EP0090647A1 - Verfahren zur Detergensherstellung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Detergensherstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090647A1
EP0090647A1 EP83301765A EP83301765A EP0090647A1 EP 0090647 A1 EP0090647 A1 EP 0090647A1 EP 83301765 A EP83301765 A EP 83301765A EP 83301765 A EP83301765 A EP 83301765A EP 0090647 A1 EP0090647 A1 EP 0090647A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavities
rotor
soap
stator
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83301765A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0090647B1 (de
Inventor
Terence Allan Clarke
Richard Barrie Edwards
Graeme Neil Irving
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever NV
Priority to AT83301765T priority Critical patent/ATE20249T1/de
Publication of EP0090647A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090647A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0090647B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090647B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
    • C11D13/10—Mixing; Kneading
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
    • C11D13/08—Colouring, e.g. striated bars or striped bars, or perfuming

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the processing of soap feedstocks to introduce volatile components, for example perfumes.
  • a cavity transfer mixer provides an efficient route for incorporation because the processing temperatures are maintained, in general, below those usually encountered in soap processing. The processing time is low and the mixing occurs in an enclosed volume. The energy required will normally be lower than that required in conventional processes.
  • the present invention uses a device of the cavity transfer mixer class to introduce a volatile component into the soap base.
  • These devices comprise two closely spaced mutually displaceable surfaces each having a pattern of cavities which overlap during movement of surfaces so that material moved between the surfaces traces a path through cavities alternately in each surface so that the bulk of the material passes through the shear zone in the material generated by displacement of the surfaces.
  • Cavity transfer mixers are normally prepared with a cylindrical geometry and in the preferred devices for this process the cavities are arranged to give constantly available but changing ways path through the device during mutual movement of the two surfaces.
  • the devices having a cylindrical geometry will comprise a stator within which is journalled a rotor; the opposing faces of the stator and rotor carry the cavities through which the material passes during its passage through the device.
  • the temperature of processing is preferably from about 30°C to about 55°C, more preferably below about 40°C.
  • the device may also have a planar geometry in which opposed plane surfaces having patterns of cavities would be moved mutually, for example by rotation of one plane, so that material introduced between the surfaces at the point of rotation would move outwards and travel alternately between cavities on each surface.
  • auxilliary equipment As the rotor is turned.
  • auxilliary equipment are screw extruders and piston rams.
  • the auxiliary equipment is preferably operated separately from the mixer so that the throughput and work performed on it can be separately varied.
  • the separate operation may be achieved by arranging the auxiliary equipment to provide material for processing at an angle to the centre line of the shear-producing device. This arrangement allows rotational energy to be supplied to the device producing shear around its centre line. An in-line arrangement is more easily achieved when the external member of the device is the rotor. Separate operation of the device and auxiliary equipment assists in providing control of the processing.
  • cavity shapes In general a variety of cavity shapes can be used, for example Metal Box (UK 930 339) disclose longitudinal slots in the two surfaces.
  • the stator and rotor may carry slots, for example six to twelve, spaced around their periphery and extending along their whole length.
  • one or both surfaces are subjected to thermal control.
  • the process allows efficient heating /cooling of the materials to be achieved.
  • the detergent feedstock may contain non-soap detergents in amounts which would not interfere with the desired effect.
  • these actives are alkane sulphonates, alcohol sulphates, alkyl benzene sulphonates, alkyl sulphates, acyl isethionates, olefin sulphonates and ethoxylated alcohols.
  • the processed feedstock was made into bar form using standard stamping machinery.
  • Other product forms eg extruded particles (noodles) and beads can be prepared from the feedstock.
  • a cavity transfer mixer is shown in Figure 1 in longitudinal section. This comprises a hollow cylindrical stator member 1, a cylindrical rotor member 2 journalled for rotation within the stator with a sliding fit, the facing cylindrical surfaces of the rotor and stator carrying respective pluralities of parallel, circumferentially extending rows of cavities which are disposed with:
  • the pattern of cavities carried on the stator 3 and rotor 4 are illustrated on Figure 3.
  • the cavities 3 on the stator are shown hatched.
  • the overlap between patterns of cavities 3, 4 is also shown in Figure 2.
  • a liquid jacket 1A is provided for the application of temperature control by the passage of heating or cooling water.
  • a temperature control conduit 2A is provided in the rotor.
  • the material passing through the device moves through the cavities alternately on the opposing faces of the stator and rotor.
  • the cavities immediately behind those shown in section are indicated by dotted profiles on Figure 1 to allow the repeating pattern to be seen.
  • the material flow is divided between pairs of adjacent cavities on the same rotor or stator face because of the overlapping position of the cavity on the opposite stator or rotor face.
  • the whole or bulk of the material flow is subjected to considerable working during its passage through the shear zone generated by the mutual displacement of the stator and rotor surfaces.
  • the material is entrained for a short period in each cavity during passage and thus one of its velocity components is altered.
  • the mixer had a rotor radius of 2.54 cm with 36 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9 cm) arranged in six rows of six cavities.
  • the internal surface of the stator carried seven rows of six cavities to provide cavity overlap at the entry and exit.
  • the material to be worked was injected into the device through channel 5, which communicates with the annular space between the rotor and stator, during operation by a screw extruder. The material left the device through nozzle 6.
  • Figure 4 shows elongate cavities arranged in a square pattern; these cavities have the sectional profile of Figure 2. These cavities are aligned with their longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device and the direction of movement of material through the device; the latter is indicated by the arrow.
  • Figure 5 shows a pattern of cavities having the dimensions and profile of those shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the cavities of Figure 5 are arranged in a square pattern with each cavity being closely spaced from flow adjacent cavities on the same surface. This pattern does not provide as high a degree of overlap as given by the pattern of Figure 3.
  • the latter has each cavity closely spaced to six cavities on the same surface, ie a hexagonal pattern.
  • Figure 6 is a section of a cavity transfer mixer having a rotor 7 rotatably positioned within the hollow stator 8 having an effective length of 10.7 cm and a diameter of 2.54 cm.
  • the rotor carried five parallel grooves 9 of semi-circular cross section (diameter 5 mm) equally spaced around the periphery and extending parallel to the longitudinal axis along the length of the rotor.
  • the inner cylindrical surface of the stator 8 carried eight grooves 10 of similar dimensions extending along its length and parallel to the longitudinal axis. This embodiment, utilised cavities extending along the length of the stator and rotor without interruption. Temperature control jacket and conduit were present.
  • Figure 7 shows a pattern of cavities wherein the cavities on the rotor, shown hatched, and stator have a larger dimension normal to the material flow; the latter is indicated by an arrow.
  • the cavities are thus elongate.
  • This embodiment provides a lower pressure drop over its length compared with devices of similar geometry but not having cavities positioned with a longer dimension normal, i.e. perpendicular to the material flow. To obtain a reduction in pressure drop at least one of the surfaces must carry elongate cavities having their longer dimension normal to the material flow.
  • the cavity transfer mixer of Figure 8 had the external cylinder 11 journalled for rotation about central shaft 12. Temperature control jacket 13 and conduit were present but the latter is now shown because the cavities on the central shaft are shown in plan view while the rotor is sectioned.
  • the central stator (diameter 52 mm) had three rows 14 of three cavities with partial, i.e. half cavities at the entry and exit points. On the rotor there were four rows 15 of three cavities.
  • the cavities on the stator and rotor were elongate with a total arc dimension of 5.1 cm normal to the material flow with hemispherical section ends of 1.2 cm radius joined by a semicircular sectioned panel of the same radius.
  • the cavities were arranged in the pattern of Figure 7, i.e. with their long dimension normal to material flow.
  • the rotor was driven by a chain drive to external toothed wheel 16.
  • the mixer used the cavity pattern of Figure 3 and had a rotor radius of 2.54cm with 36 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9cm) arranged in six rows of six cavities.
  • the internal surface of the stator carried seven rows of six cavities to provide cavity overlap at the entry and exit.
  • a tallow/coconut superfat feedstock (60/40/71 ⁇ 2) was prepared. 2-phenylethanol (1.0%) was added to this base in a ribbon mixer to coat the noodles with this volatile material.
  • the base was divided with the first half being treated in the cavity transfer extruder with the aid of a soap plodder and the second being subjected to conventional treatment. Tablets were stamped and analysed by gas chromatography of the head space. Results showed less of the volatile component was lost by the cavity transfer mixer route.
  • a tallow/coconut (80/20) soap with a glycerol content of 1.25% was used as base.
  • Limonene (1.5% on base) was added to a sample of soap in chip form and conventionally processed.
  • a second sample was mixed with the same quantity of limonene and passed through a device of Figure 1 having cavities of diameter 2.4 cm arranged with six cavities in a circumferential circle.
  • the stator carried four complete cavities and the rotor three complete cavities with two half cavities at each end.
  • the soap temperature was 25°C input and 35°C at exit with cooling applied to the stator and rotor.
  • the throughput was 400 g/minute from a soap plodder with the rotor operated at 35 r.p.m.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
EP83301765A 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur Detergensherstellung Expired EP0090647B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83301765T ATE20249T1 (de) 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur detergensherstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8209153 1982-03-29
GB8209153 1982-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090647A1 true EP0090647A1 (de) 1983-10-05
EP0090647B1 EP0090647B1 (de) 1986-06-04

Family

ID=10529361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83301765A Expired EP0090647B1 (de) 1982-03-29 1983-03-29 Verfahren zur Detergensherstellung

Country Status (20)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0090647B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58208394A (de)
AR (1) AR231997A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE20249T1 (de)
AU (1) AU552375B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8301600A (de)
CA (1) CA1209436A (de)
DE (1) DE3363896D1 (de)
DK (1) DK138583A (de)
ES (1) ES8405063A1 (de)
FI (1) FI69867C (de)
GB (1) GB2118057B (de)
GR (1) GR78499B (de)
IN (1) IN157136B (de)
MY (1) MY8700909A (de)
NO (1) NO831126L (de)
NZ (1) NZ203711A (de)
PH (1) PH22027A (de)
PT (1) PT76466B (de)
ZA (1) ZA832184B (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7011600B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2006-03-14 Fallbrook Technologies Inc. Continuously variable transmission
CN101495777B (zh) 2005-11-22 2011-12-14 福博科技术公司 无级变速器
CN102226460A (zh) 2005-12-09 2011-10-26 瀑溪技术公司 无级变速器
EP1811202A1 (de) 2005-12-30 2007-07-25 Fallbrook Technologies, Inc. Stufenloses Getriebe
CN101861482B (zh) 2007-11-16 2014-05-07 福博科知识产权有限责任公司 用于变速传动装置的控制器
JP5230804B2 (ja) 2008-06-23 2013-07-10 フォールブルック インテレクチュアル プロパティー カンパニー エルエルシー 連続可変変速機
US10047861B2 (en) 2016-01-15 2018-08-14 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Systems and methods for controlling rollback in continuously variable transmissions
US11215268B2 (en) 2018-11-06 2022-01-04 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Continuously variable transmissions, synchronous shifting, twin countershafts and methods for control of same
US11174922B2 (en) 2019-02-26 2021-11-16 Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc Reversible variable drives and systems and methods for control in forward and reverse directions

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB930339A (en) * 1961-05-01 1963-07-03 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the extrusion of molten thermoplastic material
DE2050222A1 (de) * 1969-11-21 1971-05-27 Lab Reunis Ets Verfahren zum Parfümieren einer Sei fenmasse und Einrichtung zur Durchfuhrung dieses Verfahrens
US3779521A (en) * 1971-05-11 1973-12-18 Creusot Loire Extrusion assembly
GB2034742A (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-06-11 Zucker Friedrich Josef Process for the continuous production of soap

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB843849A (en) * 1957-11-22 1960-08-10 Ici Ltd Mixing apparatus
DD124023A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1977-02-02
US4419014A (en) * 1980-09-23 1983-12-06 Rubber And Plastics Research Association Of Great Britain Extruder mixer
GB2106407B (en) * 1981-09-28 1985-08-21 Sekiguchi Co Ltd Apparatus for emulsifying liquids

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB930339A (en) * 1961-05-01 1963-07-03 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the extrusion of molten thermoplastic material
DE2050222A1 (de) * 1969-11-21 1971-05-27 Lab Reunis Ets Verfahren zum Parfümieren einer Sei fenmasse und Einrichtung zur Durchfuhrung dieses Verfahrens
US3779521A (en) * 1971-05-11 1973-12-18 Creusot Loire Extrusion assembly
GB2034742A (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-06-11 Zucker Friedrich Josef Process for the continuous production of soap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58208394A (ja) 1983-12-05
GB2118057B (en) 1986-07-16
ATE20249T1 (de) 1986-06-15
NO831126L (no) 1983-09-30
DE3363896D1 (en) 1986-07-10
ES521072A0 (es) 1984-05-16
FI69867B (fi) 1985-12-31
ES8405063A1 (es) 1984-05-16
AU1285983A (en) 1983-10-06
JPS6131754B2 (de) 1986-07-22
CA1209436A (en) 1986-08-12
AU552375B2 (en) 1986-05-29
GR78499B (de) 1984-09-27
PT76466A (en) 1983-04-01
ZA832184B (en) 1984-11-28
GB2118057A (en) 1983-10-26
FI69867C (fi) 1986-05-26
AR231997A1 (es) 1985-04-30
PT76466B (en) 1986-02-27
EP0090647B1 (de) 1986-06-04
FI830998L (fi) 1983-09-30
BR8301600A (pt) 1983-12-06
GB8308632D0 (en) 1983-05-05
FI830998A0 (fi) 1983-03-24
MY8700909A (en) 1987-12-31
DK138583D0 (da) 1983-03-25
DK138583A (da) 1983-09-30
IN157136B (de) 1986-01-25
NZ203711A (en) 1986-06-11
PH22027A (en) 1988-05-13

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