EP0080078A2 - Microphères creuses et leurs applications - Google Patents

Microphères creuses et leurs applications Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0080078A2
EP0080078A2 EP82110062A EP82110062A EP0080078A2 EP 0080078 A2 EP0080078 A2 EP 0080078A2 EP 82110062 A EP82110062 A EP 82110062A EP 82110062 A EP82110062 A EP 82110062A EP 0080078 A2 EP0080078 A2 EP 0080078A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microspheres
glass
hollow
blowing
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82110062A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0080078B1 (fr
EP0080078A3 (en
Inventor
Leonard B. Torobin
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0080078A2 publication Critical patent/EP0080078A2/fr
Publication of EP0080078A3 publication Critical patent/EP0080078A3/en
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Publication of EP0080078B1 publication Critical patent/EP0080078B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0072—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the gaseous phase, e.g. sputtering, CVD, PVD
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/04—Making microcapsules or microballoons by physical processes, e.g. drying, spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/20—After-treatment of capsule walls, e.g. hardening
    • B01J13/22—Coating
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    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
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    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B22F1/0655—Hollow particles
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    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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    • B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
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    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
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    • C03B37/022—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from molten glass in which the resultant product consists of different sorts of glass or is characterised by shape, e.g. hollow fibres, undulated fibres, fibres presenting a rough surface
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    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
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    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres
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    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/075—Manufacture of non-optical fibres or filaments consisting of different sorts of glass or characterised by shape, e.g. undulated fibres
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
    • C03C17/09—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the vapour phase
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    • C04B14/24—Glass ; Devitrified glass porous, e.g. foamed glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/46—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations characterised by using particular environment or blow fluids other than air
    • B29C2049/4602—Blowing fluids
    • B29C2049/465—Blowing fluids being incompressible
    • B29C2049/4664—Blowing fluids being incompressible staying in the final article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16—Fillers
    • B29K2105/165—Hollow fillers, e.g. microballoons or expanded particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
    • C03B2203/14—Non-solid, i.e. hollow products, e.g. hollow clad or with core-clad interface
    • C03B2203/16—Hollow core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hollow microspheres made from inorganic film forming materials and compositions and particularly to hollow glass microspheres and to a process and apparatus for making the microspheres.
  • the present invention also relates to hollow glass vacuum microspheres having a thin reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microsphere.
  • the present invention relates to hollow glass microspheres for use as a filler material in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions.
  • the present invention specifically relates to the use of the hollow glass microspheres and the hollow glass vacuum microspheres in the manufacture of superior insulation materials for use in construction of homes, factories and office buildings and in the manufacture of products in which heat barriers are desired or necessary and in particular in the construction of highly efficient solar energy collectors.
  • the present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for making filamented glass microspheres with thin glass filaments connecting adjacent microspheres and to the filamented microspheres themselves.
  • filler materials utilises hollow glass microspheres.
  • the known methods for producing hollow glass microspheres for use as filler materials have not been successful in producing microspheres of uniform size or uniform thin walls which makes it very difficult to produce filler and insulating materials of controlled and predictable physical and chemical characteristics and quality.
  • microspheres of random size and wall thickness inherently, produces glass microspheres of random size and wall thickness, microspheres with walls that have sections or portions of the walls that are relatively thin, walls that have holes, small trapped bubbles, trapped or dissolved gases, any one or more of which will result in a substantial weakening of the microspheres, and a substantial number or proportion of microspheres which are not suitable for use and must be scrapped or recycled.
  • the microspheres can also be made to contain a gas at above or below or at about ambient pressure and a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres.
  • the process and apparatus of the present invention provide a practical and economical means by which hollow glass microspheres having a high heat insulation efficiency can be utilised to prepare a relatively low cost efficient insulating material for everyday uses.
  • the hollow glass microspheres and hollow glass vacuum microspheres of the present invention can be used in the design and construction of superior insulating systems for use in combination with solar energy collectors such that the solar energy collectors can be efficiently operated at outside temperatures below 0°C and can be operated at heat exchange medium outlet temperatures above 70°C such that they operate efficiently in the winter and in the summer they can be used to supply summer air-conditioning needs.
  • the elongated cylinder 12 is closed at its outer end and is connected at its inner end to outer nozzle 7 at the peripheral edge of orifice 7a.
  • a balancing pressure of a gas or of an inert gas, i.e. a slightly lower pressure, is provided in the area of the blowing nozzle into which the elongated cylinder shaped liquid film is blown.
  • the illustrated coaxial nozzle can be used to produce microspheres having diameters three to five times the size of the inside diameter of orifice 7a and is useful in blowing low viscosity glass materials.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b of the drawings illustrate another preferred embodiment of the invention in which the outer portion of the transverse jet 13 is flattened to form a generally rectangular or oval shaped orifice opening 13a.
  • the orifice opening 13a can be disposed at an angle relative to a line drawn through the central axis of coaxial nozzle 5.
  • the preferred angle is that as illustrated in the drawing. That is, at an angle of about 90 0 to the central axis of the coaxial nozzle 5.
  • a distinct and advantageous feature of the present invention is that latent solid or latent liquid blowing gases are not used or required and that the microspheres that are produced are free of latent solid or latent liquid blowing gas materials or gases.
  • the organo metal compounds can be decomposed by heating just prior to blowing the microspheres to obtain finely dispersed metal particles and a decomposition gas.
  • An auxiliary blowing gas can be used to dilute the gaseous organo metal compound blowing gas in order to control the thickness of the deposited metal layer.
  • a gas that acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of the organo metal compound or as a hardening agent for the glass compositions can also be used as an auxiliary blowing gas a gas that acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of the organo metal compound or as a hardening agent for the glass compositions.
  • the addition of the catalyst or hardening agent to the blowing gas prevents contact of the catalyst with the organo metal compound or the hardening agent with the glass composition until a time just before the microsphere is formed.
  • the linear velocity of the transverse jet fluid in the region of microsphere formation can be 0.3 to 15 m/sec, preferably 1.5 to 12 m/sec and more preferably 3 to -9 m/sec.
  • the reflective metal coated microspheres can have a deposited metal coating 105 to 600A and preferably 150 to 400A thick and more preferably 150 to 250A.
  • the coating should be less than 100A and preferably less than 80A.
  • the transparent metal coated microspheres can have a deposited metal coating 25 to 95 ⁇ and preferably 50 to 80A thick.
  • the microspheres, though transparent to visible light, are substantially reflective of infrared radiation.
  • the thermal conductivity can be as low as 0.010 Watt/m°C, for example, 0.03 to 0.010 Watt/m°C.
  • An inert blowing gas consisting of xenon or nitrogen at a temperature of 1450°C and at a positive pressure is applied to the inner surface of the molten glass film causing the film to distend downwardly into an elongated cylinder shape with its outer end closed and its inner end attached to the outer edge of orifice 7a.
  • the glass composition is heated to a temperature of 1450 to 1500°C to form a fluid molten glass having a viscosity of 3.5 to 6 Ns/m 2 .
  • the panels are cured and form strong wall panels which can be sawed and nailed and readily used in construction of new homes. Several sections of the panel are tested and found to have a thermal conductivity of 0.003 Watt/m°C.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
EP82110062A 1978-08-28 1979-08-17 Microphères creuses et leurs applications Expired EP0080078B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US93712378A 1978-08-28 1978-08-28
US937123 1978-08-28
US94464378A 1978-09-21 1978-09-21
US944643 1978-09-21
US5929779A 1979-07-20 1979-07-20
US59297 1979-07-20

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79901239.8 Division 1979-08-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0080078A2 true EP0080078A2 (fr) 1983-06-01
EP0080078A3 EP0080078A3 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0080078B1 EP0080078B1 (fr) 1987-07-29

Family

ID=27369620

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86114167A Expired EP0226738B1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1979-08-17 Microsphères creuses filamentées et leurs applications
EP82110062A Expired EP0080078B1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1979-08-17 Microphères creuses et leurs applications
EP79901239A Expired EP0015293B1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1980-03-25 Methode et appareil de production de microspheres creuses
EP79901171A Withdrawn EP0016818A1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1980-03-25 Procede de compression de materiaux gazeux dans un volume ferme

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86114167A Expired EP0226738B1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1979-08-17 Microsphères creuses filamentées et leurs applications

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79901239A Expired EP0015293B1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1980-03-25 Methode et appareil de production de microspheres creuses
EP79901171A Withdrawn EP0016818A1 (fr) 1978-08-28 1980-03-25 Procede de compression de materiaux gazeux dans un volume ferme

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (4) EP0226738B1 (fr)
JP (3) JPS6253221B2 (fr)
CA (2) CA1149170A (fr)
DE (2) DE2954563C2 (fr)
GB (6) GB2048847B (fr)
WO (2) WO1980000438A1 (fr)

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EP0521286A3 (en) * 1991-06-24 1993-08-11 Frank Martiny Coating with bonding agent and method of its production
CN103756252A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-04-30 惠州市昌亿新材料有限公司 一种热固性树脂基导热复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0521286A3 (en) * 1991-06-24 1993-08-11 Frank Martiny Coating with bonding agent and method of its production
CN103756252A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-04-30 惠州市昌亿新材料有限公司 一种热固性树脂基导热复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN103756252B (zh) * 2013-12-03 2016-09-28 惠州市集和光电科技有限公司 一种热固性树脂基导热复合材料及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2112923A (en) 1983-07-27
EP0015293A1 (fr) 1980-09-17
EP0015293A4 (fr) 1981-06-30
EP0226738B1 (fr) 1989-06-14
JPH0324413B2 (fr) 1991-04-03
CA1149170A (fr) 1983-07-05
GB2050345A (en) 1981-01-07
GB2048847A (en) 1980-12-17
JPH0446910B2 (fr) 1992-07-31
EP0226738A1 (fr) 1987-07-01
JPH03115130A (ja) 1991-05-16
GB2048847B (en) 1983-07-06
EP0016818A1 (fr) 1980-10-15
DE2950447C2 (fr) 1991-08-01
JPS55500614A (fr) 1980-09-04
EP0080078B1 (fr) 1987-07-29
GB2113668B (en) 1984-02-15
GB2113668A (en) 1983-08-10
GB2112923B (en) 1983-11-30
GB2112769B (en) 1983-11-16
JPS6253221B2 (fr) 1987-11-09
GB2111971B (en) 1983-11-30
EP0015293B1 (fr) 1985-07-03
EP0080078A3 (en) 1983-09-07
WO1980000438A1 (fr) 1980-03-20
DE2950447A1 (en) 1981-01-15
GB2111971A (en) 1983-07-13
WO1980000439A1 (fr) 1980-03-20
GB2112769A (en) 1983-07-27
CA1171284A (fr) 1984-07-24
DE2954563C2 (fr) 1990-09-20
JPH02258650A (ja) 1990-10-19
GB2050345B (en) 1983-06-15

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