Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
  • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
  • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a plant for crushing materials and recovering material fractions of a desired size.
• the invention specifically, but not exclusively, relates to the crushing of wooden materials, garbage and other refuse. It specially relates to crushing into fraction sizes suitable for stoking purposes (wood chips etc.), for the paper making industry, etc.
• the present invention aims at eliminating or reducing these and other drawbacks of known crushing plants. More specifically the invention aims at providing a crushing plant which both saves energy and increases the capacity compared to the known constructions. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a crushing plant which has a simple and cost-saving design thereby simplifying the manufacture thereof. A further object of the invention is to provide a crushing plant which can be used for crushing different types of materials without any major adjustments. A still further object of the invention is to provide a crushing plant of the indicated type which permits crushing of a mixture of different materials, for example bark - twigs/knots - objects of iron.
• Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a crushing plant according to the invention together with a schematic material flow diagram for the plant
• FIG. 2 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of a crushing plant according to the invention with a corresponding material flow diagram
• Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of mobile monting of a crushing plant according to the invention with a corresponding material flow diagram.
• the crushing plant shown in Figure 1 essentially consists of a coarse crusher 1, a feed hopper 10, a sieve 20, a fine crusher 30, a conveyor belt 40 under the sieve 20 and the fine crusher 30, and a discharge belt 50 for accepted material. 5
• the material to be crushed is fed into the coarse crusher 1 having driving and crushing devices which are known per se and are schematically indicated by
• the coarse crusher 1 is preferably of the screw type, and it can be fed with fine as well as coarse materials, e.g. logs and the like. After the coarse crushing in the coarse crusher 1 the material is fed into the feed hopper 10 via any
• the conveyor 11 In the feed hopper 10 there is a suitable conveyor device 11 which transports the coarsely crushed material to the sieve 20, preferably obliquely upwards.
• the conveyor 11 can be an endless conveyor belt - but it is preferably a chain feeder (marked by the projections 12) -running around two end rollers 13 and 14, of
• a feed roller 15 having projections 16 and which can be driven or idle.
• the amount of material to be fed to the sieve 20 from the conveyor 10 can be controlled by the driving of the conveyer 10 and the feed roller 15. In this manner one can prevent clogging of material and ensure optimal
• the sieve 20 utilization of the sieve 20, which is herein shown as a shaking sieve of the grid type which is known per se.
• a first accepted fraction is taken out, i.e. the material passing through the sieve. This accepted fraction of material falls down through a pocket 21 onto the conveyor belt 40 for being transported further thereon.
• the conveyor belt 40 is preferably an endless belt, which runs around a front roller 41 and a rear roller 42, of which at least one is a drive roller.
• the conveyor belt 40 is preferably arranged for magnetic separation of magnetic materials such as nails and the like from the material fractions which are carried along the belt 40. This magnetic separation can preferably be achieved in that the roller 40 is provided with one or more magnets, so that magnetic contaminants follow the conveyor belt 40 around the roller 42 to fall down into a collection pocket 43 when the magnetic force from the roller 42 ceases.
• the accepted material which is discharged from the conveyor belt 40 is finally discharged to a suitable desired location, e.g. by falling down onto the discharge conveyor belt 50.
• Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the crushing plant according to the invention, wherein the fan 23 of Figure 1 has been replaced by a "throwing roller" 23'.
• Those elements of the embodiment according to Figure 2, which have a direct correspondence in Figure 1, have the same reference designations as in Figure 1.
• the embodiment according to Figure 2 is especially suitable when using a so-called disk sieve instead of a screen-type sieve.
• a disk sieve consists of a plurality of rows of intermeshing rotating disks 20', the fraction size primarily being determined by the number of disks and the spacing between the same (lengthwise and widthwise).
• the disk sieve 20' is terminated by a "throwing roller” or a series of parallell disks 23', which are rotated at a speed sufficent for throwing the heavier contaminants over the fine crusher 30, the desired lighter material falling down into the fine crusher.
• the reject conveyor belt 24 of Figure 1 consequently has been moved to a location after the fine crusher 30, and it has the reference designation 24' in Figure 2.
• Figure 3 there is schematically shown an example of mobile monting of the crushing device according to the invention.
• the plant is designed as trailer mounting, but other forms of mounting can, of course, also be envisaged such as switch-platform mounting, chassis mounting etc.
• the same reference designations have been used for those elements which have a correspondence in Figure 1 and/or 2.
• the magnetic separation step has been deleted in this embodiment, but it is, of course, also possible to utilize magnetic separation also for mobile mounting of the plant.
• the crushing plant according to the invention primarily is characterized in that the crushing takes place stepwise by a coarse crusher and a fine crusher, it also is advantageous in that a desired fraction can be taken out at the stage of the crushing in which the desired fraction has been obtained.
• the desired final fraction size can be adjusted as needed - on the one hand in the
• the plant also offers advantages in that one is not bound to always make use of the entire plant. For example, when the starting material is relatively fine the fine crusher can be shut off. If, on the other hand, only coarse crushing is desired, e.g. for brittle materials such as glass, aluminum, etc., the sieve can be taken away and all of the coarsely crushed material be allowed to fall down onto the conveyor belt 40.
• the feed hopper 10 then also functions as a distributor to the conveyor belt 40 to provide for uniform feeding to the same since the coarse crusher does not always give a uniform flow.
• the crushing plant according to the invention thus permits the material to be fed at a suitable station, depending on the structure of the material, and the desired fraction to be taken out. As mentioned the plant is energy saving, i.a. because not all of the material has to pass through but "falls out" at a suitable fraction, especially before the energy-consuming fine crusher.
• the described plant can save energy in the order of 50%.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 1983
  • 1983-03-30 WO PCT/SE1983/000124 patent/WO1983003368A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1983-03-30 EP EP19830901249 patent/EP0105314A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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