EP0120573A2 - Fabrication de produits alimentaires pour animaux - Google Patents

Fabrication de produits alimentaires pour animaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0120573A2
EP0120573A2 EP84300885A EP84300885A EP0120573A2 EP 0120573 A2 EP0120573 A2 EP 0120573A2 EP 84300885 A EP84300885 A EP 84300885A EP 84300885 A EP84300885 A EP 84300885A EP 0120573 A2 EP0120573 A2 EP 0120573A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starch
meal
process according
rich
enzyme
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84300885A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0120573A3 (fr
Inventor
Bruin Hoogstad
Hans Wilfrudus Maria Jansen
Antonius Hendrikus Sijmons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever NV
Publication of EP0120573A2 publication Critical patent/EP0120573A2/fr
Publication of EP0120573A3 publication Critical patent/EP0120573A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/11—Cassava, manioc, tapioca, or fermented products thereof, e.g. gari

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of feedstuffs for animals, and particularly to the manufacture of partially-hydrolysed carbohydrate materials useful as ingredients in animal feedstuffs.
  • the invention provides a process for the manufacture of a starch-rich material useful as an animal feedstuff ingredient, in which process a starch-rich meal is subjected to hydrolysis by an alpha-amylase enzyme capable of hydrolysing starch to dextrins having a degree of polymerisation (DP) in the range 4 to 10, the hydrolysis being conducted at a total dry solids content of at least 50% by weight.
  • an alpha-amylase enzyme capable of hydrolysing starch to dextrins having a degree of polymerisation (DP) in the range 4 to 10
  • DP degree of polymerisation
  • starch-rich meal should contain at least 50% by weight starch, and ideally at least 60%.
  • Starch rich meals from a wide variety of sources conventionally used in the manufacture of compound animal feeds can be used in the invention, e.g. potato starch, maize and wheat.
  • a most preferred substrate is tapioca, i.e. meal from the root of the cassava (manioc) plant.
  • the meal should have a maximum particle size of less than 1000 microns.
  • Suitable enzymes can be obtained commercially from a variety of sources. In general these are bacterial in origin, and bacterial alpha-amylases are preferred.
  • the enzyme should ideally break down starch into dextrins but not further into substantial quantities of monosaccharides or disaccharides. Moreover, ideally the enzyme should function rapidly at high temperature (preferably up to at least 100°C), so leading to maximum process efficiency.
  • amylase enzyme that hydrolyses starch to dextrins having a degree of polymerisation (DP) of 5 glucose units. Depending on the completeness of the enzymatic reaction, much of the starch may remain in the form of longer molecules that will generally exhibit DP's in multiples of 5, for example 10 or 15.
  • the process of the invention can be performed by blending enzyme with the starch-rich meal, in the presence of at least sufficient moisture to enable the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch to occur.
  • the reaction mixture should be stirred or otherwise kept in a state of agitation throughout the hydrolysing process.
  • the moisture level in the reaction mixture will generally need to be at least 15% by weight, for a satisfactory enzymatic hydrolysis to take place.
  • the final product contains a high moisture level it may need to be subjected to severe or prolonged drying before it can be used as a feed ingredient, and this would be very wasteful in energy terms.
  • This disadvantage has been a feature of processes described in the prior art. It is a distinct advantage of the process of the invention that it can be operated-at quite low moisture levels and the product so formed can often be added directly to a compound feed formulation without any intervening drying.
  • the process of the invention can be operated at a moisture level of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, and more preferably less than 30%, by weight.
  • the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch is preferably being conducted at solids contents of at least 60%, and indeed more preferably at least 70%, by weight.
  • the moisture in the reaction mixture can be derived from any combination of several sources.
  • the starch-rich meal itself will normally contain some moisture, and hence "dry" meal is usually in equilibrium with its surroundings and may contain up to 20% by weight moisture. More usually, a moisture level of 10 to 16% by weight will be contributed by the meal itself.
  • the enzyme will usually be added in aqueous slurry form, and indeed it is more easily handled in this form, although enzyme powders or granules can be used if desired.
  • water can be added separately to the reaction mixture, and the direct injection of steam can thus be advantageous.
  • the reaction mixture should be heated to a temperature at which the enzyme can work efficiently.
  • Amylase enzymes are available that can withstand temperatures of up to 100°C or more, and the operating temperature of a process of the invention is preferably in the range 80 to 110°C, and most preferably in the range 90-105°C. However, the process can be conducted at any temperature greater than, say, 60°C, provided that the particular enzyme used is not denatured.
  • the manner in which such heating is achieved is not critical, but ideally it is conducted by means of indirect or direct steam heating.
  • a combination of direct and indirect heating can be used if desired, and a very suitable batch-scale operation can be conducted by recycling the reaction mixture continuously through an indirect heat exchanger and simultaneously injecting steam into the reaction mixture.
  • the meal and enzyme can be mixed and passed through a heated reaction chamber before being blended with other feed materials in a conventional compounding process.
  • starch hydrolysis can be conducted very rapidly, especially in the context of a continuous process. We have found that processing times of less than 10 minutes, and indeed considerably less than 5 minutes, are quite adequate to achieve a reacted product that can be used as a feed ingredient.
  • Enzymes are generally sensitive to pH, and hence this parameter should be controlled in accordance with such advice as may be obtained from the enzyme supplier.
  • an aqueous slurry of starch-rich meal will have a pH well within the tolerance of any commercially-available enzyme.
  • a pH in the range 5 to 7 will be ideal.
  • a particularly important embodiment of the invention is a process in which a mixture of tapioca meal or the like, moisture and heat-stable endo-amylase enzyme capable of hydrolysing starch to a DP in the range of 4 to 10, at a total solids content in the mixture of at least 60% by weight, is heated to produce a highly-viscous feed ingredient.
  • This feed ingredient can be used to particular advantage in pelleted animal feedstuffs, wherein it is found to increase substantially the hardness of such pelleted feedstuffs.
  • the advantage of increased pellet hardness can be exploited as such, or it can be used to offset the negative physical effects of other useful processing/formulation changes.
  • the partially-hydrolysed starch material when used as a binder/conditioner in a pelleted feedstuff, it will generally comprises about 1-10% by weight of the formulation, although higher levels (up to 20% or more, by weight) can be added if desired.
  • the partially-hydrolysed starch material of the invention can be blended with conventional animal feedstuff ingredients to make a compound feed.
  • the physical preparation of the compound feed can be achieved using any conventional equipment.
  • the nature of the feedstuff ingredients that can be mixed with the partially-hydrolysed starch material is not critical to the invention, and these can be any nutritionally appropriate combination of the ingredients used in feed manufacture, e.g.
  • grains either whole or milled, such as barley, wheat, sorghum, maize, rice oats and rye; cereal by-products, such as wheat feed (germ) , maize dark grains, barley dark grains, brewers grains, malt culms (sprouting tips from the brewing industry), maize germ, grain screenings and oat feed; oil seed residues derived from seeds such as rape, soya, groundnut, palm kernel, sun flower, linseed, shea nut, illipe and cotton-seed; oils and fats of vegetable or animal origin; any of the miscellaneous products of plant or animal origin conventionally used in feedstuff manufacture, such as field beans, peas, tapioca, beet pulp, potato pulp, straw, guar, molasses, single-cell protein, meat and bone meal, fish meal, blood meal and dried poultry manure; non-protein nitrogen sources such as urea and urea derivatives; and vitamins and mineral additives
  • the partially-hydrolysed starch material of the invention can be dried as necessary, for example by drum-drying, belt-drying or spray-drying, to yield a solid material which can be milled to a powder.
  • the solid material be be blended with other feed materials in the dry state, or mixed with water or other edible liquids if desired.
  • the product of the invention can be dried to a solid which in particulate form is free-flowing and relatively non-hygroscopic.
  • the partially-hydrolysed starch material can be blended with a carrier material, such as milled grain, and then dried.
  • a carrier material such as milled grain
  • partially-hydrolysed tapioca can be blended with untreated tapioca meal, e.g. in a 1:1 ratio.
  • an important aspect of the invention is the use of the partially-hydrolysed material as a conditioning agent in non-hydrolysed starch-rich meal.
  • the partially-hydrolysed material can be incorporated as a minor ingredient in non-hydrolysed material, and the mixture then pelleted.
  • This is especially suitable as a means for improving the handling properties of tapioca:
  • Partially hydrolysed tapioca produced in accordance with the invention should be mixed with unmodified tapioca, and pelleted.
  • the pelleted tapioca is less likely to break up and cause dust problems during subsequent handling and transport, and hence its quality as a feed ingredient is maintained during shipment. This benefit can be obtained even when the inclusion level of the partially-hydrolysed tapioca is very low, e.g. 1% or less of the pelleted material.
  • the apparatus of the first embodiment comprises a jacketed reaction vessel 101 with an inlet 102 and outlet 103 for admitting steam or hot water into the surrounding jacket 104.
  • Reaction vessel 101 is provided with an inlet 105 for steam or water and an inlet 106 for other materials such as meal and enzyme.
  • Stirring means 107 is connected to a drive means by a shaft 109.
  • Lower end 110 of reaction chamber 101 is provided with an outlet pipe 111 leading via valve 112 and pump 113 to valve 114.
  • a recirculation pipe 115 leads via a jacketed heat exchanger 116 to inlet 117 in reaction chamber 101.
  • Alternative route 118 from valve 114 leads into lagged storage vessel 119 from the lower end 120 of which an outlet pipe 121 leads via valve 122 and pump 123 into a conventional feedstuff processing line (not shown).
  • starch-rich meal is fed into reaction vessel 101 via inlet 106 and blended as necessary with water or steam from inlet 105.
  • Reaction vessel 101 is heated via heating jacket 104 and the contents of the reaction vessel are stirred and recirculated via heat exchanger 116 until appropriate temperature conditions are reached for enzyme reaction.
  • enzyme slurry is added via inlet 106 and the heating and recirculation of the contents of reaction vessel 101 continued until a desired degree of enzyme reaction has taken place.
  • the contents of the reaction vessel can then be diverted via valve 114 into lagged storage vessel 119 from which the reaction product can be fed as required into the main processing line.
  • the recirculation system will be used to prepare batches of enzyme-treated material which can be stored in bulk in he storage' vessel until required. It will be appreciated however, that the apparatus depicted can be used to prepare enzyme-treated material in a more continuous operation, for example, by blending the ingredients in the reaction chamber and feeding the contents directly to the storage vessel in which the reaction can be allowed to proceed to completion.
  • reaction vessel was partially filled with water at 100°C, and tapioca meal and enzymes slurry added progressively while the contents of the vessel were stirred and heated by steam, until a final solids content of 65% by weight was attained.
  • the tapioca meal had been milled to a particle size of less than 300 microns, and contained its natural moisture content of about 12% by weight.
  • the enzyme was a commercially-available alpha-amylase ("TERMAMYL 120L”) in aqueous slurry form as obtained from the supplier, and was added at the level of 600 grams of slurry per 1000 kilos of meal. The mixture was recirculated at a temperature of about 100°C for approximately 20 minutes and the batch was then transferred to the holding tank.
  • the treated tapioca meal was used as a substitute for molasses in a conventional compound pelleted cattle feed at levels varying from about 4 to about 16% by weight of the finished product.
  • a conventional cattle feed of identical formulation but containing instead molasses at the same inclusion levels was prepared.
  • the finished product containing the treated tapioca meal slurry of the invention was consistently harder (i.e. the pellets were less liable to break up) than in the molasses-containing conventional product.
  • the second embodiment of the invention comprises a horizontal cylindrical reaction vessel 201 having a thermal jacket 202, an inlet 203 for carbohydrate material, an inlet 204 downstream of inlet 203 for enzyme slurry, and a further inlet 205 downstream of inlet 204 for steam.
  • Rotatable shaft 206 extends along the full axial length of reaction vessel 201 and can be rotated by motor means 207.
  • a plurality of vanes 208 are arranged along shaft 206 within reaction vessel 201 such that rotation of shaft 206 will cause material within the reaction vessel to be intimately mixed and progressed through the reaction vessel.
  • An outlet pipe 209 at the end of reaction vessel 201 remote from inlet 203 leads to a two-way valve 210.
  • a pipe 211 leads to a conventional animal feed compounding plant (not shown).
  • a second pipe 212 leads via pump 213 to a jacketed storage vessel 214, from which material can be drawn off via valve 215 and pipe 215 as required.
  • Storage vessel 214 is provided with stirring and heating means (not shown) to maintain contents in a flowable state if necessary.
  • reaction vessel 201 can be inclined downwards at a slight angle to the horizohtal to assist flow of material.
  • Pilot-scale equipment as just described with reference to Figure 2 was used to prepare enzyme-treated tapioca meal on a continuous basis as follows.
  • the reaction chamber had a length of 1200 mm and an internal diameter of 120 mm.
  • Tapioca meal that had been milled to a particle size of less than 300 microns was fed "dry" (i.e. at its natural moisture content of about 12% by weight) into the apparatus of Figure 2 via inlet 203.
  • An aqueous slurry containing 0/1% by weight of commercially-available alpha-amylase enzyme "TERMAMYL 120L” was fed in via inlet 204, at a level of 12% slurry by weight of the dry meal.
  • Steam was fed in via inlet 205, adding a further 6% moisture and raising the temperature in the reactor at steady state to about 100°C.
  • the tapioca meal remained in the reactor for about one minute emerging as a highly viscous dark liquid. Throughput was about 40 kg per hour. This material was added at various levels to a compound cattle feed and pelleted. Even at an inclusion level of only 1% by weight, it lead to a noticeable increase in pellet hardness.
  • Example 2 was repeated using "dry" potato starch instead of tapioca meal. This had a natural moisture content of about 10% by weight. All other reaction conditions were as in Example 2. The product emerged from the reactor as a highly viscous dark liquid that set to a hard solid at ambient temperature.
  • the animal feed pellet binding properties of the partially-hydrolysed starch material is demonstrated by the following example.
  • the first formulation (A) contained 4% by weight of hydrolysed tapioca meal prepared at 60% solids using the procedure of Example 2.
  • the second formulation (B) was identical except that the 4% hydrolysed tapioca meal was replaced by 3% natural tapioca meal (12% moisture) plus 1% added water, leading to an identical noisture content in the overall formulaton.
  • the friability of the pelleted feeds- were compared using a standardised test method, involving abrading a sample of each feed in a food blender. The results, in terms of the fines (ml) per 1000 ml of pelleted product, are set out in Table 1 for two press throughputs.
  • This example compared the pellet binding properties of the hydrolysed starch material of the invention and molasses.
  • the first formulation (C) contained as binder the partially hydrolysed tapioca meal prepared at 65% solids using the procedure of Example 1.
  • the second formulation (D) contained molasses as binder. The pelleted products were subjected to the same friability test used in Example 4, and the results are set out in Table 2 for two press throughputs.
  • This example demonstrates the potential use of the partially-hydrolysed starch material of the invention as a means for enabling a higher level of fat to be included in a pelleted feed.
  • a control formulation comprising a standard cattle feed containing 3% added fat and 6% molasses binder, by weight, was pelleted at 60 kg/hr using a small ring-roll press.
  • This example shows the improvement in feed pellet hardness that can be obtained by using the hydrolysed starch material of the invention as a pellet binder instead of molasses.
  • a standard compound cattle feed was used as the base material, in four samples. Hydrolysed tapioca meal, prepared as per Example 2 at 65% solids, was added to samples E and G at a level of 4% and 8% by weight respectively. Control samples F and H contained 4% and 8% by weight molasses. Each sample was pelleted using a small ring-roll press. The pellets were allowed to "cure” for 48 hours, and then the hardness was assessed using the standard Kahl hardness test. The results are given in Table 3.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
EP84300885A 1983-02-15 1984-02-13 Fabrication de produits alimentaires pour animaux Withdrawn EP0120573A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8304091 1983-02-15
GB838304091A GB8304091D0 (en) 1983-02-15 1983-02-15 Feedstuffs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0120573A2 true EP0120573A2 (fr) 1984-10-03
EP0120573A3 EP0120573A3 (fr) 1986-12-10

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EP84300885A Withdrawn EP0120573A3 (fr) 1983-02-15 1984-02-13 Fabrication de produits alimentaires pour animaux

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0120573A3 (fr)
AU (1) AU559289B2 (fr)
DK (1) DK66084A (fr)
ES (1) ES8800961A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8304091D0 (fr)
IE (1) IE54962B1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4954355A (en) * 1987-03-30 1990-09-04 Asko Haarasilta Feed raw material and feed containing zero fibre and procedure for producing these
WO2000077050A1 (fr) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-21 Grain Processing Corporation Produit d'hydrolisat a base d'amidon compacte ayant de meilleures caracteristiques de manutention et une tendance reduite a devenir collant
RU2164758C2 (ru) * 1999-06-25 2001-04-10 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет Способ получения кормового средства для профилактики селеновой и йодной недостаточности у сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц
RU2181011C2 (ru) * 1999-06-25 2002-04-10 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет Способ получения кормовой добавки
WO2007036795A1 (fr) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Elsam Engineering A/S Pretraitement sans pressurisation, hydrolyse enzymatique et fermentation de fragments de dechets
CN102618600A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2012-08-01 江南大学 一种采用α淀粉酶水解直链淀粉制备弹簧糊精的方法
WO2018147737A1 (fr) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 Forfarmers Corporate Services B.V. Procédé de pelletisation pour la fabrication de granulés d'aliment pour animaux
WO2021099594A1 (fr) * 2019-11-20 2021-05-27 Forfarmers Corporate Services B.V. Procédé de fabrication d'agglomérats de pâte d'aliments pour animaux

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3507562A1 (de) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-04 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Selbstverloeschende polymere massen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420671A (en) * 1964-03-05 1969-01-07 Lancaster Lab Inc Feed and forage pellets and process for producing the same
US3617300A (en) * 1967-12-28 1971-11-02 Gen Mills Inc In situ conversion of starch
GB1313417A (en) * 1970-06-05 1973-04-11 United Nations Childrens Fund Process and apparatus for making human foods and animal feeds
FR2116770A5 (en) * 1970-12-07 1972-07-21 Cpc International Inc Water soluble starch hydrolysate - prepd by starch liquefaction with alpha-amylase
US3988483A (en) * 1975-09-04 1976-10-26 The Kansas State University Research Foundation Liquid starch-urea ruminant feed and method of producing same
SE432426B (sv) * 1976-05-12 1984-04-02 Cpc International Inc Sett att framstella en vattenuppslamning av sterkelse
US4167584A (en) * 1978-01-09 1979-09-11 Kemin Industries, Inc. Stable emulsified edible liquid starch product and method of making the same
US4247561A (en) * 1979-04-16 1981-01-27 Nelson R W Process and method of use for a stable emulsified edible liquid starch product

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4954355A (en) * 1987-03-30 1990-09-04 Asko Haarasilta Feed raw material and feed containing zero fibre and procedure for producing these
WO2000077050A1 (fr) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-21 Grain Processing Corporation Produit d'hydrolisat a base d'amidon compacte ayant de meilleures caracteristiques de manutention et une tendance reduite a devenir collant
US6379467B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2002-04-30 Grain Processing Corporation Compacted starch hydrolysate product with improved handling characteristics and reduced tendency to become sticky
RU2164758C2 (ru) * 1999-06-25 2001-04-10 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет Способ получения кормового средства для профилактики селеновой и йодной недостаточности у сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц
RU2181011C2 (ru) * 1999-06-25 2002-04-10 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет Способ получения кормовой добавки
US9914944B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2018-03-13 Renescience A/S Non-pressurised pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of waste fractions
WO2007036795A1 (fr) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Elsam Engineering A/S Pretraitement sans pressurisation, hydrolyse enzymatique et fermentation de fragments de dechets
US10465209B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2019-11-05 Renescience A/S Non-pressurised pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of waste fractions
CN102618600A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2012-08-01 江南大学 一种采用α淀粉酶水解直链淀粉制备弹簧糊精的方法
CN102618600B (zh) * 2012-04-10 2013-10-30 江南大学 一种采用α淀粉酶水解直链淀粉制备弹簧糊精的方法
WO2018147737A1 (fr) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 Forfarmers Corporate Services B.V. Procédé de pelletisation pour la fabrication de granulés d'aliment pour animaux
WO2021099594A1 (fr) * 2019-11-20 2021-05-27 Forfarmers Corporate Services B.V. Procédé de fabrication d'agglomérats de pâte d'aliments pour animaux
NL2024270B1 (en) * 2019-11-20 2021-08-11 Forfarmers Corp Services B V Process for making animal feed mash agglomerates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK66084D0 (da) 1984-02-14
GB8304091D0 (en) 1983-03-16
ES8800961A1 (es) 1987-12-01
EP0120573A3 (fr) 1986-12-10
IE54962B1 (en) 1990-03-28
IE840338L (en) 1984-08-15
ES529717A0 (es) 1985-08-01
AU2458184A (en) 1984-08-23
DK66084A (da) 1984-08-16
AU559289B2 (en) 1987-03-05

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