EP0116512A1 - Faserentbindezusammensetzung enthaltend eine Diamid quaternäre Ammoniumverbindung, sowie eine alkoxylierte Fettsäure - Google Patents
Faserentbindezusammensetzung enthaltend eine Diamid quaternäre Ammoniumverbindung, sowie eine alkoxylierte Fettsäure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0116512A1 EP0116512A1 EP84630017A EP84630017A EP0116512A1 EP 0116512 A1 EP0116512 A1 EP 0116512A1 EP 84630017 A EP84630017 A EP 84630017A EP 84630017 A EP84630017 A EP 84630017A EP 0116512 A1 EP0116512 A1 EP 0116512A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- formulation
- fatty alcohol
- debonding
- cellulose fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 polyoxy Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013055 pulp slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NARVIWMVBMUEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxy-propylene Natural products CC(O)=C NARVIWMVBMUEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010015946 Eye irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000013 eye irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013031 physical testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
- D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
- D21C9/005—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives organic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to paper debonders and more particularly to a novel paper or fiber debonding formulation.
- tissue debonder reduces the tensile strength of the tissue by weakening the cellulosic fiber-to-fiber bond. Desirably, the ability of the tissue to absorb moisture is not adversely effected by the paper debonder.
- paper debonders are being employed in two consumer product lines.
- One line is the disposable tissue (facial and bathroom) product line where debonders are added to the pulp slurry in the wet end of the tissue manufacturing operation.
- the debonders are expected to provide a finished tissue of improved softness.
- Disposable diapers are the second consumer product line employing debonders and their use is somewhat different than the use of debonders in disposable tissue production.
- the paper debonder is added to the pulp slurry at the wet end of the disposable diaper manufacturing operation (ie. at the same manufacturing juncture as in the disposable tissue manufacturing operation), but the debonder functions as a processing aid to assist in the fluffing of the finished paper sheet into the bulky diaper sheeting.
- the reduced tensile strength of the pulp fibers thus, aids mechanical pickers in fluffing the dried pulp into a bulky sheeting which is soft yet retains excellent water absorbency.
- the present invention is directed to a novel fiber debonding formulation which is not only effective in reducing the cellulosic fiber-to-fiber bond, but also is non-toxic and safe (very low eye and skin irritation).
- the present invention is a method for treating cellulosic pulp fibers to reduce interfiber bonding and to reduce the mechanical strength of webs formed therefrom.
- the method is characterized by blending with an aqueous cellulosic pulp slurry a debonding formulation comprising:
- the resulting debonded cellulosic fiber pulp web possessing reduced interfiber bonding and reduced mechanical strength results from the foregoing method and additionally comprises an aspect of the present invention.
- Advantages of the present invention include the excellent performance imparted by the paper debonders of the present invention in reducing interfiber bonding and reducing mechanical strength for providing fluffy webs of treated pulp which webs or sheets additionally possess excellent moisture absorbency characteristics. Another advantage is that the ingredients of the debonder formulation are non-toxic and are non-irritants. A further advantage is the debonding formulation is fluid at room temperature and is easily handleable by the fluffed pulp or tissue manufacturer.
- alkoxylated fatty acids or fatty alcohols employed in the debonding formulation of the present invention traditionally have not been recognized as effective paper debonders themselves.
- the disclosed quaternary ammonium compounds and alkoxylated fatty acids or fatty alcohols provide a unique (synergistic) fiber debonding formulation which is extremely effective and its effectiveness is quite unexpected based upon the prior art.
- such quaternary amido ammonium compounds can be represented by the general formula :
- R will comprise a CS-C 30 aliphatic group and preferably such groups are hydrocarbyl (fatty) groups. It must be recognized, however, that the occasional presence of oxygen or nitrogen in such substituents may be encountered and their presence is permissible provided that the resulting quaternary ammonium compound in combination with the alkoxylated fatty acid will provide a debonding formulation which possesses the requisite fluidity for use as a paper debonder at commercial scale operations.
- R1 is a C 12 -C 18 aliphatic group typically being a fatty group derived from natural and synthetic fatty acids.
- R 2 comprises a (polyoxy alkylene) hydroxy alkyl group which results from the alkoxylation of the amine nitrogen to which it is attached. Desirably, R 2 will result from the ethoxylation or propoxylation of the amine nitrogen to which it is attached.
- R3 preferably is a C l -C 4 alkyl group and results from the conventional alkylation of a tertiary amine for forming a quaternary ammonium compound.
- X is a monovalent anion typically encountered in the formation of quaternary ammonium compounds and most often will be halogen, nitrate, acetate, hydroxide, sulfate, or the like though chlorine and sulfate are the most prevelant.
- Synthesis of the quaternary ammonium compounds is based upon diethylene triamine (2,2'-diaminodiethylamine).
- the diethylene triamine molecule is reacted with a C 8 -C 30 carboxylic acid for forming amide groups.
- carboxylic or fatty acids gives rise to the R l substituent.
- the resulting diamidoamine then is alkoxylated in conventional fashion and to such an extent that essentially a 100 percent tertiary amine contentresults in the reaction mixture. While theoretically only about one mole of alkylene oxide is required for this reaction, generally an excess, eg. up to 50 percent, will be used to ensure the tertiary amine content requirement.
- ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are the reactants of choice and will result in formation of the R 2 substituent.
- the diamido tertiary amine molecule is alkylated in conventional fashion to form the resulting quaternary ammonium structure.
- Alkyl halogens, alkyl nitrates, alkyl sulfates, etc. will be used for this reaction in conventional fashion and will result in the R 3 substituent and the X monovalent anion.
- the resulting quaternary ammonium compound can be cut in an alcohol, glycol, or similar solvent for increasing its handling characteristics and/or to supply a desired actives concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound for formulating the debonder formulation of the present invention.
- the proportion of quaternary ammonium compound in the ultimate debonding formulation generally will be from between about 10% or 50% by weight of the debonding formulation.
- the fatty acids or alcohols are conventional in nature broadly ranging from C S -C 30 fatty acids or alcohols, advantageously C 12 -C 22 and preferably C 18 fatty acids or alcohols.
- the fatty acids or alcohols are alkoxylated in conventional fashion, advantageously with ethylene oxide, though propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and other conventional alkylene oxides may be used in this reaction scheme.
- the proportion of alkoxy groups generally should be from between about 2 and 12 moles of alkoxy group per mole of fatty acid or alcohol and advantageously from between about 4 and 7 moles per mole of fatty acid or alcohol.
- the proportion of alkoxylated fatty acid or alcohol in the debonding formulation will range from between about 90% to 50% by weight of the debonding formulation.
- the debonding formulation optionally may contain minor proportions of solvents for improving the fluidity and handling characteristics of the debonding formulation.
- solvents for improving the fluidity and handling characteristics of the debonding formulation.
- propylene glycol orthe like may be used in the debonding formulation for improving handling characteristics of the debonding formulation without imparting any adverse effects to the debonded pulp.
- Additional such fluidity-improving solvents include, for example, alkanols, other alkyleneglycols, ethers and the like.
- the proportion of alkoxylated fatty acid or alcohol is rediced to accommodate such solvents for providing between about 40 and 60weight percent alkoxylated fatty acid or alcohol and between about 5 and 20 percent fluidity-enhancing solvent.
- the debonding formulation is manufactured readily by mechanical blending of the quaternary ammonium compound and alkoxylated fatty acid or fatty alcohol in conventional fashion, optionally also containing a fluidity-enhancing solvent.
- the debonding formulation is applied to an aqueous pulp slurry in conventional fashion.
- the type of pulp employed is not a limitation on use of the debonding formulations and can be conventional Kraft pulp or sulfitepulp.
- the debonding formulation is added to the aqueous slurry in a proportion of between about 0.1 and 2% (by weight of the dry pulp solids),advantageously from between about 0.2 and 1%, and preferably between about 0.2 and 0.4 weight percent.
- the pulp slurry can be intended for tissue production, disposable diaper production, or any other cellulosic fiber product wherein reduced tensile strength is desired.
- the pulp slurry will be fluffed for production of disposable diapers, sanitary absorbents, and the like.
- the sheets were removed from the mold and pressed between dry blotters at a pressure of 3.5 kg/cm 2 (50 psi) for a period of 5 minutes on a first press followed by 2 minutes on a second press.
- the pressed sheets then were placed in TAPPI drying ring which were housed under standardized conditions of a constant temperature of 21.1 0 C (70°F) and 50% relative humidity for drying overnight.
- the conditioned hand sheets were tested in accordance with standard test methods set forth below :
- the debonders were added to the pulp at the rate of 1.5 g per kilogram of pulp.
- the pulp was softwood Kraft pulp (Albacel) for the first text series and softwood sulfite pulp (Puget S) for the second test series. The following test results were recorded.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46555383A | 1983-02-10 | 1983-02-10 | |
| US465553 | 1983-02-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0116512A1 true EP0116512A1 (de) | 1984-08-22 |
Family
ID=23848274
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84630017A Withdrawn EP0116512A1 (de) | 1983-02-10 | 1984-02-08 | Faserentbindezusammensetzung enthaltend eine Diamid quaternäre Ammoniumverbindung, sowie eine alkoxylierte Fettsäure |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0116512A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS59163499A (de) |
| PT (1) | PT78086B (de) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5552020A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1996-09-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Tissue products containing softeners and silicone glycol |
| WO1997049858A1 (de) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-31 | Ildiko Tanczos | Verfahren zur herstellung von zellstoff/cellulose |
| US5730839A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1998-03-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of creping tissue webs containing a softener using a closed creping pocket |
| US6156157A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 2000-12-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making soft tissue with improved bulk softness and surface softness |
| US6379498B1 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2002-04-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for adding an adsorbable chemical additive to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method |
| US6582560B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
| US7749356B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2010-07-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
| WO2015165783A1 (de) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-11-05 | Mondi Ag | Modifizierter zellstoff |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4531503B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-17 | 2010-08-25 | 花王株式会社 | 紙質向上剤 |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1030396A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1966-05-25 | I C I Organics Inc | Bis-acyl-dialkylene triamines |
| US3677886A (en) * | 1968-12-27 | 1972-07-18 | Korsnaes Marma Ab | Method of producing highly absorbent cellulose |
| DE2254120A1 (de) * | 1972-11-04 | 1974-05-16 | Pelz & Co Kg W | Sauggaehiges fasermaterial fuer hygienische und medizinische zwecke |
| US4144122A (en) * | 1976-10-22 | 1979-03-13 | Berol Kemi Ab | Quaternary ammonium compounds and treatment of cellulose pulp and paper therewith |
| FR2431569A1 (fr) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-15 | Kenogard Ab | Procede pour la fabrication de pate pour duvet |
| US4233164A (en) * | 1979-06-05 | 1980-11-11 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Liquid fabric softener |
| EP0049924A1 (de) * | 1980-10-15 | 1982-04-21 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Verfahren zur Herstellung von weichem, absorbierenden Gewebepapier und so hergestelltes Papier |
-
1984
- 1984-02-08 EP EP84630017A patent/EP0116512A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-02-09 PT PT7808684A patent/PT78086B/pt unknown
- 1984-02-10 JP JP59024204A patent/JPS59163499A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1030396A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1966-05-25 | I C I Organics Inc | Bis-acyl-dialkylene triamines |
| US3677886A (en) * | 1968-12-27 | 1972-07-18 | Korsnaes Marma Ab | Method of producing highly absorbent cellulose |
| DE2254120A1 (de) * | 1972-11-04 | 1974-05-16 | Pelz & Co Kg W | Sauggaehiges fasermaterial fuer hygienische und medizinische zwecke |
| US4144122A (en) * | 1976-10-22 | 1979-03-13 | Berol Kemi Ab | Quaternary ammonium compounds and treatment of cellulose pulp and paper therewith |
| FR2431569A1 (fr) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-15 | Kenogard Ab | Procede pour la fabrication de pate pour duvet |
| US4233164A (en) * | 1979-06-05 | 1980-11-11 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Liquid fabric softener |
| EP0049924A1 (de) * | 1980-10-15 | 1982-04-21 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Verfahren zur Herstellung von weichem, absorbierenden Gewebepapier und so hergestelltes Papier |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5552020A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1996-09-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Tissue products containing softeners and silicone glycol |
| US5730839A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1998-03-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of creping tissue webs containing a softener using a closed creping pocket |
| US6156157A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 2000-12-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for making soft tissue with improved bulk softness and surface softness |
| WO1997049858A1 (de) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-31 | Ildiko Tanczos | Verfahren zur herstellung von zellstoff/cellulose |
| US6379498B1 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2002-04-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for adding an adsorbable chemical additive to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method |
| US6582560B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
| US6984290B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2006-01-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for applying water insoluble chemical additives with to pulp fiber |
| US7749356B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2010-07-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
| US7993490B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2011-08-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for applying chemical additives to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method |
| WO2015165783A1 (de) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-11-05 | Mondi Ag | Modifizierter zellstoff |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT78086A (en) | 1984-03-01 |
| JPS59163499A (ja) | 1984-09-14 |
| PT78086B (en) | 1986-04-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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