Auf die Beschichtung mit dem hydrophilen Polymeren kann eine weitere Lage eines wasserdampfdurchlässigen textilen Flächengebildes aufgebracht werden. In die Beschichtung können Materialien mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung eingelagert sein. Diese Materialien mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung können auch auf die Beschichtung aufgebracht werden. Die erfindungsgemässe Beschichtung kann luftdicht sein.The sealing layer is preferably a foam coating which can additionally be compressed. Such a foam coating and the subsequent compression are common working methods in textile equipment. The textile backing can be coated on both sides. A further layer of a water vapor-permeable textile fabric can be applied to the coating with the hydrophilic polymer. Materials with a specific protective effect can be embedded in the coating. These materials with a specific protective effect can also be applied to the coating. The coating according to the invention can be airtight.

Das erfindungsgemässe hydrophile Acrylharz kann mit Polyvinylchlorid modifiziert sein. Ebenso kann ein mit Polyurethan modifiziertes hydrophiles Acrylharz verwendet werden. In diesem Fall kann das Polyurethan eine Dispersion oder ein anderes System mit einem Festkörpergehalt von 80 bis 100% sein.The hydrophilic acrylic resin according to the invention can be modified with polyvinyl chloride. A hydrophilic acrylic resin modified with polyurethane can also be used. In this case the polyurethane can be a dispersion or another system with a solids content of 80 to 100%.

Der textile Träger kann die Struktur eines Gewebes oder Gewirkes aber auch eines Vlieses bzw. eines sogenannten nonwoven Materials haben. Es kann sowohl aus Naturfasern, wie Baumwolle, Wolle oder Seide als auch aus synthetischen Fasern auf Basis von Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyacrylnitril, Polyurethanen, Polyolefinen, Polyvinylchlorid, Aramiden oder sogar mineralischen Fasern, wie Glasfasern oder Kohlenstoffasern hergestellt sein. Es ist nicht entscheidend, ob der textile Träger selbst hydrophob oder hydrophil ist, sondern es kommt vorwiegend darauf an, dass er wasserdampfdurchlässig ist. Dazu kann bei einem sehr dichten, nur noch wenig luftdurchlässigen textilen Flächengebilde, auch die eigene Hydrophilität der Fasern beitragen, während ein hydrophober textiler Träger genügend offen sein sollte, um auf diese Weise ausreichend wasserdampfdurchlässig zu sein.The textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called nonwoven material. It can be made from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk as well as from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethanes, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, aramids or even mineral fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers. It is not important whether the textile backing itself is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but what matters most is that it is permeable to water vapor. In the case of a very dense, only slightly air-permeable textile fabric, the own hydrophilicity of the fibers can also contribute, while a hydrophobic textile support should be sufficiently open to be sufficiently permeable to water vapor in this way.

Das erfindungsgemässe Textilmaterial bietet vielseitige Verwendungsmöglichkeiten, so kann es u.a. z.B. für Schutzbekleidung, insbesondere für Seenot-Rettungsanzüge für Piloten verwendet werden. Ebenso ist eine Verwendung für Schlafsäcke oder auch als Obermaterial für Schuhe möglich.The textile material according to the invention offers a wide range of uses, for example e.g. for protective clothing, in particular for emergency rescue suits for pilots. It can also be used for sleeping bags or as an upper material for shoes.

Die Eigenschaft des erfindungsgemässen Textilmaterials, Wasserdampf an Stellen mit hohem Partialdruck aufzunehmen, eine Wanderung der Wassermoleküle in der Schicht zu Stellen mit geringerem Partialdruck und die Abgabe an der Oberfläche in Form von Wasserdampf zu ermöglichen, kommt dadurch zustande, dass in der geschlossenen Schicht genügend hydrophile Gruppen, insbesondere Hydroxyl-, Ether-, Amin- oder Carboxylgruppen enthalen sind. Diese hydrophilen Gruppen können aufgrund einer Copolymerisation oder Cokondensation von Monomeren, die die Kettenbildung bzw. die Vernetzung bewirken, mit hydrophilen Monomeren hergestellt werden. Ebensogut kann man Polymerisate mit sehr hohem Wasseraufnahmevermögen zusammen mit Polymeren, die andere gewünschte Eigenschaften mitbringen, aber selbst nicht oder weniger hydrophil sind, verarbeiten.The property of the textile material according to the invention to absorb water vapor at locations with high partial pressure, to allow the water molecules in the layer to migrate to locations with lower partial pressure and to release it on the surface in the form of water vapor is due to the fact that the closed layer has enough hydrophilic properties Groups, especially hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups are included. These hydrophilic groups can be produced on the basis of a copolymerization or cocondensation of monomers which cause chain formation or crosslinking with hydrophilic monomers. It is equally possible to process polymers with a very high water absorption capacity together with polymers which have other desired properties but are themselves not or less hydrophilic.

Monomere mit hydrophilen Gruppen sind beispielsweise Hydroxyalkylacrylate oder die Acryl-und Methacrylsäureester von Polyalkylenoxiden oder Polyalkylenimiden. Solche Acryl- oder Methacrylsäurederivate können dann mit dem das Basispolymerisat bildenden Acryl- bzw. Methacrylsäureestern und vernetzungsfähigen Monomeren copolymerisiert werden. Dispersionen derartiger hydrophiler Harze sind beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 2 749 386 bekannt. Geeignet ist ferner das Handelsprodukt Plextol 4871 DO der Firma Röhm GmbH für abdichtende feuchtigkeitsleitende Beschichtung aber auch modifizierte Vinylalkoholharze oder Celluloseregenerate. Weiterhin geeignet sind Copolymerisate aus Vinylchlorid und Vinylacetat, bei welchem die Acetatgruppen zu OH-Gruppen hydrolysiert wurden, bzw. Polyurethane mit Überschuss an OH- bzw. NH- und NH2-Gruppen. Ebenso wie die hydrophilen Monomeren copolymerisiert werden können, ist es auch möglich, daraus hergestellte Dispersionen mit Dispersionen zu verschneiden, deren Eigenschaften aus anderen Gründen erwünscht sind. Beispielsweise haben Polyurethane sehr gute mechanische Eigenschaften und Polyvinylchlorid verbessert den Flammschutz. Brauchbar ist z. B. auch ein Polyvinylchlorid mit eingebauten Monomeren mit stark hydrophilen Gruppen. Bei den Polyurethanen kann man die gewünschten Eigenschaften auch durch die Verwendung von Ausgangsstoffen erhalten, die genügend hydrophile Gruppen, insbesondere Ether- oder lmingruppen, haben.Monomers with hydrophilic groups are, for example, hydroxyalkyl acrylates or the acrylic and methacrylic acid esters of polyalkylene oxides or polyalkyleneimides. Such acrylic or methacrylic acid derivatives can then be copolymerized with the acrylic or methacrylic acid esters forming the base polymer and crosslinkable monomers. Dispersions of such hydrophilic resins are known for example from DE-OS 2 749 386. The commercial product Plextol 4871 DO from Röhm GmbH is also suitable for sealing moisture-conducting coatings, but also modified vinyl alcohol resins or cellulose regenerates. Also suitable are copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate in which the acetate groups have been hydrolyzed to OH groups, or polyurethanes with an excess of OH or NH and NH 2 groups. Just as the hydrophilic monomers can be copolymerized, it is also possible to blend dispersions made therefrom with dispersions whose properties are desired for other reasons. For example, polyurethanes have very good mechanical properties and polyvinyl chloride improves flame retardancy. Z is useful. B. also a polyvinyl chloride with built-in monomers with strongly hydrophilic groups. In the case of polyurethanes, the desired properties can also be obtained by using starting materials which have sufficient hydrophilic groups, in particular ether or imine groups.

Ob eine Beschichtung den Anforderungen der Erfindung hinsichtlich der Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme und der Feuchtigkeitsleitung genügt, kann durch Testversuche leicht festgestellt werden. Die erfindungsgemässen Beschichtungen können 200 bis 400% ihres Gewichtes an Feuchtigkeit speichern und ihre Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit beträgt mindestens 500 g/24 h x m2 nach DIN 53 122.Test trials can easily determine whether a coating meets the requirements of the invention with regard to moisture absorption and moisture conduction. The coatings according to the invention can store 200 to 400% of their weight in moisture and their water vapor permeability is at least 500 g / 24 hxm 2 according to DIN 53 122.

Claims (14)

1. Waterproof, moisture-conducting textile material made of a water vapour-permeable textile base which is coated with a hydrophilic polymer, characterised in that the hydrophilic polymer is a hydrophilic acrylic resin applied as a dispersion with sufficient hydroxyl, ether, amine or carboxyl groups, in order to give a coating with a water vapour permeability of at least 500 g/24 h m2 to DIN 53 122 which can hold 200-400% of its weight in moisture.
2. Textile material according to Claim 1, characterised in that the waterproofing layer (2) is a foam coating.
3. Textile material according to Claim 2, characterised in that the foam coating is compressed.
4. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the textile base (1) is coated on both sides.
5. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that an additional layer of a flat water vapour-permeable textile sheet (1, 8) is applied to the coating (2) with the hydrophilic polymer.
6. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that materials (3, 4) with a specific protective action are embedded in the coating (2).
7. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that materials (3, 4) with a specific protective action are applied to the coating (2).
8. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the coating is airtight.
9. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the hydrophilic polymer is a hydrophilic acrylic resin modified with polyvinylchloride.
10. Textile material according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the hydrophilic polymer is a hydrophilic acrylic resin modified with polyurethane.
11. Textile material according to Claim 10, characterised in that the polyurethane is a dispersion or another system with a solid content of 80 to 100%.
12. Use of the textile material according to one of Claims 1 to 11 for protective clothing, particularly as marine survival suits for pilots.
13. Use of the textile material according to one of Claims 1 to 11 for sleeping bags.
14. Use of the textile material according to one of Claims 1 to 11 as upper material for shoes.
EP82107310A 1981-08-17 1982-08-12 Water-impermeable humidity conductive textile material Expired EP0073948B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82107310T ATE34787T1 (en) 1981-08-17 1982-08-12 WATERPROOF MOISTURE WICKING TEXTILE MATERIAL.

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DE8123941 1981-08-17
DE8123941U 1981-08-17

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EP0073948A2 EP0073948A2 (en) 1983-03-16
EP0073948A3 EP0073948A3 (en) 1984-12-05
EP0073948B1 true EP0073948B1 (en) 1988-06-01

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DE3200942A1 (en) * 1982-01-14 1983-07-21 Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher WATER- AND AIR-TIGHT, HUMIDITY-CONDUCTING TEXTILE MATERIAL
GB8911409D0 (en) * 1989-05-18 1989-07-05 Woodcock Ashley Infection barrier
NL1003545C2 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-12 B V Prof Cloth structure.
GB2350073A (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-22 Gore & Ass Coated material
WO2003097345A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 H. H. Brown Shoe Technologies, Inc. Moisture transpiration composite and products therefrom
CN109648932B (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-06-09 安徽工程大学 Efficient quick-drying fabric
CN112956761B (en) * 2021-02-23 2022-09-16 海南科颜纳生物科技有限公司 Multi-functional net protective clothing of ventilative waterproof type
CN115122731B (en) * 2022-07-06 2023-06-16 江苏梦吉妮科技集团有限公司 Skin-friendly waterproof moisture-permeable nanofiber fabric and preparation method thereof

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0052915A1 (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-02 Shirley Institute Breathable, non-porous polyurethane film

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FR1281077A (en) * 1960-02-20 1962-01-08 Goppinger Kaliko Und Kunstlede Moisture-absorbing artificial leather and its preparation process
US3384506A (en) * 1964-05-18 1968-05-21 Thiokol Chemical Corp Hydrophilic urethane compositions and process for preparation of moisture containing breathable fabrics
JPS54961B1 (en) * 1969-04-24 1979-01-18
DE1965587A1 (en) * 1969-12-30 1971-07-15 Basf Ag Process for the production of reversibly water vapor-absorbing flat structures

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0052915A1 (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-02 Shirley Institute Breathable, non-porous polyurethane film

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EP0073948A2 (en) 1983-03-16
ATE34787T1 (en) 1988-06-15
DE3278572D1 (en) 1988-07-07
EP0073948A3 (en) 1984-12-05

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