EP0118334B2 - Strombegrenzender Schalter - Google Patents

Strombegrenzender Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118334B2
EP0118334B2 EP84400205A EP84400205A EP0118334B2 EP 0118334 B2 EP0118334 B2 EP 0118334B2 EP 84400205 A EP84400205 A EP 84400205A EP 84400205 A EP84400205 A EP 84400205A EP 0118334 B2 EP0118334 B2 EP 0118334B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
contact
limiting switch
switch
current limiting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84400205A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0118334A1 (de
EP0118334B1 (de
Inventor
Elie Belbel
Christian Blanchard
Louis Fechant
André Haury
Michel Lauraire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telemecanique SA
Original Assignee
La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by La Telemecanique Electrique SA filed Critical La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Publication of EP0118334A1 publication Critical patent/EP0118334A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0118334B1 publication Critical patent/EP0118334B1/de
Publication of EP0118334B2 publication Critical patent/EP0118334B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/107—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops
    • H01H77/108—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops comprising magnetisable elements, e.g. flux concentrator, linear slot motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to limit switches comprising, in a housing: at least one movable lever subjected to the action of an elastic member which applies against each other contact pads placed at the respective ends of the lever arm carrying the movable contact and a contact support roughly parallel to said arm; a thin insulating screen placed between said lever arm and the support so that its edge is inserted between the contact pads, maintaining the insulation between the lever and the support when the latter separate from one another due to the circulation of short-circuit currents in the switch.
  • this switch is caused by a mechanical action of the screen on the levers and does not result from a separation of the latter following the appearance of short-circuit currents: a rapid metallization of the screen by friction on a molten metal, therefore a loss of insulation, may result.
  • the document FR-A-1 541 810 describes an electrical appliance with rapid cut-off in which an insulating screen is inserted between two contacts and then engages in a groove formed on a wall of the housing enclosing the appliance. However, the two chambers formed by the movement of the screen are not completely separated from each other.
  • the invention therefore proposes to provide in an extremely simple manner, to a limit switch whose general constitution corresponds to that which is mentioned above, improvements aimed at reducing the energy dissipated during a power cut this short circuit of low to high intensity and to simplify the structure of the extinguishing chambers so as to radically reduce the volume of the device.
  • the limiter switch 1 ( Figure 1) comprises an insulating housing 2 constituted for example by association of two symmetrical half-housings 3, 4, along a joint plane which is that of the figure.
  • a first internal region 5 ′ of the housing placed below a plane QQ ′ defined below, contains two contact levers 6 and 7, the arms 8 and 9 of which are roughly parallel to each other and whose lower ends 10, 11 are pivoted around respective parallel axes 12, 13. These lower ends are connected by conductive braids 14, 15 to connection terminals 16, 17 placed outside the housing to establish connections, on the one hand with a supply line and, on the other hand, with a load, possibly with the interposition of another protective device such as a circuit breaker.
  • levers are equipped with contact pad 20, 21; these are placed directly at these ends, which therefore do not have extensions or arc horns such as may be encountered on certain breaking devices having similar applications.
  • This force must be sufficient to maintain a pressure between the pellets such that any risk of welding is eliminated when currents of the order of 10 to 15 times the nominal current of the switch cause electro-dynamic forces between the arms of the levers. opposite direction to those of the springs.
  • these springs exert their actions in the plane QQ ′, which passes substantially through the contact pads.
  • a thin insulating screen 49 is placed, the edges 46, 47, 48 of which are engaged with a slight clearance in the guide grooves 36, 37, 38 (see also FIG. 2).
  • an upper edge 50 of the screen is applied to the edge of at least one of the contact pads by compression springs 51, 52 placed in housings 53, 54 opening opposite the lower edge 47 of the screen (see also FIG. 2); these springs 51, 52 bear, in opposite direction to the edge 50 on a wall near the bottom 43 of the housing or on the latter (see FIG. 4).
  • Each half-housing has in an area 5 ⁇ , placed above the plane QQ ′ an insulating transverse wall 103, 103 ′ which extends substantially parallel to the plane QQ ′ and has a surface 104 directed towards the end of the two levers; these two walls are applied one on the other along the joint plane when the half-housings 3, 4 are assembled.
  • the surface 104 is placed in the immediate vicinity of the ends, 18, 19 with sufficient play so as not to hinder their movements; it itself constitutes the bottom of a corridor 55 whose width, measured parallel to the axis of the pivots of the levers, is slightly greater than the width "e" of the contact pads (see FIG. 4).
  • the region of the surface 104 which is placed opposite the upper edge 50 ⁇ of the screen has slight undulations 56 ⁇ (see FIG. 5a), or also has prismatic grooves 56 ′ ′ ′ (see Figure 5b).
  • the profiles of the upper edges 50 ⁇ , 50 ′ ′ ′ have, in these cases, complementary shapes visible in these figures.
  • the surface 104 has, facing the upper edge 50 of the screen, a slot or notch 57 up to the bottom of which the latter penetrates during the opening of the switch.
  • this groove 57 is advantageously connected either to channels 58, 59 which open on its sides, or to a channel 60 which opens in the extension of the groove, or to a multiplicity of channels of each of the two kinds .
  • These channels communicate in turn with a decompression circuit comprising channels 61, 62, 63, placed between the walls 103, 39, 40 and side walls 64, 65, 66 of the housing, to lead to the atmosphere by two vents 67, 68 neighbors of the terminals.
  • These channel portions 61, 63 can advantageously bypass housings 69, 70 in which the contact pressure springs are guided.
  • the gases which appear at the moment of the bursting of the arc can be evacuated along the corridor 55, in the direction of the vents 68, 67 and their pressure is balanced by the presence of channels 61, 62, 63.
  • the gases can escape, not only through one of the channels 58, 59, 60 and join the vents through the channels 61, 62, 63 which bypass housings guide 69, 70 of the springs 22, 23, but also by indentations 96, 97 of attached sleeves 69, 70 containing the springs and connecting the passage 55 to the vents 68, 67.
  • the speed of movement of the screen is sufficient to avoid a certain stagnation of the arc which could damage the contacts; however, it is not such that the rise in the arc voltage is too sudden and results in the generation of shock waves capable of exploding the housing.
  • Damping means suitable for preventing such twists and using, for example friction, are therefore associated with the screen to prevent a backward movement after percussion.
  • damping means When the screen enters a groove such as 57, these damping means can be placed inside the latter; it can be seen, in FIG. 7, that the upper edge 71 of the screen 72 has the shape of a bevel capable of cooperating with a sheet or elastic layer 73 whose shape corresponds to that of the bevel and which is, if necessary, associated with lateral pressure means 74, 75.
  • the damping means can be arranged in the partition 41 to prevent a possible retreat of the screen (see FIG. 8); a blade, clamp or elastic thread 76 is disposed at the bottom of the groove 37, so as to present at least one end 77, movable against a face 78 of the screen 49 when the latter is at rest, and to maintain this screen in the upper working position, by cooperation with its lower edge 47.
  • the upper edge 84 of the screen 85 has in its plane the shape of a trapezoid whose inclined sides 86, 87 are applied on two inclined side walls 88, 89 of the housing, so as to cause a slight wedging effect which holds the screen and prevents it from bouncing; the end part 90 and the lateral parts 92, 93 of this upper edge can advantageously engage in notches 91, 94, 95 to establish baffles, because it is, in this case, difficult to manufacture two exactly identical profiles which are capable of operating in total isolation between the two parts of the switch; it goes without saying that baffles could also be arranged opposite the inclined sides, as indicated by dotted lines in the figure.
  • the contacts can either come to bear elastically on the opposite faces of the screen, or be kept away from the latter by hooking means capable of retaining the contact levers, for example using springs with neutral passage, or using hooks, not illustrated in the figures.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Strombegrenzender Schalter, mit einem Gehäuse, das einen Innenraum begrenzt, welcher auf einer Seite von einer Isolierwand (103) abgeschlossen ist, deren Innenfläche (104) mit mindestens einer Einkerbung (57) versehen ist, deren Achse in einer Ebene (R, R′) parallel zu besagter Fläche (104) verläuft und die besagten Raum in zwei abgesonderte Kammern (100, 101) unterteilt, wobei besagte Einkerbung und besagte Kammern (100, 101) mit jeweiligen, an die Aussenatmosphäre angeschlossenen, Druckverminderkreisen (61, 62, 63) in Verbindung stehen und in besagtem Gehäuse angeordnet sind :
- ein erster Kontakthalter (6), der aus einem beweglichen Hebel besteht, von dem ein Arm (8), der sich in eine der beiden Kammern (100) erstreckt, an einem Ende in nächster Nachbarschaft zur besagten Fläche (104) ein erstes Kontaktstück (20) trägt,
- ein, in der zweiten Kammer (101) angeordneter, zweiter Kontakthalter (7), der an einem, in nächster Nachbarschaft zu besagter Fläche (104) angeordneten Ende ein zweites, gegenüber dem ersten Kontaktstück (20) angeordnetes Kontaktstück (21) trägt, wobei besagter zweiter Kontakthalter (7) sich in der Nähe des besagten Arms (8) und im wesentlichen parallel zu diesem erstreckt, um so elektrodynamische Abstosskräfte zu entwickeln, welche die Trennung der beiden Kontaktstücke (20, 21) verursachen, wenn, infolge eines Kurzschlusses, durch die beiden Kontakthalter (6, 7) ein intensiver Strom fliesst,
- erste elastische Mittel (22), die auf besagten Hebel wirken, um die beiden Kontaktstücke (20, 21) gegeneinanderzupressen, um den Schalter zu schliessen,
- ein dünner, elektrisch isolierender, in der Ebene (R, R′) beweglicher Schirm (49), auf den zweite elastische Mittel (51, 52) wirken, sodass er, wenn der Schalter geschlossen ist, eine gespannte Stellung einnehmen kann, in der er sich zwischen dem Arm (8) und dem ersten Halter (7) erstreckt, während seine Vorderkante (50) durch das erste Kontaktstück (20) zurückgehalten wird, gegen die Wirkung der zweiten elastischen Mittel (51, 52) und eine ausgelöste Stellung, in welcher der Schirm sich zwischen die beiden Kontaktstücke (20, 21) schiebt, während seine Vorderkante (50) mindestens teilweise in besagte Einkerbung (57) eindringt und dichtend und voll elektrisch isolierend die beiden besagten Kammern (100, 101) voneinander trennt, wobei der Übergang von der gespannten zu der ausgelösten Stellung des Schirmes (49) bei Kurzschluss erfolgt, wenn die Kontaktstücke (20, 21) sich extrem schnell voneinander trennen, unter dem Einfluss der besagten elektrodynamischen Abstosskräfte und elektromagnetischer Kräfte, die von dem ersten Kontakthalter (6) zugeordneten Magnetteilen (24, 25) erzeugt werden und besagte Trennung den Schirm (49) freisetzt, der dann zwischen die Kontaktstücke (20, 21) getrieben wird, sobald diese durch einen Abstand getrennt sind, welcher der Dicke des Schirms (49) entspricht und besagter Schirm am Ende seines Hubs die Löschung des Lichtbogens bewirkt, welcher sich dann tangential zur Bewegungsrichtung des ersten Kontaktstückes (20) anordnet, durch völlige Scherung seiner Querschnittsfläche.
2. Begrenzungsschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Innenfläche der Isolierwand (104) etwa in einer Ebene angeordnet ist, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der verläuft, welche die Kontakthalter enthält.
3. Begrenzungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die bewegliche(n) Kontakt(e) mit geringem Spielraum in einem tangentialen Durchgang (55) verschoben wird, bzw. werden, dessen Abschluss durch die besagte Isolierwand gebildet wird, während der Schirm (49) mit geringem Spielraum in Nuten (36, 38) geführt wird, die in den parallel zur Ebene der Kontakthalter verlaufenden Flächen des Gehäuses vorgesehen sind.
4. Begrenzungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenfläche der Isolierwand Wellungen (56˝, Figur 5b) oder prismatische Nuten (56˝′, Figur 5c) aufweist, und dass die der Kante des Schirms (49) gegenüberliegende Fläche eine komplementäre Form besitzt.
5. Begrenzungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch auf besagter Innenfläche (104) vorgesehene Puffermittel, zur Verhinderung eines Rückschlages des Schirms (49).
6. Begrenzungsschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Puffermittel eine Anschrägung (71) der Schirmkante aufweisen und eine komplementäre elastische Schicht (73), welche den Spalt oder Einschnitt (57) auskleidet.
7. Begrenzungsschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Puffermittel ein elastisches Organ (76) aufweisen, welches mit der Kante des Schirms zusammenwirkt, die der mit der Innenfläche (104) in Berührung kommenden gegenüberliegt.
8. Begrenzungsschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei den Puffermitteln die Kante (85, 86, 87) des Schirms (49) und der gegenüberliegende Abschnitt (88-89) der besagten Innenfläche so ausgebildet sind, dass ein Klemmeffekt erzeugt wird.
EP84400205A 1983-02-04 1984-01-31 Strombegrenzender Schalter Expired - Lifetime EP0118334B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8301750A FR2540666B1 (fr) 1983-02-04 1983-02-04 Interrupteur limiteur
FR8301750 1983-02-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118334A1 EP0118334A1 (de) 1984-09-12
EP0118334B1 EP0118334B1 (de) 1986-08-20
EP0118334B2 true EP0118334B2 (de) 1992-01-29

Family

ID=9285598

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400205A Expired - Lifetime EP0118334B2 (de) 1983-02-04 1984-01-31 Strombegrenzender Schalter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4536630A (de)
EP (1) EP0118334B2 (de)
JP (1) JPS59146127A (de)
BR (1) BR8400457A (de)
CA (1) CA1201468A (de)
DE (2) DE118334T1 (de)
FR (1) FR2540666B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA84601B (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2573913B1 (fr) * 1984-11-26 1987-01-09 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur electrique a ecran
FR2573912B1 (fr) * 1984-11-26 1987-01-09 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur electrique a ecran
FR2581476B1 (fr) * 1985-05-06 1987-06-19 Telemecanique Electrique Appareil disjoncteur-limiteur pour reseau a moyenne tension
FR2596196B1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1988-08-26 Telemecanique Electrique Appareil interrupteur de protection muni d'un ecran de coupure d'arc
DE3770516D1 (de) * 1986-04-04 1991-07-11 Telemecanique Electrique Elektrischer schalter fuer schutzgeraet, wie schutzschalter.
DE102015202221A1 (de) * 2015-02-09 2016-08-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Automatische Kurzschlusstrennvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE591598C (de) * 1931-08-19 1934-01-24 Aeg Elektrischer Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch ein stroemendes, gasfoermiges Medium
DE921512C (de) * 1940-06-04 1954-12-20 Siemens Ag Schalter
DE1010618B (de) * 1952-01-21 1957-06-19 Rudolf Bogenschuetz Ges Mit Be Lichtbogenkammer fuer elektrische Selbstschalter
FR1238660A (fr) * 1958-10-16 1960-08-12 Siemens Ag Dispositif pour allonger les arcs électriques
BE635001A (de) * 1962-07-16
FR1541810A (fr) * 1967-09-01 1968-10-11 Comp Generale Electricite Appareil électrique de coupure à rupture rapide
AT290211B (de) * 1967-11-14 1971-05-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-Einspritzpumpe für Brennkraftmaschinen, mit hochdruckdichtem Elementenverband
US3671748A (en) * 1970-08-24 1972-06-20 Computervision Corp Method and apparatus for positioner calibration system
JPS54145971A (en) * 1978-05-09 1979-11-14 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Breaker for wiring
JPS55159532A (en) * 1979-05-30 1980-12-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Circuit breaker
FR2511185A1 (fr) * 1981-08-07 1983-02-11 Telemecanique Electrique Dispositif automatique de limitation de courants de court-circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59146127A (ja) 1984-08-21
DE3460492D1 (en) 1986-09-25
FR2540666A1 (fr) 1984-08-10
US4536630A (en) 1985-08-20
ZA84601B (en) 1984-09-26
CA1201468A (fr) 1986-03-04
EP0118334A1 (de) 1984-09-12
FR2540666B1 (fr) 1986-10-10
BR8400457A (pt) 1984-09-11
EP0118334B1 (de) 1986-08-20
DE118334T1 (de) 1984-12-20

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