EP0130880B1 - Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauart - Google Patents

Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauart Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130880B1
EP0130880B1 EP19840401260 EP84401260A EP0130880B1 EP 0130880 B1 EP0130880 B1 EP 0130880B1 EP 19840401260 EP19840401260 EP 19840401260 EP 84401260 A EP84401260 A EP 84401260A EP 0130880 B1 EP0130880 B1 EP 0130880B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cylinder
combustion engine
crankshaft
bearings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840401260
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0130880A1 (de
Inventor
Armand Castarede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SA
Original Assignee
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Publication of EP0130880A1 publication Critical patent/EP0130880A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0130880B1 publication Critical patent/EP0130880B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
    • F02F7/0046—Shape of casings adapted to facilitate fitting or dismantling of engine parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0065—Shape of casings for other machine parts and purposes, e.g. utilisation purposes, safety
    • F02F7/008—Sound insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine and applies more particularly to inline piston scorers.
  • An essential aim of the invention is to present a new structure of an internal combustion engine whose technology aims:
  • the energy dissipated by friction is mainly located in the shaft line, the crankpins as well as at the level of the pistors and the camshaft.
  • the invention then proposes to lighten the piston as much as possible; the greatest weight gain will be obtained by the use of a connecting rod end known as a "viper head" which makes it possible to reduce the length and the diameter of the piston pin.
  • the invention finally proposes to reduce the diameters of the camshaft bearings as much as possible.
  • crankshaft comprising its connecting rods and pistons cannot be mounted in a cylinder block whose spacing of the cylinders does not allow the passage of the pistons with respect to the bearings of crankshaft.
  • This reduced center distance of the cylinders is justified by the lightness and size of the engine necessary for the increase in its specific power.
  • the invention proposes to insert shirts added into the cylinder head extended for this purpose on the length of the embedding.
  • an internal combustion engine according to the invention of the in-line piston type and comprising a cylinder head, a cylinder block consisting of two half-casings, the assembly plane of which coincides with the plane containing the cylinder axes and forming after assembly, crankshaft bearings and an oil bowl, and a movable coupling comprising in particular a monobloc connecting rod and a crankshaft with removable elements this cylinder head being extended over a height necessary for the fitting of at least one attached and suspended jacket, is characterized in that these crankpins and journals are mounted in floating rings so as to reduce the average friction pressure by reducing the diameters thereof.
  • this monobloc connecting rod has a connecting rod whose thickness gradually decreases towards a piston articulated on the latter, so as to lighten this piston by reducing the length of the diameter of its piston pin.
  • these two cylinder halves naturally form after assembly, crankshaft bearings and an oil bowl, so as to increase the rigidity of the engine and lower its noise level.
  • the cylinder head is extended over a height necessary for the fitting of at least one attached and suspended shirt.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show an in-line multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, in accordance with the invention, which in particular comprises a cylinder head 2, a cylinder block 4 and a movable coupling 6.
  • This movable coupling comprises a crankshaft 8, connecting rods 10 and pistons 12.
  • Each connecting rod 10 of the monobloc type called “eye” has a connecting rod foot 14 called “viper head” whose thickness gradually decreases towards the corresponding piston 12 articulated on the latter via d 'A piston pin 16.
  • the crankshaft 8 is conatitué by crank pins 81 and pins 82, connected by arms 83 and mounted in floating rings 84 coated with anti-friction.
  • Each piston 12 moves in a suspended jacket 18 embedded in the cylinder head 2 and free from deformation.
  • Each piston skirt 20 has the necessary and sufficient lift.
  • the piston pins 16 are mounted tight in the connecting rod feet 14 and, as a result, the pistons 12 will be assembled on the connecting rods 10 before mounting of the latter on the crankshaft 8.
  • This mobile coupling 6 therefore has very low rotation masses which can be fully balanced cylinder by cylinder. Thanks to its lightening possibilities and the reduced dimensioning of its crank pins 81 and journals 82, the crankshaft 8 nevertheless retains a high natural frequency.
  • the cylinder block 4 is formed by two half-casings 41 and 42, the assembly plane of which coincides with the plane 21 containing the cylinder axes 22.
  • the cylinder head 2 fitted with recessed and suspended liners 18 is lowered, for the assembly of the engine, on the pistons 12 held in the same plane by a suitable assembly.
  • the possibility of strapping segmentation 24 remains whole and practical.
  • the cylinder head 2 is positioned in its final place, with the clearance necessary for styling the crankshaft 8 and the liners 18 by the half-casings-cylinders 41 and 42. All that remains is to secure these with the cylinder head 2 by screwing when assembled.
  • the advantages which result from the technology specific to the engine structure described above are numerous.
  • the hanging folders 18 are free from deformation; their embedding in the cylinder head 2, produced by fitting and gluing, dispenses with the use of a cylinder head gasket. They will be finished machining before fitting.
  • the cylinder head 2 will be assembled with the half-casings-cylinders 41, 42 by screws 26 whose location and sizing are no longer dictated by the concern for sealing a cylinder head gasket. A different distribution thereof is therefore possible and results in the possibility of placing two spark plugs 28 per cylinder under the best conditions.
  • the half-casings-cylinders 41, 42 are very easily obtained from die-cast aluminum, in a mold where they can be arranged in pairs; they make it possible to mold internal shapes such as pockets, so as to increase the volume of lubricating oil for a given size.
  • the assembled half-cylinder-casings 41, 42 naturally form the crankshaft bearings 30 and the oil bowl 32. Once capped by the cylinder head 2, they form a closed box which has great rigidity and great lightness.
  • the fixing screws 34 at the right of each crankshaft bearing no longer support the maximum forces and can be minimized in the same way as the fixing screws 26 of the cylinder head 2.
  • the assembled 41.42 cylinder half-casings therefore replace a traditional cylinder block fitted with its caps and its oil bowl. They ensure a good 360 ° connection with a gearbox housing to avoid its flapping.
  • the shaft line is particularly stiffened, which contributes to obtaining good straightness and reducing the noise level and friction. The latter are moreover reduced by the use of floating bearing rings 84.
  • a chamber 36 naturally forms around the sleeves 18 in the assembled half-casings 41 and 42; it will be used for the passage of the lubricating oil from the engine before its distribution to the various points to be lubricated.
  • This chamber is sealed at its upper part by the cylinder head gasket plane 41, 42.
  • an O-ring 38 located on the side of the connecting rod chamber ensures the sealing, and constitutes an anti-vibration support point for shirts.
  • This oil chamber is surrounded by a water chamber 40 which regulates by thermal transfer, the temperature of the oil whose viscosity will be as low as possible.
  • the sleeves 18 transfer calories to the oil which rises rapidly in temperature, thus contributing to the reduction of friction losses in the so-called "cold" use phases.
  • the cylinder head 2 detailed in FIGS. 3 and 4 is of the crossflow type, with an intake heated by the exhaust gases. It comprises a single overhead camshaft 44 carried by a cover 46 which forms the upper half-bearings 48 thereof. Lower half-bearings 50 are attached to the joint plane of the cover 44. They are housed inside this cylinder head 2 and allow a plane joint to be obtained.
  • valves 52 perpendicular to the plane of the cylinder head-casing joint, are arranged for each cylinder, on either side of the longitudinal engine plane 21 containing the cylinder axes 22. These valves are attacked by latches 54 which are based on hydraulic ball joints 56.
  • This cylinder head has no combustion chamber, the latter 58 being of the heron type in the piston 12.
  • This cylinder head is equipped with two spark plugs 28 per cylinder for the use of a lean mixture with partial loads, and recessed shirts 18.
  • the cylinder head 2 with its cover 46 and its half-bearings 48 and 50 is die-cast under pressure.
  • the use of sand cores to obtain the water chamber 40 is thus avoided.
  • This annular water chamber surrounds the liners 18 over their entire height and the thickness of the chamber bottom 60 of the cylinder head.
  • cooling conduits 62 pierced or coming from the foundry, housed in this flat chamber bottom 60.
  • These conduits 62 are disposed between the. valves 52 and spark plugs 28, and in the inter-cylinder planes. They flow to all the inter-seats 64 of valves in conduits 66 which are perpendicular to them and which open into a longitudinal manifold 68.
  • the coolant is forced to travel through the hottest zones of the cylinder head 2, at high speed and for the benefit of heat exchanges.
  • valve guides 70 intersect at manifold 68 and benefit from direct cooling.
  • a water outlet is traditionally fitted at the end of this collector. It follows that the valves 52, spark plugs 28, fixing screw 26 of the cylinder head 2, exhaust gas supply ducts 71 on the intake manifold face - for reheating the latter -, are particularly arranged. depending on cooling requirements.
  • All parts of the cylinder head 2 can be obtained in a metal mold; only the intake ducts 72 are outlined by suitable daggers, and terminated in machining so as not to harm their aerodynamics.
  • the exhaust ducts 74 are cased with a refractory material to conserve the heat of the gases (post-combustion, turbo-compressor, insulation of the cylinder head).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauart, mit einem Zylinderkopf (2), mit einem Zylinderblock (4), der aus zwei Halbblöcken (41, 42) besteht, deren Verbindungsebene (21) mit der Ebene zusammenfällt, die die Zylinderachsen (22) enthält und die nach dem Zusammenbau Kurbelwellenlager (30) bilden und eine Olwanne (32), und mit einer beweglichen Kraftübertragungsanordnung (6), die eine einstückige Pleuelstange (10) und eine Kurbelwelle (8) mit abnehmbaren Teilen aufweist, wobei der Zylinderkopf (2) bis auf eine Höhe verlängert ist, die erforderlich ist, zur Aufnahme wenigstens einer an ihm befestigten und von ihm getragenen Laufbüchse (18), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurbelzapfen (81) und die Grundlagerzapfen (82) in schwimmenden Ringen (84) derart gelagert sind, daß der mittlere Druck der Reibung verringert ist durch Verringerung der Durchmesser dieser Kurbelzapfen und Grundlagerzapfen.
2. Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede einstückige Pleuelstange (10) einen Pleuelkopf (14) aufweist, dessen Dicke fortschreitend in Richtung eines an ihm angelenkten Kolbens (12) abnimmt um so den Kolben zu erleichtern durch Verringerung der Länge und des Durchmessers des Kolbenbolzens (16).
3. Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fertig bearbeitete Laufbüchse (18) im Zylinderkopf (2) durch Klemmen und Kleben eingesetzt ist um so die Verwendung einer Zylinder, kopfdichtung zu vermeiden.
4. Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinderkopf (2) einen Deckel (46) aufweist, der obere Halblager (48) für eine Nockenwelle (44) bildet, deren untere Halblager (50) im Inneren des Zylinderkopfes (2) entlang der Verbindungsebene des Deckels (46) befestigt sind.
EP19840401260 1983-06-22 1984-06-19 Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauart Expired EP0130880B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8310296A FR2547865B1 (fr) 1983-06-22 1983-06-22 Structure et procede d'assemblage pour un moteur a combustion interne du type a pistons en ligne
FR8310296 1983-06-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130880A1 EP0130880A1 (de) 1985-01-09
EP0130880B1 true EP0130880B1 (de) 1987-01-14

Family

ID=9290042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840401260 Expired EP0130880B1 (de) 1983-06-22 1984-06-19 Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauart

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0130880B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3462060D1 (de)
ES (1) ES533581A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2547865B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR809758A (fr) * 1935-09-02 1937-03-10 Hirth Motoren G M B H Carter pour moteurs, particulièrement pour moteurs légers, tels que moteurs d'automobiles et d'avions
FR1511082A (fr) * 1966-12-15 1968-01-26 Peugeot Nouvel agencement de l'arbre à cames sur un moteur thermique ou compresseur et machine en résultant
US3479929A (en) * 1968-02-19 1969-11-25 Caterpillar Tractor Co Piston pin
US3521613A (en) * 1968-09-17 1970-07-28 Aldo Celli Engine with die-cast static parts
US3851631A (en) * 1973-03-16 1974-12-03 Kiekhaefer Aeromarine Motors Die cast v-type two-cycle engine
GB1565799A (en) * 1976-11-01 1980-04-23 Wood J Internal combustion engine body construction
FR2420696A1 (fr) * 1978-03-21 1979-10-19 Citroen Sa Perfectionnements aux embiellages de moteur a combustion interne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2547865A1 (fr) 1984-12-28
DE3462060D1 (en) 1987-02-19
EP0130880A1 (de) 1985-01-09
ES8600460A1 (es) 1985-09-16
ES533581A0 (es) 1985-09-16
FR2547865B1 (fr) 1987-08-14

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