Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an aqueous, built liquid detergent composition which is pourable, physically stable and has a satisfactory, reversible viscosity behaviour.
• Aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions are well-known in the art.
• a vast amount of different formulations has been described in the prior art, but basically such formulations always contain one or more detergent active compounds and one or more builder salts in an aqueous medium, and they are either true solutions, or suspensions, emulsions and the like, depending upon the type and amount of ingredients used.
• the present invention is concerned with aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions of the suspension type, by which is to be understood that one or more of the ingredients of the detergent composition are suspended in the final composition.
• Aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions of the above type which contain a mixture of an alkylethersulphate and an alkylarylsulphonate as the active detergent material, and an alkalimetal condensed phosphate as the builder material, suffer however from the drawback that when they are subjected to high shearing action, e.g. during their manufacture when they are e.g. pumped or bottled, their viscosity is irreversibly increased to a very significant degree, resulting in products with an unacceptably high viscosity. Some shearing action is however required to achieve the required physical stability of the products, since too low a shearing action may result in physically unstable products.
• the present invention relates to an improvement in and to aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions which contain as essential ingredients an alkylethersulphate and an alkylarylsulphonate as the active detergent materials, and a builder salt, the improvement comprising the inclusion in the composition of a certain level of a nonionic detergent active material.
• the active detergent material comprises as essential ingredients an alkylethersulphate and an alkylarylsulphonate.
• alkylethersulphates are represented by the following formula in which R is a linear or branched alkyl chain having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 2 or 3, m is a number ranging from 1 to 10 and M is an alkalimetal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium radical.
• R is preferably a linear C 12 -C 15 alkyl chain, n is preferably 2, m is preferably from 2 to 5 and M is preferably sodium.
• alkylethersulphates are lauryl- ethersulphates containing from 2.5 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or a mixture of the two; C 11 -C 15 sec. alkylethersulphates containing from 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide and C 12 -C 15 prim. alkylethersulphates containing 3 moles of ethylene oxide, all in the form of their sodium or potassium salts.
• alkylethersulphates are normally prepared by sulphation of the corresponding alkoxylated alcohols; since the latter may contain a small amount of non-alkoxylated alcohol which on sulphation is converted into an alkylsulphate, it is to be understood that the term alkylethersulphate includes the product obtained by sulphation of the corresponding alkoxylated alcohols.
• the amount of alkylethersulphate, calculated as the sodium salt, required in the composition ranges from 0.2 to 7.5%, preferably from 0.5 to 5%, and particularly preferably from 0.5 to 3.5% by weight of the final composition.
• alkylarylsulphonates are represented by the following formula in which R is a C 10 -C 18 branched or straight chain alkyl chain and M is as hereinbefore defined for the alkylethersulphates.
• alkylarylsulphonates are n-dodecylbenzene sulphonate, tetrapropylenebenzene sulphonate, n-pentadecylbenzene sulphonate, and linear C l2 -C l5 alkylbenzene sulphonate in which the C 12 -C 15 alkylgroup is obtained from cracked wax polymers, all in the form of their sodium or potassium salts.
• alkylethersulphates and the alkylarylsulphonates are well-known anionic synthetic detergents, amply described in the prior art, e.g. in the textbook of Schwartz-Perry "Surface-active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II of 1949 and 1958.
• the alkylarylsulphonate is used in the present invention in an amount of 5-15, preferably 6-12% by weight of the final composition, the alkylarylsulphonate being calculated as the sodium salt.
• the builder which is used in the composition can be any conventional organic or inorganic builder. Typical examples thereof are the alkalimetal-ortho-, -pyro- and -tripolyphosphates, -glassy polymeric phosphates, -citrates, -nitrilotriacetates, -carboxymethyloxysuccinates; zeolites, alkalimetal salts of aminopolyphosphonic acids and so on. Mixtures of various builders are also suitable.
• the preferred builders are the alkalimetal phosphates such as sodium or potassium ortho-, -pyro- and -tripolyphosphate, sodiumtripolyphosphate being especially preferred.
• the amount of the builder present in the composition ranges from 5 to 30% by weight of the final composition, preferably from 10-25% by weight.
• the nonionic detergent which is included in the composition can be any well-known nonionic detergent.
• Nonionic detergents usually consist of a hydrophobic moiety which has been reacted with an alkyleneoxide.
• Typical examples are primary or secondary, straight- or branched-chain C a -C 18 alcohols, condensed with 1-30 moles of alkyleneoxide; mono- or dialkylphenols with an alkyl group of 9-18 carbon atoms, condensed with 1-30 moles of alkyleneoxide; C 10 -C 18 fatty acids or C 10 -C 18 fatty acid mono- or -dialkylolamides condensed with 1-30 moles of alkyleneoxide; block copolymers of different or identical alkyleneoxides and so on.
• the alkyleneoxide is ethyleneoxide, but propyleneoxide or mixtures of ethyleneoxide and propyleneoxide can also be used. Further suitable examples can be found in the textbook of M. Schick "Nonionic Surfactants".
• the amount of nonionic to be included in the composition ranges from 0.2-5, preferably from 0.5-3% by weight of the final composition.
• the weight ratio of the total amount of anionic detergent to the amount of nonionic varies from 2.5 to 1 to 25 to 1, preferably from 4:1 to 20:1.
• composition of the invention may advantageously further include a buffering agent in an amount of up to 10% by weight of the final composition.
• Suitable buffering agents are the alkanolamines, such as triethanolamine, buffer salts such as the alkalimetal carbonates, alkalimetal borates, alkalimetal silicates and so on. It is one of the further advantages of the present invention that the liquid compositions can tolerate appreciable electrolyte levels and that consequently further useful ingredients can be included without impairing the viscosity or stability of the formulations.
• alkalimetal sulphites can be included which improve the detergency; also enzymes, either alone or in admixture with enzyme stabilisers such as polyalcohols or alkanolamines with borax, can be included.
• enzymes either alone or in admixture with enzyme stabilisers such as polyalcohols or alkanolamines with borax, can be included.
• Other ingredients commonly used in liquid detergent compositions, can also be included, such as soil-suspending agents, anti-redeposition agents, hydrotropes, corrosion inhibitors, foam boosters or foam depressors, opacifying agents, perfumes, colouring agents, bleaching agents,-bleach precursors, fluorescers and the like.
• the products of the present invention can be prepared using conventional techniques. It has in this respect been found that it is advantageous to shear the product at the end of its production process to its maximum stable viscosity, e.g. by post-stirring or passing the product through a desintegrator or similar high shear exerting equipment. Further shear exerted on the thus treated product during its pumping or bottling does not affect the viscosity of the product further.
• This product was prepared in the following way:
• the product had a viscosity of 340 mPa.s (measured with a Haake Rotoviscometer at 25°C and 80 sec -1 ) and a specific gravity of 1.15.
• This product was stable for more than 3 months on storage at 0°C, 22°C and 37°C, respectively, and for more than 1 month at 52°C.
• Example 1 In the same way as in Example 1 formulations were prepared from the same ingredients, but with varying amounts of the alkylarylsulphonate (LAS), the alkylethersulphate (LES) and the nonionic (NI) detergent. The viscosity of each of these formulations was assessed as in Example 1. The following results were obtained:
• Example 1 of British patent application 2 028 365 was prepared and then subjected to varying shear rates.
• Example 1 of the present application was also subjected to these varying shear rates, and of both formulations the viscosities were assessed. The following results were obtained:
• Example 1 of the present invention With the product of Example 1 of the present invention there was no difference in viscosity at increased and decreased shear rates; at 80 sec -1 it was about 320 mPa.s in both cases and at 1 sec -1 about 12.0 Pa.s in both instances.
• the viscosity of this product was 430 mPa.s (measured as in Example 1) and it was stable for more than 3 months on storage at 22°C and 37°C.
• the viscosity was measured at room temperature at a shear rate of 21 sec -1 , with the following results:
• the following product had a viscosity (at 23°C and 80 sec -1 ) of 300 mPa.s.
• the specific gravity was 1.15, the pH was 8.1.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=10532577

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Cited By (5)

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• 1983
  • 1983-08-22 NZ NZ205345A patent/NZ205345A/en unknown
  • 1983-08-23 AU AU18313/83A patent/AU555326B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1983-08-23 ZA ZA836228A patent/ZA836228B/xx unknown
  • 1983-08-23 EP EP83201216A patent/EP0102124A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-08-26 BR BR8304630A patent/BR8304630A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1983-08-26 CA CA000435481A patent/CA1211675A/en not_active Expired
  • 1983-08-26 NO NO833069A patent/NO833069L/no unknown
  • 1983-08-26 JP JP58155122A patent/JPS5958098A/ja active Pending

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