EP0084362A2 - Microphone pour utilisation à courte distance avec compensation du bruit d'ambiance - Google Patents

Microphone pour utilisation à courte distance avec compensation du bruit d'ambiance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084362A2
EP0084362A2 EP83100305A EP83100305A EP0084362A2 EP 0084362 A2 EP0084362 A2 EP 0084362A2 EP 83100305 A EP83100305 A EP 83100305A EP 83100305 A EP83100305 A EP 83100305A EP 0084362 A2 EP0084362 A2 EP 0084362A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
close
microphone according
talking microphone
accelerometer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83100305A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0084362A3 (en
EP0084362B1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Irnstetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telemit-Electronic GmbH
Telemit Electronic GmbH
Original Assignee
Telemit-Electronic GmbH
Telemit Electronic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telemit-Electronic GmbH, Telemit Electronic GmbH filed Critical Telemit-Electronic GmbH
Priority to AT83100305T priority Critical patent/ATE19455T1/de
Publication of EP0084362A2 publication Critical patent/EP0084362A2/fr
Publication of EP0084362A3 publication Critical patent/EP0084362A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0084362B1 publication Critical patent/EP0084362B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/222—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  for microphones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a noise-compensated close-range microphone with a membrane and a mechanical-electrical transducer element interacting with the membrane.
  • the electrical AC voltage is generated on the basis of the differential movement between the membrane and a rigid transducer element, for example a magnet or a counter electrode, which is mounted in the microphone housing.
  • a rigid transducer element for example a magnet or a counter electrode, which is mounted in the microphone housing.
  • Such Wandlerprin- zi p results in a mechanically low-cost solution to a geometrically asymmetrical structure that leads to an acoustic Umsymmetrie, the frequency response of the microphone means for the front side and impinging on the rear side sound does not match exactly, so that diffuse the microphone Sound only partially compensated.
  • a precisely shaped and supported membrane which must be protected against harsh operating conditions, is also required in many cases.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a noise-compensated close-talking microphone of the type mentioned, which has a very simple structure, high noise compensation and insensitivity to wind noise and harsh operating conditions.
  • the close-talking microphone In the close-talking microphone according to the invention, all measures for mechanical protection of the membrane can be omitted, since the transducer system in the form of an accelerometer embedded in the membrane forms a closed system with the latter and a very robust one Diaphragm dimensioning enables.
  • the close-range microphone according to the invention it is not the differential movement between the membrane and a rigid transducer element that is converted into an electrical voltage, but rather the force required to accelerate the seismic mass of the accelerometer.
  • the accelerometer is mechanically completely symmetrically embedded in the membrane, so that an oscillating unit is formed which works completely symmetrically even without precise mounting in the frequency range of the microphone to be transmitted and compensates for diffuse sound.
  • the membrane can be formed over a large area without impairing the symmetry and its proportions can be adapted to the geometry of the sound source, namely the mouth. This results in optimal useful sound transmission and compensation for changes in volume that arise in the case of point-picking microphones, for example noise-compensated electret microphones when speaking, in which the distance between the sound source and the microphone changes due to mouth movements.
  • the air flow that occurs during speech strikes only a part of the membrane, while the entire membrane surface is effective for the useful sound, so that wind noise is reduced to such an extent that no wind protection is required.
  • the front of the membrane is shaded when speaking through the mouth to diffuse sound at higher frequencies, the rear of the membrane is also shaded by a housing for reasons of acoustic symmetry protects against vertical wind and acts as a windbreak.
  • the exposed membrane is made of an elastic damping material and does not require any mechanical protection, so that there is a simple structure. Since the accelerometer and its electrical connections are embedded in the elastic membrane, the microphone is also immersed in water and pressure.
  • the close-range microphone shown in the drawing has a membrane 1, in which an accelerometer 4 is embedded, leads 8 of the accelerometer also being embedded in the membrane 1.
  • the membrane 1 has, in the manner shown in FIG. 2, an elongated shape and is clamped along its narrow sides in a housing 2 which is U-shaped in longitudinal and cross section, this clamping being carried out with the aid of pins 6 which extend through side walls of the housing 2 extend through.
  • the thickness of the membrane 1 is reduced by grooves 3, these grooves being the natural resonance of the Lower and dampen membrane 1, the structure-borne noise sensitivity being reduced at the same time by the fact that the bearing 6, the groove 3 and the mass of the membrane middle part 7 form a mechanical low-pass filter between the microphone housing and the accelerometer.
  • the membrane mass is determined in such a way that the sensitivity for speech transmission through airborne sound and structure-borne sound at the throat is the same, so that the microphone can also be used as a larynx microphone for applications in which lip microphones are unsuitable without changing the gain at the same speech volume.
  • the membrane touches the larynx.
  • the U-shaped housing 2 results in shading of the back of the diaphragm, so that the shading of the front of the diaphragm is compensated for when speaking through the mouth with respect to diffuse sound at higher frequencies.
  • the microphone housing 2 also acts as a windbreak for the back of the membrane.
  • the membrane 1 is made of elastic damping material and does not require any mechanical protection, since even larger impurities, which are unavoidable in harsh operating conditions, do not impair the function of the microphone, because the sound paths to the membrane, unlike conventional microphones, remain symmetrical and not contaminated Protective grids and protective membranes are disturbed or closed.
  • the membrane 1 has a high mass in relation to adhering water or dirt, so that even a microphone immersed in water after the water has dripped off from large sound waves formed in the side walls of the housing 2. Openings 5 is immediately operational again. This also makes cleaning the microphone easy.
  • the acceleration sensor like its feed lines, is arranged symmetrically to the thickness of the membrane 1, the center of the acceleration sensor 4 preferably coinciding with the center of the surface of the membrane 1.
  • the dimensions of the membrane are preferably chosen so that their surface is adapted to the shape and size of the sound source, for example the mouth.
  • the accelerometer 4 is embedded in the membrane 1 such that its main direction of sensitivity is perpendicular to the surface of the membrane.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Interconnected Communication Systems, Intercoms, And Interphones (AREA)
  • Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
EP83100305A 1982-01-15 1983-01-14 Microphone pour utilisation à courte distance avec compensation du bruit d'ambiance Expired EP0084362B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83100305T ATE19455T1 (de) 1982-01-15 1983-01-14 Geraeuschkompensiertes nahbesprechungsmikrophon.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3201164A DE3201164C1 (de) 1982-01-15 1982-01-15 Geraeuschkompensiertes Nahbesprechungsmikrophon
DE3201164 1982-01-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0084362A2 true EP0084362A2 (fr) 1983-07-27
EP0084362A3 EP0084362A3 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0084362B1 EP0084362B1 (fr) 1986-04-23

Family

ID=6153188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83100305A Expired EP0084362B1 (fr) 1982-01-15 1983-01-14 Microphone pour utilisation à courte distance avec compensation du bruit d'ambiance

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0084362B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE19455T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3201164C1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3486047A (en) * 1967-02-20 1969-12-23 Du Pont Transducer
US3562451A (en) * 1968-06-11 1971-02-09 Us Navy Microphone and headset for underwater swimmer
GB1524833A (en) * 1974-08-19 1978-09-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Vibration detecting device and a method for adapting the same
US4013992A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-03-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Diver's piezoelectric microphone with integral agc preamplifier
DE3020617A1 (de) * 1980-05-30 1981-12-10 Medicor Müvek, Budapest Elektrische wandlereinheit zum erfassen von mechanischen schwingungen o.a. druckveraenderungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE19455T1 (de) 1986-05-15
DE3201164C1 (de) 1983-05-19
EP0084362A3 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0084362B1 (fr) 1986-04-23
DE3363110D1 (en) 1986-05-28

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