EP0093446A1 - Method and apparatus for dyeing or finishing wet textile sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

With continuous application of impregnation liquors to wet wet webs, there is a risk of liquor thinning due to the moisture introduced from the pretreatment together with the textile goods, which is immediately visible to the eye when dyeing liquors are applied in the form of the so-called end drain. In addition, there are problems with the levelness of the product image due to the uneven moisture content on the textile material which results as a result of different squeezing performance on the foulard across the web width. By partially or completely exchanging moisture on the material to be treated by means of suction or pressing and circulation of the liquor to be applied while simultaneously maintaining the amount of liquor and its concentration constant, the problems and problems previously associated with the wet-on-wet product application can be eliminated with the aid of the method and device according to the invention. The new working technique makes it possible to save the usual intermediate drying after the pretreatment.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous, uniform application of aqueous impregnation liquors containing at least one treatment agent on water-wet, textile webs that have been partially dewatered from a previous wet treatment to a certain residual moisture content, the moisture content of which in the longitudinal and transverse directions Goods run through an apparatus arrangement of more than. two measuring points is determined via the web width before the application of liquor and through a similar additional measuring arrangement after the liquor application continuously and without contact and thus adjusted such in correspondence of the moisture content according to _e i _nem second dewatering that is the same higher than after the first dewatering. In the case of continuous dyeing and / or finishing textile goods of any kind, the application technique according to the invention is of particular importance.

According to the methods commonly used in practice, the so-called wet-on-wet procedure is carried out with two application units connected in series for the treatment liquors. To control the product order, a high-performance crusher is usually used, e.g. of the foulard and then a pair of rollers with a lower squeezing effect, as a result of which a certain additional liquid application can be achieved as a result of the differences in the squeezing performance.

On the other hand, it is already known that perforated drums are used to apply liquid agents can be used, which are arranged in an immersion bath and over which one guides the spread web of goods during the passage through the fleet. Due to the suction suction exerted on the textile material, better penetration of the fiber material with the treatment liquid is thus ensured.

However, these two application methods have the disadvantage that it is not possible to keep the liquid to be applied in the second bath in the same concentration of the treatment agent from the beginning to the end of the process. As a result of moisture introduced from the first wet treatment step, dilution effects occur irregularly in the wet-on-wet application, which are strongly dependent on the speed of the textile goods. There are also concentration differences across the width of the goods with an irregular squeezing effect following the first block operation. Because of these shortcomings, a continuous, uniform application of dye preparations to wet webs has so far been practically impossible. It is indeed possible to apply equipment fleets to wet goods, with deviations from an average order quantity in the range from 5 to 20% by weight hardly having a disadvantageous effect. But this only comes from the fact that one mostly deals with essentially colorless substances, so that any unevenness in the product image is not visible to the eye. With the means and systems available so far, however, the conditions necessary for dyeing could not be mastered, both with regard to measuring the moisture values and controlling the order of the fleet.

It is only with the development of new equipment that the wet-on-wet-wet system can be used for dyeing, more precisely consider applying the dye again. In order to save energy and costs, it has also been a long-standing wish of textile finishers to be able to do without intermediate drying.

The object of the present invention is now to get the continuous dyeing of a uniformly wet textile goods on an industrial scale and with safe handling of the various treatment phases under control, with the best possible dyeing of the goods without the risk of the end of the process dyed textile goods plays a role. Such a project has also received new impetus from the energy saving program.

This object is achieved in that the continuously moving, moist web within an impregnation trough when diving below the liquid level in a spread form is passed over a liquor exchange element and the fleet order - continuously and evenly across the web width - by partial or complete exchange of the already Moisture present in the textile material with the help of suction or pressing through a circulating impregnation liquor and at the same time brings about the absorption of the respectively prescribed amount of liquor, whereupon the reduced concentration of the treatment agent due to dilution of the liquor as well as the decrease in the liquor volume due to excess liquor absorption by the textile material - in dependence on the determined result of the measured values _F Lotte difference after the first and second dewatering - by metered addition of freshly prepared Flottennachsätze strengthen the on or Replenish used circus fleet is compensated.

The principle of the present invention is based on checking the moisture which is necessarily carried over into the application process of the treatment agent on the wet substrate and then displacing it in the course of a passage of circulated impregnation liquor through the web of material passed directly past the exchange element and at the same time adding impregnation liquid containing the treatment agent replace, whereby the exchanged moisture from the pretreatment is absorbed in the circuit of the impregnation liquor. The risk of a progressively increasing liquor dilution is avoided by the measure according to the invention of the constant addition of freshly prepared liquor replenishments, which ensure that the concentration of the treatment agent is kept constant and also compensate for liquor losses due to the proportionately higher proportion of the amount applied in the second stage. By using high-humidity measuring devices after dewatering and controlling the same on the basis of the measured values and the same procedure for renewed application of the liquor, it is possible to maintain the tolerances required for the uniformity of the two processes. The new working technique makes it possible to save the usual intermediate drying after the pretreatment and, contrary to the conventional custom, dyeing liquors can be applied directly to the wet webs.

A device suitable for carrying out the novel wet-on-wet application method, to which the present invention also relates, essentially consists of two successive drainage elements (2a, 2) lying one behind the other in the running direction of the textile material (1) b), in both cases com combined with a downstream equipment arrangement consisting of more than two measuring points (3 a, 3 b) distributed across the goods run for contactless determination of the moisture content brought along or the resulting liquor absorption in the longitudinal and transverse directions on the just previously drained, continuously moving web (1 ), and is characterized in that between the two drainage organs (2 a, 2 b) in the direction of movement of the textile web (1) an impregnation trough (4) with a fleet exchange element (5) attached therein below to replace the one on the in spread form above the material web (1) located moisture against the sucked-through or pressed-through impregnation liquor and at the same time for the application of the respectively prescribed amount of liquor is provided, a pipeline (6) connected to it, including a built-in circulation pump (7), to form a circuit for the flowing impregnation liquor, these pipes itung (6) connected metering pump (8) with supply lines for the supply of the fleet circuit with freshly prepared fleet replenishments for strengthening or filling up used circulation liquor, as well as in the flow direction below. the connection for the metering pump (8) mechanical means (9) included in the circuit for mixing used circulation liquor with the metered additions of liquor.

In the course of carrying out the method according to the invention using the device described above, the textile material (1) squeezed to a uniform moisture in a first dewatering member (2 a) is conveyed via a fleet exchange (5), for example a Sieve drum or a suction slit passed into the treatment medium-impregnating liquor immersed. At this point, the circulated impregnation liquor is sucked through the spread textile material under the action of a pump (7), exchanging or diluting with the residual moisture on the goods, and then conveying it in a kind of cycle to the actual impregnation trough (4) upstream distribution chassis (10) is reached, which is equipped with mechanically effective means (9) for fleet mixing and their even distribution within this facility, with particular attention to the width of the web to be treated. From this chassis (10), the dimensions of which are matched to the width of the impregnation trough (4), the circulated impregnation liquor then arrives at the subsequent impregnation trough (4) in an even, cross-distributed manner by means of an overflow (11) extending over the same width and is then distributed there, as before during the passage of the goods via (5), sucked through the exposed textile material by the pump (7), which also ensures the circulation of the fleet. Instead of vacuuming, the impregnation liquor can also be pressed through the goods for the purpose of liquor exchange if the liquor exchange element (5) consists of a screen drum placed under outside pressure and the impregnation trough (4) is provided with a pressure-tight web inlet and 1-tsar web outlet. It is advisable to work with excess flows of the impregnation liquor through the textile web (fleet throughput). The textile material treated in this way is then squeezed, sucked off or stripped off evenly to the desired liquor intake in a second dewatering device (2 b), but while maintaining a higher moisture content than before entering the _I mprägnierbad, and is then supplied to the further fixing process.

The moisture already on the textile material can be evened out using a normal high-performance crushing unit, advantageously a foulard. Immediately after leaving the drainage device (2 a) used for this purpose, using the associated measuring arrangement (3 a), consisting of more than two measuring points, the fabric moisture is measured continuously and lengthways and transversely on the fiber material guided at constant speed, and the measured values thus obtained are measured used to control the drainage performance at the corresponding points on the web. The moisture measurement itself is carried out in a contactless manner using well-known methods, for example with the aid of a moisture measuring device based on the principle of microwave absorption, as described in DE-GM 76 38 683. In this way, the amount of water in g / m ² can be determined, which is introduced into the impregnation bath by the goods. The squeezing after the impregnation is monitored by means of a measuring arrangement (3 b) connected downstream of the corresponding dewatering device (2 b) and having the same equipment as before, and is thus able to continuously carry out the desired control function for the fleet application. The difference in the two moisture measurements is then used to derive the consumption of the impregnation liquor. In accordance with the needs of the invention, the amount of moisture in relation to the second measurement (liquor absorption) is kept larger at (3 b) than in the case of the first measurement (drainage) at (3 a).

To compensate for the resulting difference in moisture balance, the above is described Circulation system before the used impregnation liquor enters the distribution chassis (10) upstream of the impregnation trough (4), as much freshly prepared liquor replenishments of a correspondingly higher concentration of the treatment agent are metered in as the fleet difference after the first and second dewatering. It is thus possible to counteract the reduced concentration of the impregnation liquor in the treatment agent as a result of liquor dilution, caused by the moisture exchanged and introduced into the circuit, and also to remedy the reduction in the liquor volume resulting from excess liquor absorption by the goods. The measures required for this can be such that a freshly prepared liquor additive or several of different compositions are mixed in parallel and synchronously with the used circulation liquor or that - depending on the requirements to be taken into account - a freshly prepared liquor additive is first added to it and then in the direction of flow of the liquor cycle after a sufficient mixing section, one or more further such liquor replenishers of the same or different composition are metered into it.

As already mentioned, the distribution chassis (10) is used for an intimate mixing of the treatment agent preparations, in particular dyes and / or chemicals, fed in from the fleet refill or storage vessels (12) with the used circulation liquor and then for a supply of the thus strengthened liquor that is uniform over the width to the impregnation trough (4). Due to the moisture quantity control based on the measured values at (3 a) and (3 b), a uniform impregnation liquor consumption and thus the application of a constant amount of dye and / or chemicals on the goods ensured throughout the treatment phase. This consumption of impregnation liquor by the textile goods is counteracted by the activity of the metering pump (8) in such a way that the proportioning of the inflow rates continuously maintains a constant concentration of the impregnation liquor in dye and / or chemicals and, as a result, also with changing product speeds Uniformly impregnated or dyed goods over length and width. To achieve this, the concentrated make-up liquor contains as much dye and / or chemicals as is taken from the product in the impregnation bath.

The sequence of the method according to the invention can expediently be controlled via a control device (13) such as a process computer, by relating the known or measured process parameters (actual value) to the setpoint (e.g. the specified fleet order) and converting them into control signals (manipulated variable). As a result of such a process, the fleet difference values continuously determined by the two measuring points (3a) and (3b) can advantageously be used to control the output of the circulation pump (7), i.e. the number of circulations of the impregnation liquor in the unit of time, and / or the output of the metering pump (8), i.e. of the metered quantities. On the other hand, the performance of the metering pump can also be controlled by means of a level controller (not shown) for the fleet in the impregnation trough (4). Likewise, with the aid of such a control device (13), the control of the speed of the goods as a function of the squeezing pressure of the two drainage elements (2 a) and (2 b) is provided.

According to the present invention there is a very good exchange of those carried in by the wet goods Moisture is achieved against the impregnation liquor containing the treatment agent. Due to the circulation of the liquor, the same concentration of impregnating agent is always available for the application process. The penetration of the goods through the liquor ensures that they are evenly distributed over the cross-section of the textile web and the dosage of fresh liquor preparations into the circulation takes into account that the fiber material is treated at the same end.

The device according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. The figure shown is a schematic representation of the side view of a _K ontinuestraße, according to which is provided for the _F Lotte exchange according to the suction principle a sieve drum. The reference symbols used here are identical to the numbers used for this purpose in the text above.

The new impregnation process is suitable for practically all finishing processes, such as Mercerizing, dyeing, applying all finishing chemicals such as finishing agents, antistatic agents or high-quality finishing agents, etc.

According to the method according to the invention, all dye classes, but also other finishing agents, can be applied to textile webs of all fiber materials suitable for continuous operation. Here, the wet textile material can be woven, knitted, felt, fleece, parallel yarn, cable or sliver and consist of textile fibers of any kind. The applied treatment agents are then fixed or developed according to the working methods customary for the products in question, for example by simple storage at room temperature or vapors or hot air treatment and other methods. The claimed ver driving is therefore not subject to any reservations in this regard.

In the case of order fleets, all that needs to be taken into account is that restrictions may arise regarding the solubility of various products. Such a fact must be taken into account when measuring the order difference.

The order fleets can have all the necessary aids such as Alkalis, acids, leveling agents, solubilizers, etc. also without restriction - except where appropriate their solubility and ionogenicity - are added.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. The percentages given therein are percentages by weight, unless stated otherwise, and in the case of textile material relate to the weight of the dry goods.

example 1

• Auf einem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasses _Zellwoll- gewebe auf 70 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht. Sodann wird die Textilbahn auf einer Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 12 bis 14 mit Natronlauge imprägniert, indem man sie in ausgebreiteter Form über einen in die Behandlungsflüssigkeit getauchten, unter Saugzug stehenden Siebzylinder führt und zugleich eine wäßrige Natronlauge mit einem Litergehalt von 250 g Ätznatron durch die laufende Ware saugt. Danach wird das Behandlungsgut auf einem zweiten Foulard auf 90 % Feuchtigkeitsgehalt entwässert. Während dieser Behandlungsoperation hat sich die durchgesaugte Natronlauge mit der auf der Ware vorhandenen Feuchte verdünnt und wird durch fortlaufendes Zudosieren von Nachsatzflotte aus hochkonzentrierter Natronlauge immer wieder auf die Anwendungskonzentration von 250 g/1 Ätznatron gebracht. Dieser Konzentrationsausgleich erfolgt automatisch über eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 17. Das Zellwollgewebe ist nun mit 50 g/kg Ätznatron gleichmäßig imprägniert, dadurch wird ein sehr gleichmäßiger Laugiereffekt des Zellwollgewebes erreicht..

Leaching moist cellulose tissue:

• On a first padding a water-wet _Z is ellwoll- fabric squeezed to 70% residual moisture. Then the textile web is impregnated on a device according to claims 12 to 14 with sodium hydroxide solution by spreading it over a sieve cylinder immersed in the treatment liquid and under suction and at the same time passing an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a liter content of 250 g caustic soda through the current Goods sucks. The material to be treated is then dewatered to 90% moisture content on a second padder. During this treatment operation, the soaked-up sodium hydroxide solution has diluted with the moisture present on the goods and is continuously brought up to the application concentration of 250 g / 1 caustic soda by continuously metering in make-up liquor from highly concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. This concentration equalization takes place automatically via a device according to claim 17. The cellular wool fabric is now evenly impregnated with 50 g / kg caustic soda, thereby achieving a very uniform leaching effect of the cellular wool tissue.

Example 2

• Die Behandlungsoperation erfolgt analog Beispiel 1. Auf dem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasser Baumwollpopeline auf 53 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und im Verlauf der nachfolgenden Passage durch ein Imprägnierbad mit wäßriger Natronlauge getränkt, wobei man zur Aufrechterhaltung der Alkalikonzentration in der Flotte pro kg der Ware weitere Lauge enthaltend 766 g NaOH fest je Liter Wasser zudosiert. Nach dem Abquetschen auf dem zweiten Foulard auf 80 % Restfeuchte wird auf dem Behandlungsgut eine Flottenaufnahme entsprechend 252 g/kg NaOH fest ermittelt. Unmittelbar nach dem zweiten Abquetschen wird die Ware einer üblichen Mercerisiermaschine zugeführt. Es wird ein sehr gleichmäßiger Mercerisiereffekt über Länge und Breite des Behandlungsgutes erreicht.

Mercerizing damp cotton fabric:

• The treatment operation is carried out analogously to Example 1. On the first foulard, a water-wet cotton poplin is squeezed off to 53% residual moisture and soaked in the course of the following passage through an impregnation bath with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, containing further alkali per kg of the goods to maintain the alkali concentration in the liquor 766 g NaOH solid per liter of water added. After squeezing to 80% residual moisture on the second padder, a liquor absorption corresponding to 252 g / kg NaOH is firmly determined on the material to be treated. Immediately after the second squeezing, the goods are fed to a conventional mercerizing machine. A very even mercerizing effect is achieved over the length and width of the material to be treated.

Example 3

• Auf einem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasser Baumwollkaliko auf 55 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und analog Beispiel 1 der Imprägnierung unterworfen. Die Beschickung des Imprägnierbades findet hier durch Zudosieren von 100 cm³ pro kg Ware einer Mischung aus 240 g/1 Kochsalz und 88 cm3/1 Natronlauge (32,5 %), gelöst in Wasser, und 150 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 80 g/1 des Farbstoffes Reactive Blue 19 mit der C.I.-Nr. 61200 enthält, statt. Auf dem Färbegut erzielt man dabei einen _Flottenauftrag entsprechend 12 g/kg des Farbstoffes sowie der zum Fixieren erforderlichen Menge (24 g/kg Kochsalz und 8,8 cm³/kg Natronlauge von 32,5 %)an _Fixierchemikalien, wenn nachfolgend an den Imprägniervorgang die Ware mit 80 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht wird. Anschließend wird das so behandelte Textilgut aufgedockt und während 6 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur verweilt. Nach dem Auswaschen des überschüssigen Alkalis und von nicht fixiertem Farbstoff erhält man eine gleichmäßige Blaufärbung.

Dyeing with reactive dyes using the short dwell process:

• In a first foulard, a water-wet cotton calico is squeezed to 55% residual moisture and subjected to the impregnation as in Example 1. The impregnation bath is charged by metering 100 cm ³ per kg of goods into a mixture of 240 g / 1 sodium chloride and 88 cm3 / 1 sodium hydroxide solution (32.5%), dissolved in water, and 150 cm ³ per kg of goods in an aqueous solution , the 80 g / 1 of the dye Reactive Blue 19 with the CI no. 61200 contains instead. In the dyed material is obtained thereby a _F Lotte order corresponding to 12 g / kg of the dye as well as the amount required for fixing (24 g / kg sodium chloride and 8.8 cm ³ / kg of sodium hydroxide solution of 32.5%) of _F ixierchemikalien when subsequently to the product is squeezed off with 80% residual moisture during the impregnation process. The textile material treated in this way is then docked and held for 6 hours at room temperature. After the excess alkali and unfixed dye have been washed out, a uniform blue color is obtained.

Example 4

• Zur Färbung verfährt man gemäß der Arbeitsweise von Beispiel 3. Auf dem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasser Baumwollkaliko auf 55 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und man läßt die Warenbahn sodann ein Imprägnierbad durchlaufen, das durch Zudosierung von 100 cm³ pro kg Ware einer Mischung aus 400 cm³/1 Wasserglas von 38°Bé und 280 cm³/1 Natronlauge (32,5 %) und 150 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 853 g/1 des Farbstoffes Reactive Black 5 mit der C.I.-Nr. 20505 in einer 50-%igen flüssigen Form (= 25 % Reinfarbstoff) enthält, auf gleichbleibende _Behandlungsmittelkonzentration eingestellt ist. Im Rahmen dieser Maßnahmen erhält man auf den Färbegut einen Flottenauftrag von 128 g/kg des Farbstoffes und der zum Fixieren erforderlichen Menge Alkali, sofern nachfolgend an den Imprägniervorgang die Ware mit 80 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht wird. Anschließend wird die so behandelte Textilbahn aufgedockt und zur Farbstoff-Fixierung während 6 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur verweilt. Nachfolgend werden das überschüssige Alkali und der nicht fixierte Farbstoff von der gefärbten Ware ausgewaschen. Man erhält eine Schwarzfärbung.

Dyeing with reactive dyes using the short dwell process:

• The dyeing is carried out in accordance with the procedure of Example 3. The first padder becomes water-wet Cotton calico squeezed to 55% residual moisture and allowing the web then passed through, which by addition of 100 cm ³ per kg product a mixture of 400 ^cm3 / 1 Water glass of 38 ° Bé and 280 ^cm3 / 1N sodium hydroxide (32.5 an impregnating %) and 150 cm ³ per kg of an aqueous solution containing 853 g / 1 of the dye Reactive Black 5 with the CI no. 20505 dissolved in a 50% liquid form (= 25% of pure dye) which is set to constant _B ehandlungsmittelkonzentration. In the course of these measures, a liquor application of 128 g / kg of the dye and the amount of alkali required for fixing is obtained on the material to be dyed, provided that the product is squeezed off with 80% residual moisture after the impregnation process. The textile web treated in this way is then docked and held for 6 hours at room temperature for dye fixation. Subsequently, the excess alkali and the unfixed dye are washed out of the dyed goods. A black color is obtained.

Example 5

• Auf einem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasser mercerisierter Baumwollkaliko auf 55 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht. Die anschließende Passage durch das Imprägnierbad erfolgt wie in Beispiel 1, wobei man unter Zudosierung von 100 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung von 80 g/l Natriumcarbonat kalz. und 150 cm³ je kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 53,3 g/1 des Reaktivfarbstoffes mit der Formel
  
  enthält, für gleichbleibende Konzentrationsverhältnisse an den Flottenbestandteilen Sorge trägt. Durch die Imprägnierung und das nachfolgend durchgcführte zweite Abquetschen auf 80 % Restfeuchte wird auf dem Färbegut ein Flottenauftrag entsprechend 8 g/kg des Farbstoffes und der zur Fixierung erforderlichen Menge von 8 g/kg Natriumcarbonat kalz. sichergestellt. Anschließend wird die Ware aufgedockt und zur Farbstoff-Fixierung während 10 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur verweilt. Nach dem Auswaschen des überschüssigen Alkalis und von nicht fixiertem Farbstoff erhält man eine Orangefärbung.

Dyeing with reactive dyes using the short dwell process:

• On a first foulard, a water-wet mercerized cotton calico is squeezed to 55% residual moisture. The subsequent passage through the impregnation bath takes place as in Example 1, with the addition of 100 cm ³ per kg of goods of an aqueous solution of 80 g / l sodium carbonate. and 150 cm ³ per kg of goods of an aqueous solution, the 53.3 g / 1 of the reactive dye with the formula
  
  contains, ensures constant concentration ratios of the fleet components. Due to the impregnation and the subsequent second squeezing to 80% residual moisture, a liquor application corresponding to 8 g / kg of the dye and the amount of 8 g / kg of sodium carbonate required for fixing is calcined on the material to be dyed. ensured. The goods are then docked and held for 10 hours at room temperature for dye fixation. After the excess alkali and unfixed dye have been washed out, an orange color is obtained.

Example 6

• Zur Färbung verfährt man maschinenmäßig wie in Beispiel 1. Auf dem ersten Foulard wird ein nasser mercerisicrtcr Baumwollkaliko auf 55 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und sodann unter Tränken durch ein Imprägnierbad geführt, in dem durch Zudosierung von 100 cm³ pro kg Ware einer Mischung aus 240 g/1 Kochsalz und 96 cm³/1 Natronlauge (32,5 %), gelöst in Wasser, und 150 cm³ je kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 106,7 g/1 des Farbstoffes Reactive Violet 5 mit der C.I.-Nr. 18097 enthält, eine konstante Konzentration an den Behandungsmitteln sichergestellt ist. Auf diese Weise wird auf dem Färbegut durch die Imprägnierung und das nachfolgende Abquetschen auf 80 % Restfeuchte ein Flottenauftrag von 16 g/kg des Farbstoffes und der zur Fixierung erforderlichen Menge von 24 g/kg NaCl und 9,6 cm³/kg Natronlauge (32,5 %) erreicht. Nach dem zweiten Abquetschen wird die Warenbahn ohne Zwischentrocknung zur Farbstoff-Fixierung in einem Dämpfer während 60 Sekunden bei 105°C gedämpft. Ab-schließend wird von der gefärbten Textilbahn der nicht fixierte Farbstoff und die überschüssigen Chemikalien ausgewaschen. Man erhält eine lebhafte violette Färbung.

Dyeing with reactive dyes by one-bath Naßdämpf liabilities _- drive:

• The dyeing process is carried out mechanically as in Example 1. On the first padder, a wet mercerisicrtcr cotton calico is squeezed to 55% residual moisture and then passed through an impregnation bath with impregnation, in which a mixture of 240 g / kg of product is added by adding 100 cm ³ per kg. 1 sodium chloride and 96 cm ^3/1 sodium hydroxide (32,5%), dissolved in water and 150 cm ³ per kg of product of an aqueous solution containing 106.7 g / 1 of the dye Reactive Violet 5 with the CI no. 18097 contains, a constant concentration of the treatment means is ensured. In this way, by impregnation and subsequent squeezing to 80% residual moisture, a liquor application of 16 g / kg of the dye and the amount of 24 g / kg NaCl and 9.6 cm ³ / kg of sodium hydroxide solution required for fixation (32 , 5%) was reached. After the second squeezing, the web is steamed in a steamer for 60 seconds at 105 ° C. without intermediate drying for dye fixation. Finally, the non-fixed dye and the excess chemicals are removed from the dyed textile web washed out. A vivid violet color is obtained.

Example 7

• Auf einem ersten Entwässerungsaggregat wird ein wassernasser Zellwollmusseline auf 63 % Restfeuchte abgesaugt. Den so entwässerten Zellwollmusseline läßt man nun ein Imprägnierbad passieren, dem pro kg durchgeleiteten Farbgutes fortlaufend 100 cm³ einer wäßrigen Lösung von 80 g/1 Soda kalz. und 150 cm³ einer wäßrigen Lösung von 80 g/1 des Farbstoffes Reactive Orange 16 mit der C.I.-Nr. 17757 zudosiert werden. Hierbei wird die Flotte unter Zuhilfenahme einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 15 durch das Zellwollgewebe gedrückt, entsprechend den obigen Angaben durch den Nachsatz wieder aufgestärkt und erneut dem Imprägniertrog zugeführt. Die imprägnierte Ware wird schließlich auf 88 % Restfeuchte abgesaugt und zur Farbstoff-Fixierung in einer Pad-Roll-Anlage auf 70°C aufgeheizt, auf eine Docke aufgerollt und während 3 Stunden bei 70°C Naßtemperatur sowie 72°C Trockentemperatur verweilt. Danach werden das überschüssige Alkali und der nicht fixierte Farbstoff aus dem gefärbten Textilgut ausgewaschen. Man erhält eine Orangefärbung.

Dyeing with reactive dyes using the pad-roll process:

• On a first dewatering unit, a water-wet cellulose muslin is sucked off to 63% residual moisture. The so dehydrated cell wool muslins is now allowed to pass an impregnating bath, the feed-through per kg good color continuously 100 cm ³ padded an aqueous solution of 80 g / 1 soda. and 150 cm ^{3 of} an aqueous solution of 80 g / 1 of the dye Reactive Orange 16 with the CI no. 17757 be metered. In this case, the liquor is pressed through the cellular wool fabric with the aid of a device according to claim 15, strengthened again by the additive in accordance with the above information and fed again to the impregnation trough. The impregnated product is finally suctioned off to 88% residual moisture and heated to 70 ° C. for dye fixation in a pad-roll system, rolled up on a dock and held for 3 hours at 70 ° C. wet temperature and 72 ° C. dry temperature. The excess alkali and the unfixed dye are then washed out of the dyed textile. An orange color is obtained.

Example 8

• Auf der ersten Entwässerungsmaschine wird ein wassernasser Baumwollpopeline auf 53 % Restfeuchte entwässert. Die Imprägnierung in einem 20°C warmen Imprägnierbad erfolgt wie in Beispiel 7, das Bad wird in diesem Falle jedoch durch Zudosierung von 200 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung kontinuierlich beschickt, die 4 g/1 des Farbstoffes Solubilised Vat Blue 6 mit der C.I.-Nr. 69826, 28 g/1 Natriumnitrit und 3,5 g/1 Natriumcarbonat enthält. Während dieser Maßnahme erzielt man auf dem Färbegut durch die Imprägnierung und das nachfolgende Entwässern auf 73 % Restfeuchte einen Behandlungsmittelauftrag von 0,8 g/kq der Leukoverbindung, 5,6 g/kg Natriumnitrit und 0,7 g/kg Natriumcarbonat kalz. Nach dem Entwässern wird die imprägnierte Ware während 30 Sekunden einem Luftgang bei Raumtemperatur ausgesetzt und anschließend zur Farbstoff-Entwicklung in ein 70°C warmes, wäßriges Entwicklungsbad eingetaucht, das
  
  enthält, sowie 2 Sekunden darin belassen, gefolgt von einem Abquetschen und einem weiteren Luftgang von 30 Sekunden. Nach dem Luftgang wird das so gefärbte Textilgut gespült, mit Natriumcarbonat neutralisiert und bei 98°C während 10 Minuten geseift. Man erhält eine Hellblaufärbung.

Coloring with leuco vat ester dyes:

• A water-wet cotton poplin is dewatered to 53% residual moisture on the first dewatering machine. The impregnation in a 20 ° C. impregnation bath is carried out as in Example 7, but in this case the bath is continuously charged with the addition of 200 cm ³ per kg of goods to an aqueous solution which is 4 g / l of the dye Solubilised Vat Blue 6 with the CI no. 69826, contains 28 g / 1 sodium nitrite and 3.5 g / 1 sodium carbonate. During this measure, a treatment agent application of 0.8 g / kq of the leuco compound, 5.6 g / kg sodium nitrite and 0.7 g / kg sodium carbonate is achieved on the material to be dyed by impregnation and the subsequent dewatering to 73% residual moisture. After dewatering, the impregnated product is exposed to an air passage at room temperature for 30 seconds and then immersed in a 70 ° C. warm, aqueous development bath for dye development
  
  contains, as well as leave in it for 2 seconds, followed by a squeeze and another air passage of 30 seconds. After passing through the air, the textile material thus dyed is rinsed, neutralized with sodium carbonate and soaped at 98 ° C. for 10 minutes. A light blue color is obtained.

Example 9

• Auf einem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernässes gebleichtes Baumwollfrottiergewebe auf 60 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und entsprechend Beispiel 1 der Imprägnierung unterzogen. Die Beschickung des 20°C warmen Imprägnierbades erfolgt hier durch Zudosierung von 200 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Flotte, die 100 g/1 des Farbstoffes Vat Red 14 mit der C.I.-Nr. 71110 enthält. Bei diesem Vorgehen wird auf das Färbegut durch die Imprägnierung und das nachfolgende Abquetschen auf 80 % Restfeuchte eine Konzentration von 20 g/kg des Farbstoffes aufgebracht. Nach Verlassen des zweiten Foulards passiert die Textilbahn einen Tauchtrog, der zwecks Verküpung eine wäßrige Flotte von 20°C mit den folgenden Chemikalienmengen
  
  enthält, und nimmt von dieser Flotte so viel auf, daß letztlich insgesamt 110 % Restfeuchte auf der Ware vorhanden sind, wenn diese sofort nach dem Tränken mit der Chemikalienflotte in einen Dämpfer eingeführt wird. Während 60 Sekunden wird nun die Imprägnierung bei 102°C gedämpft, worauf man dieselbe 15 Sekunden lang ein kaltes Wasserbad zum Spülen durchlaufen läßt. Danach wird auf dem Fasermaterial durch Oxidation bei 50°C mittels 6 cm³/l Wasserstoffperoxid (35 %) im natronalkalischen, wäßrigen Bad bei pH 9,5 während 30 Sekunden der Küpenfarbstoff entwickelt, gefolgt von einem kochenden Seifen der so hergestellten Färbung. Man erhält einen Scharlachton auf dem Frottiergewebe.

Coloring with vat dyes:

• In a first foulard, a water-wet bleached cotton terry fabric is squeezed to 60% residual moisture and subjected to the impregnation in accordance with Example 1. The 20 ° C impregnating bath is charged by metering in 200 cm ³ per kg of an aqueous liquor containing 100 g / l of the Vat Red 14 dye with the CI no. 71110 contains. In this procedure, the material to be dyed is impregnated and then squeezed to 80% residual moisture a concentration of 20 g / kg of the dye applied. After leaving the second foulard, the textile web passes a diving trough which, for the purpose of linking, an aqueous liquor of 20 ° C. with the following amounts of chemicals
  
  contains, and absorbs so much of this fleet that ultimately a total of 110% residual moisture is present on the goods if this is introduced into a damper immediately after soaking with the chemical fleet. The impregnation is then steamed at 102 ° C. for 60 seconds, after which it is run through a cold water bath for rinsing for 15 seconds. The vat dye is then developed on the fiber material by oxidation at 50 ° C. using 6 cm ³ / l hydrogen peroxide (35%) in a sodium-alkaline, aqueous bath at pH 9.5 for 30 seconds, followed by boiling soaping the dye thus produced. You get a scarlet tone on the terry cloth.

Example 10

• Auf dem ersten Foulard wird ein wassernasser gebleichter Baumwollrenforce auf 55 % Restfeuchte abgequetscht und sodann wie in Beispiel 1 in einem 20°C warmen Imprägnierbad getränkt, wobei man unter Zudosieren von 250 cm³ pro kg Ware einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 10 g/1 des Farbstoffes Direct Red 81 mit der C.I.-Nr. 28160 enthält, für einen gleichbleibenden Farbstoffgehalt in der Flotte Sorge trägt. Auf diese Weise wird auf dem Färbegut durch die Imprägnierung und das Abquetschen auf 80 % Restfeuchte eine Konzentration von 2,5 g/kg des Farbstoffes erreicht. Nach dem zweiten Abquetschen wird die imprägnierte Ware auf eine Docke gewickelt und verweilt dort zur Farbstoff-Fixierung 2 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur. Nur oberflächlich auf der Faser haftender Farbstoff wird sodann durch ein Spülen von 30 Sekunden mit Wasser bei 30°C auf einer Kontinuewaschmaschine entfernt. Man erhält eine Rotfärbung.

Dyeing with direct dyes:

• In the first padding a water-wet bleached Baumwollrenforce is squeezed to 55% residual moisture and then as in Example 1 in a 20 ° C warm impregnating impregnated, eluting under metered addition of 250 cm ³ per kg product an aqueous solution containing 10 g / 1 of Direct Red 81 dye with CI no. 28160 contains, ensures a constant dye content in the fleet. In this way, on the material to be dyed the impregnation and squeezing to 80% residual moisture reaches a concentration of 2.5 g / kg of the dye. After the second squeezing, the impregnated goods are wound onto a dock and remain there for 2 hours at room temperature for dye fixation. Dye adhering only superficially to the fiber is then removed by rinsing for 30 seconds with water at 30 ° C. on a continuous washing machine. A red color is obtained.

Claims (18)

1. A process for the continuous, uniform application of aqueous impregnation liquors containing at least one treatment agent to water-wet, textile webs which have been partially dewatered from a previous wet treatment to a certain residual moisture content, the moisture content of which in the longitudinal and transverse directions to the goods run through an apparatus arrangement more than two measuring points across the web width before the application of the liquor and by means of a further measurement arrangement after the application of the liquor are determined continuously and without contact and in accordance therewith the moisture content is adjusted after a second dewatering in such a way that it is higher than after the first dewatering, characterized in that that the continuously moving, moist fabric web is passed in a spread form over a liquor exchange element when diving below the liquid level within an impregnation trough and the liquor order ag - continuously and evenly across the web width - by partially or completely replacing the moisture already present on the textile material with the help of suction or pressing through a circulating impregnation liquor and at the same time brings about the absorption of the respectively prescribed amount of liquor, after which the treatment agent is reduced Concentration of the same as a result of liquor dilution as well as the decrease in the liquor volume due to excess liquor absorption by the textile goods - depending on the liquor difference determined on the basis of the measured values after the first and second dewatering - by metering in freshly prepared liquor replenishments for strengthening or replenishment of used circulation fleet is compensated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulating impregnation liquor after addition by the additions is added as a part of the liquor cycle upstream of the impregnation trough distribution chassis distributed evenly over the width of the device. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the circulating impregnation liquor is thoroughly mixed after addition by the additions within the distribution chassis with the aid of mechanical means effective across the width of the device. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the circulating impregnation liquor after addition by the additions in the course of the liquor cycle from the upstream distribution chassis by means of an overflow evenly distributed over the width of the device gets into the impregnation trough. 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the speed of goods controls the number of circulations of the impregnation liquor in the time unit, taking into account the predetermined weight of goods within the fleet cycle. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the impregnating liquor is circulated with excess fleet throughput through the textile web. 7: Method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the used circulation liquor two or more fleet replenishers of different compositions are added. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the used circulation liquor is first metered in a liquor additive and then one or more additional liquor additive of the same or different composition are metered in the direction of flow of the liquor circuit after a sufficient mixing section. 9. The method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that taking into account the speed of the goods and the predetermined weight of the fleet caused by the textile goods controls the metered amounts of fleet replenishers to the circulation fleet. 10. The method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the impregnating liquors contain at least one colorant and / or finishing agent permanently remaining on the textile material. 11. The method according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the wet textile material as woven, knitted fabric, felt, fleece, parallel yarn, cable or sliver are present and can consist of textile fibers of any kind. 12. Apparatus for carrying out the method for the continuous, uniform application of aqueous impregnating liquors containing at least one treatment agent on water-wet, textile fabric webs according to claims 1 to 11, consisting of two consecutive in the running direction of the textile material, Drainage elements effective across the width of the web, in both cases combined with a downstream apparatus arrangement consisting of more than two measuring points distributed transversely to the flow of goods for non-contact determination of the moisture content brought along or the resulting liquor absorption in the longitudinal and transverse directions on the just previously dewatered, continuously moving web , characterized in that between the two drainage elements (2 a, 2 b) in the direction of travel of the textile web (1) an impregnation trough (4) with a liquor exchange element (5) attached therein below to replace the web conveyed on it in a spread form (1) moisture present against the sucked or pressed impregnation liquor and at the same time for application of the respectively specified amount of liquor is provided, an associated pipeline (6) together with built-in circulation pump (7) to form a circuit for the flowing impregnation liquor, _ a metering pump (8) connected to this pipeline (6) with supply lines for supplying the liquor circuit with freshly prepared liquor replenishments for strengthening or filling up used circulation liquor, and in the direction of flow below the connection for the metering pump (8) in the Circuit included mechanical means (9) for mixing used circulation liquor with the added fleet replenishers. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the means (9) for liquor mixing from a extending over the width of the impregnating trough, this upstream as part of the liquor circuit in the flow distribution chassis (10) exist, which is equipped with an equally wide overflow (11) in the impregnation trough (4). 14. The apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the liquor exchange element (5) consists of a sieve drum which can be displaced under suction or a suction slit. 15. The apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the liquor exchange element (5) consists of a screen drum which can be displaced from the outside under fleet pressure and the impregnation trough (4) is provided with a pressure-tight web inlet and web outlet. 16. Device according to claims 12 to 15, characterized in that a level controller for the fleet for controlling the performance of the metering pump (8) is provided in the impregnation trough (4). 17. Device according to claims 12 to 15, characterized in that a control device (13) for controlling the performance of the metering pump and / or the performance of the circulation pump (7) due to the two measuring points (3 a) and (3 b) fleet difference values determined for moisture measurement is provided. 18. Device according to claims 12 to 15, characterized in that a control device (13) for controlling the speed of the goods as a function of the squeezing pressure of the two dewatering elements (2 a) and (2 b) is provided.

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