EP0094759A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren von metallischen Gegenständen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren von metallischen Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0094759A2
EP0094759A2 EP83302487A EP83302487A EP0094759A2 EP 0094759 A2 EP0094759 A2 EP 0094759A2 EP 83302487 A EP83302487 A EP 83302487A EP 83302487 A EP83302487 A EP 83302487A EP 0094759 A2 EP0094759 A2 EP 0094759A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metalizing
chamber
powder
heated
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83302487A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0094759A3 (de
Inventor
Darryl Feder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inductalloy Corp
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Inductalloy Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inductalloy Corp filed Critical Inductalloy Corp
Publication of EP0094759A2 publication Critical patent/EP0094759A2/de
Publication of EP0094759A3 publication Critical patent/EP0094759A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the metalizing of metal bodies, such as bars and rods and tubes, so as to produce articles, such as chrome plated steel bars and rods, for such ultimate uses as shafts or pins, and chrome plated tubes.
  • chromium is a relatively expensive material, and chromium's use in various chemical baths means, by which chrome plating may be effected, is environmentally undesirable and/or difficult and expensive to control.
  • the problems with said prior technique are that there is both lack of accurate control of the thickness of the layer of the surface application material to the underlying body, and resultant lack of uniformity of the thickness of the layer that is applied by the torch heat. Furthermore, the minimum thickness of the layer of applied material usually obtained by metalizing with an open flame torch, working with powdered metal, is about .008 inches, and maximum thickness of layer of applied metal is about .015 inches, both of which thickness values are frequently much greater than the thickness of the applied material layer required to be supplied to meet the performance specifications for the metalized part, and this substantially increases the cost of manufacture.
  • a further problem is that when using fine particles of metalizing materials to form a fused surface on an underlying body, the torch heat intensity is frequently so great that it vaporizes, or burns away, a substantial quantity of the finest particles of the metalizing material, resulting in loss of material and economic waste.
  • One object of this invention is to provide an improved method for surface metalizing metal bars, rods and tubes in a manner to accurately control the thickness of metalizing surface applied to the underlying body.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for, and method of, surface metalizing bodies with a metalizing powder in a manner that substantially reduces the burn-up loss of the metalizing material.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for surface metalizing of bodies with chrome powder in a manner to provide an accurate control of the thickness of the metalizing layer applied, while simultaneously avoiding economic loss of metalizing powder through vaporization or burning.
  • a first induction coil is used to provide, as part of a first step, the heating of an axially moving body, such as a bar or rod or tube, to a selected pre-heat temperature; rotating the body while a powdered metalizing material is flooded. onto, or over, the pre-heated body to adheringly deposit a layer of metalizing material onto the body; and then fusing the powdered metalizing material to the body by induction heating the body with metalizing material adhering thereto, at a fusing temperature and in the presence of an inert gas, while recapturing, for later re-use, the non-deposited metalizing powder.
  • an axially moving body such as a bar or rod or tube
  • Figure 1 is a vertical, cross-sectional, view of one form of apparatus for practicing the process of this invention, and illustrating diagrammatically a preferred combination of means and apparatus, for effecting the practice of the process of this invention upon an elongated cylindrical body.
  • an elongated cylindrical bar 10 of steel, or the like, that is to be metalized is illustrated as being endless, the bar 10 usually will be of some finite length that is greater than the length of the treating apparatus illustrated.
  • the bar is to be advanced through the heating apparatus by means that moves the bar 10 axially, or longitudinally, while simultaneously rotating the bar 10.
  • Such an apparatus is well known in the art of movement of elongated bodies.
  • such an apparatus would include sets of opposed roller discs located both upstream (ahead of) and downstream (after) a station at which the bar is to be acted upon, with the sets of rollers constructed and arranged to at least support the bar at the elevation shown, relative to the region at which the bar is to be acted upon.
  • the two sets of roller discs would be arranged in an overlapping fashion so as to define a support region above the region of overlap, which would serve as a crotch to cradle the cylindrical body, and the discs would also be arranged so that their rotation would operate to move the cylindrical body axially while the cylindrical body also would be rotated about its longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, diagrammatically, a type of motion imparting means in the form of a set of inclined drive rollers 12 and 14, which are angled oppositely as shown, and each driven from a source of rotation, such as a power train, or by drive motors 13 and 15, to cause the rollers to purchase, or grip, the bar to cause it to move axially, or longitudinally in the direction of arrow 16, while simultaneously rotating the bar in the direction of arrow 18.
  • a source of rotation such as a power train
  • drive motors 13 and 15 to cause the rollers to purchase, or grip, the bar to cause it to move axially, or longitudinally in the direction of arrow 16, while simultaneously rotating the bar in the direction of arrow 18.
  • the metal bar 10 is shown moving from left to right through an enclosure, or chamber means, generally 20, which defines, and substantially encloses, an isolated treating chamber 22.
  • the chamber-defining means 20 includes a pair of spaced end walls, respectively entry wall 24 and exit wall 26, a top wall 28, a bottom wall 30 with oppositely sloping sections 30a and 30b, which pitch toward a central junction, and back and front walls, not seen in Fig. 1.
  • the back wall is spaced behind the drawing sheet and the front wall is spaced forwardly of the drawing sheet, as is understood in such illustrative drawings.
  • the entry wall 24 has a first, or entry, opening 25 therein.
  • the exit wall 26 has a second, or exit, opening 27 therein.
  • the leading end of the bar 10 moving from left to right enters the substantially enclosed treating chamber 32, that, is bounded by walls 24, 26, 28, and 30 and the back and front walls, through entry opening 25 and exits from chamber 32 through exit opening 27.
  • first heating means in the form of a first electrical induction helical heating coil located adjacent the entry opening 25 and surrounding a portion of metal bar 10.
  • the heating coil means 34 is of any type well known in the art for effecting induction heating in a metal body, such as a bar 10.
  • a second electrical induction, helical, heating coil means 36 is spaced from heating coil means 34, and is located adjacent the exit opening 27, and it surrounds the bar 10 at a point along that bar's travel that is before the bar leaves the treating chamber.
  • a typical counstruction for the first heating coil means 34, for use with a bar 10 of one inch (1") diameter is a 4-turn coil with an internal diameter (I.D.) of 1 and 3/16 inches, designed to provide a pre-heating, of the bar portion surrounded by coil means 34, to an initial temperature of about 900 degrees F.
  • the second heating coil means 36 is designed to provide an induction heating of the bar portion of one inch (1") diameter surrounded by coil means 36 to a chrome-fusing temperature of approximately 1800 degrees or more, as required, using a 6-turn coil with a 1 and 1/4 inch I.D.
  • the power consumed by heating coil means 36 is about 100 kilowatts at a frequency of 10 Khz.
  • the temperature 'developed by an induction heater is a function of the number of turns of the coil heater and its closeness to the body being heated.
  • the coils 34 and 36 are axially spaced and aligned relative to the bar 10 and its direction of movement, so that a pre-heated portion 10a of bar 10 passes through the surrounded core region of coil 36.
  • the pre-heated portion 10a of bar 10 is shown positioned between coils 34 and 36, in the course of its longitudinal movement.
  • the bar portion 10a is subject to an additional step of the process herein in the said region located between coils 34 and 36.
  • the region in which the exposed, pre-heated, bar portion 10a is located between coils 34 and 36 is positioned directly in the path of an upright, projected, flow passageway that is located within chamber 32, and which extends, in effect, between a discharge nozzle, or spout, 40 and a sump, or return, pipe 42. More specifically, there is provided upon the top wall 28 of chamber defining means 20, a reservoir, or supply tube, 44 from which flows a supply of a metalizing powder, P. The lower end of a reservoir 44 feeds into the upstream end of nozzle 40 whose interior is shaped, as shown, to form a tapered metering funnel 45 which terminates at its lower end in a constructed discharge opening 46.
  • the intake end of reservoir 44 is provided with a constant supply (not shown) of metalizing powder that feeds downwardly from reservoir 44 by gravity, aided by movement of a supply of gas under pressure toward discharge opening 46.
  • An upstream portion of reservoir tube 44 is provided with a laterally extending connection tube 48 through which is supplied pressurized gas from a source (not shown). Pressurizing gas may also be supplied through reservoir 44 from its inlet end.
  • the gas used for aiding flow of the metalizing powder from funnel discharge opening 46 downwardly across the bar portion 10a is a non-oxidizing gas, such as nitrogen, or a rare gas selected from the group that includes neon and argon.
  • the gas is nitrogen under 5 p.s.i. pressure in excess of atmospheric pressure, and pre-heated to a temperature of at least 900 degrees F.
  • the entire interior of treating chamber 32 is also supplied by nitrogen at elevated temperature of at least 900 degrees E., supplied through an inlet tube 49 through the top chamber wall 28.
  • the metalizing powder 46, and the impelling and entraining nitrogen gas that discharges through opening 46 then flows, as a stream of fluid which entrains metalizing powder 46 and which washes over, or bathes, the pre-heated bar portion 10a with metalizing powder.
  • the heat of the pre-heated bar portion 10a operates to cause the metalizing powder 46 in the stream of fluid to adhere, or cling, to the pre-heated surface of the bar, and since the bar 10 is being continuously rotated, a continuous coating of clinging powder is provided on bar portion 10a.
  • the sump, or return, pipe 42 is positioned on the intake side of a diaphragm-type pump (not shown), as is available for use in a flowing gas-particle recovery system.
  • the axially moving bar 10 operates to move bar portion 10a into and through the open core of heating coil 36, where an increased induced temperature, in excess of approximately 1800 degrees F., effected in bar portion 10a operates to fuse the clinging powder 46 to the bar ' position 10a to form a continuous metalized surface on bar 10.
  • the fused, metalized, bar portion is designated at 10b.
  • alloys sold by Colmbnoy Corporation of Detroit, Michigan have been employed in metalizing bars and tubes.
  • Colmonoy Alloy Nos. 62 and 63 having a Rockwell Hardness (C Scale) of 58-63 and a specific gravity of 7.8, have a melting point of 1875 degrees F.
  • Other alloy numbers have greater specific gravity values and higher melting point temperatures to a maximum of about 2250 degrees F.
  • metalized bar portion 10b with fused surface exits the chamber 32 through exit opening 27, said metalized bar portion is caused to pass through a water quench station 50 in the form of a ring, or annulus, from which one or more streams of cooling water are projected inwardly and directed against the metalized surface of metalized bar portion 10b.
  • the use of this invention has the capability of providing a metalized surface of a thickness between .002 - .015 inches. It will be observed that the minimum thickness of the metalized surface, or layer, provided by practice of this invention is as small as about 1/4 of the minimum thickness that could be achieved through use of the prior art, torch, technique discussed above, and this leads to a substantial economy in use * of metalizing powder, the cost of which is presently about $6. - $8. per pound.
  • the metalized bar portion After the metalized bar portion has been quenched and cooled, the metalized bar may be cut into axial lengths as desired to provide bar segments for further finishing operations by subsequent machining or other operations.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
EP83302487A 1982-05-03 1983-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren von metallischen Gegenständen Withdrawn EP0094759A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37428282A 1982-05-03 1982-05-03
US374282 1982-05-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0094759A2 true EP0094759A2 (de) 1983-11-23
EP0094759A3 EP0094759A3 (de) 1984-03-28

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EP83302487A Withdrawn EP0094759A3 (de) 1982-05-03 1983-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren von metallischen Gegenständen

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EP (1) EP0094759A3 (de)
AU (1) AU1416783A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119095A3 (de) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-23 Inductalloy Corporation Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren der inneren Oberflächen von Metallkörpern wie etwa Rohre
EP0247582A1 (de) * 1986-05-28 1987-12-02 Gec Alsthom Sa Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Schutzschicht aus Kobalt-Chrom-Wolfram auf eine Turbinenschaufel aus einer Vanadium enthaltenden Titanlegierung sowie schutzbeschichtete Schaufel
WO1999000534A1 (de) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-07 Firma Hermann Heye Verfahren zum erzeugen einer hartschicht auf werkzeugen, vorrichtung zum induktiven sintern oder einschmelzen von hartschichten auf pressstempeln oder pegeln sowie pressstempel und pegel zur herstellung von hohlglas
WO2001034875A1 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-17 Koncentra Verkstads Ab Method and device for providing a layer to a piston ring
FR2822727A1 (fr) * 2001-04-03 2002-10-04 Gesal Ind Procede d'application d'un revetement resistant aux hautes temperatures, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et objet pourvu dudit revetement
DE10102991C2 (de) * 2000-02-19 2003-11-20 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Einrichtung zum Aufheizen eines Werkstücks aus Metall
CN104911521A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2015-09-16 绵阳快典科技有限公司 一种内孔避位的钢管涂布镀锌装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2803559A (en) * 1954-03-25 1957-08-20 Coast Metals Inc Method and apparatus for applying powdered hard surfacing alloy with induction heating
US3436244A (en) * 1965-06-29 1969-04-01 Gen Motors Corp Fusion coating of metal articles
GB1177729A (en) * 1967-04-10 1970-01-14 Fritz Maak Method and Apparatus for the production of Zinc Coatings
DE1929153A1 (de) * 1969-06-09 1970-12-17 Friedrich Heck Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feuerverzinnen,Feuerverbleien,Feuerkadmieren od.dgl.
GB1499978A (en) * 1973-10-31 1978-02-01 Glacier Metal Co Ltd Method of making multi-layer bearing strip

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119095A3 (de) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-23 Inductalloy Corporation Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Metallisieren der inneren Oberflächen von Metallkörpern wie etwa Rohre
EP0247582A1 (de) * 1986-05-28 1987-12-02 Gec Alsthom Sa Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Schutzschicht aus Kobalt-Chrom-Wolfram auf eine Turbinenschaufel aus einer Vanadium enthaltenden Titanlegierung sowie schutzbeschichtete Schaufel
FR2599384A1 (fr) * 1986-05-28 1987-12-04 Alsthom Procede de pose d'un revetement protecteur cobalt-chrome-tungstene sur une aube en alliage de titane comportant du vanadium et aube ainsi revetue
US4839237A (en) * 1986-05-28 1989-06-13 Alsthom Method of laying a cobalt-chromium-tungsten protective coating on a blade made of a tungsten alloy including vanadium, and a blade coated thereby
WO1999000534A1 (de) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-07 Firma Hermann Heye Verfahren zum erzeugen einer hartschicht auf werkzeugen, vorrichtung zum induktiven sintern oder einschmelzen von hartschichten auf pressstempeln oder pegeln sowie pressstempel und pegel zur herstellung von hohlglas
US6600130B1 (en) 1999-11-09 2003-07-29 Koncentra Verkstads Ab Method and device for providing a layer to a piston ring
WO2001034875A1 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-17 Koncentra Verkstads Ab Method and device for providing a layer to a piston ring
DE10102991C2 (de) * 2000-02-19 2003-11-20 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Einrichtung zum Aufheizen eines Werkstücks aus Metall
US6677560B2 (en) 2000-02-19 2004-01-13 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Apparatus for inductively heating a workpiece
US6689995B2 (en) 2000-02-19 2004-02-10 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Apparatus and method for healing a workpiece of metal
WO2002081773A1 (fr) * 2001-04-03 2002-10-17 Gesal Industrie S.A. Procede d'application d'un revetement resistant aux hautes temperatures, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et objet pourvu dudit revetement
FR2822727A1 (fr) * 2001-04-03 2002-10-04 Gesal Ind Procede d'application d'un revetement resistant aux hautes temperatures, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et objet pourvu dudit revetement
CN104911521A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2015-09-16 绵阳快典科技有限公司 一种内孔避位的钢管涂布镀锌装置
CN104911521B (zh) * 2013-12-05 2017-06-20 甘肃天和力德管道制造有限公司 一种内孔避位的钢管涂布镀锌装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0094759A3 (de) 1984-03-28
AU1416783A (en) 1983-12-01

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