EP0141177A2 - Apparatus for compressing fibrous-cement slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

@ In a system for pressing fiber cement panels, fiber cement mats (1) lying between manipulation surfaces (3) of a press base (2) are pressed in a press point of a press. The loaded press pads (2) are transported in and out of the pressing point by means of a transport device. In order to prevent the documents (2) from slipping or canting during transport and thus to ensure their exact positioning at least at the pressing point, the transport device has two conveyor belts (8) running parallel to one another along the pressing point, the relative distance and width of which correspond to the distance and correspond to the width of the manipulation surfaces (3) of the press pads. The press pads are transported exposed on the conveyor belts (8). The straps (8) are, both of the same length, provided with their length along at regular, equal intervals successive, fixed engagement points (9) to the strap. The belts (8) are assigned a drive device (10), which has engagement elements (11) that are designed to engage the engagement points (9) and engage in the engagement points (9). The drive device (10) is designed to move the two belts (8) synchronously, ie at the same speed at the same time. In a preferred embodiment, the conveyor belts are toothed belts (8), the teeth (9) of which form the points of engagement, and the engagement elements are toothed drive gears (11) according to the pitch and tooth shape of the toothed belts (8). The two toothed belts (8) are synchronized by means of a common shaft of the drive toothed wheels (11), which is coupled to an adjustable DC motor (M).

Description

The invention relates to a system for pressing fiber cement slabs, which first lie in the form of a fiber cement mat in the middle on a press base with symmetrically arranged, lateral manipulation surfaces between them and into a press point of a press and then as pressed plates on the press base from the press point can be transported by means of a transport device.

In a continuous manufacturing process of fiber cement boards, which is common today, a prefabricated fiber cement mat is transferred to a delivered press base. The loaded underlay is transported to a press in a pressing point and, positioned there, pressed with the mat. After the pressing process, the base with the pressed plate is transported out of the pressing point. The plate is then removed from the base and the empty base is transported back to the start of the system in order to be loaded again with a fiber cement mat to be pressed. Typically, a number of the press pads circulate in the process at a speed of, for example, 3 m / sec and in a sequence of, for example, 12 seconds. Such a system works automatically, and for safety reasons an intervention by the human hand is impossible. Continuous production around the clock is required. Accordingly, high demands are placed on the reliability of the transport of the press documents or the loaded press documents, in particular with regard to precise positioning at the treatment or manipulation stations of the system mentioned. The transport is therefore difficult rig to ensure, since the circulating press pads are mainly impaired during the pressing and more or less deformed, for example, no longer have to be transported perfectly flat.

An attempt was made to solve the transport using chain tugs. These prove to be unsatisfactory. Because the play between the chain links, which increases unpredictably and mainly due to wear and tear, is technically unattainable, a pointwise parallel synchronization of a pair of drag chains. Furthermore, the often uneven, damaged documents must be held to the chain hoists by means of complicated grippers. An exact positioning is hardly attainable with these transport devices, often the documents jam relative to the intended transport route. For all these reasons, the process flow is disrupted and production is interrupted until the damage or the cause of the damage has been remedied.

Similar difficulties also arose when an attempt was made to provide the transport device with conventional conveyor belts. A parallel synchronous run of a pair of belts could not be achieved here, mainly because of inevitable slippage between the drive and the belt. Even when starting and braking, the documents slipped or tilted, which made precise positioning impossible.

Finally, loading wagons moving back and forth between two stations are also possible, as are known, for example, from DE-OS 3 146 813. This transport device appears to be technically complex.

It is an object of the invention to propose an improved transport system for a system of the type described in the introduction, compared to the previously known. In particular, tilting or slipping of the press documents to be transported is to be avoided, thereby ensuring their exact positioning in the individual treatment or manipulation stations without bruising. The transport device should be relatively simple and also applicable for systems with presses with two pressing points arranged one above the other.

To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that, in order to accommodate the pressing pads with the plates, the transport device has two conveyor belts running parallel to one another along the pressing point, the relative spacing and width of which is the distance and the width of the manipulation surfaces of the pressing pads, which are exposed on the belts for transport come, correspond to which tapes, both of the same length, are provided with their length in a regular spaced succession to the tape, fixed engagement points, to which tapes a drive device is assigned, which has engagement points designed for engaging the engagement points, the drive device to synchronous movement of the two belts, ie at the same speed at the same time.

This results in a punctually synchronous running of the two conveyor belts relative to each other, so that tilting cannot occur and trouble-free transportation with precise positioning in the respective station is achieved.

A preferred embodiment is given in that the conveyor belts are designed as toothed belts, the regularly arranged teeth of which form the engagement points, the pitch and tooth shape of the toothed belts being provided in accordance with toothed drive gearwheels which form the engagement elements of the drive device.

Such timing belts are available on the market and the transport device equipped with them works reliably and practically maintenance-free.

A system according to the invention and its advantages are described and explained in more detail below.

• Figur 1 zeigt eine mit erfindungsgemässen Transportvorrichtungen versehene Anlage zum Pressen von Faserzementplatten schematisch von der Seite.
• Figur 2 zeigt ein Detail der Transportvorrichtung.
• Figur 3 zeigt eine Wartestation der Transportvorrichtung.

The description refers to the following drawing figures:

• Figure 1 shows a plant provided with transport devices according to the invention for pressing fiber cement panels schematically from the side.
• Figure 2 shows a detail of the transport device.
• Figure 3 shows a waiting station of the transport device.

The system shown in FIG. 1 is used to press fiber cement boards 1. First, in the form of a fiber cement mat, these are, as shown in FIG. 2, on a press base 2 which has lateral manipulation surfaces 3 arranged symmetrically in parallel. The plate 1 thus lies between the manipulation surfaces 3. The base 2 is perforated in the area covered by the plate 1, for removing the liquid to be pressed out of the mat during pressing. For presses from corrugated fiber cement panels, the underlay 2 is corrugated in this area. The _M anipulationsflächen 3 are each planar and lie in the same plane.

By means of a transport device, which is generally designated 6, the base 2 with the plate 1 is transported into a pressing point 4 of a press 5 and after the pressing, when the plate 1 has been pressed, the base 2 with the plate 1 transported out of the pressing point 4.

The pressing point is formed by pressing stamps 7, which cover the format of the plate 1, so that the manipulation surfaces 3 of the base 2 lie outside and parallel along the pressing point when the plate 1 with the base 2 is positioned in the pressing point 4.

To accommodate the individual press documents 2 with the plates 1, as is shown particularly clearly in FIG. 2, the transport device 6 has two conveyor belts 8. They run parallel to each other along the pressing point 4 through the press 5. The distance between the belts 8 and their width correspond to the relative distance and the width of the manipulation surfaces 3 of the press pads 2. The length of the belts 8, both the same, are regular The spacing between successive engagement points 9 which are fixed to the belt 8 is provided. A drive device 10 is assigned to these conveyor belts 8, which has engagement elements 11 which are designed corresponding to the engagement points 9 and engage in the engagement points. The drive device 10 is designed to move the belts 8 synchronously. It thus serves to move the belts 8 at the same speed and at the same time.

As shown in this example and indicated in FIG. 2, the conveyor belts are designed as toothed belts 8, the teeth 9 of which are regularly arranged in length and form the engagement points. The drive device 10 has a drive gear 11 assigned to each toothed belt 8, which is toothed according to the pitch and tooth shape of the toothed belt 8 and forms the mentioned engagement element. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, only one side of the toothed belt 8 is toothed and the other side is smooth. It can be seen that the toothed belt 8, with its toothed side, faces a press base 2 to be transported, which is transported exposed on the toothed belt 8.

In order to achieve an absolutely slip-free drive of the toothed belt 8, the toothed belt 8 is guided by means of two deflection rollers 12, so that it forms a loop around the drive toothed wheel 11. There is a loop in the range of 180 °. At the same time, the deflection rollers 12 serve as tension rollers for the toothed belt 8.

It has been shown that a toothed belt made of reinforced plastic is best suited for this transport device. Its smooth side should have good sliding properties compared to a guide pad 13, which is provided for its guidance and is made of plastic, for example. Such a timing belt is available on the market. It is also conceivable to use a liquid film, e.g. to provide a hydrostatically constructed liquid layer between the toothed belt 8 and the guide pad 13 in order to achieve wear-free conditions in the present case.

The synchronization of the two timing belts that form a cooperating pair is simply because of this achieved that the associated drive gear pair is driven by a common shaft which is coupled to a drive motor M.

In this described transport device, the two toothed belts 8 move absolutely synchronously and conformally. This means that there is no relative instantaneous displacement of one toothed belt relative to the other in the pair. The relatively heavy press pad 2 with the plate 1 is free but non-slipping on the toothed belt and cannot be shifted and / or tilted due to the momentary delay or advance of one belt relative to the other and can thus be positioned exactly at a desired point on the transport route.

To increase the adhesion between the conveyor belt 8 and the press pad 2, the surfaces of the conveyor belts 8 and the manipulation surfaces 3 of the press pads 2 facing or coming into contact with one another are to be provided with a non-slip surface in the case of the toothed belt only for the manipulation surfaces . Then a non-slip fit of the press pad on the belts is safely achieved.

In order to be able to regulate the transport differently and as desired in individual sections of the transport route, the transport device 6 is divided into three sections: a section 6 ¹ , which leads through the press 5, is preceded by a section 6 ² , which serves as a waiting station , and a section 6 ³ downstream, which serves as a parking station. Each of the three sections 6 ¹ , 6 ² , 6 ³ has a pair of conveyor belts 8 ¹ , 8 ² , 8 ³ in its area. Each pair is separated from the other in terms of drive and is equipped with its own, specifically commanded and adjustable drive device 10 ¹ , 10 ² , 10 ³ . Every drive forward direction is driven by its own, specially commanded and adjustable DC motor M. The system shown in Figure 1 is equipped with a press 5 with two pressing points 4 ¹ and 4 ² arranged one above the other. This press presses two plates at once in one work cycle. Each of the pressing points 4 ¹ and 4 ² is assigned a transport device 6. Thus, with regard to the press, the transport of the press documents 2 with the plates 1 takes place simultaneously in the same cycle in a lower and in an upper floor. The upper floor is shown in dashed lines in the drawing.

Prefabricated fiber cement mats are placed on the press pads in a charging station 14. The pad lies on a conveyor belt 15 of the station and waits there until the mat is put on.

The finished pressed fiber cement boards are removed from the press documents into a removal station 16, on the left in the picture, lying on a conveyor belt 17 of the station. The conveyor belts 15 and 17 of the loading and unloading stations are at the level of the lower transport floor mentioned above.

Every second loaded press pad coming from the charging station is raised from the level of the lower level to the level of the above-mentioned upper level and, after pressing, is lowered to the level of the lower level. This happens in the area of the waiting station 6 ² or in the area of the parking station 6 ³ . A waiting or parking station for this purpose is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. The conveyor belts 8 of the upper floor are arranged on a frame 20 so as to be laterally displaceable, so that the relative distance between the belts can be increased over the width of the press base. If the tapes are in this spread position, the press pad can be transported between them in the vertical direction. This vertical transport is provided by a lifting table with a horizontal table top 21, which can be moved by means of a lifting device 22 into an upper position above the level of the upper level and into a lower position below the level of the lower level.

• Eine erste Pressunterlage wurde an den Transportbändern 15 der Aufladestation liegend mit der Matte beladen.

The system works in the following operational steps:

• A first press pad was loaded with the mat lying on the conveyor belts 15 of the charging station.

After simultaneous movement of the belts 15 and the adjoining belts 8 ² , the base is positioned in the waiting station 6 ² on the lower belts 8 ² .

The table top 21 is in its lower position.

The upper conveyor belts of the waiting station 6 ² are spread and are in the position shown at the top right in FIG. 3, so that the underlay can be transported between them.

The table top 21 moves to its upper position and lifts the support above the level of the upper floor.

The upper bands return and are below the manipulation areas of the underlay. This position can be seen in the top left of Figure 3.

The table top 21 returns to its lower position and the first mat comes to rest on the upper belts.

A second, meanwhile loaded document comes to the lower level of the waiting station 6 ² .

The pressing points 4 ¹ and 4 ^{2 of} the press 5 open.

By simultaneously moving the conveyor belts 8 ² and 8 ^{1 of} the two floors, the first and the second loaded underlay are positioned in the relevant pressing points.

The pressing process is completed and the pressing points 4 ¹ and 4 ^{2 are} opened.

By simultaneously moving the belts 8 ¹ and the adhesive belts 8 ^{3 of} the two levels, the first and the second support are simultaneously moved into the parking statutes 6 ³ and positioned there. At the same time, the belts 8 ² and 8 ¹ on the two floors transport the next two waiting documents to the pressing points 4 ¹ and ₄ ² .

The underlay located on the lower level is moved into the unloading station 16 by simultaneously moving the lower belts 8 ³ and the adjoining belts 17 and the pressed plate is removed from the underlay.

The empty pad is transported back to the charging station 14 via a transport path.

The table top 21 in the parking station 6 ³ goes into its upper position and thus lifts the surface previously lying on the upper belts.

The thus relieved upper belts are spread apart and the table top 21 with the press pad lying on it then returns to its lower position. The pad is thus transferred to the belts 8 ^{3 on} the lower floor of the parking station-6 ³ .

The upper belts return to their closer position and are thus ready to take over another press pad.

By simultaneously moving the lower belts 8 ³ and the adjoining belts 17, the base which has been converted from top to bottom is inserted into the unloading station drive and after removal of the fiber cement board, the empty base is transported back to the charging station 14 via the above-mentioned transport route.

The system works continuously and the described transport of the documents is regulated in accordance with the cycle of the press 5. The loading and unloading of the documents takes place in stations 14 and 16 in half a cycle. The transfer of every second document from one floor to the other in stations 6 ² and 6 ^{3 also} takes place within the period of half a cycle.

The transport devices in stations 14 and 16, i.e. the conveyor belts 15 and 17 and the drive devices 18 and 19 are also designed in accordance with the described invention. With the same means, the return of the empty documents can be solved.

Claims (11)

1. Plant for pressing fiber cement panels (1), which are first in the form of a fiber cement mat in the middle on a press base (2) with symmetrically arranged lateral manipulation surfaces (3) between them and into a press point (4) of a press (5) and then transported as pressed plates on the pressing base from the pressing point by means of a transport device (6), characterized in that, in order to receive the pressing plates (2) with the plates (1), the transport device (6) two parallel to each other along the pressing point (4) has running conveyor belts (8), the relative spacing and width of which correspond to the spacing and the width of the manipulation surfaces (3) of the press pads which are exposed for transportation on the belts, which belts are both the same, with their length regularly Distance between successive, fixed to the band engagement points (9) are provided, which bands (8) ei A drive device (10) is assigned, which has engagement elements (11) designed to engage the engagement points (9) and engage the engagement points, the drive device (10) for synchronously moving the two belts (8), i.e. at the same speed at the same time. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belts are designed as toothed belts (8), the regularly arranged teeth (9) of which form the engagement points, the toothed belt being divided and toothed according to toothed drive gears (11) which are provided Form engaging elements of the drive device. 3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that only one side of the toothed belt (8) is toothed, and its other side is smooth, and that the toothed belt with its toothed side faces a press pad (2) to be transported, which on the Timing belt is transported exposed. 4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the toothed belt (8) for driving by means of two deflection rollers (12) around the drive gear (11) forming a loop is arranged guided. 5. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the toothed belt (8) is made of reinforced plastic, and that the smooth side of the toothed belt has good sliding properties relative to a guide pad (13) for the toothed belt. 6. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport device (6) is divided into three sections, a section leading through the press (5) (6 ¹ ) upstream of a waiting station (6 ² ) and a storage station (6) downstream is, which three sections each have a pair of conveyor belts (8) in their area, and each section is equipped with its own, specifically commanded and adjustable drive device (10 ¹ , 10 ² , 10 ³ ). 7. Plant according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by a press (5) with two superimposed pressing points (4 ¹ , 4 ² ), and in that each of the pressing points is assigned its own transport device (6). 8. Plant according to claims 7 or 6, wherein the transport devices (6) each have a waiting (6 ² ) and a parking station (6 ³ ), characterized in that the upper pairs of conveyor belts (8) laterally in the stations are arranged displaceably mounted, to enlarge the rela _- tive distance of the bands, so that with this increased distance the pressing base through (8) across the width of the pressing base (2) (2) between the belts in a vertical direction to transport, and that to this transport at the stations lifting devices (21) are provided. 9. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive devices (10) are each equipped with their own, specifically commanded and adjustable DC motor (M). 10. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that for a pair of toothed belts (8) a pair of drive gears (11) is provided, which are driven synchronously by a common drive motor (M) coupled shaft. 11. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belts (8) have a handy, a relative slipping of the pressing pads to be transported (2) complicating, the manipulation surfaces (3) facing surface, the manipulation surfaces (3) on their Conveyor belts (8) facing side have an appropriately designed surface for non-slip contact between the conveyor belts (8) and the press pads (2).

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