EP0097619B1 - Machine à pistons avec au moins deux pistons - Google Patents
Machine à pistons avec au moins deux pistons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0097619B1 EP0097619B1 EP83810262A EP83810262A EP0097619B1 EP 0097619 B1 EP0097619 B1 EP 0097619B1 EP 83810262 A EP83810262 A EP 83810262A EP 83810262 A EP83810262 A EP 83810262A EP 0097619 B1 EP0097619 B1 EP 0097619B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- yoke
- piston machine
- pistons
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
- F04B1/0426—Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
- F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F01B1/062—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piston machine, with a housing in which a cavity is present, which is closed with a lid, with an eccentric, which is fixed on the machine shaft, with an intermediate piece which surrounds the eccentric and which on the foot part of the Piston can act and with a return device that engages the foot of the piston.
- a piston machine of this type is known from DE-A-1 528 504.
- This machine has a drive shaft for the pistons, which is mounted on both sides in a housing.
- An eccentric disc sits on the drive shaft and it is firmly connected to this shaft.
- a ring is mounted on the eccentric disk, which has two undercut grooves running transversely to the axis of the working shaft. These grooves are T-shaped.
- a plate is fastened to the piston and is guided in the grooves. The ring is prevented from rotating by this plate, so that the plate only moves back and forth in the grooves of the ring when the drive shaft is rotated. Thus, only the up and down movement of the eccentric disc is transmitted to the piston or pistons.
- a drive member with a hexagonal cross section is mounted on a drive shaft, the base of one of the pistons being supported on the respective flat surface of this member.
- Discs with six grooves are arranged on both sides of this link, one of the grooves being assigned to one of the flat surfaces of the drive link.
- the piston foot has a flange which projects on both sides thereof and which lies in the grooves of the disks lying opposite one another. Since the drive shaft is also supported in a housing at both ends in this case, it is very cumbersome to achieve the required connection between the pistons and such a drive device.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a piston machine in which the disadvantages mentioned do not occur.
- a machine designed in this way can have three or more pistons arranged in a star shape, and both the assembly and maintenance of such a machine can be carried out very easily.
- the machine shown in the drawings is a pump which is attached to an electric motor and which is driven by this electric motor.
- the piston machine has a housing 2 which is fastened to the housing of the electric motor 1 by means of screws 3.
- the machine housing 2 has a cavity 4 in which the drive elements for the pistons 5 of the machine are accommodated.
- the pistons 5 accommodated in cylinders 6 are arranged in a star shape along the circumferential part of the cavity 4 in the machine housing 2.
- the aforementioned cavity is closed at the front with the aid of a cover 7, which is fastened to the housing 2 with screws 8 so that it can be removed.
- the end 9 of the shaft of the electric motor 1 which drives the pump is mounted in a bearing 10 which also serves as the bearing for the pump.
- An eccentric 11 is plugged onto the machine shaft 9 and coupled to the shaft 9 by means of a wedge 12 (FIG. 3). If you want to change the stroke of the piston 5 and thus also the flow rate of the pump, you can replace the eccentric 11 with a differently shaped eccentric.
- the piston machine is provided with a return device 14 which engages the foot part 15 of the piston 5.
- This return device 15 has a base body 16 which is mounted on the eccentric 11. Furthermore, the return device 15 has claws 17 which engage the foot part 15 of the pistons 5.
- the base body 16 is ring-shaped.
- the return claws are designed as extensions of the base body 16, which are distributed on the peripheral part of the ring 16 and which run away from the latter in the radial direction. The ends of these extensions are bent to one side, and this gives the claws 17 their shape.
- These bent portions 18 of the extensions engage the foot portion 15 of the piston 5.
- the foot part 15 of the piston 5 can be provided with a corresponding recess (not shown).
- the foot part 15 of the piston 5 is provided with a shoe 19.
- This shoe 19 has a plate 20 which rests on the sleeve 13.
- the piston shoe 19 also has a clamp 21 (see, for example, FIG. 2) which is integral with the foot plate 20 and in which the end part of the piston 5 is clamped.
- the piston 5 can be made of metal or a ceramic material.
- the base plate 20 rests with its underside on the sleeve 13.
- the forward movement of the piston 5 is thus caused by the sleeve 13 seated on the eccentric 11, on which the foot plate 20, however, only rests.
- the backward movement of the piston 5, however, is caused by the claw 17 of the return device 14. Because the base body 16 of the return device 14 is mounted on the eccentric 11, so that this device carries out the same movement as the sleeve 5 driving the piston 13. Since the bent part 18 of the claw 17 engages on the upper side of the foot plate 20, it remains Foot plate 20, even if it performs the backward movement, in contact with the sleeve 13.
- a support plate 22 rests on the return device 14 and is held in place by means of a screw 23 screwed into the shaft end 9.
- the support plate 22 is provided with a balancing weight 24, which eliminates any imbalance in this arrangement. It goes without saying that support plates 22 with balancing weights of different sizes can be kept ready in order to be able to compensate for unbalances of different sizes.
- the base plate 20 has a section 26 which is extended towards the return device 14 and on which the return claw 17 engages.
- the 6 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the sleeve 13.
- the outside of the sleeve 13 is provided with projections 27, in the apex region of which there is a sliding surface 28.
- This sliding surface 28 acts on the underside of the foot section 15 of the pistons 5.
- the sliding surface 28 acts the underside of the base plate 20.
- the dimension of the respective sliding surface 28 in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 13 is advantageously smaller than the corresponding dimension of the underside of the base plate 20.
- the sliding surface 28 and the underside of the base plate 20 form a plain bearing.
- the interior 4 in the housing 2 is normally filled up to about half with oil.
- the clamp 21 in the region of the bent part 18 of the claw 17 can be provided with a cutout 25 (FIGS. 1 and 2) into which the bent part 18 of the return claw 17 engages .
- the return device which is designed as a yoke that connects the two pistons to one another, bridges the eccentric 11.
- One end of the respective piston is mounted in the ends of this yoke.
- the end of the respective piston is provided with a metal guide plate.
- the yoke is also U-shaped, parts of the bottom of the yoke, which is U-shaped in cross section, being removed in the end parts of the yoke.
- the free-standing side walls of the yoke are each provided with a slot in which the guide plate of the respective piston is mounted.
- connection between the guide plate and the piston is achieved in this known machine in that a blind hole with a thread is made in the piston end.
- the guide plate is provided with a threaded bolt that is screwed into the blind hole of the piston.
- connection point of the ceramic piston with the metal pin is subjected to great forces during operation of the pump, the direction of which also changes rapidly. This can destroy this connection point and thus lead to a premature failure of the pump.
- the yoke actually only sits loosely on the guide plates of the pistons, so that the play between the guide plates and the slots in the yoke can increase considerably over time. This can destroy the yoke and thus also lead to the failure of the pump.
- the structure consisting of the yoke and the two pistons is only slightly rigid, so that vibrations can occur in the pump.
- the piston machine shown in FIG. 7 is designed as a piston pump.
- a drive shaft 102 is rotatably mounted in a housing 101.
- This shaft 102 is provided with an eccentric disk 103 on which an intermediate piece 104 is mounted.
- This intermediate piece is designed as a slide ring.
- the pump has two horizontally arranged and diametrically opposite pistons 105, which are made of a ceramic material. These pistons 105 have the shape of a cylindrical rod and are each mounted in a cylinder 106 so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
- a cylinder head 107 is connected to the respective cylinder 106, in which valves (not shown) are accommodated.
- the respective cylinder head 107 is also provided with connections (not shown) for a suction line and for a pressure line (not shown).
- a yoke 110 which is U-shaped and serves as the return device.
- the cross section of the yoke 110 is also U-shaped, so that parts of the slide ring 104 can be located in the yoke.
- the end parts of the legs 111 of the U-shaped yoke 110 are provided with clamping devices 112, in which the pistons 105 are fastened at one end. A rigid mounting of the pistons 105 in the respective clamping device 112 is achieved with the aid of screws 113.
- the end of the respective piston 105 facing the eccentric 103 is provided with a blind hole 114.
- this blind hole 114 there is a bolt 115 which is fastened to a plate 116 made of metal. With one of its sides, this plate 116 rests on the end face of the piston end. The other side of the plate 116 can come into contact with the slide ring 104, which is located on the eccentric 103, during operation of the pump.
- the plate 116 can represent the bottom of a sleeve. This cap-shaped structure is placed on the end of the piston 105 facing the eccentric 103.
- the piston 105 can also be designed as a sleeve.
- the mouth of such a sleeve is covered by the plate 116, the pin 115 being located inside the sleeve-shaped piston for the purpose of guiding the plate.
- the slide ring 104 on the eccentric disk 103 first pushes the right piston 105 to the right by exerting pressure on the plate 116. Since the yoke 110 is fastened to the right piston 105 with the aid of the right clamping device 112, the yoke 110 also moves to the right. At the other end of the yoke 110, the left piston 105 is fastened with the aid of the left clamping device 112. As a result, the left piston 105 now also moves to the right. After the eccentric 103 has reached its extreme right position, it begins to exert pressure on the plate 116 of the left piston 105.
- the yoke 110 shown in FIG. 8 corresponds to the yoke shown in FIG. 7, further details of this yoke being apparent from FIGS. 9 to 11.
- this yoke 110 is U-shaped, and its legs 111 are each provided with a clamping device 112 for the pistons 105.
- the cross section of the yoke is also essentially U-shaped, as can be seen from FIGS. 9 to 11.
- the clamping device 112 has an essentially annular portion 120, one end of the respective piston 105 being located in the opening 121 of this annular portion 120.
- This annular portion 120 is interrupted by a slot 122.
- the ring 120 thus interrupted can thus spring.
- the yoke shown in the drawings is designed as a casting, although it also z. B. can be made of sheet metal.
- the ends of the annular portion 120 have material piles 123, these material piles 123 being provided with bores 124 and 125.
- the lower bore 125 is provided with a thread 126 with which the thread of the screw 113 (FIG. 7) is engaged.
- the U-shaped yoke of the type described would nevertheless have a certain degree of flexibility, so that the structure consisting of the yoke and the pistons would not be as rigid as the vibration-free operation of the machine requires.
- the yoke. the connector can be designed as shown in Fig. 12.
- the yoke 130 according to FIG. 12 has two end walls 131 lying parallel to one another, of which only the front end wall can be seen in FIG. 12.
- the end walls 131 are connected to one another by means of side walls 132, which are shorter than the end walls 131.
- the end walls 131 each have an opening 133 through which the shaft 102 carrying the eccentric 103 can pass.
- the side walls 132 of this yoke are provided with the already mentioned clamping devices 112 for the pistons 105.
- the opening 121 in the annular portion 120 of the clamping device 112 continues in the side wall 132 of the yoke 130. In this case too, the annular portion 120 has the slot 122 through which the screw mentioned (not shown here) passes.
- the respective piston is thus fastened in this yoke 130 in the manner already described.
- this yoke Since the pistons 105 are connected to one another with the aid of an upper part 134 and a lower part 135 of the yoke 130, this yoke has an extraordinarily high rigidity, and the structure consisting of the pistons and this yoke is very rigid.
- the yoke 130 can also be designed such that the upper part 134 and the lower part 135 form two parts which are screwed together with the aid of four screws 113 in order to be able to form the yoke.
- Each of the yoke halves 134, 135 then only has a section of the annular part of the clamping device 112, although there is a material accumulation (not shown) through which the screws 113 pass at both ends of the respective section of the ring-shaped part, or in which these screws are screwed.
- the pistons can also be arranged side by side in rows. Pistons lying side by side can be driven by several eccentrics seated on a common crankshaft 102.
- FIG. 13 shows a further development of the machine according to FIG. 7.
- This machine shows although again a U-shaped yoke 110, the part 137 of the same connecting the legs 136 of this yoke is provided with reinforcing ribs 138.
- These ribs 138 increase the rigidity of the yoke 110.
- the design and the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 138 can be seen clearly from FIG. 14.
- the reinforcing ribs 138 are located on the outside of the connecting part 137. If necessary, such ribs can also be located on the inside of the connecting part 137.
- One of the consequences of using such ribs is that the bending stress on the pistons 105 in the region of the clamping device 112 is reduced. In addition, this measure contributes to the smooth running of the machine, especially when the machine is operating at high speed.
- the intermediate piece which is located between the eccentric 103 and the piston 105, is designed as a sliding block 140 in this embodiment of the machine.
- the respective flat surface 141 of the sliding block 140 faces the eccentric end of the piston 105.
- the use of the sliding block 140 has the advantage that the contact area between the sliding block 140 and the piston 105, or the plate 116 upstream of the piston 105, is large, a lubricating film being able to form between them. As a result, the moment transmitted from the eccentric to the piston can be greater without overstressing the material of these components.
- the plate 116 is also designed differently.
- This plate 116 has extensions 142 which rest in grooves 143. These grooves 143 are made in the inside of the legs 136 of the yoke 110.
- the plate 116 is flat on both sides and is held in place by means of its extensions 142.
- One flat surface of this plate 116 lies on the piston 105, while the other flat surface is under the action of the sliding block 140.
- the plate 116 has a square plan.
- FIG. 15 shows a further possibility of how the piston 105 can be fastened in the yoke.
- the inner wall of the annular portion 120 is provided with a conical thread into which a collet nut 144 is screwed.
- the collet nut 144 is shown separately in FIG. 16. It has a flat section 145, the circumference of which is hexagonal. This part can be attacked with a key and thereby screw the nut 144 into the yoke.
- This flat part 145 is followed by tongues 146, the outside of which is provided with a corresponding thread.
- the inside of the annular portion 120 may be provided with a support surface 147.
- This further embodiment of the clamping device has a pressure element 148 which contains a tubular section 149.
- the flange 150 of this element is provided with openings through which screws 151 pass, which are screwed into the yoke 110.
- An annular clamping element 152 is located between the end face of the tubular section 149 and the bearing surface 147. By tightening the screws 151, the clamping element is compressed, so that the diameter of the opening in the clamping element. 152 reduced and thereby the piston is held in the clamping device.
- the annular portion 120 of the yoke. 110 is designed as a tube piece, the wall of the tube piece being provided with an opening 154 having a thread.
- a clamping screw 155 is screwed into this opening, the tip of which penetrates into the material of the piston 105.
- the forces returning the piston 105 act on the surface of the piston.
- the area on which the above-mentioned forces now act is larger than the area that was previously available in the area of the screw connection between the threaded bolt and the piston.
- the piston 105 is now held in a clamp 112, whereas previously only a screw connection between the piston and the bolt was used.
- the structure consisting of the yoke 110 and at least one piston 105 has a much greater rigidity, so that vibrations can hardly occur.
- the bolt 115 which forms a whole with the plate 116 can also be screwed into the piston 105, but this bolt 115 is advantageously only pushed into the piston 105. Because this connection point is only subjected to pressure because the return of the piston 105 takes place with the aid of the yoke 110 acting on the piston body.
- a so-called blind piston (not shown) can be fastened in the yoke instead of one of the pistons.
- This blind piston can be designed as a short rod that is clamped in the other clamping device. The end of this rod facing the eccentric is provided with a plate which has already been described in connection with the machine according to FIG. 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT83810262T ATE30063T1 (de) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-06-15 | Kolbenmaschine mit wenigstens zwei kolben. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH375682 | 1982-06-18 | ||
| CH3756/82 | 1982-06-18 | ||
| CH4294/82 | 1982-07-15 | ||
| CH429482 | 1982-07-15 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0097619A2 EP0097619A2 (fr) | 1984-01-04 |
| EP0097619A3 EP0097619A3 (en) | 1984-10-10 |
| EP0097619B1 true EP0097619B1 (fr) | 1987-09-30 |
Family
ID=25693779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83810262A Expired EP0097619B1 (fr) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-06-15 | Machine à pistons avec au moins deux pistons |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4589329A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0097619B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3373926D1 (fr) |
| SU (1) | SU1570657A3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9217208D0 (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1992-09-23 | Weeja Compressors Limited | Improvements in compressors |
| GB2272732B (en) * | 1992-10-08 | 1997-02-05 | Gordon William Walke | High pressure water pump |
| DE4443868A1 (de) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-06-13 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Radialkolbenmaschine |
| DE102005055057A1 (de) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-05-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mehrkolbenpumpe |
| EP2031247A1 (fr) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | Pfizer Inc. | Pompe liquide |
| SE540991C2 (sv) * | 2013-11-25 | 2019-02-19 | Thordab Ab | Pump/motor innefattande en växelfunktion |
| WO2021111175A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Ferroni Transmission S.R.L. | Pompe adaptée pour exercer une action de compression sur un fluide et moteur actionné par un fluide de propulsion correspondant |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3125034A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | Pump with radial cylinders | ||
| US1964245A (en) * | 1931-09-22 | 1934-06-26 | Hydraulic Press Mfg Co | Constant delivery radial piston pump |
| US2324291A (en) * | 1942-06-15 | 1943-07-13 | Hydraulie Controls Inc | Pump |
| US2679808A (en) * | 1949-04-22 | 1954-06-01 | Bernard M Thun | Fluid pressure generator |
| US2801596A (en) * | 1953-04-02 | 1957-08-06 | Sewell Ronald Percival | Multi-cylinder pump |
| GB740784A (en) * | 1953-08-17 | 1955-11-16 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Reciprocatory pumps |
| GB879285A (en) * | 1958-06-22 | 1961-10-11 | Andrew Fraser | Improvements in and relating to radial-piston hydraulic pumps |
| CH360591A (fr) * | 1959-04-16 | 1962-02-28 | Norton Tool Company Limited | Machine à piston |
| FR1287601A (fr) * | 1961-02-03 | 1962-03-16 | Rech Etudes Prod | Moteur hydraulique |
| US3413929A (en) * | 1966-04-21 | 1968-12-03 | Hypro Inc | Radial piston pump |
| DE1528504A1 (de) * | 1966-10-05 | 1970-07-02 | Guido Oberdorfer Fa | Einrichtung an Kolbenpumpenantrieben |
| US3924968A (en) * | 1972-07-27 | 1975-12-09 | Gen Motors Corp | Radial compressor with muffled gas chambers and short stable piston skirts and method of assembling same |
| DE2748620C2 (de) * | 1977-10-29 | 1982-11-04 | Oberdorfer, Guido, 7919 Bellenberg | Kolbenpumpe mit einem auf Drehung angetriebenen Exzenter |
-
1983
- 1983-06-14 US US06/504,249 patent/US4589329A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-06-15 DE DE8383810262T patent/DE3373926D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-06-15 EP EP83810262A patent/EP0097619B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-06-17 SU SU833608871A patent/SU1570657A3/ru active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4589329A (en) | 1986-05-20 |
| EP0097619A3 (en) | 1984-10-10 |
| EP0097619A2 (fr) | 1984-01-04 |
| SU1570657A3 (ru) | 1990-06-07 |
| DE3373926D1 (en) | 1987-11-05 |
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