EP0134874A2 - Brique hautement calorifuge pour murage - Google Patents

Brique hautement calorifuge pour murage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134874A2
EP0134874A2 EP83830185A EP83830185A EP0134874A2 EP 0134874 A2 EP0134874 A2 EP 0134874A2 EP 83830185 A EP83830185 A EP 83830185A EP 83830185 A EP83830185 A EP 83830185A EP 0134874 A2 EP0134874 A2 EP 0134874A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brick
sub
arcs
walls
chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83830185A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0134874A3 (en
EP0134874B1 (fr
Inventor
Giuseppe Vadala'
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83830185T priority Critical patent/ATE44571T1/de
Publication of EP0134874A2 publication Critical patent/EP0134874A2/fr
Publication of EP0134874A3 publication Critical patent/EP0134874A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0134874B1 publication Critical patent/EP0134874B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a brick preferably made of clay for use in construction in reinforced concrete and in traditional masonry with a decisive thermal insulating function, light in weight, very strong, and low in cost, to be used as a self-supporting and/or sealing and/or partitioning element.
  • the structure In residential as well as industrial construction, the structure is commonly enclosed by means of two brick walls placed at a certain distance from one another (air space). The space between the two walls is filled with an insulating material.
  • This procedure involves very high labor costs in the construction of the two parallel walls a certain distance apart, as well as very high costs for the necessary insulating material.
  • the insulating material sublimes over time, that is it becomes depleted, reducing the function of the air space until it is eliminated , and with it the function of providing good insulation.
  • the raw material mixture for example of clay
  • combust ble organic materials like sawdust, peat, cork, coal dust and the like.
  • these materials are released in gaseous form givin q rise inside the brick to an alveolar configuration which has the duel effect of improving insulation and liqhtening the brick.
  • these combustible organic materials cannot be added to the mixture beyond a certain degree since increasing the quantity considerably decreases the moldability of the mixture due to the relatively high friction of said materials.
  • increasing the quantity of organic material incorporated greatly lowers the pressure resistance since the incorporated material impeeds the natural contraction of the raw material during drying. This leads to cracks which increase because of the above mentioned friction of the incorporated material.
  • increasing the quantity of material :placed in the mixture widens the cracks so much the strength of the product is seriously reduced.
  • Italian patent 605,312 proposes incorporating in the raw material (clay, kaolin, clay schists and the like) a compressable material synthetic in nature, molding the resulting mixture to form the final product, drying it, and finally firing it. Since the incorporated material can be compressed to a smaller volume, it does not prevent contraction of the raw material during drying. Crack formation is thus substantially reduced or even eliminated, and the compression strength of the product is not compromised.
  • the synthetic compressable material is placed in the mixture in the form of pieces made to swell or foam, oreferably in the form of small beads.
  • Italian patent 605,312 proposes a synthetic material like polystyrene, phenol-plastics, polyvinyl synthetics like polyvinyl chloride, or polyesters, formaldehyde urea, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, latex rubber, silica and cellulose derivatives like cellulose acetate.
  • a brick as described has been marketed under the name "Poroton". It is rectangular is shape and subdivided by means of partitions running along its width into several chambers parallel to one another and connected by several partitions orthogonal to the former, so as to form an actual lattice.
  • the periphery of the brick like all its partitions, has an alveolar structure, as described below, in order to reduce weight and allow good insulation.
  • Such a brick responds in effect, both in terms of cell-like structure and of the percent of openings (maximum 45%), that is of the empty spaces created in the chambers formed by the partitions and the cell-like structure, to the properties listed for bricks prepared with cell-like structure using compressable organic materials.
  • the insulation is a function only of the cell-like structure and that to obtain said structure, one must use synthetic compressable material whose cost is not negligible.
  • the quantity of said material may not, even in this type of brick, exceed a certain amount, to prevent excessive weakening of hte brick itself.
  • the various chambers are connected to one another, from the inside toward the outside, by several septa which form several actual heat bridges, which facilitate heat transmission by conduction in this direction to the point of cancelling the effect of the chambers presence and even reducing the insulating effect which it could have achieved thanks to the cell-like structure.
  • the aim of this invention is thus to overcome the inconveniences mentioned above by proposing a self- weight but still very strong, with low production costs and, above all, decidedly elevated insulation.
  • the invention achieves this by realizing a brick, preferably of clay, characterized by the fact that:
  • the fundamental concept of the invention thus resides in the structural geometry with which heat transmission bridges have been substantially eliminated, by limiting the connections between sub-blocks to septa of minimum length, in any case never placed in line with cores in the same direction, and by reducing to a minimum the contact surface between the convex walls of the chambers. Since the air chambers in each sub-block must extend as much as possible in the direction of its transverse axis, the curving wails are of long radius and, consequently, their contact surfaces are the minimum. Therefore, the invention includes connection between the walls by means of septa which may be very short since they connect opposite convex walls.
  • the brick is realized preferably in clay, with no use of cell-like material.
  • the structural geometry also enhances acoustic inertia.
  • the vibratory energy hitting the exposed wall should then restart from longer walls and always different distances, since a rectilinear wall is always opposite a curved wall, and a concave curved wall is always opposite a convex one.
  • the structural geometry consists of arcs and segments of a circle arranged so as to absorb compression loads in an optimal way.
  • the resultants of all the forces acting on the arcs of the sub-block are distributed along the arcs depending on their height, and the connecting septa between the opposite convex walls of the individual chambers are placed in the points where the arcs break.
  • the brick according to the invention consists in the present case of three sub-bricks indicated aenerically with 1,2,3, where S indicated the width, L the length and H the height.
  • S indicated the width, L the length and H the height.
  • the air chambers are represented by the spaces 4-13 between arcs of a circle .14,14'; 15,15'; 16,16' arranged with concave and convex shapes opposite to one another in groups of two, and that, again in groups of two, the centers of curvature of the arcs are aligned along a single line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick.
  • the connecting septa 17,18,19 between the chambers 4,5; 6,7; 8,9 are of minimum length since they connect the chambers between two convex points in their walls.
  • Chambers 4-13 are all not very wide in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the brick, while they extend in height, that is, in the direction of the transverse axis of the brick.
  • septa 20,21 connecting sub- bocks 1,2,3 to one another are shifted toward the inside to the brick. This is done to interrupt the continuity of the thermal bridge along one external core from one sub-block to the other.
  • the connecting septa 22,23 are also neither aligned nor in correspondence with the inner cores in the same direction, so contributing to obstruction of conduction of heat, which is dispersed instead on the walls and so vertically.
  • the bricks may be laid both with the openings in horizontal planes and overlapping, and with the openings in vertical planes and side by side, as shown more clearly in figures 2 and 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
EP83830185A 1983-07-04 1983-09-26 Brique hautement calorifuge pour murage Expired EP0134874B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83830185T ATE44571T1 (de) 1983-07-04 1983-09-26 Hochisolierender ziegel fuer mauerwerk.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8308204A IT1212946B (it) 1983-07-04 1983-07-04 Blocco in laterizio per muratura ad elevata coibenza
IT820483 1983-07-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0134874A2 true EP0134874A2 (fr) 1985-03-27
EP0134874A3 EP0134874A3 (en) 1986-12-17
EP0134874B1 EP0134874B1 (fr) 1989-07-12

Family

ID=11126097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83830185A Expired EP0134874B1 (fr) 1983-07-04 1983-09-26 Brique hautement calorifuge pour murage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0134874B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE44571T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3380180D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1212946B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255117A (en) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-28 Hepworth Building Prod Building block

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114961084A (zh) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-30 源海资源再生科技(云南)有限公司 一种轻质高强保温砖

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US989344A (en) * 1909-04-19 1911-04-11 Elbridge J Forbes Building-block.
FR509431A (fr) * 1920-02-05 1920-11-09 Ferdinand Herzog Brique creuse ou à cellules pour maconnerie
US1649367A (en) * 1926-02-20 1927-11-15 George D Reagan Building unit
US2009217A (en) * 1929-01-17 1935-07-23 Vern A Barnhart Building block
FR1274082A (fr) * 1960-11-21 1961-10-20 Bloc parasoleil pour immeubles, capable de laisser passer la lumière et l'air tout en arrêtant les rayons solaires

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255117A (en) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-28 Hepworth Building Prod Building block
GB2255117B (en) * 1991-04-22 1995-08-09 Hepworth Building Prod Building block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0134874A3 (en) 1986-12-17
IT1212946B (it) 1989-12-07
IT8308204A0 (it) 1983-07-04
ATE44571T1 (de) 1989-07-15
DE3380180D1 (en) 1989-08-17
EP0134874B1 (fr) 1989-07-12

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