EP0097618A1 - Laser-Schneideverfahren für einen thermoplastischen Faden oder eine Textilfaser - Google Patents

Laser-Schneideverfahren für einen thermoplastischen Faden oder eine Textilfaser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097618A1
EP0097618A1 EP83810261A EP83810261A EP0097618A1 EP 0097618 A1 EP0097618 A1 EP 0097618A1 EP 83810261 A EP83810261 A EP 83810261A EP 83810261 A EP83810261 A EP 83810261A EP 0097618 A1 EP0097618 A1 EP 0097618A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
fiber
laser beam
fibers
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83810261A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Seiler
Erwin Zurcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Battelle Memorial Institute Inc
Original Assignee
Battelle Memorial Institute Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Battelle Memorial Institute Inc filed Critical Battelle Memorial Institute Inc
Publication of EP0097618A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097618A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/12—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for incorporating pile threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/02—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form
    • D01G1/025—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form by thermic means, e.g. laser
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C13/00—Shearing, clipping or cropping surfaces of textile fabrics; Pile cutting; Trimming seamed edges
    • D06C13/06—Removing floats

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method for cutting, by laser, a filament or a textile fiber made of thermoplastic material.
  • patent CH 560 772 discloses a process for converting textile filaments according to which a ribbon of textile filaments to be converted is tensioned while subjecting it to the action of a radiant energy source.
  • the textile fibers are cut either by the combustion of a natural fiber, or by the melting of a thermoplastic material.
  • a pseudospheric surface is formed at the ends thus cut, the diameter of which is greater than that of the fibers. This surface results from the surface tension of the thermoplastic material following its fusion during the cutting of the fibers.
  • thermoplastic wires in particular for creating corrugations
  • the object of the present invention is not only to remedy to address the shortcomings of known thermal cutting processes, but it also makes it possible to form tapered ends on the cut elements and, therefore, to make these ends more pleasant to the touch.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for cutting, by laser, a filament or a textile fiber of thermoplastic material, in which this filament or fiber is subjected to the radiation of a laser focused on the area of the filament or fiber desired for sectioning, characterized in that a tensile stress is applied to this filament or fiber and that, by the laser, thermal energy is supplied to said zone of the filament or fiber in sufficient quantity to bring it only in a viscoelastic state, the whole so that, thanks to the combined action of the tensile stress and the thermal energy brought to said zone of the filament or fiber, a stretching of this zone is produced, subdividing the filament or fiber in two sections whose opposite ends receive a shape that tapers gradually, by stretching the thermoplastic material, to become pointed at the end of this tapering and separate by the top of their po respective inte.
  • the replacement of at least part of the ends of fibers comprising droplets by tapered points makes it possible to increase the value of the product obtained: in fact, obtaining tapered points, otherwise impossible by using a mechanical cutting means, allows you to get closer to the appearance of animal hair appearing in particular on the surface of natural fur, which results in a velvety sensation pleasant to the touch.
  • the present invention can therefore not only be advantageously applied to the manufacture of velvet but, in addition, to the production of synthetic furs.
  • Figure 1 shows a variable speed motor 1 whose shaft 2 is rotatably mounted between two bearings 3, 4 and carries a disc 5.
  • This disc is equipped with pairs of pins 6, 7, only one of which is visible in the drawing, arranged radially around the axis 2.
  • One of the pins of each pair receives the end of a spring 8 while the other is used to fix one end of a wire 9, of thermoplastic material, the second end of which is attached to the free end of the spring 8 the latter thus stretching the wire between the two pins.
  • the device also carries a laser source 10 capable of generating a focused beam of light 12 by means of an optical system, represented schematically by a simple lens 11, and directing this beam perpendicular to the upper face of the disc 5.
  • this wire is exerted a determined traction using the spring 8 and the disk 5 is rotated by the motor 1 so that, by turning, each wire 9, distributed on the disk successively cut the beam 12 focused by the lens 11.
  • the rotational speed V. of the disc 5 is chosen such that the wire 9 cuts the laser beam for a sufficient time so that the thermoplastic material of the wire is heated so as to take on a viscoelastic consistency. Therefore, and under the effect of the traction which is applied to the wire by the spring 8, this wire stretches in the impact zone of the laser. It is the diameter f of the cross section of the laser beam through which the wire passes which determines the length of this area.
  • the appearance of the tapered portions of the fibers essentially depends, on the one hand, on the diameter of the laser beam and, on the other hand, on the tensile force applied to the wire 9 by the spring 8. Furthermore, to a lesser extent , this aspect also depends on the temperature reached by the fibers, and therefore on the thermal energy transmitted to these fibers.
  • the ordinate N represents the proportion of tapered fibers relative to the total number of fibers cut according to the stress resulting from the tensile force applied to the wire 9 by the spring 8, for a constant power P of the laser beam and a constant speed V o of displacement of the wire relative to the laser beam 12.
  • Diagram 2 shows that there is a relationship between the stress resulting from the for this traction applied to the wire 9 by the spring 8 and the proportion of tapered points.
  • n represents the efficiency of the optical system.
  • the lines d 1 and d 2 were obtained by a "linear regression" involving the value of the stresses ⁇ i1 and ⁇ i2 constituting the limits of the intervals D i corresponding to given proportions Ni of tapered points.
  • the position of the intervals D i depends on the value of the specific power q i if the speed of movement V I is fixed. These lines are substantially parallel to each other.
  • a variation in the speed V 1 of displacement of the wire 9 with respect to the laser beam 12 implies an inversely proportional variation in the energy received from the beam 12 by this wire.
  • a decrease in the speed from V 1 to V 2 results in an increase mentation of the energy transmitted to the wire, therefore a reduction in the stresses ⁇ i1 and ⁇ i2 , which results, in the diagram of figure 3, by a bringing together of the lines d 1 and d 2 of the origin of the system d 'axes ⁇ -q (lines of 1 and 2 ).
  • the acrylic yarns of 30 and 107 Tex were cut, subjected to a tensile force producing a stress between 2 and 5 N / Tex, by means of a laser with a power varying between 140 and 450 W.
  • the efficiency of the optical system was 0.88.
  • the numerical values corresponding to obtaining a majority of tapered tips have been summarized in the table below:
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show partial views, one in perspective, the other in section, of a circular knitting machine in which a diagrammatic representation is shown.
  • the tensioning member for the wire loops 29 is constituted by a projection 23 situated at the upper end of the plate spout 22 (FIG. 6).
  • This member makes it possible to drive the portion of the wire 29, constituting a loop 31, in the recoil movement of the plate 21 consecutive to the formation of this loop and, by this recoil movement, to subject this wire to a traction force.
  • the laser beam, coming from the source 27, is directed by the optical system 26 on the loop portion in contact with the tensioning member 23 as soon as, by its new recoil, the plate has reached the position in which the tension in the thread becomes sufficient to obtain fibers with tapered points.
  • the manufacturing method described above is capable of replacing the shaving operation, involved in the production of knitted velvet, thanks to a loop cutting operation which is integrated into the knitting process. It makes it possible to remedy the loss of material occurring during shaving, while improving the quality of the product obtained by the creation of tapered tips.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
EP83810261A 1982-06-17 1983-06-14 Laser-Schneideverfahren für einen thermoplastischen Faden oder eine Textilfaser Withdrawn EP0097618A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH373982 1982-06-17
CH3739/82 1982-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097618A1 true EP0097618A1 (de) 1984-01-04

Family

ID=4262453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83810261A Withdrawn EP0097618A1 (de) 1982-06-17 1983-06-14 Laser-Schneideverfahren für einen thermoplastischen Faden oder eine Textilfaser

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0097618A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1984000040A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5079810A (en) * 1990-12-28 1992-01-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ultrasonic cutting of fabric tufts to provide improved retention of tuft indentity during use
DE19734331A1 (de) * 1997-08-08 1999-02-11 Maute & Renz Textil Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Plüschware
KR100823063B1 (ko) * 2005-02-03 2008-04-18 엔이씨 엘씨디 테크놀로지스, 엘티디. 백라이트 유닛 및 이를 이용한 액정 디스플레이 디바이스

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2769656B2 (ja) * 1992-03-27 1998-06-25 日本甜菜製糖株式会社 農業用耐腐紙とその製法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1557362A (de) * 1967-03-28 1969-02-14
FR2049824A5 (de) * 1969-06-03 1971-03-26 Velcro Sa Soulie
FR2085142A5 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-12-17 Snia Viscosa
JPS5015908B1 (de) * 1969-09-29 1975-06-09

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1557362A (de) * 1967-03-28 1969-02-14
FR2049824A5 (de) * 1969-06-03 1971-03-26 Velcro Sa Soulie
JPS5015908B1 (de) * 1969-09-29 1975-06-09
FR2085142A5 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-12-17 Snia Viscosa

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5079810A (en) * 1990-12-28 1992-01-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ultrasonic cutting of fabric tufts to provide improved retention of tuft indentity during use
DE19734331A1 (de) * 1997-08-08 1999-02-11 Maute & Renz Textil Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Plüschware
KR100823063B1 (ko) * 2005-02-03 2008-04-18 엔이씨 엘씨디 테크놀로지스, 엘티디. 백라이트 유닛 및 이를 이용한 액정 디스플레이 디바이스

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984000040A1 (fr) 1984-01-05

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Inventor name: SEILER, THOMAS

Inventor name: ZURCHER, ERWIN