EP0086579B1 - Structure de bâtiment - Google Patents

Structure de bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086579B1
EP0086579B1 EP83300374A EP83300374A EP0086579B1 EP 0086579 B1 EP0086579 B1 EP 0086579B1 EP 83300374 A EP83300374 A EP 83300374A EP 83300374 A EP83300374 A EP 83300374A EP 0086579 B1 EP0086579 B1 EP 0086579B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell portion
beams
building
raised
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83300374A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0086579A1 (fr
Inventor
Laurence Martin Soden
John Brian West
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soden Laurence Martin
WEST, JOHN BRIAN
Original Assignee
Soden Laurence Martin
West John Brian
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soden Laurence Martin, West John Brian filed Critical Soden Laurence Martin
Publication of EP0086579A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086579A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086579B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086579B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/16—Roof structures with movable roof parts
    • E04B7/166—Roof structures with movable roof parts characterised by a translation movement of the movable roof part, with or without additional movements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34305—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport telescopic
    • E04B1/34312—Vertical telescopic structures

Definitions

  • This invention concerns permanent building structures and methods of making such building structures.
  • the invention provides a permanent, non-transportable building structure of adjustable dimensions and a method of making such a building structure.
  • Such a structure has application in various types of building. For example, it may be used in industrial buildings offering office or warehouse space. It may also be employed in buildings for commercial, domestic, horticultural, or leisure purposes.
  • a building comprising a rigid lower frame defining a lower shell portion which is permanently mounted in foundations, and a rigid upper frame defining an upper shell portion, the upper shell portion being vertically movable relative to the lower shell portion between a lowered position in which the two shell portions overlap to a substantial extent and a raised position in which the two shell portions overlap to a lesser extent wherein the upper and lower shell portions are designed to permit use of the building in both the raised and the lowered position of the upper shell portion, the upper shell portion being arranged in one of its lowered or raised positions.
  • a permanent non-transportable building structure which is constructed on site from component materials characterised by an outer shell arranged to define a substantially enclosed usable space of adjustable dimensions, a section at least of the outer shell having a rigid lowerframe permanently mounted in foundations and defining a lower shell portion, a rigid upper frame defining an upper shell portion, the upper shell portion being vertically movable relative to the lower shell portion and being arranged in one of a lowered position in which the two shell portions overlap to a substantial extent and a raised position in which the two shell portions overlap to a lesser extent wherein the upper and lower shell portions are designed to permit use of the building in both the raised and the lowered position of the upper shell portion and means for fixing the upper shell portion relative to the lower shell portion in the raised position at least.
  • the outer shell may have only one adjustable section constituting either the whole or simply a part of the shell. Alternatively, it may have a plurality of independently adjustable sections.
  • the lower and upper portions have structural beams, with the beams of one portion slideably engaging those of the other.
  • the beams of the upper portion are provided by portal frames and the beams of the lower portion constitute stanchions mounted in foundations.
  • the portal frames and the foundations are so arranged that jacks can be temporarily inserted between them for raising and lowering the upper portion of the outer shell.
  • the beams may conveniently be H-section in form and, in each engaged pair, the side of one may be held in slideable engagement with the side of the other by one or more guides.
  • the free end of at least one of the two beams may have one, or more than one, guide fixed to itwhich embraces the other beam in sliding or rolling engagement.
  • each guide has a U-shaped section and fits over respective edges of the two beams.
  • either or both of the upper and lower portions may also include wind bracing, together with some form of cladding.
  • FIG. 1 to 10 theseshow a building comprising an outer shell 10 which is adjustable as a whole to alter the dimensions of the building.
  • the shell 10 has a fixed, rigid lower portion 12, and a rigid upper portion 14 supported by the lower portion for movement between a lowered position and a raised position.
  • the lower portion 12 of the building comprises a plurality of rolled steel stanchions 16 embedded in concrete foundations 18 (see Figures 6 and 7). Braces 20 are mounted between the stanchions 16 to provide stability, and a conventional form of cladding 22 is supported against the interior sides of the stanchions 16 for weatherproofing.
  • Openings 3 in the cladding 22 serve for doors and windows.
  • the stanchions 16 are H-shaped in section and arranged with one side 24 of the H supporting the cladding and with the other side 26 projecting outwardly beyond the cladding.
  • the sides 26 are maintained in slideable engagement with corresponding rolled steel beams 28 forming the limbs of a plurality of portal frames 30.
  • the beams 28 are H-shaped in section and they are arranged so that one side 32 of the H overlies the side 26 of the associated stanchion 16.
  • the other, exterior, side 34 and the outer edge of the overhead member 36 of the portal frame 30 carry a conventional form of cladding 38.
  • the upper portion 14 may have braces 40 permanently provided between the beams 28 to give it stability; or it may be devoid of such braces when lowered and only have them fixed in place when it is in the raised condition.
  • Openings 42 in the cladding 38 are supplied for windows and doors. These openings may be permanent or they may be covered over with cladding 38 and opened up according to the current needs of the occupier. In any event, however, when the upper portion 14 is in the lowered condition, suitably sited openings 42 are provided to coincide with the access openings to the lower portion 12.
  • At least one pair of guides 44 is arranged to act between each stanchion 16 and the associated beam 28. Since the arrangement is the same in each case, only one will be described.
  • the guides 44 are situated at the lower end of the beam 28 so as to co-operate with its inner side 32 and the outer side 26 of the stanchion 16.
  • Each guide 44 is in the form of a U-shaped slide as shown in Figures 8 to 10.
  • the slides 44 embrace the sides 26, 32 and are secured to the sides 32 as by welding, but are not in any way attached to the sides 26.
  • the slides 44 are arranged to guide the beam 28 for sliding along the stanchion 16, and to facilitate such movement the longitudinal ends 46 of the portion of each slide embracing the side 26 are raised away from that side. Additionally, the slides 44 serve not only to limit movement of the beam 28 outwardly from the stanchions 16 but also to restrict lateral movement of these elements relative to one another.
  • one or more sets of bolts or clamps 48 are fixed between the stanchions 16 and the beams 28 to engage their sides 26 and 32.
  • the portal frames 30 When the upper portion 14 is in its lowered position, the portal frames 30 are supported on the free upper ends of the stanchions 16, and the bolts or clamps 48 secure the limbs 28 against the tops and the bottoms of the stanchions 16. In this condition, the lower ends of the beams 28 are spaced a short distance above portions of the foundations 18.
  • Jacks are then temporarily inserted between the foundations 18 and the portal limbs 28 at some or all of the available points around the building. These jacks are fixed in position, connected up to power supplies and fully tested. Following this, they are inflated to take the load of the upper portion 14, but not further.
  • the guides 44 are then lubricated for ease of sliding and any potential obstructions are removed.
  • the means securing the portal frames 30 to the stanchions 16 are eased, at the top first, and then at the bottom, after which they are removed.
  • the jacks are now inflated simultaneously in one or more stages to raise the upper portion 14 to the desired position, whereupon the portal frames 30 and stanchions 16 are fixed together again. Finally, the jacks are released.
  • Lowering of the upper portion 14 is a similar exercise, although it is preferable to make any adjustments required in the cladding and bracing at the end.
  • the height of the building can thus be adjusted as desired and by making appropriate alterations in the interior, the building can be converted for example from one to two stories or from a small to a much increased storage volume.
  • Any services are preferably arranged on a ring system, either with freely connectable extensions or with spare line capacity as appropriate to accommodate alterations. Additional cladding is also provided to seal between the upper and lower portions of the building.
  • FIG 11 illustrates a modified form of the building which has two independently adjustable sections 50, 52.
  • Figures 1 and 11 each have only a single span.
  • Figures 12 to 15 concern a multispan building, having as many as four independently adjustable sections 60, 62, 64 and 66.
  • stanchions 70 which are H-shaped in cross-section, embedded centrally within foundations 72. Respective limbs 28 of the portals 30 of one span are located by their guides 44 against the stanchions 70 on one side. Likewise, respective limbs 28 of the portals 30 of another span are located by the guides 44 against the stanchions 70 on the other side. As before, bolts or clamps 48 serve to secure each limb 28 against the adjacent side of the associated stanchion 70 in the desired position.
  • Each span can be raised or lowered independently of the other simply by placing jacks on the foundations 72 under some of all of the relevant portal limbs 28. Of course, if one span is raised while the other remains lowered, it will be necessary to apply cladding 74 to the raised span as illustrated in Figure 14 for weatherproofing.
  • the described structures have a high degree of adaptability, but can still be constructed simply in a weather-tight manner. They remain rigid and stable in all conditions and are consequently suitable for industrial, leisure and indeed many other uses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Structure de bâtiment permanente qui est construite sur le site à partir de matériaux constitutifs, caractérisée par une enveloppe extérieure (10) conçue de façon à définir un espace utilisable substantiellement fermé et de dimensions ajustables, une partie au moins de l'enveloppe extérieure (10) ayant une ossature inférieure rigide (12) montée de façon permanente dans des fondations (18) et définissant une partie d'enveloppe inférieure, et une ossature supérieure rigide (14) définissant une partie d'enveloppe supérieure, la partie d'enveloppe supérieure étant mobile verticalement par rapport à la partie d'enveloppe inférieure et étant disposée dans une position abaissée dans laquelle les deux parties d'enveloppe se chevauchent de manière substantielle ou une position élevée dans laquelle les deux parties d'enveloppe se chevauchent dans une moindre mesure, les parties d'enveloppe supérieure et inférieure étant conçues pour permettre l'utilisation du bâtiment tant dans la position élevée que dans la position abaissée de la partie d'enveloppe supérieure, et des moyens (48) pour fixer la partie d'enveloppe supérieure par rapport à la partie d'enveloppe inférieure au moins dans la position élevée.
2. Structure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ossature supérieure comprend des poutres structurelles (28) prévues coulissantes pour qu'elles s'accouplent avec les poutres structurelles (16) de l'ossature inférieure.
3. Structure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les poutres (28) de l'ossature supérieure sont munies d'ossatures en portique (30).
4. Structure selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les ossatures en portique (30) et .les fondations (18) sont disposées de façon à recevoir entre elles des vérins pour élever et abaisser la partie d'enveloppe supérieure (14).
5. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les poutres (16, 28) comprennent des poutres à section en H, en ce que les poutres sont disposées par paires comprenant chacune une poutre respective de l'ossature inférieure et une poutre respective de l'ossature supérieure, et en ce que le côté (26) d'une poutre (16) de chaque paire est accouplée par coulissement avec les côtés (32) de l'autre poutre (28) de la même paire par des moyens de guidage (44).
6. Structure selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'une extrémité libre d'au moins l'une des deux poutres de chaque paire est accouplée par coulissement avec l'autre poutre de la même paire par des moyens de guidage (44).
7. Structure selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de guidage (44) comprennent plusieurs dispositifs de guidage, chacun présentant une section transversale en forme de U et étant disposé de façon à recouvrir les bords respectifs des deux poutres de la paire associée.
8. Structure selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que chaque dispositif de guidage a une branche fixée à l'une (28) des deux poutres de la paire associée et l'autre branche disposée pour s'accoupler par coulissement ou roulement avec l'autre poutre (16) de la paire associée.
9. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de fixation (48) sont disposés de façon à fixer l'ossature supérieure (14) par rapport à l'ossature inférieure (12) en position abaissée.
10. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'enveloppe extérieure (10) ne possède qu'une seule section ajustable constituant tout ou partie de l'enveloppe extérieure.
11. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, dans laquelle l'enveloppe extérieure (10) possède plusieurs sections ajustables séparément.
12. Méthode de construction d'une structure de bâtiment permanente et non transportable, caractérisée par:
la construction, sur le site et avec des matériaux constitutifs, d'un bâtiment comprenant une ossature inférieure rigide (12) définissant une partie d'enveloppe inférieure qui est montée de manière permanente dans des foundations (18), et une ossature supérieure rigide (14) définissant une partie d'enveloppe supérieure, la partie d'enveloppe supérieure étant mobile verticalement par rapport à la partie d'enveloppe inférieure entre une position abaissée dans laquelle les deux parties d'enveloppe se chevauchent de manière substantielle et une position élevée dans laquelle les deux parties d'enveloppe se chevauchent dans une moindre mesure, les parties d'enveloppe supérieure et inférieure étant conçues pour permettre l'utilisation du bâtiment tant dans la position élevée que dans la position abaissée de la partie d'enveloppe supérieure, la partie d'enveloppe supérieure étant disposée dans l'une de ses positions abaissée ou élevée.
13. Méthode selon la revendication 12, caractérisée par:
le déplacement de la partie d'enveloppe supérieure depuis sa position arrangée jusqu'à l'autre de ses positions abaissée ou élevée, et
la modification du nombre des niveaux dans la structure du bâtiment.
EP83300374A 1982-01-25 1983-01-25 Structure de bâtiment Expired EP0086579B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8201973 1982-01-25
GB08201973A GB2113738B (en) 1982-01-25 1982-01-25 Variable building

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086579A1 EP0086579A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
EP0086579B1 true EP0086579B1 (fr) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=10527844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83300374A Expired EP0086579B1 (fr) 1982-01-25 1983-01-25 Structure de bâtiment

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EP (1) EP0086579B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3370842D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2113738B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2210076B (en) * 1987-09-22 1991-09-18 Johnson James F J Glasshouse construction
GB9307248D0 (en) * 1993-04-07 1993-06-02 Kinpars Ind Plastics Ltd Roofing system
CN115897883A (zh) * 2022-12-07 2023-04-04 北京中海集成工程技术有限公司 一种特种方舱用扩展方舱的顶板撑杆结构

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2233440A1 (de) * 1972-07-07 1974-01-17 Gerhard Sandtner Hallenkonstruktion, insbesondere fuer gartenschwimmbecken
DE2420504A1 (de) * 1974-04-27 1975-11-06 Juergen Lemon Transportabler kastenfoermiger aufbau
GB1494848A (en) * 1975-06-18 1977-12-14 Intercity Electric & Mech Serv Collapsible boiler house
GB1568090A (en) * 1977-10-25 1980-05-21 Love W Adjustable roof structures
GB2085507A (en) * 1980-10-16 1982-04-28 Portakabin Ltd Buildings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3370842D1 (en) 1987-05-14
GB2113738A (en) 1983-08-10
EP0086579A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
GB2113738B (en) 1986-09-24

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