EP0096823B1 - Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Wärme aus Rauchgasen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Wärme aus Rauchgasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096823B1
EP0096823B1 EP83105567A EP83105567A EP0096823B1 EP 0096823 B1 EP0096823 B1 EP 0096823B1 EP 83105567 A EP83105567 A EP 83105567A EP 83105567 A EP83105567 A EP 83105567A EP 0096823 B1 EP0096823 B1 EP 0096823B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
flue gases
heat
heat transfer
condensate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105567A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0096823A2 (de
EP0096823A3 (en
Inventor
Winfried Prof. Dr.-Ing. Buschulte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority to AT83105567T priority Critical patent/ATE12543T1/de
Publication of EP0096823A2 publication Critical patent/EP0096823A2/de
Publication of EP0096823A3 publication Critical patent/EP0096823A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096823B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096823B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F28D21/0007—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for recovering heat from flue gases, in which the flue gases are brought into contact with a coolant in a heat exchanger via heat transfer surfaces, thereby partially condensing the components of the flue gas and draining off the condensate.
  • This object is achieved in a method of the type described at the outset by passing the flue gases essentially vertically from bottom to top along at least one continuous heat transfer surface through the heat exchanger by choosing the length of the heat exchanger and / or the temperature of the coolant in such a way that the condensation occurs in the upper area of the heat exchanger and that the resulting condensate flows out in the form of a liquid film on the heat transfer surfaces opposite to the flue gas flow.
  • the hot flue gas is therefore introduced from below into flue gas heat exchanger channels arranged vertically between the heat transfer surfaces and conducted upwards with cooling. From a certain height, the wall temperature takes on a value which is below the boiling temperature of the water-acid mixture, so that from this point onwards a liquid film forms, because water and acid increasingly condense. The result is an acid with a very low concentration (approx. 750 mg acid per 1 liter water). Due to the vertical arrangement of the heat exchanger surfaces and the vertical guidance of the flue gas, the condensate flows away from the flue gas flow and also wets the heat exchanger walls below, which would normally remain dry due to the still high flue gas temperatures.
  • the weakly concentrated condensate flowing down the heat exchanger surface prevents deposits and incrustations from forming in the area of the dew point limit. These usually occur in the dew point range in that the boiling points of water on the one hand and sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid on the other are different (water 373 K, sulfuric acid 611 K). For this reason, the sulfuric acid normally condenses at a lower point than the water, so that highly concentrated liquid acid initially forms in the transition region. However, the condensate generated above this critical area flows downward in the opposite direction to the flue gas flow and rinses off and dilutes the condensed sulfuric acid and the condensed sulfuric acid in this critical area. This rinsing effect effectively prevents deposits and incrustation in this area.
  • the overheated flue gas in the lower part of the heat exchanger evaporates part of the falling film again and entrains it in its upward movement.
  • the flue gas is cooled to the thaw temperature more quickly due to the removal of heat of vaporization and the supply of water vapor. Mixing with the water vapor promotes heat transfer to the heat transfer surfaces via mass transfer.
  • the condensate is finally cooled well by the long path along the wall before it is completely drained off at the bottom of the heat exchanger.
  • the gases emerging from the heat exchanger are further cooled in the evaporator of a heat pump and the condensate which is formed is allowed to flow from top to bottom over the heat exchanger to flush the heat transfer surfaces.
  • This additional flushing with the condensate recovered reinforces the advantageous effects explained above, which occur when the condensate trickles down on the heat transfer surfaces.
  • the residual gas heat exchanger shown in the drawing has an outer wall 1 which surrounds the actual heat exchanger on all sides and which can be made of ceramic, metal, plastic or another material.
  • the flue gas discharge line 2 one in the drawing tion shown only schematically burner 3 leads in the lower part of the heat exchanger horizontally in an annular space 4, which is connected via vertical, parallel heat transfer channels 5 with an upper annular plenum. From this annular collecting space 6, the flue gases are led out of the heat exchanger via a discharge line 7.
  • the space available to the flue gases is delimited by heat transfer surfaces 8 which extend essentially vertically in the area between the annular space 4 and the annular collecting space 6 and continuously pass from bottom to top without having any projections or recesses.
  • the heat exchanger is filled with a coolant 9 which can be introduced into the heat exchanger via a feed line 10 arranged on the upper side and can be removed again from the latter via a discharge line 11 arranged on the lower side.
  • a coolant 9 can be introduced into the heat exchanger via a feed line 10 arranged on the upper side and can be removed again from the latter via a discharge line 11 arranged on the lower side.
  • the coolant 9 is in direct thermal contact with the heat transfer surfaces 8.
  • a condensate drain 12 is provided on the underside of the annular space 4, which condensate completely drains off from the heat exchanger on the underside of the annular space 4.
  • the high-temperature flue gas passes from the burner 3 via a boiler system into the lower annular space 4 and flows vertically upward through the transmission channels to the annular collecting space 6, from which it leaves the heat exchanger via the discharge line 7 .
  • the flue gas flows from bottom to top, it is cooled, the heat extracted from the flue gas being supplied to the coolant via the heat transfer surfaces via the heat transfer surfaces.
  • the length of the heat transfer channels and / or the temperature of the coolant are chosen so that the flue gas is cooled below the dew point in the upper part of the heat exchanger, so that condensate formation occurs.
  • the resulting condensate runs down the inside of the heat transfer channels on the heat transfer surfaces and rinses them in the manner described above, whereby on the one hand a build-up of concentrated acid on the heat transfer surfaces is avoided, while on the other hand the effectiveness of the heat transfer through the condensate is increased.
  • the condensate running down rinses the heat transfer surfaces of the heat transfer channels over their entire length and finally collects on the underside of the lower annular space 4, where it is completely removed from the heat exchanger via the condensate drain 12.
  • the condensate obtained in this way can also be used for flushing the heat transfer surfaces; it is then introduced into the heat transfer channels in a manner which cannot be seen from the drawing, so that this additional condensate is also passed to the Heat transfer surfaces trickle down.
  • the flue gas is enclosed on all sides by the heat transfer surfaces flushed with the coolant, at least in the part where its temperature is too high to form condensate. Otherwise, the formation of highly concentrated sulfuric acid would occur in this area with the destructive consequences of corrosion, which have already been explained above. Due to the heat transfer surfaces extending over the entire length of the flue gas path, however, rinsing by means of the condensate occurs over the entire heat transfer surface up to an area in which no condensate formation can normally be observed, so that the heat transfer surfaces are cleaned over their entire length and protected against the undesired deposition of concentrated acid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
EP83105567A 1982-06-11 1983-06-07 Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Wärme aus Rauchgasen Expired EP0096823B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83105567T ATE12543T1 (de) 1982-06-11 1983-06-07 Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung von waerme aus rauchgasen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3222069 1982-06-11
DE19823222069 DE3222069A1 (de) 1982-06-11 1982-06-11 Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung von waerme aus rauchgasen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096823A2 EP0096823A2 (de) 1983-12-28
EP0096823A3 EP0096823A3 (en) 1984-02-15
EP0096823B1 true EP0096823B1 (de) 1985-04-03

Family

ID=6165873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83105567A Expired EP0096823B1 (de) 1982-06-11 1983-06-07 Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Wärme aus Rauchgasen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0096823B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE12543T1 (da)
DE (2) DE3222069A1 (da)
DK (1) DK153182C (da)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3336264A1 (de) * 1983-10-05 1985-04-18 Richard 3150 Peine Vetter Mit einer verbrennungskammer versehene anlage
EP0164098A3 (de) * 1984-06-06 1986-12-03 Willy Ufer Wärmetauscher
DE3507882A1 (de) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Sigri GmbH, 8901 Meitingen Verfahren zum loesen von salzkrusten in einem waermeaustauscher
US4726353A (en) * 1985-08-01 1988-02-23 Raytheon Company High condensing recuperative furnace
FR2592812B1 (fr) * 1986-01-14 1990-05-04 Sobea Procede pour la reduction de la teneur en polluants acides contenus dans des fumees et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0262274A1 (fr) * 1986-09-22 1988-04-06 Emile Percevaut Récupérateur thermique sur fumées de foyers divers avec épuration de ces fumées
DE102012104979A1 (de) 2012-06-10 2013-12-12 Christian Gierl Wärmerückgewinnung aus Rauchgasen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2342476A1 (fr) * 1976-02-26 1977-09-23 Telliez Raymond Recuperation de calories, sur gaz de combustion
US4031862A (en) * 1976-03-10 1977-06-28 Smith Frank J Economizer
NL7701097A (nl) * 1977-02-02 1978-08-04 Johannes Hendricus Wedzinga Do Luchtbehandelingsapparaat waarmee warmte en vocht onttrokken worden aan rookgassen.
DE2720397A1 (de) * 1977-05-06 1978-11-09 Helmut Ing Grad Junkers Kesselanlage einer zentralheizung
US4227647A (en) * 1977-05-25 1980-10-14 Leif Eriksson Device for cooling chimney gases
AT360203B (de) * 1978-04-07 1980-12-29 Krispler Rupert Vorrichtung zur ausnuetzung der rauchgaswaerme bei feuerungsanlagen fuer feste, fluessige oder gasfoermige brennstoffe
DE2820826C2 (de) * 1978-05-12 1985-06-27 Ask August Schneider Gmbh & Co Kg, 8650 Kulmbach Einrichtung zum Entziehen von Wärme und von Schadstoffkondensat aus einem Rauchgas
FR2483065A1 (fr) * 1980-05-23 1981-11-27 Meca Const Procede et installation de recuperation de chaleur par condensation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3360088D1 (en) 1985-05-09
DE3222069A1 (de) 1983-12-15
DK266483D0 (da) 1983-06-10
DK153182B (da) 1988-06-20
EP0096823A2 (de) 1983-12-28
ATE12543T1 (de) 1985-04-15
EP0096823A3 (en) 1984-02-15
DK153182C (da) 1988-11-14
DK266483A (da) 1983-12-12

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