EP0122839B1 - Méthode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0122839B1
EP0122839B1 EP84400619A EP84400619A EP0122839B1 EP 0122839 B1 EP0122839 B1 EP 0122839B1 EP 84400619 A EP84400619 A EP 84400619A EP 84400619 A EP84400619 A EP 84400619A EP 0122839 B1 EP0122839 B1 EP 0122839B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
instrument
base
tubing
well
sensor support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400619A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0122839A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Wittrisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Publication of EP0122839A1 publication Critical patent/EP0122839A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0122839B1 publication Critical patent/EP0122839B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/004—Indexing systems for guiding relative movement between telescoping parts of downhole tools
    • E21B23/006—"J-slot" systems, i.e. lug and slot indexing mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/003—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings with electrically conducting or insulating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well at the level of the surrounding formations, and more particularly of formations subjected to hydraulic compression.
  • the invention is particularly applicable when it is a question of carrying out measurements and / or interventions at the level of geological formations located in an area to be isolated from the rest of the well in which a hydraulic fluid under pressure is injected in order to fracture the training at this level (hydraulic fracturing process).
  • the measurements carried out by applying the present invention may for example include the triaxial recording of the noises produced by the rocks thus placed under stress.
  • the analysis of the detected vibrations makes it possible to define the orientation of the noise source and consequently the direction of propagation of the fracture. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in more detail.
  • the measurements carried out may also include recording the pressure and the background temperature, the measurement (focused or not) of the electrical resistivity of the formations, etc.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device making it possible in particular to move a measuring or intervention instrument in a well zone possibly subjected to hydraulic compression, both during and at the end of the fracturing. hydraulic formations surrounding this area.
  • the device according to the present invention makes it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well. It comprises a casing with a diameter smaller than that of the well, at least one measuring or intervention instrument, a base or probe support, and is characterized in that it comprises at least one sealing member surrounding said casing, a flexible connecting member connecting the base to the measuring instrument, said flexible connecting member comprising at least one electrical connection, and in that the base or probe support is normally arranged, in operation, at the inside the casing in the lower part thereof.
  • the devices according to the prior art are not suitable for carrying out measurements or interventions at the level of formations subjected to hydraulic compression.
  • the prior devices also have the drawback of transmitting vibrations from the casing to the probe via the extension member which connects them, which risks greatly disturbing the measurements made by the probe, in particular when these are acoustic measurements.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 correspond respectively to the initial position of the device according to the invention, lowered into a partially cased well 1 and to the working position of this device in which the probe 2 has come out of its protective casing 3.
  • the well 1 is fitted over a certain length with a casing 4 terminated by the shoe 5 at its lower part.
  • the device shown comprises at its lower part the protective casing 3 in which is housed at least partially the measuring or intervention instrument 2 and which is supernatant from a casing 6 to which this casing is connected.
  • the instrument 2 is a logging probe, but it could also consist of a television camera, or an intervention instrument such as, for example , a perforation tool, etc ...
  • annular sealing member 7, radially expandable, which may be of a conventional type (packer) is interposed between the casing 3 and the casing 6.
  • This member is for example obtained by axial displacement of the casing 6, causing the spacing of the packer anchoring corners.
  • a packer with hydraulic anchoring of a known type for example the AD1 model from the company BAKER OIL TOOLS.
  • this member 7 In its expansion position, this member 7 is pressed against the wall of the casing 4.
  • the casing 3 and the casing 6 are both open at their ends.
  • a tubular support element 8 is housed in the casing 6, this tubular element being open at its upper part and comprising at its lower part a support piece or base 9 equipped with an anchoring system.
  • the probe 2 is connected to the base 9 by a flexible connection, that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by a support cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the member 7 and of a length such that, in the upper position of the base 9 (FIG. 1), the probe 2 is housed, at least partially, inside its protective casing 3, while in the position bottom of the base 9, the probe 2 is removed from the casing 3 (working position shown in FIG. 2).
  • a flexible connection that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by a support cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the member 7 and of a length such that, in the upper position of the base 9 (FIG. 1), the probe 2 is housed, at least partially, inside its protective casing 3, while in the position bottom of the base 9, the probe 2 is removed from the casing 3 (working position shown in FIG. 2).
  • the cable 13 contains electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements which electrically connect the probe 2 to a male electrical plug 14, multi-contact, disposed on the base 9.
  • This male plug is suitable for receiving a complementary female socket 15 surmounted by a load or ballast bar 16.
  • An anchoring system either mechanical (for example shearable washers adapted to the socket 15 and cooperating with retaining members integral with the tube 8)) or electro-hydraulic (anchoring corners actuated by remote-controlled motor), provides a mechanical connection between the bar 16 and the base 9 when the electrical contact is made between the male plug 14 and the female socket 15.
  • the assembly formed by the socket 15 and the load bar 16 is fixed to the lower end of a cable 17 containing electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements made by the probe 2.
  • the probe 2 could, for example be of a known type and include articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the probe body when this probe is housed in the protective casing (Fig. 1), these arms being deployed hydraulically by electric remote control from the surface, via cables 17 and 13, when the probe 2 came out of the casing 3, in the working position shown in FIG. 2, the arms 18 and 19 then anchoring in the wall of the well and pressing the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side (Fig. 2) .
  • These arms may be connected to one or more pads applying against the wall of the well.
  • this probe could notably include triaxial dynamic accelerometers 20, recording the components A x , Ay and A z of the noise along three axes perpendicular to each other.
  • This noise includes compression waves and shear waves.
  • This probe may also include a hydrophone recording the compression waves of the fluid contained in the hole and pressure sensors 21 and 22 measuring respectively the hydrostatic pressure prevailing in the well outside the probe and the pressure of application of the arms 18 and 19 against the wall.
  • the base 9 of the tubular support element 8 is provided with a fully mechanical anchoring system including a groove 10 cooperating with retaining lugs 10a.
  • This system makes it possible to hold the tubular element in a first position, represented on FIG. 1, where the lower part of the base 9 is below the upper stop which can be formed by a first internal shoulder 11 of the casing 6 (FIG. .3C) at a sufficient distance from it so that the anchoring system can be unlocked by lifting the base 9 (see below).
  • the tubular support element 8 When the groove 10 is released from the retaining lugs 10a the tubular support element 8 is placed in the low position under the effect of gravity, its base 9 then resting on a low stop formed by a second internal shoulder 12 of the casing 6 .
  • the base 9 as well as the internal shoulders 11 and 12 have recesses or bores allowing a hydraulic fluid to flow throughout the casing 6, around the tubular support 8, in the two positions of the probe 2.
  • the anchoring system 10 may include a W-shaped groove formed in the outer wall of the base 9 of the tubular support element 8, this base 9 can rotate around d a vertical axis with respect to the casing 6. In the high position shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the upper edge of the top of this groove is supported by a lug 10a secured to the internal wall of the casing 6.
  • the base 9 could include an electro-hydraulic anchoring system remotely controlled from the area.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the first step in which the fastening of the packer 7 to the lower end of the casing 6 is first carried out on the surface.
  • the tubular support element 8 is then introduced into the latter, arranged vertically. 'we place in the high position (Fig. 1), the base 9 resting on the lugs 10a via the anchoring groove 10, by passing through the pacher 7 the electrical cable 13 previously connected to the base 9 .
  • the probe (or intervention tool) 2 is then fixed under the packer 7 at the lower end of the cable 13 and is thus suspended from the lugs 10a in its high position in FIG. 1.
  • the assembly is then gradually lowered into the well 1 (Fig. 4) from the drilling tower 23, by adding successive casing elements 6 until the probe 2 reaches the desired depth, substantially at the level of the shoe 5 , the number of casing elements 6 connected end to end making it possible to know at all times the depth reached.
  • the packer 7 is anchored to the lower end of the casing 4 (Fig. 5).
  • the casing 6 is connected at its upper part to a pipe 24 for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid and is provided at its top with a safety shutter or cable gland 25 in which the cable 17 supporting the assembly is made to slide formed by the load bar 16 and the female socket 15, until the latter comes to be connected to the male plug 14 fixed on the base 9 of the tubular element 8 which supports the probe, the tubular support element 8 ensuring guidance of the assembly 15-16 to facilitate this connection.
  • Interlocking or mechanical connection members 15a and 8a are respectively adapted to the socket 15 and to the internal wall of the tube 8, these members being adapted to be released from one another by a sufficient tration exerted on the cable 17 from the surface.
  • the members 15a and 8a consist respectively of a shearable washer carried by the socket 15 or the load bar 16 and of arms or knives retaining this washer, carried by the tubular support element 8.
  • the cable 17 is unwound from the surface from a winch 26. Between the winch 26 and the shutter 25, the cable 17 passes over the return pulleys 27 and 28 (Fig. 6).
  • the support tube 8 of the probe 2 is then slightly raised and consequently this probe itself from a height h (insufficient to make it enter its casing 3) by a traction exerted on the cable 17 and, in this position of the probe (Fig. 8), the opening of the articulated arms 18 and 19 is remote controlled from the station 29, via the cables 17 and 13, the ends of these arms being anchored in the wall of the well 1 , by pressing the probe 2 against the portion of wall diametrically opposite to these arms.
  • the device according to the invention therefore comprises means making it possible to remove said instrument 2 from the vibrations of said casing 6 during measurement or intervention.
  • These means are constituted by the combination of anchoring members 18, 19 of said instrument 2 at a fixed level of the well 1, the latter being actuated by remote control, and of a flexible connection 13 between said instrument 2 and a support part. 9 movable in the casing 6 between a position close to the upper stop 11 and a lower stop position 12 which respectively define a first and a second position of said instrument 2.
  • the remote control signals of the probe 2 from the surface are respectively transmitted from and to the surface station 29 via the incorporated conductors to cables 13 and 17, the electrical connection between these conductors and the station 29 being produced in a known manner by a set of brushes rubbing on slip rings integral with the winch shaft 26.
  • the hydraulic fracturing of the formations located under the packer 7 can be carried out by pumping hydraulic fluid under pressure through the pipe 24 located on the surface.
  • the probe 2 is returned to its protective casing by pulling on the cable 17 replacing the base 9 of the support tube 8 in the position high of Figure 1 where this base 9 is supported by the lug 10a. We can then slowly decompress the geological formations by reducing the pressure in line 24.
  • the assembly 8, 9, 13, 12 remains suspended from the retaining lugs 10a integral with the casing 6, by means of the anchoring system in W designated by the reference 10.
  • the casing 6 can then in turn be gradually withdrawn from the well, the elements of this casing being successively disconnected at the surface.
  • annular sealing member 7 is disposed under the base 9.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of having the member 7 in the immediate vicinity of shoe 5 and to limit the length of the overhang between the base of this shoe and the bottom.
  • sealing member 7 in a non-cased area of the well which will be isolated from the rest of the well by the use of a sealing member completely sealing the well at a level below that of the instrument or probe in its low position.
  • the casing 4 descends under the total sealing member defined above.
  • the casing 4 is perforated in a conventional manner, in order to allow the injected hydraulic fluid to flow through the formations located at this level.
  • the instrument or probe 2 can be removed from the casing 3 by pumping hydraulic fluid followed possibly by a displacement of the casing 6 from the surface, in order to release the tension in the cable 13 before performing the measurement or intervention using the probe or instrument 2.
  • the probe 31 is located in an area 32 of the well in which the fracturing will not be carried out.
  • the fracturing is carried out in a zone 33 delimited by two sealing members 34 and 35 which, in the example of FIG. 9, are supported by the casing 36.
  • This tubing 36 carries a probe support 37, or base, comprising a possibly male connector 38 which will cooperate with a complementary connector like that shown in FIGS. 1, 2 or 3.
  • the probe support 37 is connected to the probe 31 by means of a flexible mechanical connection member 39 comprising at least one electrical connection.
  • the casing 36 has at least one opening 40 located between the two sealing members 34 and 35. It is through this opening that the fluid will be introduced to fraturate the area of the well designated by the reference 33.
  • the opening 40 may be closed off firstly by a jacket 41 to allow the establishment of the sealing members, then this jacket will be moved using a cable technique. ("Wireline” in Anglo-Saxon terms) to free the opening 40 and allow the fracturing of the zone to be fractured 33.
  • the probe support 37 is sealed and prevents any flow of the fracturing fluid towards the zone 32 where the measurements or interventions are carried out.
  • FIG. 10 also represents an embodiment for which the measurements are carried out in an area of the well 44 which will not be fractured.
  • the fracturing will take place in a fracturing zone 45 delimited by at least two sealing members 46 and 47.
  • This embodiment differs from that shown in FIG. 9 in that the flexible connecting member 48 is fixed to a probe support, or base, 49 movable in the casing 50.
  • the movement of the base 49 is limited by at least one lower stop 51. In this position, the base 49 prevents any flow of the fracturing fluid towards the zone of the well 44 where the measurements are made.
  • This embodiment allows the probe 52 to be moved even after the organs have been anchored sealing 46 and 47.
  • the probe it is also possible to move the probe during fracturing.
  • the latching or mechanical connection members it will be necessary for the latching or mechanical connection members to allow the transmission of a sufficient tensile force to overcome the action of the pressure forces on the base 49.
  • the base 49 must remain watertight during of this displacement.
  • the passage opening 53 of the fracturing fluid may be placed closer to the upper sealing member 47, just as the lower stop 51 may be placed in a lower position relative to the sealing member 46.
  • Step b) can be carried out before step c) or after step d).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
EP84400619A 1983-04-07 1984-03-28 Méthode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits Expired EP0122839B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8305823 1983-04-07
FR8305823A FR2544013B1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1983-04-07 Methode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans un puits

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0122839A1 EP0122839A1 (fr) 1984-10-24
EP0122839B1 true EP0122839B1 (fr) 1989-02-15

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EP84400619A Expired EP0122839B1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1984-03-28 Méthode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US4690214A (da)
EP (1) EP0122839B1 (da)
CA (1) CA1238849A (da)
DE (1) DE3476775D1 (da)
DK (1) DK160628C (da)
FR (1) FR2544013B1 (da)
IN (1) IN160484B (da)
MX (1) MX170100B (da)
NO (1) NO162580C (da)

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Publication number Publication date
EP0122839A1 (fr) 1984-10-24
DK179884A (da) 1984-10-08
FR2544013A1 (fr) 1984-10-12
NO162580B (no) 1989-10-09
DE3476775D1 (en) 1989-03-23
CA1238849A (fr) 1988-07-05
DK179884D0 (da) 1984-04-05
NO841346L (no) 1984-10-08
US4690214A (en) 1987-09-01
MX170100B (es) 1993-08-06
IN160484B (da) 1987-07-11
DK160628B (da) 1991-04-02
DK160628C (da) 1991-09-02
NO162580C (no) 1990-01-17
FR2544013B1 (fr) 1986-05-02

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