EP0142390B1 - Polyphonische Vorrichtung zur Analyse vom Fingersatz bei einem Meistersaiteninstrument - Google Patents

Polyphonische Vorrichtung zur Analyse vom Fingersatz bei einem Meistersaiteninstrument Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142390B1
EP0142390B1 EP84401750A EP84401750A EP0142390B1 EP 0142390 B1 EP0142390 B1 EP 0142390B1 EP 84401750 A EP84401750 A EP 84401750A EP 84401750 A EP84401750 A EP 84401750A EP 0142390 B1 EP0142390 B1 EP 0142390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
polyphonic
strings
instrument
string
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EP84401750A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0142390A1 (de
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Daniel Cintra
Jean-Claude Weil
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0041—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments in coded form
    • G10H1/0058—Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/342—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments for guitar-like instruments with or without strings and with a neck on which switches or string-fret contacts are used to detect the notes being played
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2210/155—Musical effects
    • G10H2210/195—Modulation effects, i.e. smooth non-discontinuous variations over a time interval, e.g. within a note, melody or musical transition, of any sound parameter, e.g. amplitude, pitch, spectral response or playback speed
    • G10H2210/221—Glissando, i.e. pitch smoothly sliding from one note to another, e.g. gliss, glide, slide, bend, smear or sweep
    • G10H2210/225—Portamento, i.e. smooth continuously variable pitch-bend, without emphasis of each chromatic pitch during the pitch change, which only stops at the end of the pitch shift, as obtained, e.g. by a MIDI pitch wheel or trombone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to stringed musical instruments of the guitar type, comprising means for analyzing the playing or fingering of an instrumentalist on the said guitar in order to control a second instrument of the keyboard and / or electronic type.
  • US-A-4 038 897 teaches a device in which the frets of the instrument, which are conventionally made of a conductive material, each receive a different electrical voltage. The coming into contact of a string with a hoop can thus be detected by a tension measurement; however, this type of device prohibits by its very principle any polyphonic playing (that is to say with the possibility of simultaneous emission of several notes) because any electrical contact between two strings via one or more frets leads to inevitable errors detection.
  • US-A-3,530,227 teaches a device in which each hoop is segmented into electrically conductive sections insulated from each other by insulating sections and respectively associated with each string. Admittedly the contact between a determined string and a determined hoop can be detected without ambiguity, but many problems are however encountered. In particular, when a string is pulled or pushed laterally as described above to achieve a portamento effect, and it comes into contact with an insulating part of the hoop concerned, then it is clear that a detection error is inevitable. In addition, the respective degrees of wear of the conductive and insulating parts of the hoops can become appreciably different, which, it will be appreciated, considerably hinders play, because the upper surface of the hoops is no longer smooth. Finally, the presence of conductive dust on the handle of the instrument is liable to create untimely short circuits between the adjacent conductive sections of the hoops.
  • circuit 13 of U.S. Patent 3,871,247 cannot be considered as an analog voltage comparator. It only detects whether there is contact or not. It does not compare voltages, but takes into account voltages which can only have two values.
  • the comparator circuit 24 according to the invention is an analog voltage comparator, and it can react to any voltage between two limit voltages. Not only does it not detect the presence of a voltage, but it is also able to identify the voltage which is the highest among several voltages.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a device for analyzing the play or fingering on a string instrument, for the purposes of real-time control on a second keyboard and / or electronic instrument, in which the playing or fingering of the instrumentalist can be determined at any time without any ambiguity and in polyphony, without in any way modifying the aspect and the mechanical characteristics of the instrument.
  • the present invention relates to a device for analyzing the polyphonic fingering for a string source instrument for the purpose of controlling a target instrument, the source instrument comprising a series of strings having a non-zero electrical resistance. and a series of electrically conductive frets extending transversely to the strings in the region thereof, characterized in that it comprises switching means arranged to successively switch a first end of each string between a first voltage source V1 and a second voltage d power supply, each of the other cords being connected to ground, by one of its two ends, means for connecting the other end of the cords to a voltage source different from said first supply voltage source, comparator means of voltages comprising a series of inputs respectively connected to each of the frets, which are not segmented, and to the nut, and analysis and control means connected to the output of the comparator means, to the switching means and to the instrument -target, the analysis and control means indicating which of the hoops is at the potential closest to the first tension via said cord, one end of which is
  • the transmitting musical instrument which one could otherwise call “master” or “source”
  • to 66 conventionally, are electrically conductive, and have a resistance of 1 to 2 ohms from one end to the other. They are not covered with an electrically insulating material.
  • 66 extend, under mechanical tension, substantially parallel to each other between a nut 701 of conductive metal, conventionally mounted, and a bridge 8 fixed to the body 2.
  • the strings are fixed on the bridge side by anchor points 9 also fixed to the body.
  • the anchor points 9 of the respective cords must be electrically isolated from each other.
  • a plurality of frets 702 to 723 made of a conductive metal such as brass.
  • frets 701 takes the place of the first hoop, and is connected to ground (zero electric voltage) by a resistor 70, for the purposes explained below.
  • a plectrum or pick 10 of a conductive metal is provided on the body 2 .
  • a second microphone 12 is also provided, but this comprises; for purposes explained below, an individual winding for each string.
  • the source instrument further comprises, for example in the region of the anchor points 9 of the strings 61 to 66, electro-mechanical or other means for detecting variations in the mechanical tension of said strings; these means can for example be constituted by displacement or deformation sensors installed on the individual uprights of the anchoring points of each rope and schematically indicated in 13.
  • the strain gauges will be used for the sensors 13.
  • various adjustment means 14 in the form of potentiometers, inverters, etc., accessible to the user and making it possible to influence the playing and the sound, as will see it further.
  • the source instrument further comprises, generally indicated at 20, a central computing and processing unit which comprises, in a completely known manner and not illustrated, a microprocessor, for example with eight bits or binons, a memory RAM and a read-only memory of appropriate capacities, a clock circuit, and interfaces intended to allow communication of the microprocessor with the outside.
  • a central computing and processing unit which comprises, in a completely known manner and not illustrated, a microprocessor, for example with eight bits or binons, a memory RAM and a read-only memory of appropriate capacities, a clock circuit, and interfaces intended to allow communication of the microprocessor with the outside.
  • Means are provided for sequentially sending pulses of electric current in the strings 61 to 66. These means comprise six electronic switches 21 respectively controlled by six control lines 22 connected to the central unit 20.
  • the switches 21, which can be produced using appropriate switching transistors, are supplied by a positive direct voltage V1, of the order of 5 to 6 volts in the present example.
  • the switches are arranged to selectively put to the potential V1 or to the ground each of the strings 61 to 66, their output being for this purpose connected, at the level of the anchoring point 9, to the associated string.
  • the anchor points 9, as well as the bridge 8, will be designed to provide electrical isolation of the strings from each other, so that a voltage pulse V1 applied to the anchor point of a rope is not undesirably diffused in the other strings at this end.
  • the scanning of the six strings with pulses will be carried out so that, when one of the strings is brought to the potential V1 by its anchor point, the anchor points of all the very strings are grounded, for purposes explained below.
  • the transmitting instrument further comprises means for comparing the voltages present on each of the frets 702 to 723, on the nut 701, and on the pick 10.
  • each fret is connected by a conductor 23 to the input of a comparator circuit, generally indicated at 24.
  • the conductors may be cables embedded in the mass of the handle 3 or even be made up of tracks of a printed circuit extending inside the handle, the hoops then being fixed for example using conductive pins projecting therefrom towards the inside of the handle and soldered to the printed circuit.
  • the comparator circuit 24 comprises, in the present embodiment, operational amplifiers 25, which are twenty-four in number (one for the nut, one for each of the other twenty-two frets, and one for the pick) and which receive on their non-inverting input, via conductors 23, the positive or zero electric voltage present on the associated hoop (or nut, or pick).
  • the inverting inputs of the amplifiers 25 are connected to a common line 100, itself connected to a negative voltage source -V via a resistor 26.
  • each amplifier 25 is mounted, between the output and the inverting input, a diode feedback loop 27.
  • the comparator circuit schematically described above operates in the following manner.
  • the voltage on line 100 of the inverting inputs is always equal to the highest positive voltage among those present on each of the non-inverting inputs (conductors 23) of the comparator circuit 24, and that only the operational amplifier associated with this highest voltage (the one whose non-inverting input is at said highest voltage) sees its positive output, the outputs of all the other amplifiers all taking their most negative value.
  • the source or transmitter instrument further comprises an analog / digital conversion unit 30 arranged to supply the central unit 20 with various information. More specifically, each of the six displacement or deformation sensors 13 respectively associated with each of the cords 61 to 66 is connected to the conversion unit 30, in order to provide the central unit 20 with information concerning the variations in the mechanical tension of said said strings, for purposes explained below.
  • each of the six independent windings of the microphone 12 is connected to an effective value detector 31, conventionally arranged to convert the alternating voltage present at the terminals of each winding, voltage generated by the vibration of the associated string, into a proportional direct voltage to the amplitude of said alternating voltage. Each of said direct voltages (representing amplitudes), leaving the detector 31, is applied to the conversion unit 30.
  • the central unit thus has six digital pieces of information representative of the respective vibration amplitudes of the six strings 61 to 66.
  • analog / digital conversion unit 30 is connected to various potentiometers and switches, globally indicated at 14, which allow the instrumentalist to enter into the central unit 20 data of his choice, for adjustment purposes. various parameters.
  • the guitar 1 can also be used simultaneously with the operation of the electronic part described, like a conventional guitar.
  • the microphone 11 is connected to an interference suppression and filtering unit 32.
  • this unit comprises a sampler-blocker, controlled by a line 33 at the output of the central unit 20, and arranged to block the signal analog, at the output of microphone 11, at the value at which it is just before a pulse is emitted in a rope 61 to 66; this is so that the spurious signal created in the analog signal by the propagation of the pulse in the string is eliminated.
  • the unit 32 comprises, at the output of the sampler-blocker, an appropriate low-pass filter intended to smooth the analog signal available on this output.
  • a switch 34 is provided in parallel with the unit 32 so that, when the electronic part of the guitar 1 is not in service, the analog signal is not subjected to the above processing, which is then superfluous due to the absence of said pulses.
  • the microphone signal in a conventional manner, may pass through a volume and tone adjustment circuit comprising various potentiometers provided on the body 2 (not shown).
  • the source or transmitter instrument comprises a unit 35 providing the interface with a target or receiver instrument, described below, the unit 35 being arranged to develop messages which will preferably be transmitted in digital form in serial to the receiving instrument.
  • each message will consist of three bytes, or groups of eight binons, namely one byte containing a number representative of the note played on the guitar and intended to be reproduced by the target instrument, another byte containing note amplitude information, obtained as we said from the signal detected by the associated winding of microphone 12, and the third byte containing information on the frequency variation of said note (vibrato effect or portamento), information obtained as we said from the deformation sensor 13 mentioned above, which detects variations in the mechanical tension of the played string, and therefore in its vibration frequency.
  • the output of the interface unit 35 is connected to a bundle of conductive wires 36, intended to establish the connection between the source instrument and the target instrument.
  • This bundle of conducting wires will be able to convey the supply voltages for all the electronic part contained in the guitar 1, a ground voltage, the digital serial information transmitted by the guitar to the target instrument, as well as possibly the usual signals. synchronizations, for said transmission of digital data.
  • the analog signal mentioned above, supplied by the microphone 11 and possibly processed at 32, may also be transmitted by this bundle of conductive wires, for example for its diffusion or subsequent processing. A coaxial pair will be used for this signal.
  • the source or transmitter instrument further comprises means for inhibiting the action of the pick 10.
  • these means comprise a switching unit, generally indicated at 37, constituted for example by suitable switching transistors , and arranged to force the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 25 associated with the mediator 10 to a negative voltage.
  • a series resistor 38 is provided on the line 23 associated with the mediator 10; the value of this resistance is high enough to prevent this forcing of tension from affecting the detection of the above-mentioned fret tensions when said pick is in contact with a string. It is understood that, in this situation, the voltage variations of the pick 10 will not be perceived by the comparator circuit 24, the action of the pick being thus inhibited.
  • One of the inverters of the assembly 14 provided on the body 2 of the guitar can advantageously be used to effect or remove such inhibition.
  • the operation of the transmitting instrument that is to say of the guitar 1 equipped with its various electronic analysis and control organs, organized around the central unit 20, is the following:
  • the central unit 20 via the analog / digital conversion unit 30, detects at certain moments the position of the pick-up inhibitor switch 10, a switch which is part of the unit 14
  • the pick-up inhibitor switch 10 a switch which is part of the unit 14
  • the central unit 20 via the analog / digital conversion unit 30, detects at certain moments the position of the pick-up inhibitor switch 10, a switch which is part of the unit 14
  • the pick is disabled, then a new note will be validated, by means of appropriate messages transmitted to the receiving instrument, each time the instrumentalist acts on any string.
  • the pick is not inhibited, it is the detection of contact of the pick 10 with a string that will trigger the validation of a note and the emission of associated messages to the receiving instrument.
  • the central processing unit 20 acts to sequentially analyze the playing of the hand of the instrumentalist (or fingering) on the neck, as well as possibly the action of the pick 10, read the data at the output of the various amplitude, portamento and / or vibrato sensors, and of adjustment, via the analog / digital conversion unit 30, perform various calculations with a view to development of note messages, and finally triggering the sending of messages to the receiving instrument, via unit 35.
  • the hoop 710 is necessarily at a potential lower than that of the fret 709.
  • the central unit thus has, at the output of the comparator circuit 24, information rigorously representative of the pitch of the note played on the fretboard for each string; by appropriate calculations, the central unit can therefore deduce a corresponding note number (for example between 1 and 49 for a range of four octaves) for the development of a message to be transmitted.
  • the six strings 61 to 66 are thus sequentially tested, at an appropriate rate.
  • the system of the invention allows polyphonic playing, that is to say with several simultaneous notes.
  • the pick 10 has not been taken into account.
  • the electrical contact between the string and the pick will be determined as above, the pick 10 always being at a potential. higher than that of the frets when it touches the string, provided that the instrumentalist attacks the strings in the region between the last fret 723 and the bridge 8.
  • send a message corresponding to a start of note is triggered when the pick leaves the string.
  • the central unit may also cause the extinction of a note after a predetermined time, by carrying out an appropriate examination of its life or seniority.
  • FIG. 3 is schematically represented a receiving instrument 48. It comprises an appropriate reception interface 50 at the arrival of the bundle of conducting wires carrying the serial digital data coming from the transmitting instrument of FIG. 1.
  • a central unit 52 takes takes into account the note information contained in the messages received to convert them into control signals of the instrument itself, which can be routed to it by a set of conductors 54.
  • the conductors will be able to supply individually and selectively a series of electromagnets placed in line on a frame, the frame itself being placed above an instrument keyboard such as acoustic piano, electric piano, electronic organ, music synthesizer, etc. ... Rods integral with the respective cores of each electromagnet will be arranged to press the button associated with them.
  • the central unit 52 may be installed in an electronic musical instrument with a keyboard of the type in which the pressing of a key on the keyboard causes the actuation of an associated switch .
  • the central unit 52 will then be designed so that the signals present on the conducting wires 54 can simulate the closing and opening of said switches. If these wires are connected in parallel on the wires extending between said switches and a conventional keyboard exploration circuit installed in the receiving instrument, then we understand that it will be possible to play simultaneously on the keyboard and on the guitar of figure 1.
  • some of the conductor wires 54 may be intended to convey analog voltages representative respectively of the amplitude and the degree of portamento (frequency difference) associated with each note. In this regard, it will be easy for those skilled in the art to ensure that said information, contained in digital form in the messages received, is routed to appropriate digital / analog conversion means.
  • the target instrument may consist of an analog-type synthesizer, conventionally controlled by an oscillator control voltage and by a gate pulse.
  • the unit 52 may include a digital / analog converter intended to create said voltage from the content of the messages received.
  • any variation in the position of a string can be detected by measuring the associated variation in the amplitude picked up from the pulse relating to said string; this variation is caused by the fact that the respective positions of the rope concerned and of the winding are modified.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b which are two curves of the output voltage of the microphone as a function of time, for different positions of the strings, that, for example, the peak corresponding to the emission of the the voltage pulse V1 in the fifth rope (rope 65) is weaker in Figure 4b than in Figure 4a. This means that the position of said string 65 relative to the microphone 11 has varied between the sequences of pulses corresponding to the two curves.
  • the invention applies in particular to an instrument of the guitar type comprising a quite arbitrary number of strings and frets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Claims (14)

1. Polyphonische Vorrichtung zur Analyse vom Fingersatz bei einem Meistersaiteninstrument zur Steuerung von Zielinstrumenten, wobei das Ausgangsinstrument eine Reihe von Saiten (61 bis 66) mit einem elektrischen Widerstand ungleich null und eine Reihe von stromleitenden Bünden (702 bis 723) enthält, die quer über den Saiten in diesem Bereich gelagert sind; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Schaltmittel (21) besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie nacheinander ein erstes Ende (9) jeder Saite von einer ersten Spannungsquelle (V1) auf eine zweite Stromquelle umschalten können, wobei die anderen Saiten jeweils durch eines ihrer Enden mit der Masse verbunden sind, daß sie Mittel (701, 70) besitzt, um das andere Saitenende mit einer anderen Spannungsquelle, als mit der genannten ersten Stromquelle zu verbinden, daß sie Spannungskomparatoren (24) besitzt, die über eine Reihe von Eingänge verfügen, die jeweils mit einem der nicht segmentierten Bünde (702 bis 723) und dem Sattel (701) verbunden sind; und Steuerungs- und Analysemittel (20, 35), die mit dem Ausgang des Komparatoren (24), mit den Schaltmitteln (21) und mit dem Zielinstrument verbunden sind, wobei die Steuerungs- und Analysemittel angeben, welcher der Bünde ein Potential hat, das dem der ersten Spannung am nächsten liegt, über die besagte Saite, die an einem Ende auf die Spannung V1 gebracht wird.
2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel, die ein zweites Saitenende mit einer anderen Spannungsquelle, als der besagten ersten Stromquelle (V1), verbinden, einen stromleitenden Sattel (701) aus Metall besitzen, der quer zu den Saiten (61 bis 66) liegt und ständig mit diesen in Stromkontakt steht, und welcher an diese besagte Stromquelle von anderer Spannung über einen Widerstand (70) angeschlossen ist.
3. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannungskomparatoren (24) ein Reihe von Leistungsverstärkern (25) besitzen, mit je einem invertierenden und einem nicht invertierenden Eingang, wobei einer der nicht invertierenden Eingänge mit dem Mittel (701, 70) verbunden ist, während die anderen jeweils mit einem Bund (702 bis 723) und die invertierenden Eingänge alle mit einer gemeinsamen Leitung verbunden sind, wobei der Ausgang jedes Leistungsverstärkers an die gemeinsame Leitung über ein Mittel (27) angeschlossen ist, das den Stromfluß vom Ausgang zur besagten gemeinsamen Leitung lediglich in einer Richtung zuläßt.
4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte gemeinsame Leitung über einen Widerstand (26) mit einer Spannung (-V) verbunden ist, deren Polarität derbesagten ersten Versorgungsspannung (V1) der Saiten (61 bis 66) entgegengesetzt ist.
5. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bünde (702 bis 723) über einen Widerstand jeweils mit einer gemeinsamen Spannung verbunden sind, deren Polarität der besagten ersten Versorgungsspannung (V1) der Saiten entgegengesetzt ist.
6. Vorrichtung gemäß einer der Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich ein Validierungsmittel (10) zur Steuerung des Zielinstrumentes besitzt.
. 7. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Vermittler (10) aus stromleitendem Material besitzt, der mit einem der Eingänge des Komparatoren (24) verbunden ist.
8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Schaltmittel (37) besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie das vom Vermittler ausgesendete elektrische Signal hemmen.
9. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Mittler (13) zur Messung der Stromstärke oder von Verzerrungen besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie elektrische Signale abgeben, die jeweils die Schwankungen der mechanischen Spannung einer jeden Saite (61 bis 66) wiedergeben.
10. Vorrichtung gemäß einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Mittel (12, 31) besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie elektrische Signale abgeben, die jeweils die Schwingungsamplitude einer jeden Saite (61 bis 66) wiedergeben.
11. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem A/D-Konversionsmittel (30) besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie jedes der besagten elektrischen Signale in digitale Informationen umwandelt, der Ausgang der besagten A/D-Konversionsmittel (30) ist mit den Analyse- und Steuerungsmitteln (20, 35) verbunden.
12. Vorrichtung gemäß einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, bei der die Steuerung des Zielinstrumentes durch das Ausgangsinstrument (1) mit Hilfe von Steuerungsmitteln erfolgt, die digitale Informationen weiterleiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zielinstrument Mittel (50, 52) besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie die besagten.erhaltenen digitalen Informationen in Steuersignale umwandelt, die den Eigenschaften des besagten Zielinstrumentes entsprechen.
13. Vorrichtung gemäß einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein elektromagnetisches Mikrophon (11) besitzt, das so angeordnet ist, daß es elektrische Signale aussendet, die die Abweichungen der Saiten von ihrer Gleichgewichtsposition wiedergeben.
14. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie die Frequenz der elektrischen Impulse, die von den Schaltmitteln (21) ausgesendet werden, hoch genug ist, daß die Schwingungen jeder einzelnen Saite individuell rekonstituiert werden können.
EP84401750A 1983-09-02 1984-08-31 Polyphonische Vorrichtung zur Analyse vom Fingersatz bei einem Meistersaiteninstrument Expired EP0142390B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84401750T ATE45641T1 (de) 1983-09-02 1984-08-31 Polyphonische vorrichtung zur analyse vom fingersatz bei einem meistersaiteninstrument.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8314122 1983-09-02
FR8314122A FR2551575B1 (fr) 1983-09-02 1983-09-02 Transformateur polyphonique de doigte pour instruments a cordes

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EP0142390A1 EP0142390A1 (de) 1985-05-22
EP0142390B1 true EP0142390B1 (de) 1989-08-16

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EP (1) EP0142390B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60166992A (de)
AT (1) ATE45641T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1243228A (de)
DE (1) DE3479458D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2551575B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2178217A (en) * 1985-07-09 1987-02-04 Stepp Electronics Electronic musical instrument
US4781097A (en) * 1985-09-19 1988-11-01 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Electronic drum instrument
FR2592734A1 (fr) * 1986-01-08 1987-07-10 Adm Appareil electronique prevu pour servir d'interface entre une guitare electronique et un synthetiseur
JPS62190299U (de) * 1986-05-23 1987-12-03
FR2606919B1 (fr) * 1986-11-19 1989-03-17 Cintra Daniel Procede et dispositif pour analyser le doigte d'un instrumentiste sur un instrument de musique a cordes
US5065659A (en) * 1988-05-23 1991-11-19 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting the positions where strings are operated, and electronic musical instruments provided therewith
US5153364A (en) * 1988-05-23 1992-10-06 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Operated position detecting apparatus and electronic musical instruments provided therewith
JP2689614B2 (ja) * 1989-06-16 1997-12-10 松下電器産業株式会社 電子楽器
JP2679308B2 (ja) * 1989-11-14 1997-11-19 松下電器産業株式会社 発音源判定装置およびそれを用いた電子楽器

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US3786167A (en) * 1972-08-14 1974-01-15 J Borell Musical instruments
US3871247A (en) * 1973-12-12 1975-03-18 Arthur R Bonham Musical instrument employing time division multiplexing techniques to control a second musical instrument
US4235144A (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-11-25 Tel-Ray Electronics Manufacturing Co., Inc. Means for controlling special musical effects
US4321852A (en) * 1979-12-19 1982-03-30 Young Jr Leroy D Stringed instrument synthesizer apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2551575B1 (fr) 1987-03-20
DE3479458D1 (en) 1989-09-21
ATE45641T1 (de) 1989-09-15
EP0142390A1 (de) 1985-05-22
CA1243228A (fr) 1988-10-18
JPS60166992A (ja) 1985-08-30
FR2551575A1 (fr) 1985-03-08

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