EP0108670A1 - Speisevorrichtung für abtastende Gruppenantenne - Google Patents

Speisevorrichtung für abtastende Gruppenantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108670A1
EP0108670A1 EP83402025A EP83402025A EP0108670A1 EP 0108670 A1 EP0108670 A1 EP 0108670A1 EP 83402025 A EP83402025 A EP 83402025A EP 83402025 A EP83402025 A EP 83402025A EP 0108670 A1 EP0108670 A1 EP 0108670A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elementary
antennas
distributor
circuits
inputs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83402025A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0108670B1 (de
Inventor
Henri Becavin
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Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0108670A1 publication Critical patent/EP0108670A1/de
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Publication of EP0108670B1 publication Critical patent/EP0108670B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for feeding a scanning beam array antenna.
  • Such an antenna is intended to produce a beam whose position of the maximum is controlled by a certain number of phase shifters arranged in the supply lines.
  • E ( ⁇ ) F 1 ( ⁇ ) x F 2 ⁇ (Do (sin ⁇ 1 - sin ⁇ ) in which F 2 is maximum for the values of its argument equal to k, k being a positive, negative or zero integer
  • the device described in this American patent does not make it possible to obtain an optimal amplitude and phase distribution over the different antennas, giving a rectangular radiation lobe; the interest of the system is thus reduced.
  • the aim of the present invention is to define a device power supply of a scanning beam array antenna which is free from the drawbacks which have been mentioned above
  • a device for feeding a scanning beam array antenna in which the elementary antennas spaced by an elementary interval Do have been distributed in several sub-arrays overlapping at their ends is characterized in that '' it comprises elementary groupings each connected respectively to N elementary antennas and comprising N inputs as well as means bringing together an arbitrary number of said elementary groupings, constituting a set comprising M.
  • the feed device of a scanning beam array antenna should be such that it provides a useful scanning range of the beam as small as possible and that at the limit, the radiation pattern of the main lobe of the antenna is as close as possible to the rectangular shape.
  • the sub-networks formed from the network are characterized by the number of antennas which they comprise and by the interval which separates two neighboring sub-networks.
  • certain drawbacks remain, in particular a certain limitation of the scanning range due to the fact that the supply device cannot supply adequately, that is to say with a number of independent currents than a relatively small number of elementary antennas.
  • the supply device overcomes these drawbacks by providing several separate feeds to the antennas of the sub-networks divided into elementary groupings by means of the two groups of circuits which have been defined, the arrangement of these circuits making it possible to in addition to acting independently on the distribution of amplitude and phase.
  • FIG. 1 represents a supply device in accordance with the invention, supplying a certain number of King elementary groupings into which the sub-networks are divided.
  • the sub-networks considered are identified by the references R 1 to R 7 and each include 6 elementary antennas. We only figured 7 sub-networks separated from each other by N elementary intervals Do here therefore 2 Do, for a total network comprising 30 antennas
  • the elementary groupings are marked Ro 1 to R 04 and constitute a set L Each elementary grouping has an equal number of inputs and outputs. Here this number N is equal to 2
  • the sets II and III constitute the means bringing together a certain number of the elementary groupings King, according to the invention.
  • the assembly II comprises a certain number of circuits called distributor adders C 1 to C 4 and the assembly III comprises a number of circuits called distributor dividers F 1 to F 3 which are each connected by a phase shifter Ph to a distributor of energy 3 whose corresponding outputs are spaced by 2 elementary spacings Do.
  • the sets II and III bring together MN elementary antennas, that is to say here 6 antennas, M being equal to 3 and N to 2.
  • the supply of the antennas with several separate supplies takes place as follows.
  • the dividing distributor circuits F 1 , F 2 , F 3 each have 1 input and 3 outputs and distribute the energy delivered by the distributor 3 respectively at the three inputs of the distributor distributor circuits C 1 , C 22 C 3 , C4, the two outputs of which supply an elementary group respectively, here Ro 1 , Ro 2 , Ro 3 , Ro 4 .
  • the number of outputs of a distributor distributor circuit is equal to the number of inputs of a distributor distributor circuit and that each output of a distributor distributor F 1 for example is connected to an input bearing the same numerical index of the dividers successive adders; thus the output 1 of the circuit F 1 is connected to the input 1 to the circuit C 1 ; output 2 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 2 , output 3 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 3 of circuit C 3 , output 1 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 1 of circuit C 2 , output 2 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 3 and output 3 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 3 of circuit C 4 and so on for the circuit F 3 .
  • the antennas of an elementary group belonging to several sub-networks for example, the antennas of the groups R 03 and Ro 4 belonging to the sub-networks R2, R 5 , R 3 , R 7 , R 6 receive several distinct food
  • FIG. 2 represents a supply device in accordance with the invention, supplying a certain number of elementary groups Ro 1 to Ro 7 with 2 antennas in which the sub-networks are divided.
  • the subnets considered here are identified by the references RI and R2 and they are separated by N elementary intervals Do, here therefore 2Do.
  • Each elementary grouping has an equal number of inputs and outputs.
  • this number N is equal to 2.
  • the set II groups together the distributor distributor circuits C 1 to C 6 , gathering a certain number of elementary groupings grouping together M.
  • N elementary antennas that is to say here 12 antennas, M being equal to 6.
  • the assembly III groups dividing distributor circuits F 1 to F 3 each comprising an input connected to a phase shifter Ph and M outputs.
  • the phase shifters Phl and Ph3 for example, already reduced in number, are connected to an energy distributor 3 whose corresponding outputs are spaced by N elementary spacings Do.
  • Each divider distributor circuit F i has a number of outputs equal to the number M of the inputs of the distributor distributor circuits C 1 envisaged and each output is connected to an input of the same rank of the successive adding distributor circuits realizing a periodic connection law.
  • the output 1 of circuit F 1 is connected to the input 1 of circuit C 1
  • the output 2 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 2
  • the output 3 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 3 of circuit C 3 and so on to output 6 of circuit F 1 which is connected to input 6 of circuit C 5
  • output 1 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 1 of circuit C 2
  • the output 2 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 3
  • the output 3 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 3 of circuit C 4 and so on.
  • the output 1 of circuit F 3 is connected to the input 1 of circuit C 4
  • the output 2 of circuit F 3 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 4 and so on.
  • FIG. 3 represents a supply device according to the invention, for which each elementary group Ro 1 comprises three elementary antennas.
  • the subnets R 1 and R 2 each have 12 antennas. These subnets are spaced from NDo, that is to say from three elementary intervals Do. Under these conditions, the number of group II adding distributor circuits, ie M is equal to 4. Each of them has four inputs and three outputs, these being respectively connected to the three inputs of the elementary groupings.
  • the dividing distributor circuits F each of which is connected to the energy distributor 3 by a phase shifter Ph, each therefore has an input and four outputs distributed as follows to the adding distributor circuits IL
  • circuit F 1 The output 1 of circuit F 1 is connected to the input 1 of circuit C 1 , the output 2 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 2 , the output 3 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 3 of circuit C 3 and its output 4 is connected to input 4 of circuit C 4 .
  • circuit F 2 the connections are as follows: its output 1 is connected to input 1 of circuit C 2 , its output 2 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 3 , its output 3 to input 3 of circuit C 4 and its output 4 to input 4 of circuit C 5 .
  • circuits F 3 and F 4 The connections of the outputs of circuits F 3 and F 4 with the inputs of circuits C are made in the same way, the output 1 of circuit F 3 being connected to input 1 of circuit C 3 and the output 2 of circuit F 4 for example being connected to input 2 of circuit C 5 .
  • FIG. 4 represents a supply device according to the invention, for which each elementary group Ro. has four elementary antennas
  • the sub-arrays R 4 and R 5 then each have 20 antennas.
  • the number M of group interconnection circuits must be greater than the number N of the elementary antennas of the elementary sub-networks. Under these conditions, N being chosen equal to 4, M must be equal to at least 5 and the number of antennas of a sub-network is equal to MN or 20. These sub-networks are spaced from NDo, or four elementary intervals Do.
  • the number of group II adding distributor circuits is equal to 5 and each has five inputs and four outputs, these being respectively connected to the four inputs of the elementary groupings.
  • the dividing distributor circuits F each of which is connected to the energy distributor 3 by a phase shifter Ph, therefore have one input and five outputs distributed as follows to the adding distributor circuits IL
  • the output 1 of circuit F 1 is connected to the input 1 of circuit C 1
  • the output 2 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 2 of circuit C 2
  • the output 3 of circuit F 1 is connected to input 3 of circuit F 3 , output 4 at input 4 of circuit C 4 , etc.
  • output 1 of circuit F 2 is connected to input 1 of circuit C 2 , output 2 to input 2 of circuit C 31 etc.
  • the connections of the outputs of circuits F 31 F 4 and F 5 are made according to the same diagram with the inputs of circuits C 4 , C 5 , C 6 . It will also be noted that the phase shifters Ph are separated by four elementary intervals.
  • the limits of the scanning ranges obtained are given with a number of antennas varying from 8 to 44, for given elementary intervals increasing between two elementary antennas and a number varying from 2 to 4 for the elementary groupings considered. It will be noted the advantage of having the largest possible interval between two elementary antennas which results in a lower density of elementary antennas or radiating sources.
  • the minimum number of antennas and phase shifters is a function of the interval between elementary antennas and the number of antennas in the elementary grouping.
  • FIG. 5 represents a supply circuit of an elementary grouping comprising two antennas S 1 and S 2 connected by a hybrid circuit 4 to attenuator circuits 5 and 6 having respectively a certain weight A 1 -B 1 , themselves connected at the inputs E 1 and E 2 by means of a hybrid circuit 7.
  • the two separate supplies which are obtained for each of the two antennas S 1 and S 2 can be diagrammed as follows: I 1 and I 2 being the currents flowing respectively through the antennas S 1 and S 2 .
  • FIG. 6 shows how to supply, under the optimal conditions according to the invention, two sub-networks R 5 and R 6 each comprising four antennas, namely S 1 -S 2 -S 3 -S 4 and S 3 -S 4 -S 5 -S 6 respectively, the two sub-networks being spaced by two elementary intervals, that is to say that the two antennas S 3 and S 4 are common to the two sub-networks R 5 and R 6 .
  • the two antennas of each elementary group are supplied through a hybrid divider 8, 9, 10 making it possible, as we have seen in connection with FIG. 5, to obtain for each of the antennas of an elementary group two independent supplies.
  • the antennas S 3 and S 4 receive in these conditions the sum of the signals of each of the inputs.
  • the coefficients A 1 and B 1 representing the weight of the circuits 5, 6, 13, 14, 15 and 16, it is possible to obtain the desired distribution on the antennas.
  • the following table gives for each of the antennas S 1 to S 6 considered the distribution of the amplitudes as a function of the coefficients A 1 and B 1 .
  • this feeder device providing several separate feeds per antenna, apart from the antennas located at the ends of the end sub-arrays also, can be extended to any arbitrary number of antennas distributed in sub- elementary groups and groupings.
  • the number of circuits of the type 5, 6 for example attenuators is increased, that is to say that the number of the coefficients A and B is increased.
  • the coefficients are grouped together on a hybrid bridge providing two symmetrical excitations for each antenna. This way of operating presents a certain interesting simplification.
  • a symmetrical excitation is obtained on six groups of two antennas, that is to say for a sub-array comprising 12 antennas with an optimal distribution of the currents on the 12 antennas.
  • FIG. 7 gives a representation of such a supply device produced for an elementary grouping comprising two antennas
  • This supply device comprises six separate inputs E 3g , E 2 g, E l g and E 1d , E 2d and E 3d and provides 12 separate excitation currents.
  • the supply device of Figure 7 is made using hybrid dividers. Energy inputs and are distributed symmetrically to the left and to the right towards circuits 19 and 20, determining the coefficients A and B, for example, in the case shown, A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 and are applied to three divider circuits by 2, ie 21, 22, and 23. Note also in this figure, the distribution of the circuits in group I, elementary groupings, King, group II, distributor circuits adders Ci and group III, distributor circuits dividers Fi.
  • I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 , I 5 and 1 6 are the desired amplitudes of the currents, we can easily determine the values of the coefficients A 1 , B 1 , A 2 , B 2 , A 3 , B 3 , that is:
  • the elementary groupings can very well comprise three or four antennas or more, with sub-arrays offset by a corresponding interval, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 for example.
  • a power supply comparable to that of FIG. 7 for an elementary grouping comprising three elementary antennas becomes relatively complicated in practice.
  • FIG. 8 represents a simplified embodiment of a power supply, according to the invention, for six elementary antennas divided into three elementary groupings of two antennas each.
  • the optimal distribution, theoretically obtained, of the coupling values between two antennas would be: -0.157; 0.238; 1; 1; 0.238; -0.157.
  • this distribution is: -0.17; 0.17; 1; 1; 0.17 -0.17 to obtain a scanning range of ⁇ 8 ° with a maximum lobe level equal to approximately -26 dB.
  • the elementary sub-arrays Rol, Ro2, Ro3 belonging to group 1 of circuits each comprise two elementary antennas S 1 -S 2 ; S 3 -S 4 ; S5-S6, which are connected through hybrid couplers 25, 28 and 31 respectively to the IL group addition distributor circuits
  • These are hybrid couplers 26, 29, 32 having an output connected respectively to the elementary group corresponding to two inputs, connected respectively to triple couplers 27, 30, 33.
  • the triple couplers are respectively connected to an energy distributor 3 by phase shifters Phl, Ph2, Ph3, separated by two elementary intervals
  • FIG. 9 represents the radiation diagram obtained with the power supply in FIG. 7. It can be seen that the scanning range extends between ⁇ 8 °.
  • FIG. 10 represents the radiation diagram obtained with the symmetrical supply of FIG. 8.
  • the scanning range is extended between ⁇ 12 ° and the maximum of the lobes of the network is of the order of -26 dB.
  • FIG. 11 represents the radiation diagram obtained with a supply in accordance with the invention for 28 sub-arrays of 12 antennas each with elementary grouping of 2 antennas and interval Do of 0.8 ⁇ .
  • Fo represents the lobe resulting from 28 sub-arrays of 12 antennas each distant by 0.8 ⁇ with a spacing between sub-arrays of 2 Do, ie 1.6 ⁇ .
  • the Fo lobe is shown for a 12 ° depointing with an F-1 and F + l network lobe of less than 26 dB.
  • the admissible scanning range with a loss of 3 dB on the main lobe Fo is of the order of ⁇ 15 °.
  • the Go diagram represents the diagram of each sub-array of 12 elementary antennas.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP83402025A 1982-10-26 1983-10-18 Speisevorrichtung für abtastende Gruppenantenne Expired EP0108670B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8217917A FR2541518A1 (fr) 1982-10-26 1982-10-26 Dispositif d'alimentation d'une antenne reseau a faisceau de balayage
FR8217917 1982-10-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0108670A1 true EP0108670A1 (de) 1984-05-16
EP0108670B1 EP0108670B1 (de) 1988-09-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83402025A Expired EP0108670B1 (de) 1982-10-26 1983-10-18 Speisevorrichtung für abtastende Gruppenantenne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4692768A (de)
EP (1) EP0108670B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5999803A (de)
CA (1) CA1220544A (de)
DE (1) DE3378094D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2541518A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207511A3 (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Berlin Und Munchen Electronically scanned phased-array antenna
FR2628265A1 (fr) * 1987-03-06 1989-09-08 Thomson Csf Antenne directive a transducteurs multiples notamment pour sonar
EP0261983A3 (de) * 1986-09-26 1989-09-20 Com Dev Ltd. Verstellbares Strahlformungsnetzwerk zur Ausstrahlung einer Gleichphasigen Leistung nach jedem Gebiet
FR2638573A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-04 Alcatel Espace Antenne a balayage electronique
WO2005113114A1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-12-01 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Method and means for chemically modifying gases or fumes
WO2008056127A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Quintel Technology Limited Phased array antenna system with electrical tilt control

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US5144322A (en) * 1988-11-25 1992-09-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Large-aperture sparse array detector system for multiple emitter location
US5028930A (en) * 1988-12-29 1991-07-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Coupling matrix for a circular array microwave antenna
EP0441180B1 (de) * 1989-01-09 1999-07-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Mikrowellenschaltungselemente enthaltende integrierte Schaltungsanordnung
US4962381A (en) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-09 General Electric Company Systolic array processing apparatus
FR2663469B1 (fr) * 1990-06-19 1992-09-11 Thomson Csf Dispositif d'alimentation a des elements rayonnants d'une antenne reseau, et son application a une antenne d'un systeme d'aide a l'atterrissage du type mls.
US20070210959A1 (en) * 2006-03-07 2007-09-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Multi-beam tile array module for phased array systems
CN101807976B (zh) * 2009-02-16 2015-09-16 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种波频处理装置及方法
EP2923412B1 (de) * 2012-11-26 2019-07-03 Agence Spatiale Européenne Strahlformungsnetzwerk für eine gruppenantenne und gruppenantenne damit
US20160218429A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd. Phase control for antenna array
US11569575B2 (en) * 2019-05-10 2023-01-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Low-complexity beam steering in array apertures
US11796630B2 (en) 2021-01-28 2023-10-24 Ay Dee Kay Llc MIMO channel extenders with associated systems and methods

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US4080605A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-21 Raytheon Company Multi-beam radio frequency array antenna
GB2034525A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-06-04 Marconi Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to microwave transmission systems
US4228436A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-10-14 Hughes Aircraft Company Limited scan phased array system
US4257050A (en) * 1978-02-16 1981-03-17 George Ploussios Large element antenna array with grouped overlapped apertures

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US3803625A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-04-09 Itt Network approach for reducing the number of phase shifters in a limited scan phased array
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731315A (en) * 1972-04-24 1973-05-01 Us Navy Circular array with butler submatrices
US4080605A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-21 Raytheon Company Multi-beam radio frequency array antenna
US4257050A (en) * 1978-02-16 1981-03-17 George Ploussios Large element antenna array with grouped overlapped apertures
US4228436A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-10-14 Hughes Aircraft Company Limited scan phased array system
GB2034525A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-06-04 Marconi Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to microwave transmission systems

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207511A3 (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Berlin Und Munchen Electronically scanned phased-array antenna
EP0261983A3 (de) * 1986-09-26 1989-09-20 Com Dev Ltd. Verstellbares Strahlformungsnetzwerk zur Ausstrahlung einer Gleichphasigen Leistung nach jedem Gebiet
FR2628265A1 (fr) * 1987-03-06 1989-09-08 Thomson Csf Antenne directive a transducteurs multiples notamment pour sonar
FR2638573A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-04 Alcatel Espace Antenne a balayage electronique
EP0368121A1 (de) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-16 Alcatel Espace Antenne mit elektronisch gesteuerter Ablenkung
WO2005113114A1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-12-01 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Method and means for chemically modifying gases or fumes
WO2008056127A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Quintel Technology Limited Phased array antenna system with electrical tilt control
US9252485B2 (en) 2006-11-10 2016-02-02 Quintel Technology Limited Phased array antenna system with electrical tilt control
US10211529B2 (en) 2006-11-10 2019-02-19 Quintel Technology Limited Phased array antenna system with electrical tilt control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2541518B1 (de) 1985-03-08
US4692768A (en) 1987-09-08
FR2541518A1 (fr) 1984-08-24
CA1220544A (en) 1987-04-14
DE3378094D1 (en) 1988-10-27
EP0108670B1 (de) 1988-09-21
JPS5999803A (ja) 1984-06-08

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