EP0074692A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen plastischen Verformung von Metallen und zur Vorbehandlung dieser Metalle vor der Verformung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen plastischen Verformung von Metallen und zur Vorbehandlung dieser Metalle vor der Verformung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074692A2
EP0074692A2 EP82201121A EP82201121A EP0074692A2 EP 0074692 A2 EP0074692 A2 EP 0074692A2 EP 82201121 A EP82201121 A EP 82201121A EP 82201121 A EP82201121 A EP 82201121A EP 0074692 A2 EP0074692 A2 EP 0074692A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
spraying
deforming
deformation
deforming device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82201121A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0074692B1 (de
EP0074692A3 (en
Inventor
Henricus Peter Marie Backus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Backus Henricus Peter Marie
Original Assignee
AMF Aluteam Metal Forming GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=19838040&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0074692(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by AMF Aluteam Metal Forming GmbH filed Critical AMF Aluteam Metal Forming GmbH
Priority to AT82201121T priority Critical patent/ATE27927T1/de
Publication of EP0074692A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074692A2/de
Publication of EP0074692A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074692A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074692B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074692B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C43/00—Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and a device for pretreating ductile non-ferrous metal for a continuous plastic deformation treatment in which the surface parts of the metal to be deformed do not substantially form surface parts of the material after said deformation.
  • plastically deforming metals many different methods for plastically deforming metals are known, such as swaging, drawing, extruding and deep drawing. If therein the surface parts of the blank or other metal parts before deformation remain parts of the surface, as is usually the case in metal wire or rod drawing operations, contaminations such as oxides on the surface will also be present on the surface of the metal after deformation, often even in a much lower concentration or layer thickness because the surface area is increased considerably during the deformation. In drawing dies and other active surfaces of plastic deformation tools it is usual to add lubricants to decrease friction and such agents also remain on the surface of the metal and do not cause harm, are divided over a much larger area during the deformation and, if desired, are easily removable thereafter.
  • Conform@-process for continuously extruding e. g . metal feedstock from a continuous casting process (vide e.g. Society of Manufacturing Engineers Technical Paper MF76-407, Dearborn Michigan: Eric Hunter: Continuous Extrusion by the Conform Process).
  • Contaminations such as grease and oil and cxide layers will in such a method for the greater part turn up in the interior of the final product, where they may give considerable disadvantages. Parts subjected to high stresses, e.g. tubes under internal fluid pressure, may rupture thereby. It is sometimes of importance that such contaminations decrease the electric conductivity. Such contaminations will in part be present on the outer surface of the final product in an irregular, non uniform and locally limited way and this also gives many disadvantages, e.g. that they cannot be anodised uniformly and that there is unevenness and roughness of the surface impairing the appearance of the product and being disadvantageous for further treatment and operations.
  • Grisal 4506 ® of Hoechst or a comparable agent manufactured by Henkel both having a PH of about 13.5.
  • This is an agent on the basis of a strong alkali, mainly based on sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and containing phospates, carbonates, carbon acids and salts, and being free from silicates, wetting agents, nitrates and nitrites.
  • the metal surface Upon use of such an agent for some types of aluminium alloys, such as those containing magnesium, silicon and/or manganese, there will remain a coating layer containing one or more of these metals on the metal body to be treated and if this is so, it is preferred to spray the metal surface with an acid such as nitric acid immediately after spraying with the alkaline agent. After this spraying the metal should be rinsed e.g., by spraying with water to remove any remnants of the cleaning agent immediately after spraying with the alkaline and/or acid agent. Drying, e.g.
  • pickling means and pickling methods for treating surfaces of metal bodies are known in many different embodiments.
  • the coiling after pickling has the disadvantage that it complicates the total device and method considerably and takes more time, but particularly in a deforming method of the type to which this invention relates it is of the utmost importance that the metal does not get time to form a new oxide layer even if this would be very thin. This is avoided according to the invention, but if desired it is possible to guide the metal through a space with an inert atmosphere, as is known as such, between the last spraying step and the deforming device, which gives an additional safety against this phenomenon.
  • the invention may be applied both for a coherent metal strand, strip, wire or rod, e.g. as leaving a continuous-casting device,and for separate metal parts, e.g. for diminuted waste metal such as old aluminium window and door frames cut into smaller parts and having e.g. anodised or similarly coated or treated surfaces.
  • Such smaller parts may be fed through a spraying device and to a deforming device both according to the invention by and while being carried by a conveyor belt of gauze type, the supplying to the deforming device taking place by dumping, pushing or pressing.
  • the starting material is a continuous or very long profile of small cross-section and easily bendable, e.g.
  • a wire this may be in coil form when fed to the spraying device, being fed continuously from the coil by unwinding it, through the spraying device and to the deforming device.
  • the unwinding and feeding through the spraying device and to the deforming device may take place by the pulling action of the deforming device or its direct supply means. It has appeared that a spraying time of 8 seconds in most cases gives a very good result.
  • the device for performing the method according to the invention is mainly characterized in that it deludes conveying means for moving the metal to a device for said plastic deformation in a continuous path and spraying means for spraying the metal with a deoxydation and cleaning agent during this movement.
  • Fig. 1, 1 indicates diagrammatically a supply for the metal to be treated.
  • This supply may be the discharge of a continuous-casting device, e.g. casting vertically downwards in well-known manner to cast a strip, long rod or wire of simple cross-sectional shape, e.g. of an aluminium alloy.
  • a reel containing a long wound wire or strip at this point.
  • the metal body therefrom is first fed to a first spraying section 2. If necessary the vertically cast metal body is bent into a horizontal direction and at the entry of spraying section 2 there may be vertical guide rollers and horizontal straightening rollers, e.g.
  • this spraying section is embodied as a trough 3 with a cover 4, normally closing the trough 3 entirely.
  • the trough 3 has a number of ducts 5 for a spraying liquid, extending in vertical planes at mutually equal distances. Said liquid is supplied by a supply duct 6 extending along the trough and having, for each duct 5, a branch duct 7.
  • each vertical dot and dash line in the trough represents a duct 5 and only three of the ducts 7 have been shown here.
  • the ducts 5 are shown as extending along the outside of the trough 3, but they may extend along the inside wall thereof.
  • Each duet 5 has a number of spray nozzles 8 within the trough and divided evenly along the length thereof, adapted to direct a forceful jet of spraying liquid onto the metal passing through the trough;, which metal is guided through the center of the trough. If the metal body would tend to sag too much, it is easy, as is usual in comparable situations, to apply support brackets or support rollers at adequate mutual distances in the trough.
  • end walls At the entry and exit of the trough there may be rigid end walls with a small opening allowing passage of the metal and, if it is desired to close the trough entirely around the metal, such end walls may have or may be constituted by one or more curtains or sheets of synthetic rubber or a suitable elastic plastic material to close the end faces of the trough around the metal body. If desired, other end walls may be mounted if a metal body of a different cross-section has to be sprayed.
  • the supply header duct 6 for the spraying liquid is fed by a pump 9 from a reservoir 10.
  • the liquid sprayed on the metal in the trough is discharged therefrom through two or more openings 11 in the bottom, connected by a discharge pipe 13, from which the liquid thus collected with contaminations, is recycled to reservoir 10 through pipe 14.
  • rollers 12 At the downstream end of trough 3, there are guide rollers 12, shown in Fig. 1 as having a vertical axis and also shown in Fig. 4. They not only guide the metal body, but also pinch it as it fits in grooves in the periphery of the rollers as shown for a circular rod in Fig. 4. If the metal body has a different shape of cross-section, the grooves in the roller periphery may be different to be adapted thereto.
  • the rollers 12 may also have a horizontal axis and there may be two sets of rollers 12, one with horizontal and one with vertical axes. If the metal body is in the shape of a flat strip, there may be rollers with horizontal axis and of simple cylindrical shape.
  • rollers 12 may have an outer periphery of an elastic material such as a synthetic rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene and contact the metal body under some pressure to remove as much of the liquid adhering to the metal surface as possible by pinching of the metal between opposite rollers.
  • an elastic material such as a synthetic rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene
  • a second spraying section 15 being shorter than section 2 and serving to spray the metal body with another liquid, e.g., for many aluminium alloys, with an acid such as nitric acid.
  • Supply and recycling of the liquid take place by the same means as described for spraying section 2, there being a reservoir 16 for this liquid, and a pump, filter, ducts etc. to and from this reservoir etc., such parts not being shown.
  • This spraying section 15 will have the same shape of the trough, spraying and guide means, rollers 12 and covers in the end walls as described for section 2.
  • a spraying section 17 being fed with rinsing water from a reservoir 18 and being embodied in the same way as a trough like spraying sections 2 and 15, with supply duct, pump and return duct as described for section 2, but this section 17 may have a supply from the water means without a separate pump and return duct to reservoir 18, but discharging the water to a suitable cleaning device and from there to e.g. the municipal sewer system.
  • drying section 19 having drying means for the metal, preferably by dry heated air, said air flowing at high speed and turbulently along the metal to dry it rapidly.
  • the air may be guided to and fro by baffles to pass the metal several times between an inlet and an outlet.
  • Electric heating means may be provided in this'section, together with fan means to circulate the air in the casing thereof to and along such heating means and then over the metal, in which case the air may thus circulate within this device so that only a small part thereof is withdrawn through an outlet to discharge the water vapour and is replaced by dryer air through an inlet.
  • an inert gas may be used instead of 3 ir..
  • the metal body 21 to be treated enters the deforming device 20, shown separately and somewhat diagrammatically in Fig. 2 and representing a Conform device as described by Hunter, mentioned above, in which the surface of the metal (here a rod, strip or bar 21) entering the device does substantially not form part of the surface of the extruded product.
  • the strip, rod or bar 21 is fed into a groove 22 in a rotating roll 23, in which groove it fits.
  • the roll 23 is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown therein.
  • a shoe 24 is pivoted at 25, is pushed by a resilient force towards roll 23 (by a force represented by arrow 26) and at 27 has a stepped part to prevent further movement of the oncoming metal body 21.
  • the device may have any desired position, e.g. the axis of roll 23 may be vertical.
  • a conveyor belt shown as 30 in dashed lines in Fig. 3, passing from the metal supply station 1 through all the spraying troughs 3, 15, 17 and the drying means 19 to the extrusion device 20.
  • the belt 30 may be a metal belt of gauze material, if desired coated with a layer of plastic material resistant against the spraying agents.
  • the belt 30 will have to discharge the metal parts directly to the deforming device 20 and this may be accomplished by providing a small hopper in the entry zone, e.g. exactly on or near the spot where reference numeral 20 is positioned, and belt 30 will then terminate right above this small hopper. This hopper will bring the metal parts immediately in the groove 22 of roll 23 to be passed on, compressed and heated by friction and extruded.
  • the metal to be treated is sprayed by strong jets from nozzles 8 in spraying section 2 with a strong alkali liquid as described before. Contaminations are thus liberated from the metal and rollers 12 and possibly the curtain in the end face of trough 3 remove much of the spraying liquid adhering to the metal. If the metal is of a type which makes it necessary to spray with an acid thereafter, the metal is sprayed with a solution of 30% nitric acid in water in spraying section 15. If no such treatment is necessary, section 15 may be omitted or removed or be used also to spray the metal with the alkaline agent or with an alkaline agent of a somewhat different composition. In section 17 the metal is rinsed by water, which may have been pretreated to remove hardness or control acidity. In section 19 the metal is dried and immediately thereafter it enters the deforming device 20.
  • Alkaline agents such as Grisal ® indicated above are commercially available as powders.
  • a suitable spraying liquid is made therefrom by solving thereof in water to form a solution of about 3% (by weight) of the powder.
  • This liquid is preferably heated to a temperature not higher than 70°C and preferably about 55 0 C, giving a strong cleaning action without too much vapour.
  • heating means and temperature control means not shown in the system of reservoir 10 and its ducting connecting it to trough 3.
  • the nitric acid spraying liquid in spraying section 15 is preferably applied at room temperature.
  • the rinsing water sprayed in section 17 is also preferably at a somewhat elevated temperature such as 55°C or somewhat higher, to remove the remnants of spraying liquid from the previous spraying section more efficiently and completely in the very short time available and to have the metal body enter the drying section 19 with an elevated temperature promoting rapid drying.
  • the invention is intended to be applied to ductile non-ferrous metals and in particular to aluminium and copper and many of their alloys.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP82201121A 1981-09-10 1982-09-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen plastischen Verformung von Metallen und zur Vorbehandlung dieser Metalle vor der Verformung Expired EP0074692B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82201121T ATE27927T1 (de) 1981-09-10 1982-09-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen plastischen verformung von metallen und zur vorbehandlung dieser metalle vor der verformung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8104191 1981-09-10
NL8104191A NL8104191A (nl) 1981-09-10 1981-09-10 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het voorbehandelen van metalen delen voor plastische vervorming.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074692A2 true EP0074692A2 (de) 1983-03-23
EP0074692A3 EP0074692A3 (en) 1983-09-28
EP0074692B1 EP0074692B1 (de) 1987-06-24

Family

ID=19838040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82201121A Expired EP0074692B1 (de) 1981-09-10 1982-09-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen plastischen Verformung von Metallen und zur Vorbehandlung dieser Metalle vor der Verformung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0074692B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5877582A (de)
AT (1) ATE27927T1 (de)
AU (1) AU8830782A (de)
DD (1) DD208377A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3276623D1 (de)
DK (1) DK404382A (de)
ES (1) ES515581A0 (de)
HU (1) HU189175B (de)
NL (1) NL8104191A (de)
NO (1) NO823028L (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995017270A1 (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-29 Holton Machinery Limited Continuous extrusion
CN114798806A (zh) * 2022-05-25 2022-07-29 宁波日高金属精线材料有限公司 一种金属线材氧化皮拉拔酸洗工艺

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3093897A (en) * 1963-06-18 Metallurgy
GB878887A (en) * 1959-03-20 1961-10-04 Herbert Kenmore Method for mechanical and chemical removal of copper from rods and similar products and for drawing same
US3218658A (en) * 1964-02-19 1965-11-23 William L Bonnell Company Inc Apparatus for cleaning billets
US3525243A (en) * 1967-06-15 1970-08-25 Gulton Ind Inc Wire cleaning apparatus
DE2201002A1 (de) * 1972-01-11 1973-10-31 Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh Beizanlage fuer stabfoermiges material
GB1415474A (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-11-26 Lasalle Steel Co Process for surface finishing of metals
US4185484A (en) * 1977-06-29 1980-01-29 Abramsen Finn B Process and apparatus for forming cold finished bar
JPS5512619A (en) * 1978-07-11 1980-01-29 Sumitomo Electric Industries Method of extending conductor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995017270A1 (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-29 Holton Machinery Limited Continuous extrusion
CN114798806A (zh) * 2022-05-25 2022-07-29 宁波日高金属精线材料有限公司 一种金属线材氧化皮拉拔酸洗工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5877582A (ja) 1983-05-10
ES8306189A1 (es) 1983-06-01
AU8830782A (en) 1983-03-17
ATE27927T1 (de) 1987-07-15
HU189175B (en) 1986-06-30
EP0074692B1 (de) 1987-06-24
DE3276623D1 (en) 1987-07-30
ES515581A0 (es) 1983-06-01
EP0074692A3 (en) 1983-09-28
DD208377A5 (de) 1984-05-02
NO823028L (no) 1983-03-11
NL8104191A (nl) 1983-04-05
DK404382A (da) 1983-03-11

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