EP0109514A1 - Einteiliger Filter und Atemgerät - Google Patents

Einteiliger Filter und Atemgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0109514A1
EP0109514A1 EP83109639A EP83109639A EP0109514A1 EP 0109514 A1 EP0109514 A1 EP 0109514A1 EP 83109639 A EP83109639 A EP 83109639A EP 83109639 A EP83109639 A EP 83109639A EP 0109514 A1 EP0109514 A1 EP 0109514A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
respirator
facepiece
filter
wearer
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP83109639A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard D. Maryyanek
Joseph Z. Zdrok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Optical Corp
Original Assignee
American Optical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Optical Corp filed Critical American Optical Corp
Publication of EP0109514A1 publication Critical patent/EP0109514A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/02—Masks
    • A62B18/025—Halfmasks

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a respirator and disposable filter with improved filtering capabilities, and improved wearer comfort, visibility and safety.
  • Prior-art, single-element respirators generally have a large, circular filter element which protrudes directly in front of the wearer's nostrils and mouth, as described in U.S. Patent 2,823,671.
  • the awkward position, shape, and large size of the filter element obstruct much of the wearer's forward vision and can cause discomfort.
  • NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  • Dual-element, one-half facepiece, molded, reusable respirator or a disposable respirator which covers much of the face, is generally used for silica dust, silica mist and asbestos environments.
  • Dual-element, reusable respirators generally have two circular filter elements which protrude next to or under the wearer's cheeks. The positioning of these filter elements obstructs a considerable portion of the wearer's sideward and downward vision. When these filters are in use, most of the radius through which arms, hands, or feet move cannot be seen by the wearer. Thus, working in or even walking close to potentially dangerous industrial areas requires extra caution when wearing this type of respirator.
  • Other problems in having two filter elements are an added complexity and expense for each respirator because of additional parts requirements.
  • Disposable respirators used in silica dust, silica mist and asbestos environments, also have inherent problems. They tend to cause wearer discomfort because they cover such a large area of the face. Disposable respirators are not as durable as molded reusable respirators, and may acquire holes or leaks, which could endanger the wearer's health. In addition, daily or frequent disposal of these respirators can be extremely costly.
  • Adjustable straps hold the respirator facepiece firmly onto the face.
  • An increased filter element area and an improved filter media reduce the inhalation resistance.
  • a new rubber compound used to manufacture the exhalation valve reduces the exhalation resistance, enabling the respirator to be worn in silica dust, silica mist and asbestos environments.
  • the respirator provides comfort to the respirator wearer and minimal obstruction of the wearer's vision, even with an increased filter element area, because of: 1) the particular location and geometry of the filter element (triangular-shaped and sloping); 2) the structure, positioning and size of the respirator facepiece; 3) the location and small size of the exhalation valves; and 4) the positioning of the straps. This improved vision which results enables the wearer to function more safely.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded view, illustrates the three main separable pieces of the respirator 10; the facepiece 12, the filter 14, and the filter cover 16.
  • the facepiece 12 as illustrated in Figs. 1-4, contains a facepiece body 18, two exhalation valves 20, a filter holder or housing 22 with a contained inhalation valve 24 and inhalation valve flap 26, and an elastic band 28.
  • the facepiece body 18 is made of a firm, flexible, molded material such as rubber and fits firmly and comfortably on the wearer's face.
  • An upper portion 30 of the facepiece body 18 is formed with an inwardly folding ridge 32 (Figs. 3 and 4) which conforms to
  • This inward folding ridge 32 extends around the inner perimeter of the facepiece body 18 in order to provide a good air seal during inhalation and exhalation so that air will pass only through the respirator inhalation valve 24 and exhalation valves 20, thus providing effective filtering.
  • This ridge 32 provides a flexible, non-irritating surface which conforms comfortably to the wearer's face.
  • An outer ridge 34 of the facepiece body 18 interior extends outwardly away from the inward folding ridge 32 around the perimeter of the facepiece body 18 where it is in contact with the wearer's face. This outer ridge 34 becomes wider in the region where the facepiece body 18 respirator covers the wearer's cheeks, causing a material stiffness which maintains the respirator's shape over this region while providing a second air seal.
  • the outer ridge 34 is rounded to provide a non-irritating, good contact with the wearer's face.
  • Side sections 36 of the facepiece body 18 are indented to fit along either side of the nose bridge just above the nostrils to give a snug fit.
  • a lower portion 38 of the facepiece body 18 is contoured to fit immediately above the wearer's chin.
  • the facepiece body 18 is cupped outward to keep it away from the wearer's nostrils and mouth, yet not so far as to cause visual obstruction.
  • Two exhalation valve mechanisms 20 are situated through circular holes in the facepiece body 18 in opposing positions on either side of the wearer's mouth.
  • the inner circumference of the rubber defining the circular holes is flanged out, forming an extended collar 40 in the facepiece body 18 to stabilize the exhalation valve mechanisms 20.
  • Each exhalation valve mechanism 20 consists essentially of a rigid, molded plastic, cylindrical valve seat 42 upon which a flexible valve flap 44 is seated, and a semi-rigid, molded plastic, protective, perforated valve cover 46.
  • the valve flap 44 is seated during inhalation, and because of its flexible properties, it opens by flexing outward when the wearer exhales.
  • a suitable rubber for forming valve flap 44 is identified as compound #R-47529 by Acushnet Company, New Bedford, Massachusetts.
  • a valve flap stem 48 which is the end section of the valve flap 44, is held in position by a rigid plastic ring-and-spoke system 50, allowing free movement of exhaled breath to act upon the flap 44.
  • the valve flap 44 made of a flexible material such as rubber, is protected from external damage and dirt by a valve cover 46 which is perforated by an array of holes 52 to allow free passage of exhaled breath.
  • a single inhalation valve mechanism 24 is positioned through a circular hole 54 in the facepiece body 18 in front of the wearer's nostrils.
  • hole 54 By placing hole 54 adjacent triangular filter housing (as opposed to centrally as is done in many prior art devices) as shown, lowering of the housing is possible enabling better viewing.
  • the inner circumference of this hole 54 is flanged out to form an extended collar 56 in the facepiece body 18 to stabilize the inhalation valve mechanism 24.
  • the inhalation valve mechanism 24, shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 consists essentially of a rigid, molded plastic, cylindrical valve seat 58 upon which a flexible valve flap 26 is seated; and a spoke-and-button system 60 which anchors the valve flap 26.
  • the inhalation valve flap 26, made of a thin flexible material such as rubber, is seated during exhalation and is flexed open during inhalation towards the wearer's nostrils. This valve flap 26 is fastened to a cylindrical button in the center of the spoke-and-button system 60 through a small cylindrical hole 62 in the inhalation valve flap 26, allowing free movement of inhaled, filtered air.
  • the intake of the inhalation valve mechanism 24 extends outward from the facepiece body 18 to become a contained part with the back of the filter holder 22.
  • Three posts 64 extending from the filter holder 22 hold a felt filter 14 in place within the filter housing element. Pins or posts 64 prevent sagging of the filter element against the rear wall of housing 22. Without the support provided by pins 64, increased breathing resistance would be produced by a lack of free space over and around hole 54 of the inhalation valve.
  • many prior art respirators have designs which do not prevent sagging of filter components against or toward inhalation valves.
  • an adjustable elastic band 28 loops from the facepiece body 18 to around the wearer's head and upper neck (Fig. 1).
  • the elastic band 28 passes through a D-shaped hole 66 in the end of a metal clip 68 (Figs. 1-3) on each side of the facepiece body 18, allowing band movement, and thus adjustment.
  • the opposite end of each metal clip 68 is embedded within a slot, located in an outward-extended tab 70 of the facepiece body 18.
  • the felt fiber 14 (Figs. 1 and 4) is triangular shaped and approximately 1 cm. thick. It is made of a new low resistance felt material as supplied by American Felt and Filter. This filter 14 has a larger area than conventional single element filters, and is thus effective in silica dust, silica mist and asbestos environments.
  • a triangular-shaped filter cover 16 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4) snaps onto the filter holder 22 to contain and protect the felt filter 14, while allowing air for breathing to flow into the respirator 10.
  • the top face of the filter cover screen 72 and the bottom face of the filter cover screen 74 are canted or slanted backward away from the plane of the center filter cover screen 76 toward the respirator facepiece 12 or wearer.
  • the enclosed filter 14, the filter cover rim 78, and the lower portion of the filter holder 22 also maintain this backward cant, producing a wraparound shape (Figs. 2 and 4) for the entire filter housing element, and thus providing improved visibility, safety and comfort for the respirator wearer.
  • a prior-art, circular, single-element filter (detached from a respirator) was mounted to a tapered adaptor, and tested in accordance with NIOSH silica dust and airflow resistance test requirement as specified by 30 CFR 11, Subpart K, Sections 11.140-4 and -9, summarized as follows: 11.140-4 Silica dust test; single-use or reusable filters; minimum requirements. a) Three respirators with single-use filters are tested for periods of 90 minutes each at continuous airflow rate of 32 liters per minute. b) The relative humidity in the test chamber is 20-80 percent, and the room temperature is approximately 25°C.
  • test suspension in the chamber is not less than 50 nor more than 60 milligrams of flint (99+ percent free silica) per cubic meter of air.
  • the flint in suspension is ground to pass 99+ percent through a 270-mesh sieve.
  • the particle-size distribution of the test suspension has a geometric mean of 0.4 to 0.6 micrometer, and the standard geometric deviation does not exceed 2.
  • the total amount of unretained test suspension in samples taken during testing shall not exceed 1.5 milligrams.
  • 11.140-9 Airflow resistance tests; all dust, fume, and mist respirators; minimum requirements.
  • Resistance to airflow is measured in the facepiece of a dust, fume or mist respirator mounted on a test fixture with air flowing at a continuous rate of 85 liters per minute, both before and after each test conducted in accordance with 11.140-4.
  • Respirator exhalation valves of the present invention were tested for exhalation with airflow resistance and exhalation valve leakage in accordance with NIOSH test requirements as specified by 30 CFR 11, Subpart K, Section 11.140-9 as listed in Example 1 and Section 11.140-10, summarized as follows: 11.140-10 Exhalationvalve leakage test; minimum requirements. a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats are subjected to a suction of 25 millimeters water column height while in a normal operating position. b) Leakage between the valve and valve seat shall not exceed 30 milliliters per minute.
  • Example 2 Following the procedures and NIOSH test specifications of Example 1, the triangular-shaped filter element of this invention, with an improved low resistance felt material filter media as supplied by American Felt and Filter Company of Newburgh, New York, was tested. The felt is identified as felt FFM47. Average test results for 48 tests performed are listed in Table 2.
  • Example 3 Following the procedures and NIOSH test specifications of Example 3 and using similar triangular-shaped filter elements and filter media materials, filter elements were tested by a different laboratory to compare results. Average test results for 36 tests performed are listed in Table 3.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP83109639A 1982-11-08 1983-09-27 Einteiliger Filter und Atemgerät Ceased EP0109514A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US43993082A 1982-11-08 1982-11-08
US439930 1982-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0109514A1 true EP0109514A1 (de) 1984-05-30

Family

ID=23746726

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109639A Ceased EP0109514A1 (de) 1982-11-08 1983-09-27 Einteiliger Filter und Atemgerät

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0109514A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59103677A (de)
AU (1) AU567691B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8306104A (de)
CA (1) CA1213496A (de)
ZA (1) ZA837291B (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003013657A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-20 North Safety Products Inc. Respirator
WO2006096284A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Conformal filter cartridges and methods
US9642403B2 (en) 2007-08-16 2017-05-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Strap fastening system for a disposable respirator providing improved donning
JP2018000982A (ja) * 2017-08-24 2018-01-11 株式会社重松製作所 呼吸用保護具
FR3109700A1 (fr) * 2020-05-01 2021-11-05 Concept Composites Auvergne 2Ca Masque de protection avec filtre interchangeable
WO2024082783A1 (zh) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-25 张建兴 口罩改良配件及过滤片检测方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6371270A (ja) * 1986-09-13 1988-03-31 シ−ブ　ノ−ス，インコ−ポレ−テツド 交換可能なフイルタ付呼吸マスク
JP6797172B2 (ja) * 2018-12-10 2020-12-09 金富裕興業股▲ふん▼有限公司 マスク

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE144267C (de) *
CH9133A (fr) * 1894-08-31 1895-03-31 Docteur Detourbe Felix Masque respirateur
US2181026A (en) * 1936-11-13 1939-11-21 Schwartz Nathan Respirator
US2201315A (en) * 1936-11-13 1940-05-21 American Optical Corp Respirator
GB761263A (en) * 1954-02-22 1956-11-14 Martindale Electric Company Lt Improvements in respiratory masks
US2823671A (en) * 1954-03-29 1958-02-18 Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp Respirator
US2895472A (en) * 1956-01-05 1959-07-21 Electric Storage Battery Co Respirator
US3014479A (en) * 1959-05-20 1961-12-26 Welsh Mfg Co Respirator
DE2329668A1 (de) * 1973-06-09 1975-01-02 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit atemschutzfilter

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE144267C (de) *
CH9133A (fr) * 1894-08-31 1895-03-31 Docteur Detourbe Felix Masque respirateur
US2181026A (en) * 1936-11-13 1939-11-21 Schwartz Nathan Respirator
US2201315A (en) * 1936-11-13 1940-05-21 American Optical Corp Respirator
GB761263A (en) * 1954-02-22 1956-11-14 Martindale Electric Company Lt Improvements in respiratory masks
US2823671A (en) * 1954-03-29 1958-02-18 Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp Respirator
US2895472A (en) * 1956-01-05 1959-07-21 Electric Storage Battery Co Respirator
US3014479A (en) * 1959-05-20 1961-12-26 Welsh Mfg Co Respirator
DE2329668A1 (de) * 1973-06-09 1975-01-02 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit atemschutzfilter

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003013657A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-20 North Safety Products Inc. Respirator
US6817362B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2004-11-16 North Safety Products Inc. Respirator
WO2006096284A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Conformal filter cartridges and methods
JP2008531194A (ja) * 2005-03-03 2008-08-14 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー コンフォーマルフィルタカートリッジおよび方法
US7419526B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2008-09-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Conformal filter cartridges and methods
RU2371218C2 (ru) * 2005-03-03 2009-10-27 Зм Инновейтив Пропертиз Компани Конформный фильтрующий элемент и способ его изготовления
CN101132835B (zh) * 2005-03-03 2012-01-11 3M创新有限公司 适形过滤筒及其制造方法
JP4866371B2 (ja) * 2005-03-03 2012-02-01 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー コンフォーマルフィルタカートリッジおよび方法
KR101276515B1 (ko) * 2005-03-03 2013-06-18 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 컨포멀 필터 카트리지 및 그 제조 방법
US9642403B2 (en) 2007-08-16 2017-05-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Strap fastening system for a disposable respirator providing improved donning
JP2018000982A (ja) * 2017-08-24 2018-01-11 株式会社重松製作所 呼吸用保護具
FR3109700A1 (fr) * 2020-05-01 2021-11-05 Concept Composites Auvergne 2Ca Masque de protection avec filtre interchangeable
WO2024082783A1 (zh) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-25 张建兴 口罩改良配件及过滤片检测方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1952383A (en) 1984-05-17
BR8306104A (pt) 1984-06-12
CA1213496A (en) 1986-11-04
JPS59103677A (ja) 1984-06-15
ZA837291B (en) 1984-06-27
AU567691B2 (en) 1987-12-03

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840804

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19861030

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18R Application refused

Effective date: 19880718

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: ZDROK, JOSEPH Z.

Inventor name: MARYYANEK, RICHARD D.