EP0077231A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rauchbildenden Gerätes das die Spur einer eingegebenen Farbe erzeugt, wie etwa rot, vorgesehen hauptsächlich zur Ausrüstung von sich drehenden Alarm- oder Signalgeschossen und so hergestelltes rauchbildendes Gerät - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rauchbildenden Gerätes das die Spur einer eingegebenen Farbe erzeugt, wie etwa rot, vorgesehen hauptsächlich zur Ausrüstung von sich drehenden Alarm- oder Signalgeschossen und so hergestelltes rauchbildendes Gerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077231A2
EP0077231A2 EP82401713A EP82401713A EP0077231A2 EP 0077231 A2 EP0077231 A2 EP 0077231A2 EP 82401713 A EP82401713 A EP 82401713A EP 82401713 A EP82401713 A EP 82401713A EP 0077231 A2 EP0077231 A2 EP 0077231A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
smoke
nozzle
envelope
punch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82401713A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0077231A3 (en
EP0077231B1 (de
Inventor
André Castera
Jacques Nicolas
Jean Buvat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manurhin Defense SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN filed Critical Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN
Priority to AT82401713T priority Critical patent/ATE20877T1/de
Publication of EP0077231A2 publication Critical patent/EP0077231A2/de
Publication of EP0077231A3 publication Critical patent/EP0077231A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0077231B1 publication Critical patent/EP0077231B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
    • F42B33/025—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by compacting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a smoke device generating a trace of a determined color, red or other, intended in particular to equip a gyratory alarm or signaling projectile, as well as the smoke device obtained.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to pyrotechnic smoke devices, it being understood that there are other methods of producing colored clouds, such as for example spraying or dispersing a colored liquid.
  • pyrotechnic smoke devices used on gyration stabilized projectiles, or gyratory projectiles emit only gray or very diluted black smoke, insofar as the pyrotechnic techniques used to produce this smoke are are based on the combustion of a carbon chain compound.
  • French patent n ° 76 18033 describes a black smoke device for gyratory projectile, the pyrotechnic composition of which is obtained by mixing a smoke composition containing anthracene and a dark ignition composition , necessary for ignition; this composition is compressed in a cup closed by a washer whose diameter regulates the flow of smoke, the lighting composition being advantageously distributed in alternating layers with the smoke composition in order to maintain combustion.
  • This device emits black smoke, and only black smoke, resulting from the combustion of the anthracene of the smoke composition.
  • the smoke thus emitted is not very visible under a cloudy and gray sky, a disadvantage that is found each time the emitted smoke is gray or very diluted black, that is to say each time that one uses a pyrotechnic technique based on the combustion of a carbon chain compound.
  • Such devices also have the disadvantage of difficulty in lighting and maintaining the combustion of the smoke composition, which requires the presence of an ignition composition, preferably distributed in several layers and, therefore, considerably complicating the manufacture of such devices; in addition, the time taken to smoke such devices is more or less important.
  • French patent n ° 77 08623 describes a flowable composition of a sublimable organic dye, a judiciously proportioned oxidizing system (chlorate, perchlorate, guanidine nitrate), a cold-polymerizable synthetic resin, the ignition is ensured by a composition such as silicon-copper oxide.
  • Such a device has the drawback of using a pourable loaf, and consequently proves to be complicated to manufacture.
  • the aim of the present invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a smoke device generating a trace of determined color, red or other, more particularly intended for dynamic applications, it being understood that it can also have static applications.
  • the invention aims to remedy the other drawbacks of currently known smoke devices, that is to say the need for an ignition composition and the importance of the ignition delay characteristic of smoke devices putting implementing the combustion of a carbon chain compound, the use of a pourable bread in the case of the static application device allowing the sublimation of an organic dye, mentioned above.
  • the invention provides a smoke device, with immediate effect, which makes it possible to obtain colored smoke, from a single pyrotechnic composition, compressed in a cell.
  • this device provides a truly colored emission, red or other, the gyratory projectile thus equipped emitting for a few seconds a colored trace whose persistence is ensured for several tens of seconds.
  • the open cellular texture of the support composition, the intergranular spaces of which are filled with the sublimable organic dye in the filler obtained by compression of the smoke composition in the form of powder, and the formation of slag promoted by an appropriate choice of constituent elements of the composition make it possible to supply the appropriate quantity of oxygen necessary for the heating of the composition by combustion without generating a high combustion temperature which would decompose the sublimable dye which it contains, instead of allowing it to sublime very quickly.
  • the present invention proposes, in a method of manufacturing a colored smoke device in particular intended to equip a gyratory alarm or signaling projectile and comprising, inside a rigid, waterproof envelope, having an orifice forming a nozzle of predetermined mean direction, a charge of a smoke composition resulting from the mixture of a sublimable organic dye and of an oxidizing support pyrotechnic composition whose combustion is capable of causing the dye to sublimate, to carry out the smoke composition by mixing, in a powdery state, the sublimable organic dye and a support pyrotechnic composition, to distribute the dye between the particles thereof, and to carry out the charge by placing the composition thus obtained in the envelope and compressing it inside thereof so that it is less compressed near the nozzle.
  • the invention proposes to arrange in the load a central channel extending the nozzle in said direction.
  • the slightest compression of the charge near the nozzle makes it possible to facilitate the initiation of the charge and to reduce the time required to start the smoke regime despite lack of ignition composition; the arrangement of a central channel in the load also makes it possible, at the same time, to increase the flow of smoke as a function of the emitting surface, and, thanks to a particular method of obtaining this channel making it possible to obtain a determined compression gradient of the load at this level, to regulate the formation of the plasma and the thermal equilibrium during the operation of the device.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show, in sectional views through the same plane including the axis of the envelope or body of the smoke device manufactured, five successive stages of the manufacture of a smoke device according to the invention.
  • the envelope made of a rigid, waterproof material, metallic or not, is designated by 1, preferably offering good thermal conductivity.
  • This envelope 1 has a cylindrical outer peripheral face 3 of revolution about an axis 2 and carrying a thread 4 allowing the adaptation of the envelope 1 to the rear of a projectile, in a position in which the axis 2 coincides with the axis of rotation of the latter on itself.
  • the outer peripheral face 3 of the casing 1 is connected to the outer periphery, circular of axis 2, d 'an annular face 6, planar, oriented transversely with respect to the axis 2, which has an inner periphery also circular with axis 2 by which it is connected to a face 7, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 2, in drop in.
  • this face 7 is connected to the outer periphery, circular with axis 2, with another annular face 8, planar and oriented transversely with respect to axis 2 , which is connected by its inner periphery, circular with axis 2, to a cylindrical face 9 of revolution around the axis 2 and situated in front of face 8 if reference is made to direction 5.
  • This face 9 has a front edge, circular with axis 2, by which it is connected to the inner periphery of an annular face OJ, facing forward, of which the outer periphery, circular with axis 2, with a diameter lower than that of the outer peripheral face 3, is connected to a cylindrical face 11 of revolution around the axis 2, located in front of the face 10 inside the face 3; towards the front, the face 11 has a circular edge of axis 2, in which it is connected to an annular face 12, plane, transverse with respect to the axis 2, having a circular external periphery of axis 2, d 'an intermediate diameter between the respective diameters of the faces 11 and 3; by this outer periphery, the face 12 is connected forwards to a cylindrical face 13 of revolution around the axis 2, which has a circular front edge of axis 2, in the same transverse plane relative to the axis 2 that a circular edge, also of axis 2, delimiting forwards the face 3, these respective front edges of the faces 3 and 13 being connected by an
  • the volume delimited inside the body 1 by the faces 10 and 11, and by the plane of the face 12, being intended to receive the load 15 as will be described later, the thickness of the walls delimited by these different faces , and in particular the thickness e separating the faces 8 and 10, is defined to withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses undergone during the operation of the device;
  • the face 9 defines the outer periphery of a nozzle 17 whose opening diameter d is defined as a function of the desired terminal effects, that is to say in order to allow good ignition of the composition by the hot gases released by the combustion of the propellant powder, then ensuring an acceptable smoke flow rate, while avoiding the unloading of the charge taking into account the movement of the projectile in direction 5, and the rotation about the axis 2.
  • the loading of the casing or body 1 implements a counter-punch 16 which is engaged in the nozzle 17 defined by the face 9, to close this nozzle and carry out the loading.
  • the front if one refers to the direction 5, that is to say by the opening 18 defined by the inner periphery of the annular face 14, then turned upwards.
  • the counter-punch 16 has, in the preferred embodiment of the illustrated invention, a shape which is not only suitable for internally matching the face 9 of the body 1, but also suitable for penetrating the interior thereof. arrange a channel 19 inside the load as will be described later.
  • the counter-punch 16 has from bottom to top an outer peripheral face 20 of cylindrical revolution around a vertical axis coincident with the axis 2 when filling the envelope 1, with a diameter substantially identical to that of the face 7, and a face 22 also cylindrical of revolution about this axis and having a diameter substantially identical to that of the face 9 so as to match the latter; the faces 20 and 22 are connected by an annular face 21, planar and oriented transversely relative to the axis of the punch, to be applied against the face 8 when the faces 20 and 22 are engaged respectively in the faces 7 and 9.
  • the face 22 is delimited by a circular edge whose axis is the axis of the punch 16, this edge being located at the distance e from the face 21 so that the upper edge of the face 22 is flush with the face 10 when face 21 is in abutment against face 8.
  • the face 22 is connected to the outer periphery of a frustoconical face 23, of revolution around the axis of the punch 16, the top of the cone being directed upwards;
  • the frustoconical face 23 has a circular inner periphery whose axis is the axis of the punch 16, and by which it is connected to a second frustoconical face 24, also of revolution around the axis of the punch 16 with an apex of the cone turned upwards, the angle at the apex a of the cone defining the face 24 being substantially smaller than the angle at the apex ⁇ of the cone defining the face 23;
  • the face 24 has a circular edge whose axis is that of the punch 16, and it will be noted that the height H of the face 24 thus delimited, measured parallel to the axis of the punch 16, is appreciably higher at the height h of the face 23 measured in the same way, the height H being close to half the distance D separating the faces 10 and 12 of the body
  • a first operation for producing a device consists in placing the body 1, the side 14 of which faces upwards and the side 6 downwards, on the counter-punch 16 so that the faces 21 and 22 thereof correspond respectively to the faces 8 and 9 of the body 1 and that the stud defined by the faces 23, 24, 25 of the punch 16 penetrate inside the body 1 by defining inside of it ci a projection of revolution around the axis 2, of decreasing section upwards.
  • the body 1 being thus closed downwards by the punch 20 as shown in FIG. 2, it is then possible to fill it with smoke composition, through the opening 18 which is placed for this purpose under a loading hopper 26 ; this filling has been shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2 by downward arrows 27, parallel to the axis 2.
  • the next step of the process consists, after filling of the body 1, in compressing the load 15 with the core of a punch 28 which is introduced from top to bottom, parallel to the axis 2 as shows the arrow 29, inside the opening 18 while the body 1 is still in position on the punch 16.
  • This technique makes it possible to obtain a decreasing compression in the zones of the load 15 closest to the nozzle 17, and in particular less at the level of the faces 23 and even 24 of the punch 16 protruding inside the body 1, which will facilitate the subsequent ignition of the load.
  • the compression thus communicated to the load 15 is such that this load remains coherent when, subsequently, the punch 20 is released.
  • the compression punch 28 has a flat face 30 downwards, transverse with respect to the axis 2, of shape and dimensions in planes close to the transverse shapes and dimensions of the face 11, and which, when the punch 28 arrives in its position closest to the counter-punch 16, is coplanar with the face 12 of the body 1; thus, when, during the next phase of the process, the punch 28 is raised, the load 15 has an upper planar face 31, oriented transversely with respect to the axis 2, and coplanar with the face 12.
  • this face 31 and the face 12 receive respectively the central part and the peripheral part of a metal or flame-retardant disc 32, essentially delimited by two plane faces oriented transversely to axis 2; this disc 32 is then immobilized on the body 1 by crimping, that is to say by folding down on its periphery the part of the body 1 initially situated between the faces 13 and 3 thereof, to close the opening 18 tightly or not.
  • the body 1, the opening 18 of which is thus closed by the disc 32, is released from the punch 16, which leaves a channel 19 having a shape complementary to that of the projection which it formed inside the body 1, that is to say the shape of a blind hole widening progressively from a central zone of the load 15 to the nozzle 17 defined by the face 9 of the body, in frustoconical form of revolution around axis 2, first with a small apex angle, over most of the length of channel 19 if we refer to axis 2, then , in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle 17, with a greater angle at the top.
  • the latter can then be screwed, by its external thread 4, into position on the carrier projectile.
  • the smoke composition used to constitute the filler 15 results from a dry mixing, that is to say in the powdery state, from 35 to 50% by mass of an organic dye sublimable with the complement to 100%, or 65 to 50% by mass, of a support pyrotechnic composition; the chemical reaction of the elements of this composition produces the energy necessary for the sublimation of the dye, thereby causing the formation of smoke or trace of the desired color.
  • this basic composition is prepared by mixing the oxidants, then coating with the organic binder previously dissolved in an appropriate solvent, then granulation and drying.
  • composition obtained with a particle size of less than 600 microns, is then dry mixed with the sublimable organic dye, in atomized form, so that the latter, given its large expansion, is best distributed in the support composition ( of apparent density in the not packed state of the gold- dre of 1).
  • the filler 15 then has an average apparent density of the order of 1.5 to 2.1, which clearly shows that the sublimable dye is housed in an open cellular texture constituted by the particles of the support composition, including the particle size is very clearly superior to that of the sublimable dye.
  • composition according to the invention lies in the use of the dye as a thermal inhibitor; in fact, the dye does not react chemically with the other elements but, to sublimate it, it absorbs a fraction of the enthalpy of reaction, thereby preventing an overshoot of the critical temperature beyond which it decomposes.
  • compositions indicated above only constitute a non-limiting example of implementation of the invention, and it would not be departing from the scope of the latter by adopting other compositions.
  • Example 1 Composition for red smoke
  • the colorant used is Organol vermilion at a rate of 45% by mass, dry-mixed with 55% of support composition, which gives per 100g of red smoke smoke:
  • the average apparent density of this composition after compression is of the order of 1.6 to 1.8.
  • This smoke-producing device makes it possible to obtain, as soon as it leaves the launcher, a red trace, appreciable and visible on cloudy and gray skies.
  • Example 2 Composition for orange or yellow smoke
  • the average apparent density of this composition after compression is of the order of 1.5 to 1.8.
  • Example 3 Composition for blue or green smoke
  • the dyes used in this case are anthraquinone derivatives.
  • An adaptation of the respective percentages of the dye and of the support composition is necessary. The best result is obtained for a 50/50 dye-composition mixture, which makes it possible to obtain a very intense green or blue trace; Or for 100 g of smoke composition:
  • the average apparent density of this composition is of the order of 1.75 to 2.1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP82401713A 1981-10-14 1982-09-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rauchbildenden Gerätes das die Spur einer eingegebenen Farbe erzeugt, wie etwa rot, vorgesehen hauptsächlich zur Ausrüstung von sich drehenden Alarm- oder Signalgeschossen und so hergestelltes rauchbildendes Gerät Expired EP0077231B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82401713T ATE20877T1 (de) 1981-10-14 1982-09-21 Verfahren zur herstellung eines rauchbildenden geraetes das die spur einer eingegebenen farbe erzeugt, wie etwa rot, vorgesehen hauptsaechlich zur ausruestung von sich drehenden alarm- oder signalgeschossen und so hergestelltes rauchbildendes geraet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8119317 1981-10-14
FR8119317A FR2514491B1 (fr) 1981-10-14 1981-10-14 Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif fumigene generant une trace d'une couleur determinee, rouge ou autre, notamment destine a equiper un projectile giratoire d'alarme ou de signalisation, et dispositif fumigene colore obtenu

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0077231A2 true EP0077231A2 (de) 1983-04-20
EP0077231A3 EP0077231A3 (en) 1984-03-21
EP0077231B1 EP0077231B1 (de) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=9263030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401713A Expired EP0077231B1 (de) 1981-10-14 1982-09-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rauchbildenden Gerätes das die Spur einer eingegebenen Farbe erzeugt, wie etwa rot, vorgesehen hauptsächlich zur Ausrüstung von sich drehenden Alarm- oder Signalgeschossen und so hergestelltes rauchbildendes Gerät

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4621580A (de)
EP (1) EP0077231B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE20877T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3272160D1 (de)
ES (1) ES516411A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2514491B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2053812A2 (de) 2007-10-22 2009-04-29 British Broadcasting Corporation Selbsteinstellender Filter für ein On-Kanal-Relais oder zur Beseitigung von Übersprechen zwischen Quadraturkanälen

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4779534A (en) * 1987-11-10 1988-10-25 Wang Chiey Yi Rocket firecrackers giving out smoke before flying up
US20140283706A1 (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-25 Kms Consulting, Llc Training ammunition cartridge with a gaseous plume signature

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103888A (en) * 1962-03-22 1963-09-17 Rosenthal Henry Anti-pillaring smoke shell
US3633512A (en) * 1969-10-17 1972-01-11 Us Army Self-destruct projectile and composition
US3717097A (en) * 1969-11-21 1973-02-20 Us Navy Implosion colored marker
GB1424523A (en) * 1972-05-05 1976-02-11 Albright & Wilson Phosphorus-containing compositions
US4276100A (en) * 1976-02-13 1981-06-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Process for disposing of decoy flare material
FR2355274A1 (fr) * 1976-06-15 1978-01-13 France Etat Dispositif traceur-fumigene
DE2733700C2 (de) * 1977-07-26 1979-05-03 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 8230 Bad Reichenhall Übungsgefechtskopf für Artillerieraketen
US4291629A (en) * 1978-04-10 1981-09-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Combined T-shape smoke projectile and launching assembly
DE3019975C2 (de) * 1980-05-24 1982-10-21 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Verfahren zur Herstellung von elektrischen, mechanischen oder flammempflindlichen Detonatoren in Gehäusen und Verwendung eines Sprengstoffes für die Herstellung von Detonatoren
US4361526A (en) * 1981-06-12 1982-11-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Thermoplastic composite rocket propellant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2053812A2 (de) 2007-10-22 2009-04-29 British Broadcasting Corporation Selbsteinstellender Filter für ein On-Kanal-Relais oder zur Beseitigung von Übersprechen zwischen Quadraturkanälen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2514491A1 (fr) 1983-04-15
ES8308058A1 (es) 1983-07-16
FR2514491B1 (fr) 1985-10-25
ATE20877T1 (de) 1986-08-15
EP0077231A3 (en) 1984-03-21
US4621580A (en) 1986-11-11
ES516411A0 (es) 1983-07-16
EP0077231B1 (de) 1986-07-23
DE3272160D1 (en) 1986-08-28

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