Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
  • C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic

Definitions

• the invention relates to middle distillates, in particular light heating oil and diesel oil, containing a flow improver, which consists of a copolymer of ethylene with vinyl propionate.
• middle distillates such as gas oils, diesel oils or heating oils, such as those obtained from petroleum by distillation
• paraffin wax is excreted in the form of platelet-shaped crystals, some of which also contain oil.
• the fluidity of the petroleum distillate fuels is significantly impaired. This leads e.g. in the case of diesel fuel, for clogging of filters and thus for interrupting or not evenly supplying the fuel to the combustion units, such as engines or jet engines.
• Malfunctions in heating oils can also occur in winter if such precipitations occur due to low temperatures.
• the pumping of middle distillates through pipelines over longer distances can also be affected in winter by the precipitation of paraffin crystals.
• Such additives change the size and shape of the wax crystals so that the oil remains fluid even at low temperatures.
• Such additives are under the name "Pour point improver” or flow improver “or” pour point improver "known.
• ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers which have a molecular weight of 1000 to 3000 and a vinyl acetate content of 1 to 40% by weight.
• This object is achieved according to the invention with a distillate preparation consisting of a petroleum distillate in the boiling range from 120 to 400 ° C. and 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of an ethylene-vinyl propionate copolymer with a molecular weight of 1000 to 3000 and a comonomer content of 5 to 29%. %, preferably 12 to 28.5% by weight, vinyl propionate.
• the ethylene-vinyl propionate copolymers are prepared in a manner known per se by any process for the radical polymerization of ethylene.
• the copolymers to be used according to the invention are advantageously prepared by high-pressure polymerization without addition of solvents, at temperatures between 100 and 350 ° C. and pressures between 500 and 3000 bar using oxygen or conventional initiators such as di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butyl perpivalate or t-butyl perisononanate.
• oxygen or conventional initiators such as di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butyl perpivalate or t-butyl perisononanate.
• Conventional compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, mercaptans and alkenes and alkanes with 3 or more carbon atoms are used as regulators. Examples include propionaldehyde, acetone, propylene, butene, isobutane and pentane.
• tubular reactors are tubular polymerization vessels whose length is 10,000 to 40,000 times the tube diameter.
• autoclave reactors the interior of which is usually in the ratio of the height to the diameter of the circular cross section from 1: 1 to 20: 1, the reaction material is moved with the aid of stirrers.
• a mixture of 12.6 kg / h of ethylene, 5.5 kg / h of vinyl propionate and 0.31 kg / h of propionaldehyde are passed continuously through a 1 l stirred autoclave kept at a pressure of 1500 bar.
• the temperature in the autoclave is maintained at 250 ° C. by the continuous addition of 2.2 g / h of tert-butyl perisononanate in a paraffin hydrocarbon mixture (bp. 63-80 ° C.).
• 4.9 kg of ethylene-vinyl propionate wax with a vinyl propionate content of 28.4% by weight and a melt viscosity (at 120 ° C.) of 250 mm 2 / s are obtained.
• the average molecular weight (number average M n ) is 1730 (Mechrolab vapor phase osmometer Model 301 A, solvent toluene).
• a mixture of 12.2 kg / h of ethylene, 5.6 kg / h of vinyl acetate and 0.55 kg / h of propionaldehyde are continuously passed through a 1 l stirred autoclave kept at a pressure of 1500 bar.
• a temperature of 250 ° C. is maintained in the autoclave by the continuous addition of 5.5 g / h of tert-butyl perisononanate in a paraffin-hydrocarbon mixture (bp. 175-210).
• 5.3 kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate wax were obtained with a vinyl acetate content of 28.3% by weight and a melt viscosity (at 120 ° C. ) of 250 mm 2 / s.
• the average molecular weight (number average M n) is 1760 (Mechrolab vapor phase osmometer model 301 A, solvent toluene).
• Table II shows the effectiveness of the copolymers described in Preparation Examples 1 to 6 with regard to their CFPP value.
• Examples 4 and 5 are listed for comparison with products with a higher vinyl propionate content,
• Example 6 is listed for comparison with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6153428

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (9)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1982
  • 1982-01-20 DE DE19823201541 patent/DE3201541A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1982-12-20 EP EP82111819A patent/EP0084148B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-12-20 DE DE8282111819T patent/DE3265469D1/de not_active Expired

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