EP0080250A2 - Pfetten - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0080250A2
EP0080250A2 EP82301950A EP82301950A EP0080250A2 EP 0080250 A2 EP0080250 A2 EP 0080250A2 EP 82301950 A EP82301950 A EP 82301950A EP 82301950 A EP82301950 A EP 82301950A EP 0080250 A2 EP0080250 A2 EP 0080250A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
web
purlin
cold
rolled steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82301950A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0080250A3 (en
EP0080250B1 (de
Inventor
James Erle Andrews
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ayrshire Metal Products PLC
Original Assignee
Ayrshire Metal Products PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ayrshire Metal Products PLC filed Critical Ayrshire Metal Products PLC
Priority to AT82301950T priority Critical patent/ATE32763T1/de
Publication of EP0080250A2 publication Critical patent/EP0080250A2/de
Publication of EP0080250A3 publication Critical patent/EP0080250A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0080250B1 publication Critical patent/EP0080250B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E04B7/022—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames
    • E04B7/024—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames the trusses or frames supporting load-bearing purlins, e.g. braced purlins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0482—Z- or S-shaped

Definitions

  • This invention relates to purlins cold-rolled from steel strip, and to roof structures incorporating such purlins.
  • a simple and widely used cross-section provides a flat central web with two flanges,possibly of equal width, but usually of different widths each at right angles to the web at opposite sides thereof.
  • Such flanges are provided with outermost lips, bent inwards at right angles to the flange so as to lie parallel to the web.
  • Another known cross-section similarly provides a central web with two integral flanges at right angles thereto and, if desired inturned lips.
  • the flanges extend from the same side of the web, to provide a channel section, and the web itself is deformed along its central region so as to give a substantial strengthening ridge of generally trapezoidal cross-section extending within and along the channel.
  • the generally channel-shaped prior art purlin possesses certain advantages over the prior art purlin with oppositely directed flanges. This is because the latter tends to "rotate” around its longitudinal axis since its weight is distributed to either side of that axis. With a channel-shaped purlin, there is no maldistribution of weight, with consequently easier assembly techniques e.g. temporary or partial fixing until other members are placed and fitted.
  • the present invention provides purlins with a different type of cross-section, having a novel and advantageous combination of properties, and with good mechanical characteristics in use.
  • Purlins according to the present invention possess mutually parallel flanges extending from the central web in opposite directions (as in the first mentioned example of prior art discussed above) but with the central web so shaped that the flanges, viewed from above the purlinoverlap least in part (as in the second example of prior art discussed above). They further possess features of relative dimension and shaping as defined below.
  • the invention consists in a cold-rolled steel purlin of the type possessing a central web with two oppositely-directed generally parallel flanges each with a flat outer fixing surface and inturned lips, in which: (a) a plane vertical to the midline of either flange flat surface passes through the other flange flat surface (b) the web meets each flange at an angle of substantially 90° (c) each flange is deformed to provide a strengthening groove along the flange between the midline of the flange and the web (d) one flange is a minor flange and the other a major flange, the outer contour of the minor flange and adjacent web portion substantially matching the inner contour of the major flange and adjacent web portion and (e) each inturned flange lip is angled with respect to its flange to allow two identical purlins to be placed together with the minor flange of one inside the major flange of the other, with the substantially matching flange contours face-to-face to provide a stably nes
  • each flange flat surface passes through the other such surface the purlin does not "rotate" during fixing. It is however preferred for strength if each such planepasses through the other flange at points nearer the web, e.g. between the web and the groove.
  • the web leaves the flanges at right angles, and joins these portions by a simple angled plane central portions.
  • the web leaves the flanges at right angles proceeds inwardly at an angle and joins these angled portions by a central plane portion itself at right angles to the flang flat faces.
  • the edge portions of the web, at right angles to the flange, can extend for example to a depth equal to the vertical depth of the inturned lip on that flange.
  • the groove cross-section can be rounded or angled e.g. trapezoidal. If desired additional grooves, e.g. on the outer side of the flange surface mid-line, can be incorporated, although of course a general flat fixing surface must be preserved at the outer face of the flange.
  • the minor flange outer contour substantially match, it will be apparent that (a) the right-angled marginal region of the web in the two cases has a different depth; that at the minor flange being less than that at the major flange and (b) that correspondingly the grooves should have different cross-sections, that in the minor flange being wider and deeper than that in the major flange.
  • the vertical height of the lips in each case can be the same or different, depending on whether it is desired for the lips at one end of a nested pair to end in a common plane parallel to the flange face, or not. In any case, small differences in the original strip width tend to show up as eventual differences in lip height, so that it is valuable if the design is such as to accommodate these differences.
  • the shape of the purlins can be such that other modes of stacking are also possible.
  • One useful optional characteristic is to design the flanges and lips so that purlins can be stacked in the same sense (i.e. with major flanges adjacent). Clearly, these flanges will not fit closely one inside the other. Therefore the lips must contact the outer flange faces (or possibly the outer lip faces) of the same size flange. This can be readily achieved if the lips have the same vertical height and rest in each case upon the outer flange faces. If the major flange lip has a greater vertical height than the minor flange lip, it will need to rest upon the outer angled lip surface, i.e. the major flanges will need to stack slightly inside each other, to compensate for this difference.
  • the angled region of the web imposes a lateral shift of adjacent purlins.
  • the web is of the type where there is a simple angled plane joining the marginal web regions, this still permits a high proportion of face-to-face web contact; where the web is of more complex shape, the detailed dimensions and proportions of the purlin should preferably allow at least two spaced web-to-web contact regions in the stack. Examples of this are described more fully below.
  • a major desirable characteristic is to dimension the flanges and lips so that it is possible to stack the nested pair as described above.
  • a nested pair, as distinct from a single purlin, is symmetrical.
  • it is sometimes desirable that the major flange lip vertical height is greater than the minor flange lip vertical height, to arl.extent such that they terminate in a common plane parallel to the flange flat face; this facilitates subsequent stacking of such pairs.
  • the individual differences in lip height arising from differences in strip width from batch to batch can be accommodated without detracting from this stackability.
  • the invention is primarily directed towards purlins as described above, optionally stackable in the additional modes defined, it also extends to a roof structure incorporating such purlins.
  • Figures 5a to 5d show diagrammatically the neutral plane of a prior art purlin, and the positioning of such a purlin on a roof, in comparison with the neutral plane of purlins according to the invention.
  • the purlin of Figure 1 has a minor flange 1 extending from A to B, a web 2 extending from B to C and a major flange 3 extending from C to D generally parallel to flange 1. It is of a general Z-cross-section, so that each flange has an outer surface and an inner surface in relation to the Z-shape.
  • Flange 1 is further divided into lip 4 from A to E and flat face 5 from E to B.
  • Lip 4 has an outermost portion 6, at 90° to flat face 5 and an inner lip portion 7 at 135 0 thereto as shown.
  • the vertical distance from flat face 5 outer surface and the end of lip 4 at A is H1 .
  • Point F is halfway between E and B. Between F and B is a swaged groove 8.
  • Flange 2 is similarly divided into lip 9 from D to G and flat face 10 from G to C.
  • Lip 9 has outermost portion 11, at 115° to flat face 10, and inner lip portion 12 at 135° thereto.
  • the vertical distance from flat face 10 outer surface to the end of lip 9 at D is H 2 .
  • Point J is halfway between C and G. Between J and B is a swaged groove 13.
  • Web 3 extends from B to C as (i) a connecting O portion 14 from B to K, at 90 to flat face 5, point B also being at distance H1 from the flat face 5 (ii) a central portion 15 from K to L and (iii) a connecting portion 16 from L to C at 90° to flat face 10, point L also being at distance H 2 from flat face 10.
  • a notional line from F at right angles to flat face 5 passes between C and G, and similarly a notional line at right angles to flat face 10, from point J, passes between B and E.
  • H 2 is greater than H 1 by an amount approximately equal to the thickness of the material.
  • Distance CG is greater than distance EB by at least a thickness of material.
  • the inner contour from J-to L is the same as the outer contour from K to F.
  • Two such purlins can be stacked, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Flat surfaces 10 and 10' come to rest at a distance H 3 (slightly less than H 2 ) apart, because the angled outermost lip portion 11 permits the next purlin flange 3' to fit to a minor and stabilising extent within flange 3.
  • flange 1' will fit over flange 1, again with the flat surfaces 5 and 5' a distance H 3 apart since outermost portion 6' is at 90 0 to 5' and rides on portion 4 slightly differently from portion 11 riding on 12'.
  • Figure 2 shows other modes of stacking. Since as described above, the inner contour L C J G D is over most of its length (not the extreme end) the same as outer contour K B F E A; and since moreover groove 8 outer flange contour is the same as groove 13 inner flange face contour, with complementary spacing from the points B and C respectively, good nesting in pairs as shown in Figure 2 is achieved.
  • Such pairs of purlins are symmetrical and accordingly only one end of the section is shown, for clarity of illustration.
  • Such summetrical pairs especially when H 1 is less than H 2 to give a termination of paired flanges at the same level, can be easily stacked in a stable fashion, also as shown in Figure 2.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show how a more complex shape of purlin, still possessing swaged grooves in the flat faces, and still having 90° angled connecting portions at the ends. of the web (in relation to those flat faces) can also be designed to stack in several modes.
  • flange lips 17 and 18 generally resemble flange lips 4 and 9 in Figure 1, except that they project to the same vertical height H 4 from their respective flat face. Moreover, the central web has a major portion 19 at right-angles to these flange flat faces.
  • Figure 4 shows that purlins of Figure 3 can be nested in pairs (as chieved in Figure 2 for the purlins of Figure 1).
  • the size of gap 26 at the end is optional, but should be adequate to permit the minor flange to slide in past the angle at 27.
  • the good matching of groove contours is adequate to ensure good nesting.
  • Figure 4 also shows how the symmetrical pairs can be stacked.
  • the webs have two symmetrical patches of face-to-face contact (one not shown) e.g. at 28 on the central web region. Again this provides stable stacking behaviour.
  • Figure 5a shows the cross-section of a well-known type of purlin. When installed under load, there is a neutral plane or axis, indicating the effective resultant of forces and depending upon the geometry of the section.
  • This neutral plane passes at an angle through the web of the purlin.
  • the size of this angle depends predominantly on the relative dimensions a and b, as shown in Figure 5b, these being the flange width and the web height respectively.
  • a given a/b ratio is optinum for a roof of a given pitch 8, since the neutral plane is then vertical.

Landscapes

  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
EP82301950A 1981-11-23 1982-04-15 Pfetten Expired EP0080250B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82301950T ATE32763T1 (de) 1981-11-23 1982-04-15 Pfetten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8135267 1981-11-23
GB08135267A GB2112039B (en) 1981-11-23 1981-11-23 Improvements in purlins

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0080250A2 true EP0080250A2 (de) 1983-06-01
EP0080250A3 EP0080250A3 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0080250B1 EP0080250B1 (de) 1988-03-02

Family

ID=10526081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82301950A Expired EP0080250B1 (de) 1981-11-23 1982-04-15 Pfetten

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0080250B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE32763T1 (de)
AU (1) AU550570B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3278168D1 (de)
ES (1) ES274461Y (de)
GB (1) GB2112039B (de)
IE (1) IE52549B1 (de)
NZ (1) NZ200365A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3315694A1 (de) * 1983-04-29 1984-11-08 Theodor Wuppermann Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen Pfette fuer eine geneigt verlaufende dachhaut
DE3532522A1 (de) * 1984-09-22 1986-04-03 Wickeder Eisen- und Stahlwerk GmbH, 5757 Wickede Pfette aus kalt gewalztem blech fuer ein geneigtes dach
WO1997028326A1 (en) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-07 The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited Z-section structural member
AU707074B2 (en) * 1996-02-02 1999-07-01 Bluescope Steel Limited Z-section structural member
AU724264B2 (en) * 1997-04-30 2000-09-14 Weeks Holdings Pty Ltd A structural member
EP1113116A3 (de) * 1999-12-30 2003-07-09 Plannja Ab Pfosten und Aussenwand
FR2876168A1 (fr) * 2004-10-04 2006-04-07 Dacri Soc Par Actions Simplifi Perfectionnement aux pattes de fixation en forme generale d'equerre

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8521243D0 (en) * 1985-08-24 1985-10-02 Hadley Sections Ltd Elongate sections
WO1992021913A1 (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-10 John Vincent Moore (Consulting Engineers) Pty. Ltd Steel beam and method of fabrication
RU2318966C2 (ru) * 2005-12-29 2008-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственное объединение "Архитектурно-строительная компания-5" Способ изготовления конструкций из тонкостенных элементов
AU2007249142B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2012-04-19 Bluescope Steel Limited An improved Z section structural member
WO2011063447A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-03 Metroll Technology Pty Ltd Structural element
RU2548268C1 (ru) * 2014-01-27 2015-04-20 Александр Иванович Данилов Узел рессорного типа опирания z-образных прогонов на основные несущие конструкции

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB812733A (en) * 1956-10-29 1959-04-29 J E Lesser & Sons Ltd Improvements in and relating to steel roof structures
US3225872A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-12-28 Nat Steel Corp Structural member
FR1534871A (fr) * 1967-06-21 1968-08-02 Profil Sa Ind Financ Le Profilé en tôle formée à froid pour charpente
FR1534870A (fr) * 1967-06-21 1968-08-02 Profil Sa Ind Financ Le Profilé, en particulier pour charpente de bâtiment
DE2421918A1 (de) * 1974-05-07 1975-11-27 Arbed Kaltprofile fuer konstruktionszwecke
GB1562688A (en) * 1975-11-13 1980-03-12 Ward Bros Ltd Lightweight buildings
GB1590435A (en) * 1976-07-28 1981-06-03 T I Metsec Ltd Sleeve or lapped joints in purlin assemblies

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3315694A1 (de) * 1983-04-29 1984-11-08 Theodor Wuppermann Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen Pfette fuer eine geneigt verlaufende dachhaut
DE3532522A1 (de) * 1984-09-22 1986-04-03 Wickeder Eisen- und Stahlwerk GmbH, 5757 Wickede Pfette aus kalt gewalztem blech fuer ein geneigtes dach
WO1997028326A1 (en) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-07 The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited Z-section structural member
AU707074B2 (en) * 1996-02-02 1999-07-01 Bluescope Steel Limited Z-section structural member
AU724264B2 (en) * 1997-04-30 2000-09-14 Weeks Holdings Pty Ltd A structural member
EP1113116A3 (de) * 1999-12-30 2003-07-09 Plannja Ab Pfosten und Aussenwand
FR2876168A1 (fr) * 2004-10-04 2006-04-07 Dacri Soc Par Actions Simplifi Perfectionnement aux pattes de fixation en forme generale d'equerre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2112039B (en) 1985-08-21
ES274461U (es) 1984-04-01
ES274461Y (es) 1984-11-16
AU8319882A (en) 1983-06-02
DE3278168D1 (en) 1988-04-07
AU550570B2 (en) 1986-03-27
EP0080250A3 (en) 1984-04-25
NZ200365A (en) 1985-05-31
IE52549B1 (en) 1987-12-09
ATE32763T1 (de) 1988-03-15
GB2112039A (en) 1983-07-13
EP0080250B1 (de) 1988-03-02
IE820901L (en) 1983-05-23

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