EP0122190B1 - Dampferzeuger für einen mit flüssigem Metall gekühlten Reaktor - Google Patents

Dampferzeuger für einen mit flüssigem Metall gekühlten Reaktor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0122190B1
EP0122190B1 EP84400653A EP84400653A EP0122190B1 EP 0122190 B1 EP0122190 B1 EP 0122190B1 EP 84400653 A EP84400653 A EP 84400653A EP 84400653 A EP84400653 A EP 84400653A EP 0122190 B1 EP0122190 B1 EP 0122190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
steam generator
reservoir
drain
generator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400653A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0122190A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Artaud
Michel Aubert
Charley Renaux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0122190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0122190A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0122190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0122190B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
    • F22B1/063—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium for metal cooled nuclear reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam generator intended in particular to ensure the heat exchange between the secondary circuit and the tertiary circuit of a nuclear reactor cooled by a liquid metal.
  • fast neutron nuclear reactors comprise at least two successive cooling circuits making it possible to convey as large a fraction as possible of the heat released by the fuel elements in the reactor core to the turbo-generators used to transform this heat into electrical energy.
  • the liquid metal generally consisting of sodium
  • circulating in the primary circuit conveys the heat released in the core to heat exchangers in which part of this heat is transferred to a liquid metal, also consisting most often by sodium, circulating in the secondary circuit.
  • This secondary circuit in turn allows this heat to be conveyed to steam generators in which it is used to vaporize water circulating in a tertiary circuit.
  • the steam thus formed drives the turbo-alternators which are also arranged in the tertiary circuit.
  • FIG. 1 Such a steam generator is shown schematically by way of example in FIG. 1, in which we can see in particular the cylindrical casing 10, the inlet tubes 12 of the secondary sodium preferably situated near the upper end of the 'casing 10 and the outlet pipe 14 of the secondary sodium which opens here in the bottom of the casing of the generator.
  • Secondary sodium thus circulates from top to bottom inside the envelope 10, which constitutes the most favorable direction of flow since the formation of vapor in the tubes 16 of the bundle of tubes also represented in FIG. 1 requires practically a circulation of water from the bottom to the top inside these tubes.
  • such an installation comprises an auxiliary drain tank 26 resting on the ground 28 and a large diameter pipe 30 connecting the bottom of the envelope of the steam generator to the tank 26.
  • This pipe 30 is normally closed by at least one burst membrane 32 sensitive to the pressure prevailing in the generator, to rupture when this pressure exceeds a determined threshold corresponding to the appearance of a sodium / water reaction in the generator. More specifically, it can be seen in FIG. 1 that the burst membrane 32 is arranged in the pipe 30 near the bottom of the casing 10.
  • the drain tank is of large capacity and is used to store all the sodium contained in the secondary circuit.
  • the present invention specifically relates to a steam generator comprising an integrated drain tank fulfilling the same function as the drain tank 26 of the installations of the prior art as shown in FIG. 1, while being of a particularly simple design and eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks of existing installations.
  • a steam generator for a reactor cooled by a liquid metal, this generator comprising a cylindrical casing with a vertical axis, inlet and outlet pipes for a liquid metal in said envelope, a bundle of tubes disposed inside the envelope and in which water circulates, and a drainage tube opening at the lower end of said envelope and comprising at least one burst membrane capable to rupture when the pressure prevailing in said casing exceeds a given threshold, to make the casing communicate with a drain tank, characterized in that the drain tank is fixed directly to the lower end of said casing, the tubing of being disposed inside the tank and carrying the bursting membrane at its end, behind a removable manhole fixed to the tank.
  • the drain tank comprises a cylindrical neck extending downwards a cylindrical part of said envelope and a container of larger section connected to the lower end of the cylindrical neck, the removable view being attached to the tank neck.
  • the removable manhole closes said opening, so that a rupture of the bursting membrane has the effect of emptying into the tank neck the liquid metal contained in the envelope .
  • FIG. 2 We recognize in Figure 2 the cylindrical casing 110, of vertical axis, of the steam generator.
  • This envelope comprises in known manner a dome (not shown), a cylindrical part 110a and a bottom 110b.
  • the drain tank 126 is fixed directly to the lower end of the casing 110 of the steam generator. More specifically, the reservoir 126 comprises a neck 138 in the form of a ferrule and a container 140 constituting the reservoir itself.
  • the neck 138 is cylindrical, of the same diameter as the part 110a of the envelope and of axis coincident with the vertical axis of the latter. Its upper edge is fixed to the casing 110 by a weld 136, so that it extends downwards the cylindrical part 110a and supports at its lower end the container 140. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the latter is larger section than the neck 138. It defines an upper wall 140a by which it is connected to the neck 138, a side wall 140b which can be at will cylindrical or of any other shape and a bottom 140c.
  • the connection between the interior of the envelope 110 and the reservoir 126 is carried out by means of a drainage tube 130 disposed in the neck 138 of the reservoir.
  • the upper end of the tube 130 opens into the bottom 110b of the envelope of the steam generator, the lower end carrying a burst membrane 132.
  • a removable manhole 142 in the form of a pipe is fixed, on the one hand, to a flange 144 surrounding the opening 141 and, on the other hand hand, on a flange 146 surrounding an opening 148 formed in the upper wall 140a of the container 140.
  • This fixing is carried out in leaktight manner by any known means such as screws or bolts.
  • the axes of the openings 141 and 148 being respectively horizontal and vertical and arranged in the same plane passing through the vertical axis common to the envelope 110 of the steam generator and to the neck 138, the manhole 142 in the form of pipe has the shape of an elbow which extends the drain pipe 130.
  • the pipe formed by the sight glass 142 thus makes it possible, after rupture of the burst membrane 132, to cause the liquid sodium contained in the envelope 110 of the steam generator to flow directly into the container 140 of the drain tank.
  • tubing 130 opening into the bottom 110b of the envelope could be eccentric, so as to allow the implantation of the outlet tubing 114 in the bottom of the generator.
  • the outlet pipe 114 would then pass through the neck 138 of the drain tank.
  • outlet tube 114 for the secondary sodium at the upper end of the steam generator, the sodium then rising inside a chimney replacing the core 122.
  • the volume of the storage tank 126 is just sufficient to collect the secondary sodium contained in the steam generator after rupture of the burst membrane 132.
  • This characteristic also distinguishes the invention of the prior art according to which the storage tank used to drain the entire secondary circuit of the reactor is used as the drainage tank and whose volume is substantially greater than the volume of the tank 126.
  • FIG. 2 shows the pipes 158 opening into the drain tank 126. These pipes are used, when a sodium / water reaction occurs inside the casing of the generator, to evacuate the gaseous products formed. by this reaction, only hydrogen or sodium aerosols. These pipes are connected by their opposite end to separators (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Dampferzeuger für einen mit flüssigem Metall gekühlten Reaktor, wobei dieser Erzeuger umfaßt: eine zylindrische Umhüllung (110) mit vertikaler Achse, Einlaß- und Auslaßrohre (114) für ein flüssiges Metall in der Umhüllung, ein Rohrbündel (116), welches im Inneren der Umhüllung angeordnet ist und in dem Wasser umläuft, und ein Entleerungsrohr (130), welches am unteren Ende der Umhüllung mündet und wenigstens eine Bruchmembrane (132) aufweist, die, wenn der in der Umhüllung herrschende Druck eine vorgegebene Schwelle überschreitet, bricht, um die Umhüllung mit einem Entleerungsbehälter (126) zu verbinden, dadurch gekennzeichnet. daß der Entleerungsbehälter (126) unmittelbar am unteren Ende der Umhüllung befestigt ist und daß das Entleerungsrohr (130) im Inneren des Behälters angeordnet ist und die Bruchmembrane (132) an seinem Ende hinter einer abnehmbaren Kappe (142, 142') trägt, die an dem Behälter befestigt ist.
2. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Entleerungsbehälter (126) einen zylindrischen Hals (138), der einen zylindrischen Teil (110a) der Umhüllung nach unten verlängert, und einen Behälter (140) mit größerem Querschnitt aufweist, der mit dem unteren Ende des zylindrischen Halses verbunden ist, und daß die abnehmbare Kappe (142, 142') an dem Hals des Behälters angebracht ist.
3. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entleerungsrohr (130) mit einem im wesentlichen horizontalen Abschnitt (130b) endet, dessen die Bruchmembrane (132) tragendes Ende sich in einer öffnung (141) befindet, welche in dem Hals (138) des Behälters ausgebildet ist und auf der die entfernbare Kappe (142, 142') angebracht ist.
4. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entleerungsrohr (130) ein im wesentlichen vertikales Teil (130a) aufweist, welches längs der Achse der Umhüllung (110) angeordnet und über ein Knie (130c) mit dem im wesentlichen horizontalen Teil (130b) verbunden ist.
5. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die entfernbare Kappe (142') die öffnung (141) derart verschließt, daß ein Bruch der Bruchmembrane (132) die Wirkung hat, daß sich das in der Umhüllung (110) enthaltene, flüssige Metall in den Hals (138) des Behälters entleert.
6. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die entfernbare Kappe (142) die Form einer Leitung aufweist, die einerseits auf der in dem Hals (138) des Behälters gebildeten öffnung (141) und andererseits auf einer zweiten, in dem Behälter (140) gebildeten öffnung (148) derart angebracht ist, daß ein Bruch der Bruchmembrane (132) bewirkt, daß sich das in der Umhüllung enthaltene, flüssige Metall durch die Leitung hindurch in den Behälter (140) entleert.
7. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite öffnung (148) in einer oberen Wand des Behälters (140) ausgebildet ist, daß die Achsen der öffnungen (141,148) in einer gleichen Ebene, die durch die Achse der Umhüllung (IIO) hindurchgeht, und im wesentlichen unter einem rechten Winkel zueinander derart angeordnet sind, daß die von, der Kappe (142) gebildete Leitung die Form eines Knies aufweist.
8. Dampferzeuger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Volumen des Entleerungsbehälters (126) im wesentlichen gleich dem Volumen des in der Umhüllung (110) des Erzeugers enthaltenen, flüssigen Metalls ist.
9. Dampferzeuger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (150) vorgesehen sind, um den Entleerungsbehälter (126) in einen Behälter mit größerem Fassungsvermogen zu entleeren.
10. Dampferzeuger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Entleerungskanal (154), der normalerweise mittels eines Ventils (156) geschlossen ist, eine direkte Verbindung zwischen dem Entleerungsbehälter (126) und dem Inneren der Umhüllung (110) herstellt.
EP84400653A 1983-04-07 1984-04-02 Dampferzeuger für einen mit flüssigem Metall gekühlten Reaktor Expired EP0122190B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8305693A FR2544053B1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1983-04-07 Generateur de vapeur pour reacteur refroidi par un metal liquide
FR8305693 1983-04-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0122190A1 EP0122190A1 (de) 1984-10-17
EP0122190B1 true EP0122190B1 (de) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=9287613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400653A Expired EP0122190B1 (de) 1983-04-07 1984-04-02 Dampferzeuger für einen mit flüssigem Metall gekühlten Reaktor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4589375A (de)
EP (1) EP0122190B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59197702A (de)
DE (1) DE3460329D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2544053B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4983353A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-01-08 General Electric Company Novel passive approach to protecting the primary containment barrier formed by the intermediate heat exchanger from the effects of an uncontrolled sodium water reaction
CN111257748B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2022-05-20 山东泰开高压开关有限公司 一种保压快速更换部件的装置、测试装置及方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112735A (en) * 1959-03-30 1963-12-03 Babcock & Wilcox Co Liquid metal heated vapor generator
FR1518393A (fr) * 1966-05-31 1968-03-22 Interatom Installation d'échange de chaleur pour les fluides d'échange métal-liquide/eau
US3438431A (en) * 1967-08-25 1969-04-15 Siegfried Dreyer Heat exchanger system
GB1276838A (en) * 1968-07-18 1972-06-07 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Improvements in or relating to pressure relief devices
DE2725877A1 (de) * 1977-06-08 1978-12-21 Interatom Waermetauscher fuer aggressive medien
FR2451616A2 (fr) * 1979-02-09 1980-10-10 Electricite De France Perfectionnements aux circuits caloporteurs secondaires pour reacteurs nucleaires refroidis par du sodium liquide
FR2524609A1 (fr) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-07 Novatome Dispositif d'obturation de secours, en cas de fuite, d'un tube d'un generateur de vapeur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4589375A (en) 1986-05-20
JPS59197702A (ja) 1984-11-09
DE3460329D1 (en) 1986-08-28
EP0122190A1 (de) 1984-10-17
FR2544053B1 (fr) 1985-06-28
FR2544053A1 (fr) 1984-10-12

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